CIA: CRITICISM, INQUIRY, ANTAGONISM

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP91-00901R000500180007-0
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
K
Document Page Count: 
2
Document Creation Date: 
December 9, 2016
Document Release Date: 
December 29, 2000
Sequence Number: 
7
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
February 5, 1973
Content Type: 
NSPR
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP91-00901R000500180007-0.pdf152.89 KB
Body: 
Approved For Release 2001/03 A 1?fT(,):?[.,(1 i.? . re,I.T.,..,!..:,.--0',,,,., ..,....0 ,.?...:,,,,,,i,?.?),...,...? WASIIINGTON?Since the Day of Pigs, when the 'United States lost its gamble under the Kennedy administra- tion to overthrow Fidel Castro, the Cen- tral Intelligence Agency has suffered in many areas of public opinion. It has also. suffered internally, going thru a succession of directors and los- ing. other hey people under three Presi- dents [starting with Kennedy] who did not totally believe what the CIA reports were saying. The CIA was created in 1945 by the late President Truman las the Central Intelligence Group] from the skeleton of the wartime Office of Strategic Stud- ies. It was formed in an effort to col- lect information [or spy] on other na- tions as rimeli as they did en us. From the start, it was an ageincy cloaked in semi-secrecy noted for generating de- bate An early director, Adm, Roscoe H. 'Hillenhoetter, had warned the Truinan administration of the then impending Communist invasion of Siouth Korea? and apparently was replaced for his accurate prediction by Gen. Walter Bo.. dell Smith. Smith then grabbed headlines 1clurin7. the Sen. Joseph H. :\leCariny periodl by statirG; in public there was a "moiiai certainty" that ComronniA stie: iii'id peneina:cd every securi:y aLi.ency in Washimiton. Smith did not lost long at the CIA .after that and was replaced by the 7 ""if ? v ri ,STATINTL ?11 -009 0 CV "11'; ;.f r.. ?23 ? pipe-smoking Allen W. Dulles, brother of John Foster Dulles, President Eisen- hewer's secretary of state. Dulles put McCarthy down after the senator charged there were double agents oper- ating within the CIA. .the first civilian chief of the CIA, came off as sort cif a super-spy because of his exploits in the 055 dur- ing World War 11. After staving off :\IcCarthy, he continued to build the CIA froth a small iiilency [starting with 1,500 agents] to a ?.7orldwide network that began to do more than make esti- mates of what foreign powers might do. Still, the Hoover commission looked do the operations of the agency and up with a report saying it was lacking in collecting "inteliigence data from behind Ulu Iron Curtain." ..\lcan- while, die CIA squabbled with the arias el' the three military soi vices. In one cciie it had cron.i.ih cleat to E;et the Army's chief of intellinomie C- i!.1 fired. By 1103 the CIA was speriding a scar ;now it is shC!Iniid ;-ibout. 3 billion]. A year lalur it v,ai; warnini:.!; that there was an intcm,n,ic Oiimmuni:t drive UiefiViiV in latu America. And than ii if bei-ian to fall in en lia,! enciy after its waiii shot down ne incident causal even 11 di:. iii and the ciincellatien ei summit meetini,, STATI NTL Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RD with a public trial of pilot Francis C. The pablie clamor really began, (ho, after the attempted lava ion of Cuba ordered bv laic President Kerinedi.,,, The Into lIobert F. Kennedy per.sonally ran an investiiation of the ni:-,ency us lit mime for the fiasco begin to fall on the CIA for furnishing faulty-data. All- ti' a shoi't period of grace, Dulles left as director to be replaced by John A, 7:IcCone, a business executive.. Adm. William F. [fled] Raborn in the Johnson administration, biggest early flap v,-as a charge the CIA got involved in an incleosian government upheaval. Put the _involve- ment also spread to the Congo, Viet Nam, and apparently to some domestic. ir,telligence activities. The deputy diree- liom then was Richard Helms, a career inanaement expel L. Helms moved up to director during the Johnson era of 111K, a ssu trig Con- gress that the CIA did not c,-ante for- eign policy. Helms eentiiiued to feel public .heat because of the CIA financ- ing of foundation.; a.nd situient activi- ties. IIc was defended by Sen. Kennedy at the. time. When 'Mr: Ni7,:on became Prerident, one of his first naoves \vas to install a truAed associate of lom.i standrig--Ma- ririe Gen. iloic.irt Cushinan?rr; deptity director of the CIA. After, getting his own reading on the ai,tiney, Vic Presi- dent promoted Cushman to comman- dant of the corps--anti is rimd;:e Helms to I r:11 row we will repiirt on the new dircic?-, THE NEW YORK UNIVERSITY JOURBAL OF INTERN.ATIONAL LAW & POLITICS ApprOved For Release 200V3V071a4-RIDV1914-130901R0 TOWARD LEGISLATIVE CONTROL OF THE STANLEY N. FUTTERMAN* - t ? I. INTRODUCTION \, Eveiy few years the C.I.A. is rediscovered. The inspiration is rarely the same: Guatemala in 1954; the 1.1-2 incident in 1960; the Bay of Pigs in 1961; support for the National Students Association in 1967. This year it is mainly Laos. ? How far the Nixon Administration has been forced to come in the past year in acknowledging the C.I.A.'s role in Laos may be seen by a comparison of two official reports. In March, 1970, in .response to increasingly detailed newspaper reports and rising pres- sures from Congress, President Nixon issued a 3,000 word statement on Laos, including a nine point description of "the precise nature of our aid to Laos."' There was no mention of the Central intelli- gence Agency. On August 3, 1971 he Senate Foreign Relations Committeereleased a staff report on the situation in Laos, cleared for publication by the Administration after 5 weeks of negotiation with the Committee staff. The published report reflects numerous deletions insisted on by the Administration but includes the now officially conceded revelation that "the most effective [friendly] ?military force in Laos is not the Royal Lao Army, but the... irregu- lar forces which are trained, equipped, supported, advised, and to a great extent, organized by the C.I.A."2 There have been revelations about C.I.A.. foreign operations before and official or semi-official confirmations of them. What is unusual about the official confirmations of C.I.A. operations in Laos is that they have been forced. out of the Administration while the activities are still in progresi. The revelations come also at a time when the Congress is heavily engaged in an effort to legislate limits to the President's discretion in foreign affairs. These events have led to the introduction in the present Con- gress of several bills which comprise the first proposed legislation intended to bring the C.I.A.'s foreign operations under substantive legislative restraints. It is not that past years were without con- gressional flurries over the C.I.A. Over the years some 132 bills had been introduced either to establish standing committees to oversee the C.I.A.'s activities or to authorize special investigations of the! C.I.A.'s role. Not one passed, and only two ever reached the floor ..of even one House, where both Were decisively defeated by better , than two-thirds majorities.3 The remarkable thing is that the activity was all confined, to jurisdictional battles within the Congress. The traditional issue has been which small group of Senators and Rep- resentatives would be privy to the doings of the C.I.A. Not until 1967 was the first bill introduced to limit what the C.I.A. could do with its funds: Rep. Ryan's measure to prohibit the C.I.A. from contributing funds to domestic organizations.4 The Johnson Administration avoided what surely would have been con- siderable pressure for such legislation only by. announcing that all ? existing covert financial assistance to the nation's 'educational and private organizations would be terminated by about the end of the year.5 More recently, Congress has compelled the Nixon Administra- tion to terminate covert C.I.A. funding of Radio Free Europe and Radio. Liberty and forced it to seek legislation to pre-vide open gov- ? Approved Fromdieleialteg20OV/080#17.6: CIA-RDP91-00901 R000500180007-0