RUSSIANS SAY AN EX-C.I.A. MAN WHO SPIED IN INDIA HAS DEFECTED

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CIA-RDP90B00184R000100010004-4
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RIFPUB
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U
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3
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December 27, 2016
Document Release Date: 
September 19, 2012
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4
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Publication Date: 
October 20, 1967
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OPEN SOURCE
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11:7. rem! Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/09/19: CIA-RDP90B0018456100010004-4 1MiS' Russians Say an Ex-C.I.A . Man Who Spied in India Has Defected I By RAYMOND H. ANDERSON Special to The New York Time, MOSCOW, Oct. 24 ? Aning members of the army's Gen- American who identifed him-' eral Staff. self as a former agent of the Mr. Smith indicates in an in- troduction to the excerpt pub- 1.1 Central Intelligence Agency lished today that insights about was reported today to have de- the activities of the C.I.A. are fected to the Soviet Union. to be expected in his book. An excerpt from a book "It is impossible to keep written by the American, John secrets from code clerks be- cause of the nature of their Smith of Quincy, .Mass., pur- work," he writes. porting to expose United Mr. Smith says that, besides States espionage activities in serving in the embassy in India, India, is printed in the latest he worked in embassies in Cey- edition of Literaturnaya Ga- Ion, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Afghanistan. zeta, the weekly organ of the . The defector alleges that he Union of Soviet writers. was persecuted and forced to The book is considered by quit the diplomatic service be- some observers in Moscow to cause of nonconformist politcal be the latest volley in a spy- views and disagreement with book duel between the Soviet United States foreign policies. Before he came to the Soviet Union, he writes, he wandered through many countries, includ- ing Australia, Switzerland and Italy. Mr. Smith does not make it clear when he arrived in the Soviet Union. The United States Embassy in Moscow said that it had no information about him. Union and the West. It fol- lows the publication in Britain last month of "Man From Mos- cow" by Greville M. Wynne, a Briton sentenced to eight years in a Soviet prison in 1963 as an accomplice of Col. Oleg V. Penkovsky, who was executed as a traitor. Mr. Wynne was released the next year in an exchange for a Soviet spy jailed in Britain. The Soviet spy, Gordon A. Lonsdale, was sentenced in 1961 to 25 years in prison by the British as the "directing mind" of an espionage ring at the Portland naval base. After his return to Moscow, Lonsdale published a book, "Spy," in 1965. Authenticity Challenged Tass Reports on Defector MOSCOW, Oct. 24 (AP)? According to a summary in Tass, the Soviet press agency, Mr. Smith served in the United States Navy and went to work 11 for the State Department in 1950. He was said to have spent his first 17 years in Quincy, About the same time, the Mass. receiving his education alleged memoirs of Colonel at Thayer Academy in nearby Penkovsky were published in Braintree. Then he worked at the United States under the yards that manufactured war- title "The Penkovskiy Papers." ships before he volunteered for The book, the authenticity of the Navy. which has been challenged, After studying at naval sheds light on the operations of schools, Tass said, he was sent Soviet intelligence, into permanent service at a In turn, the book of the self- special liaison department of t styled Central Intelligence the Navy, which was engaged Agency man purports to expose in deciphering enemy codes. operations of that agency. After the war, it said, he at- ' Tho author, who has taken tended Washington University. Soviet citizenship and now lives According to the account, in Moscow, says that he was Mr. Smith and an agent called " recruited by the C.I.A. while he Pete Petersen" taped conver- was serving in the United States sations of the Indian military. Embassy in New Delhi as a dip- Meanwhile, it said, his wife, lomatic code clerk. "Mary London Smith, who He describes in detail a plot worked with the C.I.A., sup- Inposedly told him about "many which he says he played the secret agents of the C.I.A. key role in gaining access to the secret codes of an unidentified among the Indian military." nonaligned nation. The nation's pro-Soviet poli- Soviet Motive Assailed cies were troubling Washing- special to The New York Times ton, he says. WASHINGTON, Oct. 24 ? Mr. Smith identifies John United States intelligence of fi- Waller, John Marsh and other cials suggested today that the diplomats in the United States Soviet Government was pub- Embassy in New Delhi in the licizing the memoirs of an al- L nineteen-fifties as fellow con-lleged American defector from 5,1 spirators in the employ of ,the the Central Intelligence Agency 7 Central Intelligence Agency. to offset publicity about the He asserts that the agency re- recent defection of a Soviet in- cruited agents among the top telligence official, Lieut. Col. Indian military leaders, includ- Yevgeny Y Runge. Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/09/19: CIA-RDP90B00184R000100010004-4 Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/09/19: CIA-RDP90B00184R000100010004-4 WERE U. S. DIPLOMATS ? BLIND TO THE CRISIS? WASHINGTON?The contention has been advanced that the State Depart- meut downgraded the possibility of war in the Middle East and found itself to- tally unprepared when the crisis came to a head. Such a view was expressed by the former U. S. charge: d'affaires in Cairo, David C. Nes. Mr. Nes was the acting chief of the U. S. Embass,: in Cairo. His was the ; responsibility evacuating Ameri( an personnel from 1.1:erot, a job he bit it it off without a NI ch. 5iit when /qr. Mis ryai lied his horne Baltimore, he voiced it few observa- 111 tiOns Which stunned male of his col- iengues'' at the State Department. In eOnversat ions with newsmen, Mr. Nes made these points? ? Despite warnings from Cairo early 4!: this year, the State Department made no *efforts to deter Carnal Abdel Nasser from his military adventure. ? Washington ignored repeated pleas ?,, from the Cairo Embassy to send a top- flight trouble shooter to Cairo. ? When a new U. S. Ambassador ar- rived in Egypt and was asked about the impending crisis, he replied: "What State Department reaction to the Nes t statement- Warnings had been received of troubh to come, but there was little i;. the:, U: S. I Mild do about it. 1;. REAL COST TO ISRAEL ON THE BATTLEFIELD ;1 Just how badly was Israel hurt, in -jterms of killed and wounded, by the ;1 Mideast conflict? !, When judged against Arab losses?as shown by the chart on this page?the Israeli casualties seem minor. In relation to population, however, Is- . rads losses appear in a different light. Compare, for example, Israeli casualties iii the war's six days with U. S. casual- ties in six years of fighting in Vietnam, measure them against the populations of the two countries, and this picture emerges? o In battle deaths, on a population basis, Israel's were nearly five times as Itch as those of the U. S. e III wounded, on the same basis, Is- were three times as high. The figures that back this up? The U. S. population is about 76 tliat ? if Israel. iirael Ii al 679 killed in the Mideast in pact equal to 51,604 deaths i.. the U. S. population. American bat- C.! deallis in Vietnam have been 10,958. ? Israel had 2,563 wounded?equal to tie. impact of 194,788 casualties in the THE SCORE ON MIDEAST WAR LOSSES These, are the losses suffered by each side in the Israeli-Arab conflict, as compiled from both offi- cial and unofficial sources. Some figures are firm. Most are estimates. -16,t1po ISM ? ? ?Wide World Photo CASUALTIES Israel 679 killed, 2,563 wounded, 16 captured Arab countries 15,000 killed, 50,000 wounded, 11,500 captured Egypt's losses are estimated at 7,000 to 10,000 killed, many thousands wounded, 10,500 captured. Jordan's: 15,000 killed and wounded. Syria's: 35,000 killed, wounded and captured. Israel AIRCRAFT 21 planes destroyed Arab countries 441 planes destroyed Israel 61 destroyed TANKS Arab countries 670 destroyed, 100 to 300 captured intact Israel NAVAL FORCES No losses reported Arab countries 2 or 3 Egyptian submarines sunk A few Egyptian rocket boats damaged Israel ECONOMIC LOSS 100 million dollars in military equipment, lost business, salaries, etc. Arab countries 700 million dollars in weapons, aircraft, supplies and ammunition, plus hundreds of millions in interrupted oil sales, Suez Canal revenues and tourist spending IN ADDITION: Israel, through capture, gained a great arsenal. Up to 300 Russian-built tanks, taken from the Egyptians, are judged to be Immediately usable. Also captured by the Israelis: ? A complete missile base, equipped with Soviet surface-to-air rockets ? Hundreds of field guns, more than 70,000 tons of ammunition ? Thousands of trucks and other vehicles ? A large part of the supplies and equipment 'of seven Egyptian divisions .. Declassified . and Approved For Release 2012/09/19: CIA-RDP90B00184R000100010004-4 - Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/09/19: CIA-RDP90B00184R000100010004-4 could be home to living organisms. In balloonlike form, Venusian life could float in the dense atmosphere, never ap- proaching the searing surface. In the Clouds. Of the planetary en- vironments investigated so far by tele- scope and space probe, the scientist, write in Nature, conditions in the atmo phere of Venus resemble those on edit. more than anywhere else. In the lowI. Venusian clouds, they say, there is ci,1? bon dioxide, water and sunshine?pi-L.. requisites for photosynthesis. The tem- peratures are chilly, but above free. , .g. If small amounts of minerals v,e,:e stirred up to the clouds from Venus' sur- face, the scientists believe that an in- digenous biology?based entirely on biochemical principles observed on earth?could exist. Because the organisms would encoun- ter severe cold if they drifted farther up in the clouds, or extreme heat if they descended too far toward the sur- face, Morowitz and Sagan speculate that they must be regulated to hover at an essentially fixed altitude. Thus, the organisms could well take the form of a gasbag or float bladder containing hy- drogen gas?which the organism itself could produce by decomposing water. Greenhouse Effect. Depending on the thickness of the membrane, they ca,- culate, the organisms could range from the size of a pingpong ball to more com- plex and thicker-skinned gas spheres many times larger. Despite their inter- nal hydrogen, Sagan jokes scientifically, there would be little danger of min- iature Hindenburg disasters; there is lit- tle or no free oxygen in the Venusian atmosphere to support an explosion of hydrogen. To critics who point out that it wouiu be difficult for life to arise spontaneous ly in the atmosphere, Morowitz anti Sagan have a ready answer: it did not. ,Instead, they postulate, ancient Venus had a much thinner atmosphere; its sur- face, now superheated by the green- house effect of a thick carbon-dioxide- filled atmosphere, was once cool enough to spawn life. As more gas was spewed into the atmosphere by volcanic action, however, the surface temperatures grad- ually became unbearable and could have driven the more buoyant organisms into the clouds, where they evolved and may well exist today. SCIENCE ECOLOGY Fighting for Aldabra Almost 10% of the wildlife on the tiny raised atoll of Aldabra, 400 miles cast of Africa, can be found nowhere else on earth. Owing to its isolation, Al- dabra's ecosystem has remained unique. Soaring with 7-ft. wingspreads at al- titudes of more than half a mile, hun- dreds of thousands of frigate birds, which use Aldabra as their major In- dian Ocean nesting site, blot 'out the rays of the sun. Thousands of rare giant land tortoises, some 4-ft. across and weighing as much as 600 lbs., creep across the pitted coral and ridged lime- stone surface of the island. Tiny flight- less rails nestle amidst Aldabra's bushy scrub and mangrove forests, while above them swoop red-footed boobies, sacred . ibises and fruit-eating bats. Twenty of the island's plant species are nonexistent elsewhere in the world; so are a host of its insect inhabitants. Aldabra, with only a tiny human colo- ny on one of its islands, is to scientists a unique natural laboratory for the study of evolution; as early as 1874, Charles Darwin fought successfully to keep the atoll unsullied by man. Now British scientists once again have to fight for Aldabra. The opposing force: Her Majesty's Defense Ministry, which late last year announced that Britain was weighing the possibility of develop- ing the island as a major airbase and satellite tracking station in cooperation with the U.S. Collision Hazard. Building such a base on Aldabra would be an ecologi- cal disaster, said Britain's Royal So- ciety of scientists in a memorandum to Defense Minister Denis Healey last May. Healey responded noncommittally, so the society mounted an eleven-man midsummer expedition to the island to prove its point. This month, seven members of the group returned after studying Aldabra's ? ROYAL SOCIETY --- ? . 'k AtT ' , ? 4.,..i.,,,?_rA71,-A5.3,-,42.2q.. ,e- ? - ?-Nir-4,for wildlife and the hazards posed to it by the construction of such a base. To es- tablish an airstrip on Aldabra would require dredging and damming the atoll's 18-mile-long lagoon, creating a harbor and building a I3-mile cause- way from the harbor to the airstrip. Such an invasion of bulldozers, con- crete mixers and men, said the sci- entists, would irreversibly damage the ecosystem of the island. They added that the frigate birds would constitute one of the worst aircraft-collision haz- ards in the world. The frigate is a sea bird that spends its adolescent years far from the island, returning to mate only after it is mature. Each year, a new crop of adults arrives for the mat- ing ritual, thus posing a problem to aircraft that could last longer than a dec- ade even if an extermination program were undertaken. Healey has remained noncommittal. "No decision has yet been made on the use of Aldabra for defense purposes," he 'said. But the scientists were obvious- ly unwilling to settle for bureaucratic vagueness. One biologist dryly noted that, of course, the giant land tortoise could always survive in the London Zoo. "The Union Jack flying over Alda- bra is evidence of our custodianship of a biological treasure house," the mag- azine New Scientist reminded Healey. "It is not a license to kill." EXOBIOLOGY Gasbags of Venu,s, After four-month journeys through space, Russia's Venus 4 and the U.S. Mariner 5 spacecraft will both reach Venus this week. No matter what the space probes find, most scientists have already written off the possibility that Venusian life exists; the planet's ap- parent surface temperature is approxi- mately 800? F., above the melting point of lead. Just the same, say Astronomer and Exobiologist* Carl Sagan and Biophys- icist Harold Morowitz, it is conceivable that earth's nearest planetary neighbor * Exobiology: the science of extraterrestrial life. 60 , 4.0ailiesioNsakaa" GIANT LAND TORTOISES Better there than the zoo. RA ATOLL Main Channel (harbor & dam Red-footed proposed) boobies MIDDLE ISLAND agO?11. WEST SOUTH ISLAND o 2 1 mf. TIME Map by V. Puglisi git14 land tortoises osed ield Frigate- brrds ? TIME, OCTOBER 20, 1967 Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/09/19: CIA-RDP90B00184R000100010004-4