THE MYTH OF A 'MELLOWING' SOVIET UNION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 197
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 27, 2004
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 25, 1979
• Content Type: NSPR

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9-728, 9A?proved ForiRelease 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R00
F E B 1968.
Between' the Lines
Tie Myth.,Qf a `MeYlowing' Soviet Unions
I The assumption is that the. tion, oppressive colonial polio. reac
time will come when, like the ces and cultural Russification, ground sources is by Vyache- served as a rallying point for
Ch vii a oung Com- exiles from behind the Iron
l
trial society." Miss Roosevetc cial and economic discrimina-- Lnu 17141uaUa,y., 11 .. .... ...---- -
h d the west by under-, House in New York which has
rection as our IW~" 'tinuing reatstainC? oy inGess i{Lk V417 kit RIk11V Y? tl..+.s ~_,_ r -in
.___._. ,a..--- .-_ .on,... M1111k nutAide interest.' in 1963, the CIA was ordered
a
- Ot er r
cry that the pie with the problem of con opinion
Y S S R i s trolling the more than 100 na groups have for sometime Korea. Molding public
hunn rlisrlnsine in their ethnic. required a change in covert'
fhnir
p y ' the distant future. York-based group o U ramian
ortunit to ' ?zj
examine the From Lenin to Brezhnev, So-` refugees called Prolog whi gains still further as well as to
o t war ' the viet leaders have had to grap-: benefits from CIA links. support so-called "wars. of lib-
inian ' refugee eration" as In Vietnam and
P s - Uk
inism" 'pro- olic makers has helped the
vide the op- ment or a revolt recedes into data of this nature is a New p rennin to consolidate its 1
Administration circles to ad- PHILADELPHIA ? '
mit that there has been a "re- VB Sunday, February 4, 1968 Recently, the myth of the
vival of Stal "mellowing" Soviet Russia
proclaimed by this country's
the current willingness of some LILLU011. X11 Gains Consolidated
I events themselves for po Ica .
By purposes. Policy in regard to!
EDITH KERMIT ROOSEVELT the Soviet Union has been
Washington - The intensifi- a nnd~g Bulletin + . nformulated on early three decades. basis for
cation of the cold hot war and ? ? PA 71P W'
Kremlin's Suppression of. Basic Freedoms Continues
--_
barrassment, harassment or, piques or, seiective arrtlbk0,
entitled "Problems of Commu
even such "unilateral disarm-, secret trials and reprisals. nism." produced by the United Throughout this period, there.
nhenvn in the facts
I patient; that is to say, to methods as genociae ana ae .~af~b~+-?-- Curtain, was changed to "Ra- f,
avoid "provocation.." We ; portation to _ .. the more fe,.hbenign: The September-October b" dio Liberty" :.~F.....:,.. and its liberation.;
alike, probably as allies.' Pre- number of means to terriry?its was saIiwiI u .~ a ~?>?~ ?>~~- -??
sumably, all we have to do is.. population into submission, ` camp for protesting his trial. name of "Radio Liberation,
also U. S. financed,' which
Union, is so effective because. Portions of a manuscppt gy- a Mg y . y r , l,
it allows members of the ing details concerning' the il- formed specialist on Soviet of
Ukrainian and other national ` legal, secret trials ? of 20. fairs?. This is a question which
Ity groups to expose them:` Ukrainian intellectuals- have has to relate'to news manage x 1'
-nf whi;?h invnlvPS mnrp than
i
tuals today particularly among :--must have' been known all
non Russians in the Soviet;. Vietnam.
b an reasonably in i j
a
effect denounce themselves. some sort of counterpressure ne X totalitarian system that is, up-
The crackdowns on intellec- "'to the Kremlin's propaganda the U. S, Government has tak
ainst U S involvement in en'so long to recognize what setting world peace.
'unit nuclear power to be VCUWS wrntrkg Ilk . devoted entirely to the nation- "b?"" -" ? r"_--_-.
provided for our newest earn the nationality groups and the sup-nationalis
N
U. S. er "The U.S.S. Kennedy." cl so ani effort ofisficialbeing made USSR. R chard Pipes 1 anHar- Pression of basic cultural and
personal freedoms. But all this, j. r
Only a Tactic? to disclose details regarding yard professor, declares frank- became i'no-newsill every de-
Moscow's imperialistic poll- ly:' "The. nationalism of the sssed at the
suppresn alto the .t
IF It has become legitimate to cies vis-a-vis the nationality minority; peoples of the USSR source, tail a being nd not
ask whether the so-called 'groups behind the Iron Cur-; (like that of the 'Russians to get to newsmen. Nall this
is sow hly
"thaw" in Russian society is tain, something that has been. themselves) has grown and in- old "no-n newsmen
rCally any different than the hushed 'up by our officialdom tensified since 1917. The Gov- old s" small steps
Maoist slogan of "let a thou- until now. Although this is still ernment~publication details the nan4
. ae being taken to present the
sand flowers bloom." Mao has :not' being brought up publicly, Kremlin's "oppressive colonial ''troth.
openly admitted that this 'stories and documentation con. practices" against the Mus- Certain) 'there is a moral .
"thaw" was only a tactic to:., eerning Red Jim Crowism are lims, Jews, Yakuts, the Baltic' ? li amply every demo l
.f have opponents of the regime being made available to somepeoples, Armenians and others' obligation n for the e West to '
%
raise their heads and thus in, newsmen in an effort to exert' , up to the present day. cratic ic oin in this vicious 1'
n onl wonder why Pt
O c
occurs and the possibility or an apreau u7Jl17Uuuvi ??--
ti;: effective underground move- , some additional aignlicant the actual rmaniptitation of
proverbial lamb and the?lion, programs. s
avTpao"P ,.P retarv. who Curtain who wanted their free-,';
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 -r ;jpe4A roved For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-0131
ay 'mao,,,,,, THE SEATTLE TIMES
4 February 1978
fashions
'~ "'M 'i 4' F l - ^ul - j411f f ?~. '~.+~ : ~' r ~- ~' 1 ." h- i.. .. - T 1 . }L ... nJ, - n*w- ~,~: i-' -~ .. ~r -:.t."./(~
by SCOTT MAIER , ago may. not. have happened if
~~,. . 4 here had been congressional ov-
s
The Central Intelligence Agency
, t ersight
" he said
_
l
,
.
today is not the cloak-and-dagger The C.I.A. has been criticized
operation that the press some- for covert operations which, in the
times portrays, Herbert Hetu, an past have Included assassination-
assistant director of the agency, and disruption of foreign govern-
told the Ballard Lions Club yester 4nents. _,. .
..
li
ht
aus
of
.
ome
a
_
g
.....
-- o--~_ ....... v. .bete - to
e
. -----/ -
the last
30
years ...We're no :; the Freedom of Information Act..
longer (posing as) journalists or. , "We are dealing with retroac-_
tricks business is a very minor, today." s
part of our business today," Hetu Hetua said some covert aa twit y
said.
~. ;..; f is'still a legitimate C.I.A. activttyy
activities These covert operations generally.
He said intelligence-::
involve bribesdd h
i now focus on gathering informa-- an propagana,e,
lion on s
;d
h timi
uc
ngs as ever re
- gy Herbert Hetu "Thirty years ago, we were onl
r sources and economic conditions yy
of foreign nations. Much of this 'We still need thuspy lites; Hetu said. Today, things
data.. is collected from newspa r x - ,
pers,= radio broadcasts and other * have changed. The Soviet Union is
public sources p broadcasts - government) wants to-do with it. still No. 1 in our black books, but
To get i I
ntentions, we -.till need the
n
i
l
g `~
..
ona
. -Besides being an assistant dire-.
VV_ arge
monad spy. It's still an important.:'`&seeing of C.I.A. activities will be,: for of the C.I.A., Hetu is in ch
part of our organization. good for the agency, Hetu said.. 1..
.. o the agency's public, affairs, He
"If we discover technical. evi- ":; We?-'do have people looking : A retired.Navy captain- amid hasi
dence, such as the development of over our shoulders today. We
, served as public-affairs assistant*1
,a __new -weapon. the President 'think this In good come-of th
e
- n i k
ow w
for
nthin
i
_
k
h -
th
t t
n
_~--
t
(
g
gs
e
place 1J 20 years
? _ . I 4-_, ...a li .~....-w...ra. .~..
oo
a
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ARTICLE APP RED
ON PAGE 13 p 5 August 1985
PAS? 7i
Soviets' Empty Promises on Rights
Reviews Focus Attention on Failure to Live Up to Helsinki Pact
By ERNM CONINE
Ten years ago President Gerald B. Ford,
joining 34 other heads of state in signing
the Helsinki accords, said that "history will
judge this conference not by the
promises we make but by the promises we
keep "
It was good theater, and it was appropri-
ate. Unfortunately, the Soviets have not
kept the human-rights promises embodied
in the document that they signed at the
1975 Conference on European Security and
Cooperation at Helsinki.
This doesn't mean that the whole thing
was a mistake. There is great value in
maintaining an international forum in
which the Soviet Union can be brought to
public account for the systematic denial of-
fundamental rights to its own people.
Review conferences, such as the one held
last week in Helsinki on the 10th anniver-
sary of the signing of the accords, provide
that forum.
The 1975 Helsinki conference came'
about because of Moscow's anxiety to win
international recognition of the East-West
boundaries set by force of Russian arms in
World War H. They didn't get all that they
wanted, but the other signatories did, in
effect, validate the permanence of Soviet
influence in Eastern Europe.
In order to gain Western approval of this
portion of the agreement, however, the
Soviets had to accept a package of human-
rights guarantees covering such things as
freedom of thought, religion and emigra-
tion, and "the right of the individual to
know and act upon his rights."
The West now has the same right to
insist that Moscow live up to the human-
rights provisions of the Helsinki accords as
the Russians have to insist on Western
adherence to the language dealing with
international frontiers.
Since the signing of the pact, working
conditions for Western Journalists in Soviet
Bloc countries have improved. The provi-
sion on reunification of families, especially
important to West Germans, has helped.
With some exceptions, Moscow has given
advance notice of military maneuvers, in
keeping with the agreement
On balance, however, the Soviet per-
formance has been dismal. The number of
Jews allowed to emigrate has shrunk to a
trickle. Soviet citizens who marry foreign-
ers still find it herd to leave the country,
despite the Helsinki agreement's provi-
sions to the contrary.
The fate of the 100-odd Soviet citizens
who formed a Helsinki Watch Committee
to monitor the compliance of their govern-
ment with the Helsinki accords (an activity
that is specifically called for in the agree-
ment) is especially relevant.
Fifty-one are locked up in prisons, labor
camps and psychiatric hospitals, or have
been exiled to places far from their homes.
Four have died after years of mistreat-
ment. Twenty have been released after
serving sentences, but live under the
threat of rearrest. Seventeen have emi-
grated to the West because of the threat of
imprisonment. The remainder live in a
constant state of intimidation.
Andrei Sakharov, the most prominent
member of the human-rights movement,
languishes as a non-person in Gorky,
where he was exiled for the sort of criticism
that is routinely voiced in the United States
by civil-rights activists and members of
the Union of Concerned Scientists.
Then there is the experience of the
Group for Establishing Trust Between the
U.S.S.R. and the United States. This un-
official "peace" group rejects the "dissi-
dent" label, and avoids challenging the
legitimacy of Communist rule. But the
Kremlin runs its own tightly controlled
"peace" movement, and doesn't allow
free-lance agitation in this or any other
field.
Members of the group are constantly
harassed and discouraged from meeting
with visiting Western peace activists. One
key member, Vladimir Brodsky, has been
accused of "hooliganism," a charge that
could lead to a five-year prison term.
Ordinary citizens are not allowed to
subscribe to Western publications. The
incarceration of political dissidents in men-
tal hospitals is routine. Religious instruc-
tion of persons under 18 is illegal, and
religion in general is discouraged.
On one level the Kremlin blandly asserts
.that human rights, even as defined in the
West, are fully observed. Moscow's funda-
mental position, however, is that the Soviet
system offers true human right& the right
to a job, a place to live and three meals a
day. (Never mind, as a U.S. diplomat
reminded the Soviets lately, that the-
average Russian lives less well than an
American on welfare.)
So far there is no indication that things
will get any better under Mikhail I.-
Gorbachev, the new Kremlin leader. The
arrests continue; emigration is almost
non-existent. And the regime continues to,
display a bizarre sensitivity to human:.
rights accusations.
On the eve of last week's Helsinki review
conference, e c World ,
representing eMVM from Latvia, ua .
nia annia, convened a tribunal
Copenhagen at
The Soviets charmed that the whole
thing rowas orgENR by the that
ro,ean newsmen covering the event
were "bribed" ' to do so. They warned
Den-
darrkly that N re a onss with
mar and Sweden, in particular,
sWe-r as a result of their allowmg U-6
events take place on their soil.
Meanwhile, at a news conference in
Moscow, Foreign Ministry spokesman
Vladimir B. Lomeiko lost his temper and
accused human-rights advocates in the
West of being slave traders and debauchers
of young girls.
Some within the Reagan Administration
propose staying away from future Helsinki
review conferences in light of the Soviets'
contemptuous disregard of their own sol-
emn pledges on human rights.
British Foreign Secretary Sir Geoffrey,
Howe had the right response: "The Helsin
ki Act established a benchmark by which
to judge the way in which governments
deal with their own people. Despite all the
disappointed hopes, the Helsinki Final Act_
did light a beacon that continues to shine.
We must continue to include human rights
and human contacts on the agenda of our
future meetings."
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24. May 1984
WOMAN SEEKS REFUGE FROM KGB
BY RICH TOSCHES
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
A RUSSIAN faORRA LHU SHE'S SHE f UUSE-ti 'i 0 BE Ei
SPY FUR THE. I(3! HRS LEFT HER HLiSI flktr RR (I t'f ILIfREfi ?Ei INDIFf VEFECTEO
TO NE Ufl t TEtr STATES RULE RPPL IEO FOR F'OL I T I CtiL I SYLUt1.
THE..fiI9I 11UiiCEIIENT OF THE UEFECT[OU WAS Hti)E .flEtrt E` ORY BY 1'HE HEti
OF THE fORR THE SU 4 LE T S CORL I T IO1ri. VF , 1U HRLSL CER PRESL 1 Ef l OF THE
Cuff OVEIS1RL RkII-SU1'iu' OlttiHI11 I~'IIUf; FHfRT HfiS CLA nEti CREiiIT FOR
THE f uSSIRk BOICU1 l OF I -HE 1 4 SUfifltft UL't"f1PLCSt ?iHIll THE ~5-`iEA -ULP
kllht N 1S L IY 15U IN LOS HHt ELES.
K 8 WILL CUi F IRm wE DO HR E H LHIW4' flHO APPLIED IO?:!R ` FIR PUUL IT ICRL
HS'LUfi WHO WR: H StWLE1't a JEk:PY SEt#ELLI t+Et3u1lY DIRECTOR' OF THE
1i"t LuRR 1UN Hit{ nfl URtiLI-.Hi ?O SERVI L :L In LOS f,NUELES.R TOLkr iji3is
"THIS LHUY HPPERRS TO EE 1101 H L?ELEUIi 1TY Iii R u I Rl. HE#`i lull E
HU I ERHt3E f?E.ft`3tlif.tt
HE REFUSE ' TO U 1aCLOSE BUY t"ETR 1La ili HER $1 TUR-'1 IUHi L,'1t T :iA iU THE
WiE OF A RuuS: IHN DEFEC1I t)I~ UR1 i ` VU Y U5U1"UAL SI FIPLY f ECII USE THEE
fiREN' T nA PEOPLE WHO TR0`4EL, UU'ISL uL O THE SX-VIET UNION,.'
E RLS IIiER SH10 FHE W011I1N TOLD F1111- '.HE,,I4HS DEN EGT' I kia" ULt.HUSE SHE
REFtJiEU TO wLJ K IUH Y HE $01E I {ils.
SHE SA I ll THE' WERE K;1.1311' HEM 'IIU Ell CERTII iN TYPES OE' SF'i' IfU
SC T In IT IE5 t. I N ifiO10 AND UilHER 1-HLIthS Wii 11:H SHE COULt{ r ll AGREE 1Ut'
ALS 113th UHit). _ _ _ _
n i H 1 HAU LONE ON Ella HSuu I H YEAR HriU THE SOY` IE1 S HAit) APP L I EI) R
kurIUEI~i OF PRE S SURE TP.CT 1CS. "SI1E IfilS 1 f; FEAR O I1Rl OR RE1AAL 1 H T. It]Ii FOR
f1Ot REIEtu LOttl`E:i~HTi .
SNLSIUER :3R10 IRINEI t RJUMDET::i H H11 IS nAkRIEC, TO AN I_IsSI ftEER FkUIr
MAN WHO SHE f ET WHILE ff1TE#ltrllrtl SCHOOL LU LEtINGRRI)t LEFT HER
I-AIS IL`I LftST .i:EE.i. RU fiRRIVE) IN nE Mi.' IHURStftY. SHE COUTPIC-1 EL) A
FRIEND OF HER HUSOHN$ . In LfOS RRIJ- ELES Rat) HRR: I YEU IN LOS ANGELES
fllll ttAY t WHEN THE Stiff THE Si VI C T C URLI { L Uk kRS CONIRC1 Et) Afyt{ A
REETiNG wHS SET UP WITH AN HITORUEir'.
BUT VRLSISEfi SHIO A FH?R PHITfY -- A RUSSIRU WHO DEFECTED THRUM,
1 TALY H FEW YEARS All,) ANO IS NOW 2 STUUEffI AT LICLI3 -- LUFORREU THE
FEE OF THE :1 TUJRT IGH.
'THE F21 IHEL Sf RTCHEO HER H fti An OFFICE WHERE uE MERE 1-0 nEET
HEW f1ALSLGER SHI0r "Hf;tr HELD HER FOR FIVE HOURS Of; TuESUH`,i R HD
OEt R LEFEta HER. `
Continued
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kR71CLi LPPLL.P
ON PAC'~~
WASHINGTON POST
1 Apr-) 1 1984
'Y170 11P Sets Safety ll*,N'et
To Snatch Defectors
A
u Olympic Games
By Jay Mathews
W--0 Poet S f wrlhu
LOS ANGELES, April 13-Youth gangs in this run-
oFn neighborhood have spray-painted red, black and
-bite graffiti over the beige brick wall guarding the little
;uare buil ding on West 24th Street A few workmen are
atching some interior wals. A colorful mural of Tallinn
verlooking the Baltic Sea haunts a dark and empty
nesting room
Estonian House, for 30 years alittle-noticed part of
-ecaring central Los Angeles, does not seem to be the
nrt of place io erpect an international incident But it
as been designated a possible "salre house" in a plan to
ncourage mass defections at the 19& Olympic Games
iere.
Ln an escalating series of out: raged complaints, officials
`the Soviet Union have accused the U.S. government of
ncoura_,ng the activities. of a small group of anti-Soviet
mericans with ties to eastern Europe who want to keep
-ie Russians out of Los Angeles altogether.
The Soviets, in demanding a special meeting. of the
,ter.ational Olympic Committee on the issue, have in.
cited the importance of the Ban the Soviet Coalition
jt of proportion to the anion's numbers, but reveala
bait an international propaganda battleground e
Tony M zeika, a coalition member from the Baltic
mieric n Freedom League, speaks of plans to create as
shy as 500 possible safe houses and "a network of dif-
rent people spelling different languages" ready to help
ny defector from the Soviet bloc.
At a leape meeting this week, Mazeika said, Estonian
-o se was identified as a likely gathering point. From
e nearby corner of 24th St eet and Ellendale place, one
n easily see the University of Southern California high-
=e dormitories less than a mile away from where hun-
eds of Olympic athletes will stay in one of the two
ympic villages.
State Department spokesmen have denied sponsoring
encouraging the coalition's ectivoties. But Mazeika said
embers of his learrue met with Assistant Secretary of
ate Elliot Abrams on March 17 at a human rights con-
-ence in the Ambassador Hotel here.
Abrams said this week that he told Maaeika and oth-
that the State Department realized the possibilify of
fac`tor's at the Games and would be ready as usual to
er physical se-cushy to those seeking asylum, although
paigns, pursued land deals, campaigned unsuccessfully
lelned him surreptitiously leave a diniomatic assianment
in Ian 1970 ant IzoR worl~ a< a a-11, er and Do)it?ica_l
analyst in Leos Angeles.
In an interview. Schuman denounced the U.S. decision
to a ?t a large Soviet cruise shn~to Lopj3ezcartd.
Los Angeles harbors. He said such shies keen entertain-
ment facilities for visitors on their upper decks, while
-maintainine "war tames" electronic su-n'e ante eouio-
ment on lower decks to monitor U.S. radio and telephone
transmssions. , .
The coalition began with a small group of southern
Californians upset at what, they regarded as a weak of-
ficial American response to the Soviet downing of a Ko-
rean Air Lines jetliner with 269 people aboard last Sep-
tember. '
"I got quite irritated that the only-action this country
took was a few strong statements and kicking out three
Aeroflot ticket agents," Balsiger ssaid. "It could have been
.my kids on that plane."
Balsiger, who putt his age at "about. 35," is a restless
Cosa Mesa entrepreneur who has run advertising cam-
press agency editor Yuri
the department was neither enco ' g nor discouraging
defections.
David Finzer, an Anglican priest serving as the coali-
tion's representative in Washington, said, however, that
he felt the State Department had been of little help. The
coalition failed to persuade the department to bar some
of the 25 Aeroflot flights the Soviets plan to make to Los
Angeles during the Games.
"We get some off-the-record sympathy, and that's all,"
Firzer said.
One Reagan administration official said the `klite
House had received Soviet complaints about the coali-
tion, based on the assumption that "all countries can
control th'e things"
The official said the White House passed the com-
plaints on to the State Department and hadj'done noth
ing to encourage the coalition. He said the administre.
tion wanted the Soviets at the Olympic Games so that
President Reagan will have a 'world stage' on -which to
appear as an international leader in an election year.
David W. Balsiger, the coalition's national executive
. director, Orange Counts' advertising executive and au-
tbor, said the Aeroflot, flights were -approved through-
.,pressure from [Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Com.
mittee ' President Peter V.) Ueberroth on [presidential
counselor Michael K.] Deaver and others."
But Baisiger said that the addition of 2,000 Soviet
officials brought in on the Aeroflot flights 'may not be
such a disadvantage, because there will now be a lot
more opportunities for defections."
In its endeavors the coalition has secured the help of
several ov-ie oc defector partacuia~iy sormer .vovost~
for Congress and written two best-selling books later
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 Approved For Release WQ 8 1b1N 8 920
The %ashiugton Merry-Go-Round
$!;20 Million for
By Jack Anderson
and Les Whitten
The helter-skelter La['w
Administration, which/ is
order\ has spent abut S20
million looking in the iirror
reports annual reports,
special re orts, this reports,
thin repo ts, rep its with
plain cove s, re orts with
fancy covers Her are a few
? -Despite a ~ujleaucracy of
apparently cane pt produce its
outside help. I? our of the
agency's sere an ual reports
themseive
-Lovol University in Los
Angeles was aware ed a
$2`J:3,700 ,rant "to asse:.s the
need'' nor a looselea en-
cyclop.dia on law en-
"ex r's" worked on t
P"
asc. smenk. For allr th t
goon y. the taxpayers wour. 1
an LE i1A bookshelf. Said
L ,AA's own experts of the
C, cyclopedia. "There ',vas no
d'rnonstiated need for such a
ork and. therefore, no reason
by such a project should
.E:A ?1."
-LEAA is even supporting
kmerican crime problem. A
Jniversity of Tor on o
-ofessor, Walter Berns, ,On
A erican, is working o a
bo k "of interest to a ge ral
au 'once" tentatively/ en-
tirtl d "Crime and C alto!
Punic tment." 'fhe tax avers.
are fo ling the $57,6'3! ill for
the re- arch, and B rrs will
get the yalties, . if a? y.
-At A erican Un/versity in
Washingt n LEAA/is helping
former .C. Police Chief
Jerry W Ison write his
profession I ernoirs. A
generous St '3.8 a has been set
project analyying the past 10
efforts. 1l '0 will be paid
$48,-}63
-LEAA pent $17,-11 1.31 for
the work o Pres Intelligence
Services, Jnc., a 1~'ashinton
news cli ping s rvice. The
firm sends LEA,- copies of
national ress sto ies of in-
terest t the age ev. The
service Jcosts abo t $500 a
month.
--And $32.477 went oNolan
and 1,%hite Visual Com-
munica ors of Arlin ett . Va.,
to fins; ce the art :nor - and
design he format for tli six-
v'olum report of the Nat >nal
Advis. r- Commission on
Crimir it Justice Standard..
Foo note: Foote told o r
assoc ate Bob Owens that , is
cont acts for the annu. I
repo is were "for the entir
job.' Ile hired outside peop!
to a.'.:silt limn. Berns explainc?
th? trig knew of no pro ': i i:ri
ring hie from s.!iir.~ his
st ?dy to the genera! public. Ife
s :id, hn?.vevcr, that his
valties for ' schotarl..
~nrl?:s" have been minimal. A
poked?aa `or Prey
Intelligence Service said its
~ernment work was machine. The data thus would
cgjt~rt~er
atter.'~_W vere be instantly available to
ornputer Bank-1r,, an
ironic turnabout, the Bank of
America and other hard-nosed
cape- Rmists unwittingly have
been financing a computer
that spits out highly critical
information on their activities
in Latin America. It also
catalogues CIA missions south
of the border.
Sweet-talked into an
operation called "Keeping
Track of the Spies" were the
bank's foundation, the
Zellerbach Family Fund, the.
Irvine Foundation, the
Firemen's Fund Foundation
and other esteemed philan-
thropies.
A commune of computer
scientists called -Resource
One" convinced the foun-
datiors to cough up more than
5100,000 to computerize data
concerning free clinics and
other services for the sick and
needy.;
The young San Francisco
computer wizards accom -
plished the job brilliantly, but
took on an additional chore for
the left-wing. North American
Congress on f.atinAmerica.
The. Congress, known as
NACLA, sympathizes with
Cuban diet ator Fidel Castro
and collects newspaper tiles
on such rightist tyrannies as
Brazil and ('bite, on the CIA
and on U. S. economic
penetration of Latin America,
including the bank of
America.
t1'ith some coaxing, NACLA
out tiie lt'..-SOL Le One cor:]-
r,utet' sciei:arsts to start
fevt, NACLA's fill-s into the
second generation data
But before the project was
completed, Resource One's
corporate sponsors found out
about it and NACLA ran short
of money to help prepare the
data.
As a result, the "Keeping
Track of Spies" project has
been sidetracked. Most of the
foundations supporting
Resource One have cut their
ties. As a Resource One
spokesman delicately put it.
"These foundations
generously provided start-up
money. By mutual consent we
are no loner receiving
support from them."
Both NACLA and Resource
One denied reports that the
"'Spies" project was designed
10 give terrorists a computer
capability-Towaging war
against CIA and corporate
facilities in Latin America.
fitter I-ies The beer 3
sofa drink lobbies rece iv
eirct, ated a c
propag nda fabler as
art of
their r, uitimiliir.'
dollar
car-npaign to dernor.
;rate that
uregon's ti-litt
ln.y is a
clisnial flop.
But our o'.'
survey, whi cost its ah
si~:nteel`i not ai Oregon sat requiring
deposits o bottle aiiidcatis is
a roarin, success.
?,!on: a four-mile stretch of
V.eli- f'aveled lrigl ,ray in
ore~ on, we count ?d one
reside ni e-mile
r : it-lies in neighi> ring
\\/. -, ington and in hansa. we
re" ectiv&dv, 14 nd
r o'scarded t otties andca'nz
STAT
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 RADI
ve r el s GrpO1o 01315R0001
r" INC&
PROGRAM
Good Morning America
STATION
WJLA-TV
ABC Network
DATE
December 24, 1982
7:00 A.M.
CITY
Washington, D.C.
Global Bank Holiday/Investigation
JACK ANDERSON: At this holiday time, there's talk in
the back rooms of a more ominous holiday. The Central
Intelligence Agency is investigating the feasibility of a global
bank holiday. CIA agents haF'e been secretly interviewing
financial tycoons about the prospects. This may be the best way
to pull out of the international monetary crisis. CIA experts
figure that if the banks closed down temporarily around the
world, they won't have to close down permanently.
And here's the problem. International bankers have
extended $500 billion in loans to developing countries. Of this,
U.S. banks hold about 150 to 200 billion dollars in bad paper.
But the continuing worldwide recession has hit the developing
Third World countries right in their treasuries. They don't have
a prayer of repaying the money they've borrowed. They can't
even, in some cases, meet their interest payments.
The debtor nations have only two choices. They can
default on their loans or they can borrow more money to pay the
interest and principal as it comes due. Up to now, the
international bankers have preferred to lend their customers more
money so they won't default. In some circles this is known as
throwing good money after bad.
Well, you might say,, "Too bad for the bankers. They
made bad loans. Let them suffer the consequences."
Unfortunately, it's not that simple. Many of their gigantic
loans are guaranteed by the Federal Government. In other words,
the taxpayers will have to bail out the banks.
And why does the CIA worry about all this? Well, the
spy agency is the one that gathers information on the secrets of
OFFICES IN VJASHINGptpro~ved.Fgr F e~ e se.20~( ip,1E ES C1 15 Q T10Q5?AW ER PRINCIPAL CITIES
 Approved For F p 2 / 3 Jq@*
8- JUL X76
88-01315R000100520001-9
Inquiry on Intelligence Crimes Asked
The Association of the Ear of the City of New York
released a report urging the appointment of a temporary
special prosecutor to investigate possible crimes committed
by Federal intelligence-agency employees. George M.
Hasen, chairman of the association's committee on civil
rights, said that recent Congressional committee hearings
had uncovered sufficient evidence of criminal activity by
intelligence employees to justify a "full, fair and impartial
investigation."
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 /t7ICL AX'S roved For Releas N&MI ,P~li4e RDP88-01
CN_P14G;'A-26'
N.Y. Bar Seeking
Intelligence Probe
NFW YORK. July (UPI)-
.,The Civil Rights Committee
of the Association of the
Bar of the City of New York
today released a report urg-
ing appointment of a tempo-
rary special prosecutor to
investigate possible crimes
committed by employees of
federal intelligence agen-
cies.
At a news conference at
the bar's headquarters,
George M. Ilasen, chairman
of the committee, said there
was evidence that, over a
Ion;, period of time, senior
officials in the CIA and FBI
were involved in activities
which violated statutory law
and the constitutional rights
of American citizens.
Among these, he said,
were the use of wiretaps
and infiltration of such or-
ganizations of the Southern
Christian Leadership Con-
ference.
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 ;r 4' R N E W YORK DAILY NEWS
G _ Approved For Release//0j'. CIA-RDP88-01315R0
Probe y Agencies: Bar Undt
The appointment of a special federal prosecutor to probe
possible crimes against citizens by federal intelligence agencies
was urged yesterday by the Civil Rights Cotnmi,ttee of the
Association of the Bar of the City of New York.
Conianittee chiarrman George 11. Hansen said, "There is evi-
-dence that over a long period of time senior officials in the CIA
and FBI were involved in activities which violated statutory law
,and the constitutional rights of American citiznes." Hansen li-
kenedclrovert intelligence agency actions,y,as revealed recently by
congressional probers, to the Watergate coverup. The request for
the special prosecutor will be sent to various congressmen for
endorsement.- --Edward Kirkman
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 STAT Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt
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 STAT
,.--.Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R0p0100520001-9
HOUSTON CHRONICLE
4 SEPTEMBER 1977
1 Aft MA
VT. Of M, edicine - doesn
sponsored by: ?fhe Central Intelligence arch projects under way.- He 'said-: There has beers other research` aE Bay-
Washington eft .Baylor College of Medi- dregs and chemical techniques used in the lie detector research was carried on
interrogation and-brainwashing. the, records as being done for the Air.
tine doesn't Want. to know any details During the nerind of igi LT[ TRA_ ' Force Office of Scientific Research;
Agency (CIA) ? k ,. only one, the. lie detector research, was for which lists the%AFOSR as thecontrac
other; institutioas,,around the, country. research was - done - at . Baylor -and. at.:... Burch also, was the principal research-.
L--' letter.:1h4k. the school was - ane' of - 44 Sciences (TRfl IS). The principal - scien- that he does not believe they were funded
colleges and universities the agency used List, Dr. Neil. Burch, has-said-. that, the by the CIA:"but I cannot be 100 per cent,
human behaViore No details on- the' re- reliable polygraph than that alreaay, in 'Weaver said thecontracts appear to be
searc r and What it entailed were sup- use was not developed. "legitimate" Air Force-ones and that
pliedby:the CIA:;Weaver said the college On at least -some of the' -MKULTRA''-Baylor is not making any inquiries of the
"assumes" the research referred t was projects, the CIA attempted to cover up. CIA about those projects or any others..
or provide any.otner inmmauion.. -- ,
Some otherunive cities;. concerned that
they were unwittingly used by the CIA
for mind control: experiments have insist,
asked for spetifcs are Columbia,' Prince-
research conducted there. ' ~ .
Documents released by the CIA on lts:
which drugs=were used on patients with-
out their lnowwledge. - The site of the
experiments and identity of the research
millions of dollars during the. 19505: and.
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 Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-013156000100520001-9
rca
Central Intelligence Agency would let them know, they would give us,
'The--US
.
,
rmd7L'niversityof Texas what -they .could;". he said.
f
i
n
o
(CIA) has
CIA",
(UT) System officials in Austin that an System officials contacted the'
unidentified UT component- institution requesting access to relevant. files, and
the CIA wrote back.last week to say,`
was involved in: secret- CIA sponsored "Some of the material they can make
psychological research known as the MK available, some they can't," Hardesty
ULTRA-project. said:-i"The whole situation is very vague
:-Bob Hardesty; deputy chancellor for the Jo us,'.' he added.
Baylor College of Medicine and Univer
UT System, said Friday that the
although the ,' sity of. Houston. (UH) officials received I
id that "
.
received:Aug. 12, sa
more highly phblicized portion- of the similar letters last month which indicat-
researcl concerned -:testing'.of drugs on ed they also might have engaged m the
humans;. most of the research did not secret research.
involve such testing,:-but rather far less Baylor spokesman Frank Weaver said
controversial investigations into aspects that school officials were aware of x`-
-of', human behavior. .and its determi- project, 'which . originally: was funded'.by"
nants." .y 'w '~ ', .' ?t the U.S. Air Force and subsequently. was
The CIA revealed Aug 3 that, In the declared by the CIA to be supported by
1950s arid '60s, it.- channeled $25 million the agency. =
through -front foundations to 44 colleges -The project, which, involved using cer-
and universities across the country. , taro:drug` stimulants and depressants on
-Hardesty said, .7"1`he UT System does fully informed volunteer medical and
not know which. of,:'its--institutions was college. students, tested the effects of the
supposei to have = .been involved, the drugs on lie detector tests and had no
specific Ynature of the research or the .:,adverse - effects on -the participants,.
individuals supposedly involved." Weaver said.-After "checking.. and re-
.,-;He said the letter indicated that further checking" Baylor records, he said,
information would be supplied upon re- "That's the only. project it would have
quest, and the university had beezt await been
ing more facts before, releasing news oft Dr Philip G. Hoffman, president of
the letter. UH,. said - that-- the "university., has no
the CIA) indicated 4,hat if we record of CIA-funded research because
"routinely destroys
;~ ; ` _ - '.the university
records. of research three to five years ;
t. after a final report.(of results) is submit-
HOUSTON CHRONICLE
3 SEPTEMBER 1977
Hoffman said the' CIA told -him th
-involve experiments 'with: drugs{r .,
projects','.
project were destroyed by the agency in -?
1973...
,Privacy Act may. forbid-release of the
MK-ULTRA and that-it currently is. .seek--
i n g:y:an opinion; . #rom 'the 'Justice
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SLAT
 Approved For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-01315R000
April 22, 1976
Mr. Joseph Tanenbaum
Bayside Kiwanis Club
43-29 Bell Blvd.
Bayside, New York 11361
Dear Mr. Tanenbaum,
Thank you very much for your letter inviting a
representative of the Central Intelligence Agency to
speak to the Bayside Kiwanis Club. I am sorry to tell
you that we do not have anyone available to be with
you on the dates you suggested. It is possible that
we could provide a speaker at a liter date if your
group is still interested in hearing from the Agency.
Again, my thanks for your invitation and my
apologies for our unusually long delay in responding.
Sincerely,
STAT
Deputy Assistant
to the Director
kss
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 Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
KIWANIS CLUB OF BAYSIDE, Inc.
Bayside, New York
Meets every Thursday 12:15 noon
Douglaston Club, Douglaston, N. Y.
March 11, 1976
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Personnel
Washington, D. C. 20505
Gentlemen:
I am the President of The Bayside Kiwanis Club and I am
trying to arrange to have a speaker from your agency
speak before a luncheon meeting in connection with the
work of your agency.
We meet every Thursday for lunch at the Douglaston Club
in Queens and at the present time we have dates available
in April, May and June.
I would appreciate it if you would call 1pon receipt of
this letter to arrange for a date for . a peaker.
Very trul"? yours,
,111 ~.l
~
JT :mg
Joseph nenbaum
Business Address
43-29 Bell Boulevard
Bayside, New York 11361
[phone]
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I
 ,j-1 UNCLASSIFIED
0111
^ CONFIDENTIAL [] SECRET
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM:
EXTENSION
--
NO.
OP/RD 211 Magazine Bldg.
F
DATE
22 March 1976
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and
building)
DATE
OFFICER'S
COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
RECEIVED
FORWARDED
INITIALS
to whom. Draw a line across column after each comment.)
Mr. Thuermer
A/DCI 1-F-04 HQ
1. Believe this was meant for
2.
your office.
C/RD/OP
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
FORM USE PREVIOUS
3-62 610 EDITIONS ^ SECRET [] CONFIDENTIAL USE ONLY UNCLASSIFIED
0 INTERNAL
U ONLY
STAT
 Tough Slog
Megabuilder Bechtel
Tries to Stay on Top
By Being Aggressive
As Huge Jobs Grow Fewer,
It Drums U New Work
qq'l
nd Stresses; Financing
So Bechtel is plunging Into the hotly com-
petitive market for smaller construction
jobs. It is positioning itself for future growth
in new technological and geographical mar-
kets. Perhaps most important, it is honing
its skills in a practice known as "financial
engineering." Like a car dealer who helps
customers get auto loans, but on a far
grander scale, Bechtel now will search the
globe for billions of dollars so that cash-
strapped customers can build their proj-
ects.
"It's almost typical now," says Alden
Yates, who succeeded George Schultz as
Bechtel's president In May 1983, after Mr.
Schultz became secretary of-state. In much
of the Third World,. "you can't get a job un-
Nobody Does It Better.
By Vicroa F.-: ZoNANA " tional' "investors; government -financed ex
StafffReporterof THE WALL STREET JOURNAL port-credit agencies, and internationaldevel-
SAN FRANCISCO The megabuilding-. opment organizations. "Nobody does a bet
business Is undergoing megachanges. ter job [than Bechtel] -of putting together
Bechtel Group -Inc. built itself. into the complex financing packages," says William
world's biggest engineering and construction - Deasy, the president of Morrison-Knudson
company through technological excellence, Co., ,a Bechtel - cnmpetit9r, -based in Bolse,
a reputation for completing tough jobs on Idaho.
time and within budgets. and, some say, a To smooth relations with export-credit
knack for making friends in high places -agencies around the world, Bechtel recently.
But those attributes aren't enough any hired John L. Moore Jr., former head of the
more for the world-wide builder of pipelines, U.S. Export-Impart Bailk, as executive vice
power plants, refineries, mines, - dams and president of Bechtel Financing Services
i other huge projects. Energy conservation, Inc., the company's financing arm. Mr,
high interest-rates, foreign competition and Moore joined a large roster of former gov-
.:the world debt crisis'all are taking their toh-= ernment officials in Bechtel's pay, including
on Bechtel. , To stay on ;top, the company, former CIA director Richard Helms and for
must adapt to a business-' elimate far i mer deputy energy secretary
. enneffi
harsher than the petrodollar prosperity that Davis, both of whom. are Bechtel consul-
prevailed during the 19706. tants. (In addition
Mr. Schultz and defense
secretary Caspar Weinberger were Bechtel
executives between.stints in government.)
* * * * * * * *
EXCERPT. D,'
ARTIc1 p Release 2004/14413, : $pP,JU} Qj l5R000
ON PAGE 16 October 1984
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 STAT
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LAM
ON
TIME
12 July 1982
The Master Builders from Bechtel
A secretive construction giant enters the limelight
T he California-based engi-
neering and construction
firm from which Secretary of
State-designate George Shultz
resigned as president two
weeks ago is one of the true
,
anomalies of American busi- 0 *
ness, a globe-girdling behe-
moth that operates throughout
the U.S. and 20 foreign coun-
tries, but a company so private
and unobtrusive in its ways
that most people have never
even heard of it. Yet the pri-
vately owned and operated
Bechtel Group Inc. of San
Francisco (1981 billings: $11.4
billion) has probably done
more to transform the land-
scape of America and the world than any
other company of this century. Among
their. many engineering extravaganzas,
Bechtel's master builders have helped to
design and construct everything from the
Hoover Dam and the San Francisca-
Oakland Bay Bridge to the trans-Al"
pipeline and the Washington metro sub-
way system
As a private, family-run corporation,
Bechtel has maintained a cloak of secrecy
rivaled only by modern-day monarchies.
Still, some new insights about this prodi-
gious builder are almost certain to emerge
during Shultz's Senate confirmation hear-
ings later this month. Most of the atten-
tion is expected to focus on Bechtel's long-
standing ties to the Middle East,
especially Saudi Arabia, which helped the
company to land the job of construction
BECHTEL'S GLOBAL
REACH
Major company projects over the years
^ Power plants
X Mines
oil andsaaproiecQlpproved Fc
? Industrial, commercial sitar;
pipelines, factories, airports, hotels
manager on the Saudis" Pr-
gantuan Jubail development
project (see following story).
To help nurture its friend-
ships both in the- U.S. and
abroad, Bechtel over the years
has benefited from the aid of a
stunning array of officials and
advisers with excellent Gov-.
over the construction of a New Jersey.
pipeline. The firm was further embar-
rassed in 1977, when it installed a 420-ton -
nuclear-reactor vessel backwards at a San
Onofre, Calif., power plant.
Bechtel began life virtually as a one-
man operation, when a young German
rancher named Warren A. Bechtel decid-
ed in 1898 to hire himself out with his
mules to help construct a railroad line
through Indian territory. The company
established its name nationally in 1931 by
helping to lead the eight-company con-
sortium that built the Hoover Dam.
Warren Bechtel's son, Stephen Sr.,
prospered during World War II by build-
ing Liberty ships. At war's end, Bechtel..
expanded his company's pipeline work
and moved into oil refineries and later
into nuclear plants. In 1960 Bechtel hand-
ed control of the firm over to his only son
Steve Jr., who holds the titles of chairman
and chief executive officer and last week took back the title of president as well, af-
ter Shultz's resignation.
As the business has grown, the Bech-
tels have become - one of the world's,
wealthiest families. Steve Sr., now 81, is:
said to be worth upwards of S750 million,..
while Steve Jr., 57, has a personal fortune..,
estimated to exceed S200 million.
Last week Steve Jr. tried to belittle his
firm's easy access to world leaders:.Said-
he after returning from a fishing the th'.
the trout streams of Alaska: Abnlyfee1
is appropriate to see leadetswt .. therm
business to conduct and.t is worth their'
time." ChatacWnsUcaW lsei XZeb;
tioned in passing a Aiw~. istber
simple by Bechtel-`standards; that..:thef
company had just-announced- .the :can"
struction of a $100: million company of-
fice building tn- 4awntown -!Oakland,
Calif ..-B)'Ale ooderL TayierL Fhpprbdby
Bob& jaadJm"*J)(ana/SaeFradsm
ernment.contacts. At one time
or another these have includ-
ed:- former
chairman of the Atomic er-
gS y Commission and later lima
of the CIA under John Kenne-
dy Johnson;
Parker Hart, former Ambassa-
dor to Saudi Arabia, and
Charls Walker, Deputy, Secre-
tary of the Treasury under Richard Nix-
on. Today two powerful members of the
Reagan Administration are former top
Bechtel officers: Defense Secretary Cas-
par Weinberger and Deputy Secretary of
Energy W. Kenneth Davis.
Often Bechtel's blue-ribbon execu-
tives are in a position HEW:, is
and spot opportunities he com-
pany a jump on its com utos. For ex-
!e week Company Chairman
Ste hen Bechtel Jr. recalled that ex-CIA
Chief Richard m
tart was able to help it head on potenuat
losses in Iran in the late 1970L-
Despite its reputation for finishing
complex jobs on time and under budget,
Bechtel has occasionally stumbled. Some
employees were publicly involved in a
bribery scheme ten or twelve years ago
 Approved For Release 2 P'1OLU MLDAMP88-01315R 6520001-9
ART:I CT :] '.."T12RED
ON PAGE -"/ v uvii
Bechtel: A Reclusive Giant
_ its ra through three genera- one of the world's richest families as a
bons of Bechtels. It issued its first an- result of their company's enormous
nual report only three years ago and success - control 40 percent of the
Shultz ' s Move company executives even now are concern's stock and has in re-
IGi s hesitant to grant interviews. share the rest. The company
1 Yet the cloak of secrecy that has en- cent years broadened its reach over-in Indonesia and
FelopingyAsi regions and
bit is expected toentb of e sothereae.devveloping
P~uts Spotlight liftloped eda Bechtel the
by
1 George P. Shultz, its president until the Arabic Middle East. It has par-
8ileer two weeks ago, to replace Alexander tially shed the reclusive habits that
0 ii M. Haig Jr. as Secretary of State. occasionally invited political c:ontro-
As conflicts In Lebanon and Iraq versy and it has diverted portions of
ring cash reserves into part-
on
By THOMAS C. HAYES
sp,ldwT eNs YatTlmes
LOS ANGELES, July 7 - It started
out small and unobtrusively when a
resourceful German rancher named
Walter A. Bechtel in 1898 hired out
himself and a pack of mules to help
build a railroad. From such meager
beginnings, the tiny California con-
struction company blossomed into the
giant of the engineering and construc-
tion Indust , its builders dotting the
landscape of the world with such engi-
neering marvels as the Hoover Dam,
the trans-Alaska pipeline and the
Washington subway system. .
Although no longer small (only gov-
ernments can pay for most of the
kinds of things it builds today). the
privately owned Bechtel Group Inc.
has striven mightily to retain the re-
clusive ways that have characterized
threaten to recast American interests its mo
in the Middle East, Mr. Shultz's ac- nerships and investments outside ion
tivities at Bechtel involving Arab na- the engineering and construct
tions are expected to attract close realm. ..
scrutiny by the Senate Foreign Rela- year. Bechtel reorganized its
tons: Committee at con corporate structure to allow firmer
eariiigs scheduled nextweekrmation . control of its myriad projects. At the,
Shell='s International Contacts top of the Bechtel totem pole is Se-
Certain to draw fire are Bechtel's quoia Ventures, which holds the fami-
long and controversial links to Saudi ly's shares in the company (Sequoia
Arabia, which aided the company in also owns 80 percent of Dillon, Read &
obtaining the construction manager Company, a New York investment
job on the Saudis' big Jubail develop- bank). Beneath Sequoia is the Bechtel
ment project. As the company's p`r esi- Group, a holding company comprised
dent, Mr. Shultz brought vital con- ~ of three main operating arms - in pe-,?
tacts with officials of foreign govern- . troleum engineering, power engLnwr
ments, particularly the Middle East, lag and civil engineering and mining.,_
when soaring oil prices gave the ever- There is a fourth operant thtt
ggyyproducing nations billions of dol- hunts fot inviting p1
tars to spend on construction projects. group's :more y. and rustles up new
Mr. Shultz, in fact, has publicly business.
questioned the. President's pro-Israel Of Bechtel`s.projects valued at $50
stand. ,if I have any differences with million and above, half are outside the
Reagan." . he said. during the . _1980 -' 'United States. The company has
Presidential election campaign, .:it's; never been involved in a project in Is-
about Middle Eastern policy" as set rael. This is partly a matter of politics
and. partly. of economics. Arab states
forth then by Mr. Reagan in a speech ban contracts with any American sup-
before B'aai B'rith. her that does work in Israel. Then, eight In his whicyears with the Bechtel oo, Israel's own construction tech-
Group,illwion hich last reported Mr. Shultz ac- nology is so advanced, and its work
d lyear. ear. as a an S ehffectiveac- force so sophisticated, that the coun-
quired a reputation
prag try has has been able to do most major
p
ace ra and gmatic polished sheed m polished ma.anner His also familiar made building projects within its borders on
him a welcome and influential stand- its own.
and-bearer for Bechtel in the capital Because of its Arab ties, Bechtel has
cities of the Middle East. Mr. Shultz is
credited by, associates with helping aroused the suspicions of Israeli sup-
what may be the world's largest wn- porters. In 1976, it became the only.
company accused by the Justice De-
struction pol ti companycal to adapt a sweep rtment of refusing to subcontract onomic ice echel (son once B changes. work to companies blacklisted by the
Bechtel (pronounced BECK led is Arab League of Nations. The Justice
Step controlled rolled and Jr aggressively ssively years by Department suit charged that Bechtel hen D. who is the chairman and chief es and four of its divisions, or, subsidi-
execu- aries had refused, at least since 1971.
five officer o of ! the the company, g the aried who o
has also assumed the title of press- : CONTIl 7 j~' j
dent- Mr. Bechtel, trained as an engi-
neer and with a Master's degree from
the Stanford Business School. took
control of the company in 1960, suc-
ceeding his father, Stephen Bechtel
Sr. The father led the company to
prosperity during World War II by
building Liberty ships, and after the
war shifted Bechtel into oil refineries
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uing to later its pipe
The Bechtels - who have become
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to subcontract work in the Middle called one close Shultz aide, who nuclear power plants; .bolding holding more
East to American companies black- asked not to be identified. "There was than 40 percent of the business in the-
listed by the Arab league as part of never any hard selling. George would- United States. Projects include con-
their economic boycott of Israel. n't have anything to do with that." struction of the Diablo Canyon plant in
The dispute was settled out of court But his close friendships, first de- San Luis Obispo, Calif., and the
a year later when Bechtel agreed to a veloped when he was President Nix- -cleanup at the site of the nation's"
consent decree stating it would not on'sTreasury Secretary, with influen- worst nuclear accident three years
participate in an Arab boycott. Bech- tial Middle Eastern officals were a ago at Three Mile Island near Harris-
tel subsequently sought to change its clear asset, said David T. Mizrahi, burg, Pa.
1 ds ?in i line con-
e
l
l
~ 6, LI _115 l.v..r.v..., - --J -_-- "--
scope of the Sherman Antitrust Act. A . York. Among those friends are Sheik
Federal judge, however, signed the Ahmed Zaki Yamani, the Saudi oil
consent judgment in 1979. minister, and Mohammed All Aba al-
In 1978, Bechtel was rumored t4.be Khail, the Saudi Minister of Finance
r _. and the National liar wi a en ra Economy.
Intelligence
icy. Ac thetime, it wassrrapi_d_l_x-- "I doubt very much if he tried to use
pig mternatiena actavitcta ies Fagg his influence directly in acquiring con-
it.- hired Richard Helms the ormer tracts," said William E. Leonhard,
Director of Ce~ tit ltnte 1i nceI as a ? chairman, president and chief execu-
Moreover, Jo n~A-c ne l for sons competes directly against Bec
of Central Intelligence in the Kennedy tel in Saudi Arabia and in other devel-
and ohnsan Adiin-lnistratonsalso is Aping countries.
a farmer~e~Fc itel?executXe shtei Until late in 1980, Mr. Shultz trav-
has__repeatet)ly._ dezite~any involve- eled abroad about once a month. Out-
ment.in,C i A a ctMies. side Bechtel, he was an economic ad-
Defense Secretary Caspar W. Wein- viser to Mr. Reagan during his can-
berger, who has strongly criticized Is- they and, following the election, as
rael for its siege of Beirut, was Bech- a member, of his transition team. He
tel's general counsel and reported to also taught' a course on public man-
Mr. Shultz when he left to join the agement at the Stanford Business
Reagan Cabinet in 1981. ,, School-near his home in Palo Alto,
Mr. Shultz, who was Treasury Sec- . Calif.
retary and, earlier Labor Secretary in It was Mr. Bechtel, according to a
the Nixon Administration said he company spokesman, Larry Thomas,
would not comment on his role at who was the more peripatetic of the
Bechtel and United States interests in two. (Mr. Bechtel, who rarely grants
the Middle East until the confirmation interviews, refused requests for com-
hearings. Former colleagues at the ment.) But, with Bechtel's shift to a
company's sleek headquarters at 50. holding company structure late in
Beale Street in San Francisco's fins..; 1980, Mr. Shultz took a more formal
cial district, however, took pains tQ'.~ role in developing international busi-
note that while the Middle East took ness. Since then, he has spent about
on growing importance after... Mr. half of his business time out of the
Shultz's arrival in April 1974, it con- country.
tributes a comparatively small por- In addition, Mr. Shultz was given re-
tion of Bechtel's global assignments. sponsibility for Bechtel's low-key pub-
Bechtel'sMiddleEastIles lic and governmental affairs. It was
Last year, with projects ran under his direction that the annual re-
from the $3.2 billion King Khalia trc- ports began, including billings, new
ternational Airport in Riyadh to the orders and highlights from its 11 divi-
industrial city of Jubail in Saudi Ara- sions. The $11.4 billion in billings
Bechtel reported last year was up 50
and now grown to an estimated $20 bil- put
would it among the 30 largest in-
dustrial -- the Middle East accounted for companies in the nation. New
12 percent of the number of Bechtel orders, however, fell 9 percent to $10.6
contracts amounting to more than $50 billion. Profits are not disclosed.
million? In Washington Bechtel took a big-
hi
s ,
That ratio is holding steady t
ific ger role in trade associations and international economics, .labor issues
i
P
h
A
ac
s
a/
e
year. In what it calls t
backed the Reagan tax cut program. and finance. r ~~ t<
region, the figure was higher last year
at 15 percent. Bechtel officials said However, Mr. Shultz scuttled a bid by Also,. Mr. - Shultz's understated
that while orders in both?the Middle some Bechtel managers to press for pragmatic manner fit well with an or
East and the Asian nations are ex- retention of Federal funding of syn- ganization dominated by engineers
pected to increase, the pace through- thetic fuels projects, according to a who had worked their to the top man-
out the Pacific is rising faster. Bechtel Bechtel source. A builder of refineries aging the' mammoth' projects that
does business in Taiwan, South Korea, ; for synthetic fuels producers, Bechtel were Bechtel's staple. There' was
Indonesia, Australia and New. Guinea had much to. gain. Mr. Shultz, how- never any question, however, that it
and has prepared several studies ; ever, said that along with the rest of was Mr. Bechtel who was always in
projects in China. the country, Bechtel had to sacrifice charge, . several executives pointed
to make the Reagan plan work. out.
Mr. Shultz spurned the role of high-.
level deal maker with Saudi royalty Finally, he took responsibility for
and leaders of other nations, former Bechtel's increasing investments out-
associates at Bechtel said. side of engineering and construction.
"It was like doing general advertis- Bechtel has especially dominated
ing, establishing a presence," re- the engineering and construction of
so ea p p
a
Bechte
struction. It built the 800-mile trans-
Alaska pipeline, and has also built
several in the Middle East. Its first ef-
fort there, in 1947, was a 1,068-mile
pipeline for crude oil from the Persian'
Gulf through Saudi Arabia, Jordan
and Syria to the port of Sidon in Leba-
When new orders for nuclear power''
dried up in the late 1970's, Bechtel pur-
sued new business in oil refineries,
pipelines, airports and even full-scale
industrial cities within the oil-produc-
ing nations in Asia, Africa, the Middle
East and South America.
The restructuring in late 1980 was
meant to clarify reporting lines and
delegate authority into smaller corpo-
rate units. The idea was to encourage'
Bechtel managers to react more
quickly. to what Mr. Bechtel, Mr.
Shultz and other top executives antics=
pated would be new opportunities and -
increased competition for Bechtel
worldwide.
--Push Toward Developing Nations -
"Newly industrialized countries are
capturing a bigger share of world
markets, and will probably be produc-
ing 25 percent of the world's goods by-
the end of the decade," Mr. Bechtel
told a gathering of Bechtel managers-
this spring. "We must identify these :
new areas and be more aggressive
selling ourselves in these difficult
markets."
It was in setting the new strategy
that Mr. Shultz made his influence
felt, in part through his analysis of in-.
ternational economics and his profes--
sorial knack of soliciting opinions and .
directing . strategy discussions at
meetings of, Bechtel's seven-member.
executive committee, according to
one member, Steven V. White. -
Mr. White said that it was not Mr.
Shultz's government contacts alone.'
that caught Mr. Bechtel's eye, but
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Diversifying Moves
-
With Mr. Bechtel. and Mr. Shultz
taking a direct role, the company
broke ranks from its competitors and
began to parcel a portion of its grow-
ing cash reserves into fields unrelated
to the construction business.
The first move came in 1977, when
Bechtel acquired 15 percent of the
Peabody Coal Company, the nation's
largest coal company. Bechtel later
bought a 10 percent interest in the un-
developed acreage owned by the Mesa
Petroleum Company, and a 25 percent
interest in developing oil and gas
leases held by the Lear Petroleum
Company.
Last year, it acquired an 80 percent
interest in Dillon, Read, a move made.
in part to help Bechtel assemble the
multimillion-dollar financing pack-
ages required to sell its engineering_
and consulting projects.
Arabla,
Saudi Arabian hte
,c arded $ construction
manage Meritcontraat#sir
the' biiiior?8hradhinierna-
tinnai port... ... s ....:.
1~alm.
Bechtel lritprn&lonaicom.
aiort tlpdee na deu-
Oervjaeconstruct of e~
0-rr~e a att i la
n arihe Egyptian caplt
a $468 tlilllion ftrok t
OW:
eared his WorlQ pnlr; :
jiite'dPressXntennaU l
eorj li' chultz
Riyedtt, audiArabia
Contracted to plan and de-
[ sign a $10 millionaflirportin
the Sauii capita!
Arzew, Algeria
Contracted tocomplete a
liquefied natural gels project
that pro s t million cubic
feet of l.n.g. edgy;:;
Jubali, Saudl Arabia
Signed 2#Year agreement
for managementand enpi-
neering setk4Cee far the SS
billion lnduetvlei jectlit
thin small fishing harbor on
the Pe sian Gulf
Abu Dhabi
Awarded a>$400 million con.
tractfor engineering, pro-
curement and construction
management of two natural
aasprd plants.
Yanbu, Sau' Ara bia
Namedprime a itraciorto
conductengineer .9 1".
developCOstestimates
' to r ai large petrochemi cal
complex atthisRed B '
pore: ,.....
Abu? Dhabl
Shared a $550 million cp+t-
tractwithChiy eChemical
Engir,~of?Japanforar '
yas-g project inDg;s
island inthei elrelanGuit
Bec htelalsottsndledthe
development pf~pe fields at
the Buhasa and R waisu l ter
minateinAbuDl-abi _ ns Ieaseit2A04
and participating in assassii-
"t hen functions and duties as
o
L T
/' ;..._ n.' mple of such
"other `-nt sns," Colby said,
was the CIA's part Li plan-
ning the ill-fated Bay of Pigs
invasion of Cuba in 1961.
But Colby said he expected
the noninieiligence functions
of the CI--A to diminish in
future years.
- "last year," he said, "Con-
gress turned down by a 3-to-1
margin a oiil that would have
barred toe CIA from any
ligence ?.. er'c."
But he said that Congress
had passed a bill allowing
other projects "only if the
President finds it in the inter-
est of national security."
Even at that, Colby said, the
new law requires information
about such activit;-e'? i^ be
passed o to congressional
commit.ees.
Colby, a graduate of
Princeton University and Co-
lumbia University's law
school, was an espionage
agent in ".V orld War II. After
a brief practice'of law, he i
joined the CIA in the Korean
War. -
Ills most controversial tour
of duty was in the late 1960s,
when he was responsible for
operation Phoenix, a program
aimed at killing key Viet
Cong members in Vietnam.
The P,-Fenix program is
said _o `r- been responsible
tar the kitiing of more than
20,0(0 Vietnamese over a peri-
od of 'ye-:s that started be-
fore Colby took over.
In te-ti^:ony before the
Senate Foreign Relations
Corrimit_e in 1970, Colby ad-
mitted there had been some
abuses in the program.
In other remarks during
and after the press briefing
yesterday, Colby:
(1) Confirmed he had of-
i On}irtuec
feted to help the Deparrrnent
of Justice investigate a report
that E. Howard Hunt, a ;Vat-
ergate burglary conspirator
and a former CIA agent had
told associates that a senior
White House official in the
Administration of former
President Richard M. Nixon
had instructed Hunt to assas.
sinate columnist Jack Ander-
son. I knew nothing about it
until Sunday when I read ii in
the Washington Post," Colby
said.
(2) Said the CIA office in
downtown St. Louis had only
two functions: to keep in
touch with Americans who
have business or professional
relationships abroad and to
interview job applicai-.ts arid
CIA contractors.
(3) Called for strengthening
a law that prohibits govern-
ment agents or former agents
from leaking intelligence in
formation. }
(4) Complained that the
free society in the United 1
States made intelligence gath-
ering easy for Cornrnuniist
nations. "The Soviet military
attache can go to the street
corner and pick up a copy of
Aviation Week," Colby said.
And just by thumbing.
through it, he can learn that
our country spends billions of
dollars to find out a out his
country's activities."
(6) Said the CIA, which
once was said to have owned
five airlines, was getting out
of that business. He said the
agency might still have one
air company but added, "We
don't need it anymore. We
have a different kind' of op-
eration, now." Colby said he
had flown to St. Louis on a.
commercial airliner.
Colby defended his conten-.'
nation plots against foreign I
heads of state, most notably l the National Security Council
r..,_, r.-- -- -e _~_ ! r!irert.S_"
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SAC. r ?r_;_
21; Sc ;FT': .='1' 1975
William E. Colby
budget of $750 million.
"I have taken the position I
can't comment on that. 1'o do
so would provide the starting
nformation from which all
other information could be
obtained," he said.
On the need for secrecy,
Colby said: "We don't take
the position that nothing can
be revealed, but we also don't
believe that everything should
be revealed."
Colby explained that his
trip to St. Louis to meet
informally with+an group of
Sr. Louis leaders was part of
his responsibility to make
sure Americans know the na-
ture of the CIA's intelligence-
gathering efforts and the im-
portance of continuing them.
COI:BY.-.VHO has taken a-
new, opCn _._.nce as CIA
director, s.i"l he `:as not done
injc:h :raveling, and has been
out of his office in Langley,
\'a., prethaps I) or 12 times
Burin' the year or year-
and-a-hal t.
(Richard M. Helms and
other former CIA directors
have been somewhat inacces-
sible to newsmen, and efforts
have been made to mask the
agency's budget and even the
agency's physical location in
the Washington, D.C., area.)
Colby said there are "many
necessary secrets in our busi-
ness," but added: "We have a.
lot of secrets in America and
we respect them.
"We have secrecy of the
ballot, secrecy in grand jury.
testimony. We are a lot like
you newsmen. ` e must pro-
tect the sources of our irtelli-
gence just like a newsman. If
you expose those sources, you
won't be able to use there
anymore."
COLBY DENIED any
knowledge of a report that E.
Howard Hunt was order---d to
assassinate .syndicated col-
umnist Jack Anderson when
Hunt was a CIA agent.
"I never heard anything
about that until Sunday morn-
ing when I read it in the.
V/ashington Post." he said.
Colby said he looked into
the report within the CIA, but
could find no one to substanti-
ate the allegation-
fiunt reportedly fold his
former CtA associates that i
the order to kill Anderson was
canceled at the h. st minute,
but only after a plan had beer,
devised to make the column-
ist's death appear accidental-
Colby, when as';el about -t
CIA office in St. I.%tis, replied
that it has two functions - to
stay in touch with area in-
formants and to `investigate
applications of contractors
who want to do business with
us."
COLBY WOULD not say
who the contractors were,
other than to indicate tat
might be doing business wi
the government in. an intel
gence-gathering capacity.
tie said the CIA's domes*
.1Cttv'ities, which have brough
charge that the agency ha
been spying on citizens, hav
diminished considerably.
the agency has been doing
"other things than pi;Le Intel
tigence" and all have beer
within federal laws ? overnini
the CIA, Colby said.STAT`
F>v LES'PE.ARSON
Globe-Democrat Staff Wiit?r
Recent investigations of the
Central intelligence Agency
have seriously hampered in.
c: ;l: nce-t it.ler in 'xCi !t!?S
(:f the agency ar''und the
.rorld, CIA Director '4'iiiiam
E. Colby says.
But the. agency's work must
continue for the good of the
country, he said here Tues-
day.
"THERE IS much intelli-
Bence that is accessible that
we can't get now because the
other side is aware of our
method or operation," Colby
told newsmen at a press
conference in the St. Louis
Club.
Colby said there is some
loss of information because
they have been alerted to
the fact that, we're able to
obtain it."
And he said foreign agents
who have helped the CIA now
are saying, "I'm sorry. I
can't continue to do this,"
because of pressures prn-
duced by recent exposure of
the agent's methods.
But, he said, "We live, even
here in St. Louis, within 30
minutes of a nuclear missile,
-and we have to know what
kind of missiles to expect in
-the future."
COLBY SAID the CIA
needs to maintian up-to-date
information on such things as
'weaponry in order to main.?
lain adequate U.S. Jetenses.
Colby refused in say which.
_r the CIA nos an annual
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5txt~ (ff)ibgrPxLYtTC>`~t
12TH BOULEVARD AT DELMAR
ST. LOUIS, MO. 63101
C,, OUNCAN BAUMAN
PUBLISHER
September 11, 1975
at the dinner.
Colby. So that there is no ing,w
want you to be our guest at the dinner. If there
will be other staff members with r. Colby, pleeaase
e
let me know so that we can provide places for t
Dear Mr. Thuermer:
We are enclosing a current guest list.
I assume that you may be accompanying Mr.
do
Mr. Angus Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
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26 August 197q
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT St. Louis Trip
On the 25th, I talked to Mr. Bauman in St. Louis.
We are finally all of one mind. He agrees that there
is really no problem with your coming out quietly and
privately for a dinner chat with his friends and an
equally unpublicized meeting with newspaper men at lunch.
He agrees that anything that would give the impression
of a "cover story" should be avoided; he didn't mean to
give that impression.
He said he plans no publicity in his paper and if it
does come out, the situation is quite straightforward:
you are his guest talking privately to his friends and
chatting with St. Louis editors.
In your talk before the members of the Bogey Club, you
should probably take advantage of the nature of the group
to stress our future needs for patriotic businessmen to
continue to help their country
Angus MacLean Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
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.t STAT
STAT
STAT
 &TA
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5tjLt L1 t~~~ rer 8extta.cr~xt
12TH BOULEVARD AT DELMAR
ST. LOUIS, MO. 63101
G. DUNCAN BAUMAN
PUBLISHER
August 12, 1975
Dear Mr. Thuermer:
We are enclosing a list of guests who are being
invited to our dinner for Mr. Colby.
The dinner will be on Tuesday, September 23 at
the Bogey Club, 9266 Clayton Road. Cocktails will be at
6:30 P.M. and dinner at 7:30 P.M. The Bogey Club is
located in Ladue and has a membership of only fifty persons.
The custom of the Club is that when a member engages the
Club for an affair only those members invited, along with
guests, are present.
It occurs to me that perhaps Mr. Colby might
have friends in the St. Louis area who he would like to
have present. If you will please advise me of these, I
will be happy to extend an invitation. The maximum accom-
modation at the Club is about fifty-four to fifty-six
persons.
We plan the Press Luncheon for 12:30 P.M. on
September 23 in the Tiara Room of the Chase-Park Plaza
Hotel. As soon as we have compiled a guest list for this
function, we will forward it to you.
Mr. Angus Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D. C. 20505
8/15/75
Sincerely,
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11 August 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT : St. Louis Trip
Mr. Bauman, publisher of the St. Louis ooffD mocrat,
will have from 35-50 top city leaders at your
dinner talk and QUA on 23 September at the exclusive Bogey
Club.
He said it would be self-defeating, from our point of
view, to appear to be Offin St. -the-record s Welshouldr
this private, elite, o
accept his assessment.
i suggested that the answer might be a luncheon meeting
with newspaper people such as you have had in New York Los
uch
uld chat there pretty
h
o
Angeles and Chicago. You s
the on-the-record.. He would seven aid itha would nvite someg3ve ef him soma'~wry
Louie Post Dzapato . lie
satisfaction.
e that you would have a
ld ho
p
Mr. Bauman said that he wou
M end a Tittle time to greet houers~d If rsaid Inknewiyauowouldhbels
the widow of Admiral ,}
delighted to see Mrs. Souers.
If the luncheon ide~as~e ~~r. to be of a
spent in St. Louis, pee P
informal afternoon meeting as an alternate.
I recommend the luncheon plan. It would give you the
afternoon to spend with our people in St. Louis.
nd
is
t
I
visit
Mr. Bauman is cleathusiastic about ynur
equally clearly he is en
gather he considers it something of a personal coup as well
Assistant to the Director
S S~ A7`'3 i 3~ yi.Anrjl.8r.
Angus MacLean Thuermer
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I hadn't seen any problem here. It seems
straight forward to me: you are the guest of Mr.
Bauman, prominent citizen, who has invited you to
talk to his friends, and you are also happy to seize
the chance to meet news executives in St. Louis, also.
STAT
STAT
STAT
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 w
Ap6MMMEW le TI T 2
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL ECRE
T I
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
TO
NAME AND ADDRESS
DATE
INITIALS
1
S a a-
`M`r~i
2
3
4
5
ACTION
DI ECT REPLY
PREPARE REPLY
APPROVAL
DISPATCH
RECOMMENDATION
COMLMENT
FILE
RETURN
CONCURRENCE
INFORMAYION
SIGNATURE
Remarks :
FOLD HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER
FROM: NAME. AD RES AND PHONE NO
DATE
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL
FORM NO. 237 Use previous editions
1-67 237
 Approved For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-01315R
11 August 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT St. Louis Trip
Mr. Bauman, publisher of the St. Louis Globe Democrat,
will have
atatheyour
exclusiveeBogeyrd
Septemberleaders
talk from
and 35Oono23city
dinner QeA
Club.
He said it would be self-defeating, from our point of
view, to appear to be in St. Louis these days solely for
this private, elite, off-the-record session. We should
accept his assessment.
I suggested that the answer might be a luncheon meeting
with newspaper people such as you have had in New York, Los
Angeles and Chicago. You should chat there pretty much
on-the-record. He would even invite someone from the St.
Louis Post Dispatch. He said that would give him some wry
satisfaction.
Mr. Bauman said that he would hope that you would have a
little time to greet his good friend and neighbor. She is
the widow of Admiral Souers. I said I knew you would be
delighted to see Mrs. Souers.
If the luncheon idea seems to be too much of a day being
spent in St. Louis, perhaps Mr. Bauman would consider an
informal afternoon meeting as an alternate.
I recommend the luncheon plan. It would give you the
afternoon to spend with our people in St. Louis.
Mr. Bauman is clearly big-time stuff in St. Louis';nd
equally clearly he is enthusiastic about your visit.
gather he considers it something of a personal coup s well
as blow for God and country.
Angus MacLean rmer
Assistant to the Director
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20 May 1975
-Democrat
t De Iva, r
ouri 63101
ns
Thank you so very much for your letter of
May 16th. you are very kind to take the time
say those nice things. I would indeed be
delighted to met your friends in St. Louis
and would consider it a great honor to
date
'hosted by you. please let me keep the
little vague for the next couple of months
but perhaps got back in touch with you early
t- Au st_._for a possible time. It will be a
the .,friends of
great pleasure d.. . ng.
Admiral Souera.
S incerely ,
/s/ W. E. Colby
W. S. Colby
Director
WEC:jip (20 May 1975)
Distribution:
original - Addressee
I - DCI w/basic
1 - Asst. to DCI w/cy basic
1 - ER
ST
I
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STAT
`St, .ruto ulatrr-pttLttx.Ctaj
12TH BOULEVARD AT DELMAR
ST. LOUIS, MO. 63IO~~
G.DUNCAN BAUMAN
PUB L$SHER
May 16, 1975
Dear Mr. Colby:
It was my privilege to be in the audience at the American Newspaper
Publishers Association meeting recently in New Orleans when you spoke.
Seldom have I been so impressed with the character, ability and strength of
a government presentation.
a executive as I was after your encouraging and inspiring
My reaction then, and it still is, that if opinion makers and leader::
in America had an opport4tinity to hear a personal presentation from you the
result would be to eliminate 9Am~erof e ica indthetClA where
I came away from`~4ecANPA
persons, about the values for est to
meeting determined to try to induce you to come to St. Louis as my
make an appearance before a relatively small group of my friends, aac.yours.
It is not my purpose to build a base for a news story in ie Glob-
there would be media coverage of your- appearance
Democrat, A decision whether e__r at the very least, I woul"etprefer that...
would be entirely up to you. Certainly,
there not be media coverage of the meeting which I would host. :ice
I do hope that you might be able to fit a visit to St. Louis in your
calendar early in the fall, erha s in Sept r,,,d? or subsequently. I leave
the date entirely up to you. t wou e my plan to have dinner in your honor
at the Bogey Club, which is a golf club with a membership of fifty-five persons
all of them communit~e~d~Q long s~re+~
I assure you that your audience will be a congenial and friendly one.
A clue for you to the historical appreciation for the CIA among most of those
who would be present is the fact that nearly everyone knew Admiral Sidney W.
Souers, now deceased, who was one of those delegated by President Truman to
put the CIA together during the Truman era. Admiral Souers enjoyed a tremendous
affection and respect from everyone in St. Louis who knew him.
I do hope that it would be possible to present you in St. Louis.
Mr. William E. Colby
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Central Intelligence Agency
r.Iaahin?ton. D. C. 20505
 Approved For Releas 0 13 - P88-01315
ART.7CLB .APP?&1J EIe' i S
;T -. " -). 7 Grand Junction, Colorado
By JOHN AlaBABITO
that a, ,basically middle-aged au-
dience' of the Bookcliff Knife and
Fork (dinner) Club would hold a
more-than-receptive ear to any-
thing that the deputy director of
the Central Intelligence Agency
would care to say to them.
And if they weren't primed for
. the speech of E. Henry Knoche be-.-
fore they arrived Wednesday
night, a standing ovation for the
man before he uttered a. single
syllable did no damage toward
building their enthusiasm and
receptiveness.
Before Knoche took the po-
dium, the audietce of about 500,
_.-:was Informed that earlier in the
day in Washington, he had been
named a recipient of the Presi-
dent's A' and for distinguished
...public service, the highest civil
service award that can be be-
stowed on a U.S. citizen. Hence
His rapport with Colorado and
g_ the Western Slope in general (his
-::;wife Is from Craig. a married son
.':lives there now and another son is
a freshman at the University of
Colorado in Boulder) put his au-
dience at ease like he was one of
%.their own local boys made good.
He is a big. husky man with a
powerful body that gives testi-
mony to his undergraduate days
at C.U. where he played both base-
ti::ball and basketball. Murmurs in
awe of his size rippled through
F' the' audience when he first rose
. for introduction making it hard to
,-believe that a security agent is
-.necessary to accompany him
wherever he goes. "We don't like
to call them bodyguards," he ex-
plained later.
His voice-and deliver- accen-
tuate his size, but his speech on
such a grave topic as national in-
telligence gathering is punc-
tuated with Just enough comic
relief to make it all sound
..plausible.. ,..._ ..
Approved
13 January 1977
Thus 'his_ physicalness,' iclenti-
sfication with Colorado.and a satu-
ration of his, professional
credentials that span 23 years in
the CIA combine to give the effect
that everything he is about to say
is the whole truth and nothing but
the truth.
-4'-=As he started to speak, Knoche
slipped immediately into a defen-
?: sive position when talking about-.
the CIA. In the second paragraph
,,of his prepared text (made avail-
tothe press), he says "We've
seen flashy.headlines and senaa-
'tionalized stories-about .the CIA
In the newspapers -'many, of
them taken completely out of con-
text and blown all out of
;proportion." .
Midway through his speech, he:
again touches on the topic of the>I
bad press received by the CIA,
most of it since 1975 after releva-
'tions by Idaho Sen.. Frank
Church's Select Committee on In-
telligence. "All too often only the
accusations and the allegations - .
`make the headlines. The denial
and the truth of the matter never
seem to be heard," said Knoche.
Examples bizarre
He cites as examples past head-
lines claiming "The CIA once cap-
tured three beings from outer
space. ' .put them in a freezer to
make them talk and instead they
died." Another example' he used
is a claim the CIA "found and pil-
fered the remains of Noah's Ark
on a mountainside in Turkey, and
that the artifacts are somewhere
in the basement of- our
headquarters."
Knoche claims "you have heard
a lot about intelligence failures."'
Then he goes on to list successes
of the CIA including the discov-
erg of Soviet nuclear misslies
being delivered to Cuba in 1962,
seven years' warning on the devel-
opment of the Moscow anti-
ballistic missile systems, and the
design of two Soviet aircraft
car-riers well before the first one put
Touches on experiments
session following his speech,
Knoche answered inquiries into
'topics including CIA experimen-
tation on humans with LSD and
other mind-bending drugs, or al-
legations involving the CIA in the
assassination of one of its own
presidents.
Of drug experimentation which
led to one scientist jumping out of
,.a hotel window to his death, I
Knoche said first, "I wish to hell
I'd never heard of it." But then he
explains the action in the context
of "a feeling in this country at the
time of the early 50s ...we were
very panicky...we had informa-
i
h
at the commun-
me t
-tion at the t
ists had developed new
techniques of brainwashing
through- the use of-these
drugs ...we were badly in need of
research in the area, and to find
out how the drugs affected hu-
mans we had to experiment on
humans."
Discounts probes .; ' r
Of the recently reopened 'In-
Festigations into the John F. Ken-
nedy and Martin Luther King
assassinations, Knoche said he
knew of no CIA involvement in ei-
ther, other than Lee Harvey Os-
wald being under CIA
observation in Mexico City where
he visited the Cuban embassy.
Even with the reopened in-
vestigations, Knoche doubts "ei-
ther assassination will ever be
solved to the satisfaction of the _
majority of the American
people."
Pressed privately about releva-
tions concerni ng former CIA oper- .f
atives like Phillip Agee and
Victor Marchetti, who have come
out with books critical of the CIA #
and its operations, Knoche says,
"They're out to make some money !
at it. We're fair game."
Knoche has his own theories
concerning Agee, but offers them
only off the record, saying "I'm off
the record becauseI don't want to
give him (Agee) any more
'
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STAT
 AR7ICL.E r1r'prf11 proved For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-01315R
THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER
14 August 1977
se,y fu-,At
By Art Carey I tist knew that the CIA was involved,
rt.70rer Stal/ IM!e: and that Was- Dr. Carl. C., Pfeiffer,
When the new's broke, it stirred then chief of the bureau's' 'neurophar
haunting visions of George Orwell's macology section.
??n 984." It was Dr. Pfeiffer who coi.ceived
Here was the CIA, bent on develop- of the LSD project, sought research
ng the ultimate means of mind con- funds and invited colleagues in other
trol, secretly passing out funds to re- i scientific disciplines to collaborate.
eachers so that, they could study Highly respected in his field, Dr.'
drubs, hypnosis, shock treatment and Pfeiffer is'now director of the Brain
-even magicians. j Bio Center in Princeton. In a state-
Among those whose work the CIA : - anent released after the disclosures '
funded were several New Jersey sci- I (he has- refused to be interviewed),
entists'tivho, in the early-1960s, con- Dr. Pfeiffer Labe%ed recent reports ducted LSD experiments on inmates about the experiments "a tvitch~-
at the Bordentowvn Reformatory. runt" and insisted that the project
For- those-with active imaginations; met modern ethical standards.
the disclosures of the last few weeks This claim is confirmed by state of
have brought forth chilling scenarios' ficials 'and by. Dr. Pfeiffer's former'
colleagues. From them, a picture of
trench coated CIA operatives *Slip the project-its aims, scope and open
ping envelopes full of cash to nervous
scientists in, dark parking lots; re- ation-has emerged. And it is a pie
searchers lacing the food of unwitting ture far less lurid and iniquitous
prisoners with powerful doses of il- than the headlines and early news i
licit, mind blowing drugs. . . accounts may have suggested. , .; I
Great stuff for a'. movie or TV At the time 'of the experiments
drama, no doubt, but the reality of from 1962 to 1964-the Bureau of Re-
the experiments was far less' dra- ( search, which closed in 1973, was in a I
matic and sinister, according to those building on the grounds of the New
who worked on the project IS years
Seidman Five dayaa week, inmates
ago at the New Jersey Bureau of Re- from' the Bordentown. Reformatory
search in Neurology and Psychiatry.
First, the experiments. were con-
ducted with scrupulous care and fol-
- lowed established and ethical proce-
reported to the institute for an exper-
iment session for which they, were
paid 50.. cents:
Scientists at the bureau invited the
dures, they say. The subjects: were ! inmates to be subjects in an experi-
all adult volunteers who gave their ment involving LSD that, among
informed consent, and the results of other things, -seas aimed at exploring
the studies were published at the
time in national scientific journals.
What's more; the project was un-
. how the drug. works and how it af-
fects perception and behavior-
After careful. screening to weed out
dertaken at 'Mime when both LSD those with possible psychotic or vio-
.and the CIA were regarded as being) lent tendencies, ages of 21 and 25
ivere-chosen,, and each, signed a cow 1
far more benign than they are today.! sent contract before participating.
"Iii "today's post-Watergate - - cli-
h
d b
ree
y t
Tire project was approve
mate, everybody is paranoid about state agencies as well as the refor- he envisioned himself Idlling someone
- everything," I said Dr. Bernard S. matory's board of managers. A re- at some future date." Apparently, the
Aaronson, 53, a California psycholo- port submitted to the State Depart- experience was so frightening that he.;
-gist,' who took part in the experi- ment of Corrections estimated that abandoned a career as an armed rob. I
ber, "went straight" and became a
ments. ~`Butin those days, the CIA the project would cost W,009 and responsible family man, she said.
had a very good reputation: I don't would be funded by the U.S. Public
believe anybody at the Bureau of Re- Health Service and a number of pri- j ."ISD, is a very powerful drug that
search was a CIA agent or was act- ,n_v-ies. There as no mention. cuts both ways," said. Ms. Cheek,
ing with any sort of impropef'gPrif~ty d to @4/f0/13 : CIA-RC~P8811A'~(3d}11046 19riuodifi-
canon program a - e. europsychia-
ethical motives." file Institute.
fact a aceiitl only one scien- . "It can have both posi-
, pp Y five and negative effects."
"There is
indicate ai
Corrections
said. Appar
fer's secret
utmnost care
Scientists who worked with Dr.
Pfeiffer say that he supervised the
experiments with the utmost care
and precision and that he took the
drug himself 17 times.'
-"There was no surreptitious admin-
istration of drugs; '..no one was slip-
ping Mickeys into someone's drink"
said Dr. Henry B. Murphree, 49, then
assistant chief of the bureau's neuro-
pharmacology section and now acting
chairman of the, psychiatry. depart-
ment at Rutgers University Medical
school_
"T'he LSD- was given only after
fully informed consent, and the sub-
ject could drop out any - time he
itleased,. including in the middle of
the experiment."
- -
With one exception-and even that
is questionable-none of the subjects
seeun to, have suffered any ill effects
from the LSD. "The doses were too
minimal to have had any effect,!'
said Dr. Aaronson, tivho has written a
book on I.M. The one case in which LSD may
-have emotionally damaged a subject.'
was reported by-.Frances E. Cheek,
53, a sociologist who. studied four of
the inmates. for the,, effects of the
drug,on_-social -interaction.
"One .. inmate began to develop
suspcions that his wife had taken a
lover and threatened-to break out
and murder her,'- she:.:wrote later in
the Journal of Nervous and Mental
Disease.
But the drug' produced favorable
results, with another inmate, Dr.
Cheek said recently. *.Through LSD,
STAT
'a
 A MVY 130N FOREIGN 5 -
RELATIONS
40 Mt. Vernon Street
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02108
Area Code 617 - 227-7990
c Rr xD ' %7AZr
Chairman
MCLEAN GErY rN
) ERT IIAYDOCX. JR.
>, ,ARD H. LADD
3:1#RICIE M.MACDoroAE,L
~aN R. MOOR
ACES D. POST
'P`ILED O. HERO
Secretary
Mr. William Colby
Director
Central Intelligence Agency
McLean' VA 22101
Dear Mr, Colby:
we would find a way of covering them ourselves.
related expenses would not be covered by governmental sources
Executive Registry
Affiliated with the
COUNcXr. OBI Faaglo_r R F-u.~IS, Talc:..
NEW Yoa, PT Y.
ill 6 V cwt
Novemb-er 3,, 1975
We hope very much that the scheduled meeting here for
you on 10 December will take place whether or not you are at
will assume that our meeting with you is on
unless
,,
you inform us to the contrary.
We look forward to seeing you here at 5:15 p.m. on
December 10.
Cordially,,
AOH/ssg
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 STAT Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
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Mr. Colby:
The Boston Committee on Foreign Relations gives you two choices for your
visit with them. Their preference, which includes
The alternate dinner,
ulomitti.ngudinnerz would
the last flight back to Washington (at 8:43). plan, '
permit you to catch the 8:43 flight back.
They offer to pay for your hotel to stay over. There is a flight the next morning
at 7:00, arriving here at 8:17.
STAT If were to. fly you up, you could stay for the dinner and still come back,
that nig-
Will stay for dinner V'yill"not stay for dinner
Will stay overnight
Would like Mr. Bing to fly me there
(7 Oct 75)
F. S. They ask for title of your talk; if you agree, I'll ask Mr. Thuermer to tell them
'
it is "Foreign Intelligence for America.
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BOSTON COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS
40 Mt. Vernon Street
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02108
Area Code 617 - 227-7990
RICHARD WAIT
Chairman
T. MCLEAN GRIFFIN
ROBERT HAYDOCK. JR.
EDWARD H. LADD
RIGHT REV. MSGR. FRANCIS J. LALLY
JOAN R. MOOR
CHARLES D. POST
ALFRED 0. HERO
Secretary
Mr. William E. Colby
Director
Central Intelligence Agency
McLean, VA 22101
Dear Mr. Colby:
Affiliated with the
COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS. INC.
NEW YOUR. N.Y.
October 2, 1975
We were very pleased to learn from the Council on
Foreign Relations that you will be able to meet with its
Boston affiliate Thursday, 11 December, 1975. As you are
undoubtedly aware, meetings of Council affiliates are entirely
off-the-record; we have known of no breaches of this rule.
Dean Edmund Gullion of the Fletcher School will serve
:r,s Chairman of this session.
He would prefer a reguler dinner meeting beginning with
.an informal reception at 5:15 p.m. here at 40 Mt. Vernon Street.
The Chairman would open the substantive meeting promptly at 5:30,
at which time you would lay out, in a half hour or so, the sub-
stance to which you would like to devote the evening. Your pre-
sentation would be followed by a comment or several cuestions
posed in two or three minutes by one of our members or a special-
ly invited guest particularly interested in your subject. We
would then adjourn for drinks znd dinner, followed by discussion
until 8:15.
Another feasible alternative, should you need catch the
last plane to Washington at 8:43 p.m., would be to dispense with
the dinner and thereby adjourn the meeting at roughly 7:30. How-
ever we find that the informality over cocktails and dinner results
in mutually more satisfactory exchanges of ideas and points of view,
and therefore prefer, whenever possible, the first alternative.
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 Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
Mr. William E. Colby
October 2, 1975
Page 2
We would be pleased to make a reservation for you as
our guest at the Parker House or another nearby hotel.
If you have a particular title for your subject, please
send it on to use
AOH/ssg
H10/7/75
',lfred 01!' H'ro, "J
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 Approved For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-01315
22 July 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT Speaking Engagement in Boston
Mr. Bushner of
says that t
mustering dbQ a
n
you ;speak
delighted to have
Mr. Bushner is the maw?Relations date in San
also arranged for the; Foreign
Francisco.
Angus MacLean Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
mmYrk Counci F reign Relations-
'o el
on Coittee`(and a Ro
ons, woul be ore than
late Fall or W1 ter.
i
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22 July 1975
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT Speaking Engagement in Boston
Mr. Bushner of the New York Council on Foreign Relations
says that the Boston Committee (and a Rotary Club, as wall)
mustering to about 200-250 persons, would be more than
delighted to have you speak in late Fall or Winter. met in N Mr. anedeforstheeForeignoRelations dateeinYSan. He
also arrangge
Francisco.
11 'Ej,
Angus MacLean Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
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 R77Q.E '.1 .i
ox
i~
Approved For Release 2~84/~ 1~RA 15R00
10 AUGUST 1977
Y JIM MORSE":'. . Metropolitan State Hospital in Waltham. "The 10 to 12 hours I was under the .Y
Staff Writer IN AN INTERVIEW with The Herald effect of the drug did have its comical "The feeling became a sense of pain American yesterday, Bockocen de side, but it's something I wouldn't want
at the very top of my head: It was ice` scribed his LSD experience. to go through again: -
cold. It was like a- pointed icicle press- It was either 1933 or 1954, and to "DID I LOSE my self control? Hell,
lino bRY?MCP m.,.A., A y- ?L__ n__ __. _,_ put it mildly. it was an interesting day
h
h
st
half
our, t
{(16[Lea. -? - ' . - "_" ??_
ere Was no no. But I did learn about the un-
.Dr. J. Sanbourne Bockoven of L:rcoln, reaction at all. Then I began to get a conscious part of my own mental prat-?
? comfortable.. It was a buzzing, tingling'
At"about S a.m. on a day in the early feeling in my fingers. It wasn't my, im- - I would think; of something impor-
1950s, Dr. J. Sanbourne Bockoven swat- agination." tant, but just as I wasabout to make a
lowed a glass of water-laced with LSD. It was then that he felt the icicle
He . was . participating in an experi- against his head. Later he felt a sharp The Herald American is interested in
ment at Boston Psychopathic Hospital. stomach ache. . talking to persons who participated in
He wasn't sure the 'glass of:water had . ; "I found :myself saying, 'Well, that's LSD experiments at area institutions
LSD in it because the experiment's were . enough of this: The feelin
th
ed
g
aw
out. during the 1950s. Anyone with such in-
run so that some participants got plain I Mound myself rather charmed. It was formation should call Charlotte Hall, as-,
water. fascinating
I felt
..
a warm glow. I was sistant managing editor, at 426-300,
Neither did he lmow,"he insists
that in control
,
. ext. 461.
the experiments, which involved some "When the feeling of pain, returned, I
200 persons, including doctors, nurses, could think it away
' It was th
h
.
ere, w
en I
hospital attendants and students from didn't want it to be, but. it would go note about it, the idea would leave me.
area colleges, were. being financed by away when I wanted it to' I was begin= This was both pleasing and disappoint-
the CIA as part of a mind-control proj- ning to sense enjoyment. - ing. I almost grasped the meaning of
ect. O'T ;-71 .,.,.T.:__
I -U. DLJUC1iU We. UULVer5e.
Dr. Bockoven was both`a researcher floor. It seemed to_. tip. And the waFl - "Bdt then I'd go blank, with no
and subject of the experiments. Today seemed to sail like the wind was bit= thought. It was a serene, restful thing.
he is a regional service administrator lowing it. All of this 6s rather enter-1 But there was also a sense of uneasi-
-or the Mass. Dept..of. Met tai. Health at taining. ness."
STIAT
v 3 ~`'~"n l i S i
0-b 6 P9 1* 1
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 STAT
for Release A664h &ff' 1 ' `- P88-01315R0
9 August 1977
searchers Say Students Were. Among 200 Who Took LSD
in Tests Financed by C.I.Q..
By JOSEPH B. TREASTER
-." SptMa1 M The -New York T1me3
~^1r1SHINGTON, Aug..7-Students at
Hariard University, the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology and Emerson Col-
lege were among some 200 persons who
recd red LSD in experiments secretly fi-
nanced by the Central Intelligence Agen-
cy at the Boston Psychopathic Hospital
in the early 1.950's, researchers who
worked on the studies said today.
The students, both young men and
women, were said to have seen paid $20
each to drink a tall glass'of.water with
the mind-altering drug added and then
for 10 to 12 hours to, participate in a
series of psychological tests. They had
heart-told they were getting.LSD and that
their reactions would vary;
Some doctors, nurses and attendants
at the hospital, now known as the Massa-
chusetts Mental Health Center, also
seared along with the students as volun-
teer-?subjects in the experiments, which
rasa d over four years and. were among
some' of the earliest 'studiesof LSD in
the United States, the-researchers report-
The research was done ,under grants
from the Society for the Investigation of
Human Ecology, a funding mechanism
created by the C.I.A. in a 25-year project
to develop ways of manipulating human
behavior., :--, .. r
Documents and Interviews
The -into lligence- ?ageicy's~ sponsorship.
of -tire work was uncovered by a team
of New , York Times reporters, sifting
through. more than 2,000; agency docu-
ments and. interviewing`. dozens of past
and -present intelligence-officials and re-
searchers around the country::
..:Among .:,the data-_.reviewed were
rewly. disclosed. C.I.A.- documents that
discuss at-length research.on "knock-out
type agents.".. The documents . refer to
%,A "'It'.. (unconscious --producing] prob-
- m" and the 'production ~ae'.voluntary
.jeep" 7
"There exists within the agency," one
2 960 docuinen-t says,' "e continuing re-
-from the operations divisions
or a substance or. substances- that will
carder an. individual or animal helpless
.nd immobile,, either consciously or un-
-onsciously,.. until definite: control meas
ores can be instituted.
"The instances and situations where
;uch an advantage can; be utilized are
0o numerous to be mentioned."
Another document indicates that the ,
agency paid $100,000 in the fiscal year l
1957 for a study that included an investi--=
gat-ion of the "curare-like effects or cer
tain thiols," or chemical compounds;
analogous to the alcohols. i
In 1956, other documents indicate, the;
agency directed that 60 percent of one'
540,000 contract be devoted to studyingI
"the feasibility of utilizing aerosols as
a delivery system for the various. psycho- i
chemicals" such as LSD. In the end, the!
C.I.A. decided that spray cans of LSD'
would not make an effective weapon.
Dr.. ~iax Rinkle, who initiated the LSD
research at the Boston Psychopathic Hos-
pital, died five years ago. But others who
participated in the work, including Dr.
J.. Sanbourne Bockoven, now a regional
services administrator for the Massachu-
setts Department of Mental Health, say
they did not know that the intelligence
agency was paying for their research and
receiving theirreports.
In. a Senate hearing last =week, Adm.
Stansfield Turner, Director of Central In-
telligence, Said, that freshly uncovered
financial records-showed that 86 hospi-
tals and academic institutions had done
research under the agency's mind control
project, many of them apparently unwit-
tingly. So far, only a handful of them'
have been publicly identified.
At the hearing.--Senator Edward M. i
Kennedy, - Democrat of Massachusetts,
urged Admiral Turner to notify officials
of the hospitals arid-universities. involved
that their institutions had done. research
for the C.LA. Admiral Turner said that 1
he would consider -.doing so. but - that
he was "tarn" by, the question.
-"I've tried to-'put myself ha, the. posi-
Aion of the `.president of one- of-those
universities,",-he said. "If he was witting,
he has a ccess _to, all this information. If
he was not witting,' I- wonder if. the
f process of informing him might put his
institution in. more jeopardy than letting
f him go on as, now.,. Apparently like much of the-.work the
C.I.A. paid for. the LSD research- at Bos-
ton was conceived by. a doctor who.then
went looking for financial support.
Dr. Bockoven' said he and the others
had studied the psychochemical-as a pos-
sible tool for treating schizophrenia..As
pioneers with LSD,'they had documented
some of the basic reactions and provided
the C.I.A. with, raw material- for use in
evaluating a substance ? the -. agency
'
Weapon.
thought might.be useful as a -
after the-LSD study in Boston; -which
to Kyio Morimoto,-a sociologist who was
part of the research team and is now as-
sociate director of the Bureau of Study
Counseling at Harvard, some of the in-
vest`gators moved- as. a group, to Butler I
Hospital, a private psychiatric facility ire
Providence, R. I.
With Alcohol and Tranquilizer .
At Butler, among other things, the re-
search team conducted an experiment on
staff members with alcohol and the tran-
quilizer. chlorapromazine that was also
financed by the .C.I.A: s Society for the.
Investigation of Human Ecology. .
. For years, the documents indicate, the
agency tried to find ways in which agents
could drink large amounts -of alcohol
without getting drunk aa:;-.'to produce
with a pill that could make a 'drunken
agent sober. ? . .
Dr. Bockoven said he considered the
LSD work at the Boston Psychopathic
Hospital to have been "a model -of superb,
excellent research."
He said the students and staff members
who participated had been explicitly re-1
cruited as test subjects, had been told
they would receive LSD and that reac-~
tions varied greatly among individuals
from "pleasant" to "unpleasant." .:f
Mr- lMIorimoto said "a couple of people"
had gone into psychotherapy as a result
of having participatedjn the experiments.
But Dr. Bock-oven,said -he did not recall::
anyone who had suffered any untoward:
consequences from the LSD.
He said test- subjects were interviewed
"a -week. or a?`month"-he--wasn:'t--sur
wide: range -of. psychiatric aixl-pseudo-
psychiatric techniques, under- C.I.A. spon
sorship_ =there was t m follow-up =to
determine whether complications had de-
-k ,
STAT
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 STAT
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30 August 1976
TAT
r. Kevin Anderson
Dear Kevin,
Attached as we promised is a photograph from
your meeting with Mr. Bush, as well as some speeches
that I thought you might find interesting.
It was really a pleasure meeting with you and I
hope you found your visit to the Agency interesting
and fun.
Sincerely,
Ottice o e
Assistant to the Director
mb
Encs.
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AT
 Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDPEOR-01 31 10
July 1, 1976
TAT
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
FROM Andrew T. Falkiewicz
Assistant to the Director
SUBJECT : Meeting with Boys and Girls Nation
Recommend that you or Hank Knoche spend a few
minutes on the afternoon of August 3 with the represeta
tive from Boys and Girls Nation. If you agree, we ill
arrange for a photographer to get some pictures of you.
I kill squire the representative for a
brief tour o;; e building.
SIGNED
Andrew T. Falkiewicz
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 y, `'fir mac' /u_"~?~'"'
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AMERICAN LEG ION I A
WASHINGTON OFFICE ? 1608 K STREET, N. W. ? WASHINGTON, D. C.-20006
[phone]
July 28, 1976
The Honorable George Bush, Director
Centeal Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
Dear Mr. Bush:
Today the Bicentennial Joint Session of Boys Nation/Girls Naationn
held its Election of Officers and the victors have appointed
the name
administrative officials. This enables us to giveoyuc the ames
of the young person appointed to your counterpart
and Girls Nation this year. That is:
KEVIN G. ANDERSON
Enclosed is a biography for conversational background information
preparatory to your protegees appointment to visit Your Tuesday, August 3, 1976.
We appreciate the plans you have made for receiving this young
person and thus helping to make this training in the processes of
federal government a memorable experience for each of its partici-
pants.
Sincerely,
A J H. SdH_A1 EL.
National president
LS/rms
Enclosure
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 Approvbd For-Re t2 W1$. - T315R000100520001-9
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II DDA
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151 D/S
Routing Slip
INF
DATE INITIAL
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 STAT
r--
Executive Registry
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July 1, 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
FROM Andrew T. Falkiewicz
Assistant to the Director
SUBJECT Meeting with Boys and Girls Nation
Recommend that you or Hank Knoche spend a few
ust 3 with the representa-
minutes on the afternoon of Aug you agree, we will
tive from Boys and Girls Nation. some pictures of you.
arrange for a photographer to get
I will squire the representative for a
brief tour o e building.
Andrew T. Falkiewicz
tive Registry
Have scheduled the Director to meet at 2:00 p.m. on August 3rd
+C?
with the representative of the above group. They will sen
name and bio information around the 28th of July. Will forward
you a copy of same as soon as we rt
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1976
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Executive Registry
AMERICAN LEGION AUXILIARY
WASHINGTON OFFICE ? 1608 K STREET, N. W. ? WASHINGTON, D. C.-20006
[phone]
June 24, 1976
The Honorable George H. Bush, Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
Dear Mr. Bush:
Among the 297 young men and women who will participate in the Bicentennial
Joint Session of Boys Nation and Girls Nation this summer will be one appointed
to an office comparable to yours in federal government. On behalf of The American
Legion's National Commander, Harry G. Wiles, and myself, I am writing to ask if,
as a climax to this program, you would be willing to receive this young person
for a few minutes on Tuesday afternoon, August 3rd, and then perhaps assign a
member of your staff to show him or her around your headquarters and explain how
some of the more important and interesting of its functions are carried out. Our
objective is to make this a "living experience" in the processes of federal govern-
ment and your contribution could be a truly memorable experience for your counter-
part.
In a program of this complexity, I regret that we are unable to offer you a
choice of dates for this appointment, but we can offer you a choice of hours.
For example, we can deliver your counterpart to you at 2:00 p.m., or at 2:30 p.m.,
you event that you simply
or at 3:00 whichever best suits
personal repre-
sentative be available
sentative to act in your behalf.
counterpart address, provide
I have asked my secretary, Mrs. Rita Schneiders atcththis
ee
you with the name, address and short biography f your pdre soon
Boys/Girls Nation election is held and appointments are completed in the week
preceding the date of this office visit. I thank you in advance for your help and
interest and would be glad to hear from you at your earliest convenience. A brief
fact sheet and history of this program is enclosed for your complete information
and files.
Sincerely,
MRS. ALAN M. SCHANEL
National President
LS/rms
Enclosure - Fact Sheet
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 Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
THE AMERICAN LEGION
AMERICAN LEGION AUXILIARY
BOYS AND GIRLS NATION
In observance of the nations Bicentennial Celebration, The American Legion and
the American Legion Auxiliary have pooled resources to present, in 1976, the first
Joint Session of Boys Nation and Girls Nation. Larger than any in the past, this
session will bring citizenship training in the processes of federal government to 297
high school juniors and seniors (147 boys and 150 girls) composed of one "Senator"
and two "Representatives" from each Boys or Girls State held earlier this summer.
Convening on the campus of The American University as in the past, this Bicentennial
Session will be lengthened from the usual week to 18 days (July 21 to August 7) and
will include field trips to Annapolis, Colonial Williamsburg, Philadelphia and Valley
Forge. Five years of planning and one quarter million dollars have been invested in
this program by the two national organizations.
Delegates to Boys State and Girls State are chosen, with the help of high school
principals, for qualities of potential leadership, to represent their schools in ses-
sions held each June or July in state capitals or on centrally located campuses in
each of the 50 states and in the District of Columbia. There they set up their own
city, county and state governments and learn to operate them according to the rules
and procedures set by actual state and local law. They learn by "doing it". Each
session selects its own Congressional Delegations and approves them with proposed bills
to be enacted at Boys and Girls Nation.
This year the delegations will convene on the campus of The American University as
a miniature Congress, complete with a Senate and a House of Representatives. Through
committee action and twelve Congressional Sessions, they will deal with this proposed
legislation.
Once their legislative sessions are launched, they will organize their political
parties called the "Federalists" and the "Nationalists", stage national conventions
for the adoption of platforms and selection of candidates. They will be climaxed with
campaigns and finally an election and inauguration.
The winning candidates will then form their administration with each citizen ap-
pointed to some office in the executive or judicial branches of government. These
exercises will be illustrated with field trips to the actual sites of government acti-
vity including orientation briefings at the White House, the Departments of State and
Defense and on Capitol Hill. Guest speakers also will address them on campus. Finally
each "official" will have the opportunity to visit the office of his or her own actual
counterpart in the federal government.
Throughout the coming year, these youthful citizens will share with their school-
mates, families and friends what they have learned at Boys or Girls State and in their
1976 Bicentennial Joint Session of Boys and Girls Nation.
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BRIEF HISTORY OF BOYS AND GIRLS NATION
Back in the depression ridden days of the early 1930's, The American
Legion grew concerned over public statements to the effect that Democracy
was "on the skids". How, it wondered, could America train its young people
in the processes of self government as effectively as Fascist Italy and
Nazi Germany seemed to be training their youth in the promulgation of total-
itarian forms of government? Deciding that the best way to learn something
was by practicing it, American Legionnaires in Illinois began, in 1935, to
gather teenage representatives of high schools together for a few days each
summer in a citizenship training program on the processes of city, county
and state government. They called this program "Boys State".
As this program succeeded and spread throughout the United States, the
American Legion Auxiliary began providing similar opportunities for girls
of high school age. Thus "Girls State" was founded. The first Girls States
were conducted in 1938 and since 1948 have been a regular part of the Auxiliary's
better citizenship program. In 1976, Girls State sessions are being held in
each of the 50 states as well as in the District of Columbia. Boys State is
held in all of these except Hawaii.
Boys Nation, an equivalent exercise in the processes of FEDERAL government,
was founded in 1946, Girls Nation in 1947. Convening in the nation's capital
in late July or early August, each is peopled by two "Senators" from each of
the Boys or Girls State programs held earlier in the summer.
Boys and Girls State are staffed by Legionnaires and American Legion Auxiliary
members who volunteer their time and effort to these enterprises. The administra-
tive costs are defrayed by their Department (state) organizations. All costs for
Boys and Girls Nation, including national transportation, are financed by The
American Legion and American Legion Auxiliary national organizations.
Delegates to Boys and Girls State are selected with the help of high school
principals on the basis of potential leadership qualities. Most are between their
Junior and Senior years in high school. Through these programs, it is estimated
that each summer The American Legion and its Auxiliary are adding 28,000 boys
and 19,000 girls trained in the processes of government to a group that by the
end of 1975 totaled well over one million.
Both Boys M 'ion ad ts1Nation have received top Americana Awards from
the Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge. The National Association of Secondary
School Principals ha laced both programs on its Advisory Lists of National
ContestsA Q ~i~ e abTl&43 lA-7fbW6-0 't5R000100520001-9
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Remarks:
For recommendation to DCI. Background re
last year's meeting with former DCI Colby is
attached.
D
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rs=
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 Approved For Release TRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
04/10/ta-:. A-RDP88- 1f46 MD_ ? 001-9
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTO
BEN:
Please have someone check this
out with reccommendation.
GB 6-28
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 Appro~Le~T~~~I~~S8Y01315R000100
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20505
14 October 1975
STAT
Your letter to r.
since I am responsible for the Agency's Summer Intern
Program.
I have enclosed a flyer on ourprogram and a set of -
application forms. You will note that
ments is that you must have finished your senior year and
be committed . to' graduate school in the fall following the
Internship. If'this applies to you, please complete the
application forms and return them to me as soon as possi-
ble but no later then 1 January 1976.
We appreciate your interest in the Agency and our
program and thank you for the time and effort. you. took
M Colby as been referred to me
to-write . us.
Sincerely yours,.
STAT
STAT
Coordinator tor
Cooperative Programs
Enclosures:
rIIr tlr~p.a~.cry~
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 Exectiti? e Registry
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tj A, --.t3 c
September a
Mr. William Colby
Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. Colby:
I wanted to drop you a note to let you know I haven't-
forgotten you and to thank you both for my most pleasant
visit at the CIA and for the lovely pictures taken while
I was there. They will contribute to making my week at
Girls' Nation a memorable one. You may be pleased to know
that one of the photos will soon be hanging in- o.ur-.city
hall here.
Also, could you please take a minute and send me some
information concerning the job of interning we spoke about
this past summer. 'My graduation will be this June and I
am sincerely interested in the possibility of working there.
Maybe you could tell me what my chances are, etc. There is
an enormous possibility that you will get a visit from me
and maybe we can talk then.
Once again thank you for your time and consideration. Please
STAT extend my greetings to Mr. Thuermer.
Director of the CIA
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 -------------
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 AM l N1 2OL41IM -01A 0 0.0
WASHINGTON OFFICE ? 1608 K STREET. N. W. . WASHINGTON. D. C.-20008
[phone]
July 31, 1975
MEMORANDUM FROM: 1975 Girls Nation
In the interest of time, we are taking this means of thanking you for your
invaluable help in making the 29th Girls Nation, our annual youth citizenship
training course in the processes of federal government, a marked success.
During its week in Washington; July 12th to 19th, Girls Nation convened as a
Senate, with two "Senators"-from each of 50 Girls State sessions held earlier
in the summer. Then it progressed through conventions of the "Federalists"
and "Rationalists" parties to a spirited campaign which the "Federalists" won.
Installed as Girls Nation President was Miss Alma Washburn of Greensboro, North
Carolina. Presiding over the Senate as Girls Nation Vice President was Miss
Lindy Delaney of Brea, California.
In addition to their exercises in legislation (63 bills were presented of
which twenty reached the final stage of enactment) and in judicial proceedings,
the girls received appointments to the enclosed list of administrative offices
and each made a personal visit to the office of her actual counterpart in
government.
All were deeply impressed by the numbers of dedicated federal officers who
were willing to take time from their busy schedules to help make this a "a living
experience in government". To their gratitude can be added the warm personal
thanks of the American Legion Auxiliary's Nationale President, Mrs. Maurice Kubby;
of its Girls Nation Director, Mrs. John J. Roethel, and every member of the Girls
Nation staff.
Each Girls Nation Delegate now has returned to her home community where, as
a high school senior during the coming year, she will be sharing what she learned
with her schoolmates, her neighbors and organizations throughout her state. She
thus joins 540,866 to whom the American Legion Auxiliary has given experience thus-
far through the Girls State-Girls Nation program. We are proud of their accomplish
means. We hope that you are too.
LAYTON )IJRST (Mr.)
Program Coordinator
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 DCi/
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2b July 1975
It was a groat pleasure to have you visit us here
and to give you a glimpse of the, job you undertook in
Girls Nation. I attach a copy of the photographs we
took at the time and hops that the other material giVos
you the answers you used about CIA. We weresoa,
iznpreeesod with your poise, questions and interests
plus, of course, your exceptional record at school.
Perhaps we Will bear from You again some day after`
you finish your education.
Heat regards.
Sincerely.
WEC:blp
Distribution: _
Original - Addressee
1 - Assistant to the Director
1 -ER
1 -DCI
//
W. E. Colby
Director
(four photos attached; one photo had inscription: "From one
CIA Director to another, with best wishes - W.E. Colby 18 July 75'
P
64,
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 ((
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IRAN LEGION A ELI -
1Vl E R
A
.,
. WASHINGTON?OFFICE 1608 K STREET, N. W. . WASHINGTON. D. C.-20006
[phone]
June 26, 1975
The Honorable William E. Colby
Director of Central Intelligence
lWashington$ D.C. 20505
Dear Mr. Colby:
of May 29 informing you that the 29th annual
pursuant to our letter training course in the from
leis in our youth citizenship
session of Girls Nation' will be held at The American university
cesses of Federal Government, will
12 to 19, 1975?
you in our first letter, it is hoped that each Girls veNatiornment
to visit with the person in g
As we wrote y ortunity
citizen will have the opprable to the one for which she has been chosen
who holds the office compa
tion. This would give her an in vabe challenge to
E G i r l s Na government and i t w i l l
-tion Executive ppoin e of
appointed to this position to learn as m`cam hopeful thatosstshebmay
the girl aPP In that aim,
in the short time at our disposal.
office.
have an opportunity to visit you
de for
Friday, July 18 has been set asiossibly receive
young The lhouradiofes to 2to pay a pay a call on her counterpart. Could you P ful for her
to show
protegee personally at that time? It wouldn.be a meaningful for
your young then perhaps you could assign
meet with you briefly, uestions. if you will not be free,to
her around your office and answer lher ease designate a repre$entative to see her
arson, could you p
receive her in P se, we will need the name and office number of
in your behalf? (In that ca
that person.) For
coordinated by Mrs. Rita Schneiders of this officced esdr,
Programming is being 4811, Ext. 61, 62 or 63? By
advance details please call her at 393- she will be able to.
the Girls Nation election on Tuesday)
July 16, (following our Girls Nation Counterpart.
provide you with the name and background of y give us in making
As we will be grateful ses of American
for any aid you can former years., 'living experience" ? i n the proces
1974 Girls Nation an exciting
Government.
MRS. MAURICE Kb BY
National President
IK/r
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SUSPENSE
Remcriu:
Executive Secre ry
.G Z-7 /74
om.
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RICAN LEGION ATJXILIAP.Y
O .Honorable William E. Colby, Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D. C. 20505
o,,.Dear Mr. Colby:
`.Girls Nation, our annual youth training course in the processes of
Federal Government, will be held at The American University from
July 12 to 19, 1975.
These 100-high school juniors will convene as a miniature U.S. Senate.
After they have mastered the procedures of the Senate, they will hold
party conventions, campaigns and an-election, and the winning party
will form an administration in which there will be an office comparable
i
mary
to yours. The girl who holds this office.will want to learn its pr
'1 b1 It`s our
e
EXEcuTIv 3-4511
May 29, 1975
rint the official list of counterparts in the Girls Nation
we
f
r
B
p
e
e
o
Handbook, we would like to be certain that we have all names, offices,
dd
.
functions as well as possible In the limited time avaI a
challenge to help her.
ress o
titles and addresses in the correct form. jr the Inside a
this letter is in any way incorrect, would you please let us know as
soon as possible.
Your cooperation in this endeavor will be greatly appreciated.
Sincerely,
MRS. MAURICE KUBBY.
National President
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 AL SECRET
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9 D/DCI/NI
10 GC
ACTION
INFO
DATE INITIAL
1
DCI
2
DDCI
11 LC
12 IG
13 Compt
14 D/Pens
15 D/S
16 DTR
1 Asst/ DCI
18 AO/DC1
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__ Approved For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-0
 STAT Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
Approved For Release 2004/10/13 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100520001-9
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ppr'JV . or aease - . - TAT
R evices
By Lawrence Meyer -
WaswiSBtOnPost Staff Writer . ?-.
An Alexandria "electronics" firm at.
tempted to sell an official of the Drug
Enforcement Administration "assassina-
tion devices" designed to carry explosives
in such unlikely places as 'a t.'lephone
handset, a cigarette pack or a flashlight.
The official, Lucien Conein, had gone
--to the firm last spring to inspect elec-
tronic surveillance equipment that DEA
wanted to purchase, according to an
agency spokesman, Robert H. Feldkamp.
- Conein and a second DEA official,. Cyril
Frank, also observed a demonstration
of the explosive equipment but did not
buy any of it, according to Feldkamp.
A catalogue of equipment apparently
sold by the company, B.. R. Fox, describes
several devices designed to carry ex-
plosives triggered by time, movement,
mechanical pressures, light, or audio
mechanisms.
The catalogue states, "The devices have
been designed and manufactured for sale
to authorized .agencies of the United
States government, specifically intended
for application outside of this country ...
The information contained herein is
classified by the manufacturer for U.S.
government use only. The handling and
storage of this material should be done
so mindful of its sensitive nature."
Feldkamp said that Conein and Frank
observed a demonstration of "several"
devices although Feldkamp said he did
not know which devices they saw. Conein,
a former employee of the Central Intelli-
gence Agency, is acting chief of special
operations and field support for the DEA's
office of intelligence. Feldkamp said that
Conein's office is the operational arm of
' the intelligence division and devises ways
to penetrate illegal drug operations. .
Conein was not available for comment.
Feld'kawlp said that Frank said emphati-
cally that the demonstration was not re-
quested."
Conein's reaction to the demonstration,
Feldkamp said, was, "'Very interesting.
However, that's not why I'm here."' Asked
why the demonstration was made by the
salesman, whom Feldkamp said he could
not identify, Feldkamp replied, "Like any
good salesman, the guy was trying to
make a sale. He was told DEA has not,
will not, does not purchase that type of
equipment."
The DEA did buy "a hundred bucks
worth" of electronics surveillance equip-
ment, which Feldkarnp said is "frequently
used [by the DEA] under court order."
Asked why Conein watched the demon-
stration, Feld'.-:amp said, "You'd probably
do the same thing out of curiosity or what-
ever."
Conein, a longtime employee of the CIA,
left the agency in 1963 and joined the
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June, 1972, according to Feldkamp. Ac- oral calls from reporters about the cata- 1960s. He was arrested 'n 1t 65, I
to use Conein as part of an effort to dis-
credit Daniel Ellsberg publicly.
According. to Sen. Lowell P. Weicker
Jr. (R-Conn.), who released information
about the incident, Conein speculated
that the Fox firm may have thought that
Conein was still at the CIA.
. Conein apparently did not report the
demonstration of the equipment to any-
one at the DEA. Weicker said he told
DEA Administrator John-R. Bartels about
the matter on Monday and Bartels "was .
as shocked and aghast as most people
would be." Weicker commented, "Things
have come to, a pretty sorry pass when
people start peddling this stuff to law'
enforcement agencies and nobody thinks
it strange.. Bugging equipment can be
used legally. There's no way this equip-
ment can be used legally."
Feldkamp said "it wouldn't be within
the purview of DEA as a narcotics agency"
to review the legality of the explosive
equipment. .
A cover memo dated June 10, 1974, writ-
ten on, B.R. Fox stationery by a person
Weicker identified as hike Morrissey to
Mitchell WerBell III, a Georgia arma-
ments dealer, states that equipment in an
accompanying catalogue of explosive
equipment "was demonstrated to Lou in
this office about three weeks ago . . .
I bring this to your attention in case you';
have not yet seen the material. It is _~f
listing of equipment that is available andi-
planned for Lou up here-"
WerBell, who said he made and sold
silent automatic weapons to foreign
countries with the approval of the federal
government, said he had never seen
Morrissey's memo because a.former em-
ployee had intercepted it before WerBell
could see it.
WerBell said that he had talked yester-
day to both Morrissey and Conein. Conein,
WerBell said, told him the equipment had
never actually been made. "Lou's not in
the assassination business and neither am
I," WerBell said.
:Morrissey could
comment.
Barbara Fox Spindel, whose home ad-
dress is listed as the address for B.R. Fox
Laboratories, said in a telephone interview
last night that she had served as president
of the company, founded by her late hus-
band, but that she had disassociated her-
self from it last March because she and
Morrissey could not get along. She said
Morrissey withheld information from her
about the firm's business.
Mrs. Spindel said that B. R. Fox is no
longer functioning, that she knew nothing
about the explosive devices and that she
had never seen the catalogue describing
thern. "We never made explosive devices,"
Mrs. Spindel said. "We were making sur-
Logue. I don t even know what you people ! was convicted of e_aonae!
are talkiltr ihniit That's tha tcnrst ^a^t 'an _,,- giant British Petroleum Co. cotuesUad that. it.had indeed forced an
American publishing company to recall a spy book that traces she coup which
restored the Shah of Iran to power in 19=53.
The McGraw-Hill Book Co. confirmed that it-has called back all copies of
"Countercoupwritten - by, former Central Intelligence Agency operative
In the;ell-itall. boo;;,. Roosevelt recounts the CIA-inspired countercoup-that.
toppled the.-regime- of Iranian. Premier Mohammed Mossadegh, who "had-
.nationalized oil wells.. Roosevelt, who called the coup a joint British-'
American, intelligence operation, was said to have slipped into Iran secretly and
masterminded the coup-=which-left the shah.- once again in complete control of
the country ,from a basement hiding place -- s _ '
where the stiefcy wleksrt lias
'But where the stici~y wicket lies as far as the British oil firm is concerned is.
Roosevelt's mention of the secret activities of theAnglo?Iraniaa Oil Co.,.British~
Petroleum's predecessor company.
As explained by McGraw-Hill, the CIA checked over Roosevelt's manuscript
before it was published and asked that references:to the British intelligence unit
:called MI 6. be deleted. The British apparently do not even acknowledge the
existence of such an organization, . ;:; _. :c ~; ?:_; _.=..;.;:
So Roosevelt.. substituted the Anglo-Iranian Oil,Co, which 25 years-agog
.became BP, for all his references to MI 6:
A spokesman--for. -McGraw Hill could not. say why Roosevelt- chose to
,substitute that specific oil company's name and the authorcould not be reached
for comment. But the Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. was one of the group of foreign-run
oil companies thatMossadegh nationalized
' uit..wrong and quits libelous'
"Our corporate. lawyers, needless. to say, got quite upset about this," said
.Charles Cook; a: London spokesman for.BP. "It implied that we helped organize
the coup, which is quite wrong and quite libelous."
-; .: McGraw~Hill~sgreed- and sent out a recall notice on Aug.17. rThe book had'
_been. sent to about 80 ?reviewers and several. hundred copies had gone to-
;bookstores.. fsy .; -' a -
"We've ``gotten about' 85%: back," said Donald Rubui, a McGiawHill
spokesman.
4 r -Y.
'-The book will be revised by Roosevelt and the look company Is shooting fora.
mid-Januaryredistribution date.-,. `:We think the changes will improve the quality of the book," Rubin said.,
STAT
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5
ARTICLE 11 p.kQd For Release 2004/10/13: CIA-RDP88-01315R0001005
ON PAGE-_ _, THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
6 November 1979
The Goo Agrinst ..
`Courntercoup'..low
A Book Disappeared
The Strange Story . Of a Fight'
Involving Spies, Oil Firm
And a NewYork Publisher
By DAVID IGNATIUS
-staff Reporter of 1'RY. WaLL STREHTJOC32NAL.
t: ~'i.SH?INGTON-The plot-a quarrel in-
volving a major multinational oil company,
a gaggle of British and American spies, and
a big New York book-publis.bing.concern-
sounds like an espionage thriller gone hay-
wire. . .
The Intrigue surrounds. a book called
"Countercoup," written by a- former Central.
I telligence Agency operative, named Ker
. Mr. R?oosevelt's adventures supervising a
1953 coup in Iran. This countercoup, as Mr.
Roosevelt calls it, had been organized by
British and American intelligence to topple
an allegedly pro-Soviet regime.
"Countercoup" was published In August
by McGraw-Hill Book Co., a unit of MYlc-
Graw-Hill.Inc. Copies were in the hands of
reviewers several months ago, and the book
ton-area bookstores.
But it wasn't supposed. to be on sale any-
where; the entire first edition of 7,5C0-copies
has been "scrapped," according to Victor
DeKeyserling, director of publicity for the
McGraw-Hill book-publishing. concern. Mr.
DeKeyserling says he. sent telegrams to
about 70 reviewers and to book distributors
Informing them that the book had been with-
drawn, and would be destroyed, because of
a revised edition will- be "reissued"'next
spring rr am*i j, r L k -..
What sort of mistake could be so'awful that, it: would cause a publisher to: recall. an.
entire first edition?-And why would' a major.
oil company put pressure on the publisher to
Mr. Roosevelt's. Story,',
Our.story gets a bit murky here. and we,
must rely on the account that has been of-
. fered by Mr., Roosevelt. to a. number of his;: I
old CIA. friends. Mr.. Roosevelt has.- con-
scribing the activities of: a British intelli
gence.unit-M.r 6-that doesn't even. like to
acknowledge its existence,-let alone its role.'..
fn planning Mldeag coups
STAT
The CIA, to which Mr. Roosevelt submit-
ted his manuscript for prepublication re--
view., insisted that any direct references to-
-British intelligence would have to go. Mr.
so that they referred, instead to Anglo-Iranian
Oil Co., a predecessor of the multinational
,giant, British Petroleum Co. Ltd. (BP is
51% owned by the British government and
among other things, is the parent of Standard
Oil Co. of Ohio, or Sohio.)
Sticky wicket for BP. Mr. Roosevelt's ed-
itorial change suggested either that BP's
predecessor had been providingcover for in-
telligence operations in Iran or that it had
nwintainted a covert action program or its
own. When BP executive; learned what was
in the book, they raised what Mr. Roosevelt
has described to friends as a "huge pro-
test
"Wrong" and Maybe "Libelous'-
. velt and McGraw-Hill and. told them that
statements in the book that Anglo-Iranian
had helped organize the coup were "wrong;.
inaccurate and thought to be libelous," ac
cording to BP spokesman Rupert Hodges.
McGraw-Hill, after doing some checking of
its own, moved to recall the book.
Alas, BP's indignant protest was a bit
late. In August, some. books had arrived at
bookstores, and a few booksellers promptly
displayed them. A retired CIA official re-
ports that "a. whole stack of them" could
still be found last week at a? bookstore in
McLean, Va., only a few miles from the
CIA's headquarters.
"Something went awry." one former in-
telligence officer observes. -
ies of Mr. Roosevelt's book actually got into
the hands of bookstores and reviewers, and.
that 85% of these have been returned to- the
company since the recall notice went out
Aug. 17. The recall hasn't been publicized.
And as for the copies that remain in Wash-
ington-area bookstores, ."if people don't
says Donald Rubin, director of public affairs.
1for the-parent McGraw-Hill Inc. .
Before the last remaining copies of the
first edition are snapped up, here's a brief
summary of what.readets.weren't supposed
W. Roosevelt states, on page three. that
"the original proposal for Ajax. (the Code
name for the coup) came from the Anglo-
Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) after its expul-
sion?from Iran nine months, earlier." Odd,.
perhaps. for an. oil company 'to- propose-
overthrowing _a foreign government, but
it was in November 1952 that "the AIOC ap-
It seems the British oil magnates, led by
someone named John Cochran, proposed to
Mr. Roosevelt "nothing less than. the over-
throw of Mossadegb, ' who was at that time-
prime minister of Iran. Later that year, Air:
Roosevelt says, on page 119, "the British-
AIOC-journeyed to Washington ... purely
for operational discussions." Finally, on
page 153,. the reader discovers that, "un-
knowingly, AIOC.-and the CIA shared an--
agent-we called him Rosenkrantz. - .
McGraw-Hill.. ofticiais won't discuss the.-
revisions that. are being made in "Coun-
tercoup." "We` think the - changes- -king
made- in_ the book will only improve it.
That's the long and shor* of it," the corn-
ny's Mr. Rubin says.
Despite gossip around Washington that
BP had. offered at one point to help finance
the reissue of "Countercoup,- both 111Ir.
Rubin of McGraw-Hill and: Mr. Hodges of.
BP categorically deny that any such pro.
posal seas made. "In no case is :'+TcGraw -sill
going to. accept money directly or indirectly
from any third party," Mr. Rubin says. -
Mr. Rubin also insists that there- hasnt
,.,been any "pressure" from .the CIA or any
other U.S.. agency. Nobody at McGraw-Hill
has even talked.: with the CIA about the
'i book, he adds.
At the CIA, spokesman Herbert Hetu con--
firms that there weren't any discussions
with McGraw-Hill. The agency did. object to
Mr. Roosevelt's initial plan to mention. Brit-
ish intelligence, he says, but.it didn't sug.
gest the unfortunate choice of Anglo-Iranian .
as a substitute, "We would normally take
out references to activities with other intell -
gence services,:"-. Mr. Hetu says. "Ano---
i ` Tales of the "Countercoup" fiasco have been
making the rounds among CIA alumni for,
i several weeks. One particularly embarrass-'
h tha/':
k ing mi na in fhe }mk Is a photogra
p
supposedly shows Iranians demonstrating-
during- the 1950s= in favor of the since-de-
posed shah;: the ' photograph Is captioned,.
"Crowds fill . the-streets in support of the
shah _ ?.. - t