A CHRONICLE OF MODERN ESPIONAGE THAT CARRIES A LIVE BOMB

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 8, 2005
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 30, 1970
• Content Type: NSPR

.VE1f7. OEs: Triu]si
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BOSTON MASS. ?
HERALD TRAVE.,proved For Release 2005/12/14: CIA-RDP91-00901R
? 216,305
S 298,557
- OCT 2 (1. 1970
' ? .
? ? ? - and. was misled into ch
P Ltiharnel
lug side's; ? Cuba, when he
Y i supplied reports to the .CI.Aa
00600300003-9
_
s-s4 . ? ? . ? ? ? ? e Washington . during the 1950's
? -when`he supplied Allen Dulles
? - - .
1111 01
and Gen. Walter Bedell Smith
t C21
with proof of how the Soviets
? .,'..sere."
hacl infiltrated the French
? ? - , government. at the highest
r .11
u
- ? s If "Lamia" ttunecl out to be another aliag for
Spy:Who-Came-In-out-of-the-Cold author John la
- -Carre, it would bp a lot easier to accept than as
advertisecl, the code name for De .Gaulle's chief-of
intellie*Yence in Washington. If half of what "Lamia"-
has written in a book published earlier this month
*With that title (344 pp. Little, Brown $6.95) is true,
- . then Henry Ford was right ? "History. is bunk."
The other_ half of "Lantia" the sacrifice or determined
can be dismissed as. the , men to keep their liberties.
v,aporings of an intelligepce- Once "Larnia" was in
for-hire who v,?as outsmarted North Africa and assigned to
by his employes .and who is work for the Free French, he
-.trying to get his own *back. began handling secret docu-
, ? "Lamle" became involv- Illent's which convinced him
ed in intelligence work way that De Gaulle was Ion in-
back in 1943 when his know]. terested in -assuring those
edge of the country round liberties for all Frenchmen
and about the small town ef than in out-maneuvering his
iltemorantin in the center of. campetitor, General Giraud.
Vrance ? 'enabled hint -to -'At this 'point "Lamle's". view
- smuggle many. people ? 'of history becomes a view of
history as conspiracy. From
especially Jews ? across the
Cher River from German-
, administered France into so-
called free, Vichy-administer-
ed France. Caught pp by the
police on a trip to Paris when
he was acting as a courier for
? British intelligence, he was ? more preoccupied with get-
forced to flee to North Africa ting five stars on his license
.by, way of ?Spain and plate than anything else.
Portugal. ? When, after 24 hours of
bickering and the General
-UP TO THIS poinf the
history of "Lamia" is under-
could think of nothing else,
stated, a believable account
;
he got his five stars, lie was
of. how the French under-
tearfully grateful. Vanity vanity, all is vanity.
of
..
ground developed under Ger- As read "Letitia," the
man occupation. ?A man here .
with special knowl e d g.e, author was in on all the great
another there irritated by the decisions in the history of the
level.
TAIcE -ANY significant
? ; event in recent history from
?,. the, trials, in Warsaw of the
' French consul Robineau to.:
the doings of the Red Hand
who supported nationalists in I,
Algiers and "Lamle" has the
story behind the story.
. History for him has no con-- *
tinuity. History Is the reSult*
of conspiracies. ?
Thp trouble with this view
of history is that it is irrefut-
able, , insidious. Who can
attack this mountain of al-
legations. and cut it down to a ,
molehill. There are more in-
sinuations -- let alone out-
right accusations --- here
than a historian could review
in a lifetime.. . .
? "Lamle" blew his cover on '
Oct. 18, 1963, when'he walk-
ed out of the French embassy '
in Washington and headed for
Mexico where he asked for, '
political asylum under his rf'
real name P.L. Thyraud does/
Vosjoli. He stayed there for a '
year until he could apply for
a visa to return to the United
States as a visitor whereehe
now lives as a political
refugee.
? If he were writing as a
-thriller writer, as an alias le
Carre, ? there- would be no
problem. Writing as a t?
serious, reliable witness to
events of the last 20 years,
he challenges the integrity of
all the great participants, De
Gaulle preeminently, 'and the
view roost of us have of...
? history. For most of U5
? history is the record of
? heroism; for him it is the
! blotter of vanities. . .
! (P. Albert Dichamei is Her-
ald Traveler literary editor.)
now on the book reads like a
clinical study in the .psychic
abnormalities of . generals
mad, all mad. When Gen.
De Lattre de Tassigny visit-
ed Washington in 1951 he wa5
"Beene," got together and be-
gan taking concerted action
cutting wires, blowing bridges
and derailing trains, To this
point history is intelligible as
'world ? not the East or the
West, but the world ? from
1943 until 1063. These involv-
ed Indochina when the United
States was supporting the
Vietminh led by Ho Chi Minh
?
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ApIRWilIM Release 2005/12/14 : CIA-RDP91-00901R
lt - 190 , 169
S - 302,042
APR 1 01969
Inlet
igence officer re
INTELLIGENCE AT THE
TOP, by Major General Sir
Kenneth Strong, Double-
day, $G.p5.
Perhaps the worst time
' for a man SO embark on a
career in the military is
during a time when there
are no wars. This is exaotly-
when the author of this
book began his career.
Sir Kenneth Strong first
used his abilities as an in-
telligence officer in Ireland
during the "troubles." He
didn't. think his work there
was very distinguished be-
cause it consisted of doing
IVIAJOR-GENERAL
SIR KENNETH Sl'RONG
'
THE RECOLLECTIONS
OFA BRITISI I
nothing more than giving
INTELLIGENCE OFF
a few bob to an informer ICER
- ----- -,---.,-_ well written, well illustrated,
"
now and then. His superiors dented eat by the Potsdam and possesses an extremely
i well constructed index. Sir ;
t must have thought differ- and Yalta agreements. Kenneth has gone to much
, ently because he was later A number of interesting effort to substantiate every- ;
sent to Berlin where he bits of information have ? thing he has written about,,
was to acquire invaluable ', come to light in this book. In order to forestall any .
Information for use by the ? One of them is that Admiral charges Of irresponsible i
, Allies during the coming ' C an a r is, chief of the writing. The book is like the .
war. Abwehr, was opposed to : to General Eisenhower's man -- cautious. Nonethe- L'
Sir Kenneth was attached ,Hitler's plan for conquest. less w8 WO reading.rth ? '
( ,
As a result he was the most ,, -.
. , - ,Mark :
staff in North Africa and ' important source of Infer-
..- ,, Behulzinger
followed the General to..
the early days of the war. ?
STAT
Eisenhower and the q
tempered Bedell Smiths,
after the former was elected
President.
Smith seemed to hold Strong in high esteem and
at one time offered him a
position in the CIA. Smith,
.refused because he did not
wish to give up his British
citizenship, although he :
might have felt that Anglo-
American relations were
not yet good enough to
allow an Englishman to
work in an American Intel-
ligence position. ?
The book is extremely
mation for England durin
: ? ??;.'
Europe as intelligence head , Another is that there was
of SHAEF. Working closely apparently a split between .,
with Bedell Smith, later ,. , ? ,'-)j
head of the CIA Strong
: helped arrange-Me Italia!? 1\
surrender. Later he held
key positions in setting up''
the dual surrenders of the
German. military. ,
On of the marks of a
career officer is tact, and e"
this is one of the most,
tactful books I have ever
'read. Although there is
ample precedent for doing t
so, Strong carefully refrains
from criticising any of the
gemtals who operated Y
:under Eisenhower's com-
IP
mand.
What the author does
point out is that a war (
fought by an alliance of
powers is entirely different }
from one fought by a single te
state. The amount of 4,
bickering and political
maneuvering among thei,
Western Allies is almost un-
believable. The German t
leaders were aware of this
infighting and made s
eleventh hour attempts to
Intensify political differ-
ences among the allies in
Order to secure better peace t:
1,iteAlivImakee.AW_strufir truirrge 005/12/14 : CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
thOwer felt his latitude of
?iiegotiatio4 to be _sharply
WSWET3.
Approved For Release Ift5/1241196g1A-RDP91-00901R
ESPIONAGE:
A Spy Goes to Heaven
Hi, was the spy who came in fromthe
, Dulles returned briefly to private prac-
listablis n
hinent?a witty, tweedy, donisn tice but soon found himself helping Har-
sort who fairly doted on James Bond but ry Truman organize the CIA out of the
would have looked silly in a trench coat. remnants of the OSS in 1947, later re-
Allen Welsh Dulles was a middle-aged turning to Washington to consult with the
? international lawyer, well-heeled and then director, Gen. Walter Bedell Smi(h.
? well-wired, when he and the espionage for six weeks on a project. Six weeks
1 business discovered in 1942 that they
i were made for each other. Walter Mitt)/ I turned into eleven years. Dulles was named deputy director in 1950, director
i couldn't have dreamed it better. Dulles !'
ran a brilliantly successful spy network with the advent of the Eisenhower Ad-
under ministration in 1953?an appointment that
Ilitler's nose during World War II, i
put him in tandem with brother Foster,
later?as a planner and then director of ;
??i Ike's Secretary of State, and gave them'
the CIA?built a vast peacetime 'Pk)" i
nage apparatus for a nation that hd extraordinary power over U.S. policy dur-
ing the frigid worst of the cold war.
I .a ;
i hitherto shown neither the taste nor the i v'Keep out of politics," Dulles always
cesses are unheralded, your failures
1 gift for this kind of enterprise. "Your sue- ' ,,, ill, but the fine line between an intelli-
.1 - ,
.. trumpeted," gene? estimate and a policy paper was1
John F. Kennedy once told ',,?,riot always easy to draw. Dulles's CIA
him. But, when he died of the Ilti corn-.
plicated by pneumonia last week in
Washington, Allen Dulles left behind a
STAT
00600300003-9
pointed Dulles and j. Edgar Hoover in !
his first official act, ultimately soured on
the CIA chief for touting the disastrous
Bay of Pigs assault on Cuba. "Dulles is a
legendary figure, and it's bard to operate
wJ with legendary figures," JFK said at the
time, and soon he told Dulles himself,
."Under the British system I would have. ?
to go--but under our ?system, I'm afraid
it's got to be you." It was.
Even in retirement, Dulles continued
the family tradition of service: he sat on .
the Warren commission and he made a
reconnaissance tour of racially tense Mis- ?
sissippi for Lyndon Johnson in 1964-. But
I mostly he worked on his memoirs, anthol-
ogized spy tales and savored his mem-
ories. Ilya Ehrenburg, Stalin's favorite .
- propagandist, once wrote of Dulles that,
if be should somehow get to heaven
, "through somebody's absent-mindedness,
he would begin to blow up the clouds, I
t mine the stars and slaughter the angels."
Dulles presumably was flattered?and,, ?
1. though none of his colleagues believed'
' that he would raise hell in heaven, none ? -
Idoubted that he would at least have a:
good line On the .other side.. ?
pulled off some spectacularly successful
operations, among them the fall of Iran's
anti-American Mossadegh government in
reputation as probably the best Amen- .1,993, the 1954.miti-Communist coup in
'
can intelligence chief of his generation. ;Guatemala and a world scoop on Nikita_
He was born 75 years ago into one of
!
those families that seem marked for pub-
Khruslichevs anti-Stalin speech to the
!lie service, if not precisely for spying. Twentieth Soviet Communist Party Con-
His father was a Presbyterian minister,
gress in 1956. A possibly apocryphal tale
an influence that showed less on Allen , has it that Dulles sold Eisenhower on the,
U-2 spy plane by showing him photos
than on his austere big brother John
of the Augusta National Golf Course shot
Foster, and there were two Secretaries
. from 70,000 feet up?yet so detailed that ?
of State and an ambassador to the Court
of St. James's in the family. Allen, bright rke coot(' spot a golf ball on a green. The
and implacably jolly, followed Foster U-2, ii any event, was Dulles's baby, and,.
through Princeton and the Foreign Serv-
until Francis Gary Powers's spy plane was
,ice (including a tour in Woodrow Wil -
;
_ brought down in 1960 by a Soviet Missile ? ;
,son's peacemaking mission to Versailles), heard 'around the world, the operation
! then into law practice in New York. He was one of the most lavishly profitable in
took occasional government errands, but all espionage history.
not till his pal the late William J. (Wild Torpedo: Yet Americans have always
Bill) Donovan, head of the World War been squeamish about clandestine opera-
11 of Strategic Services, offered Lions?al fact of life that doubled the
him a job after Pearl Harbor did Dulles protestations and pain when the CIA's
discover his thing. . operations were caught out. The U-2 ad.
Craft: His thing, of course !.
was what venture is recalled less for its successes
,
t
he later called the craft of intelligence, ? han for the fact that it gave Khrushchev:
?
and he plied it masterfully well. Operat-
a chance to torpedo an impending summit
r
ing out of a fifteenth-century house over-
conference. John Kennedy, who eap-
looking the Aar in Bern, Switzerland,
? Dulles mobilized a network of opera-
- lives, magnisards and in (I(in-
Lads reaching into the German Ctim-
' mand. One in form ant, a well-placed
. anti-Nazi, filtered 2,000 top-secret For-
eign Office documents on microfilm from
Berlin to Bern. Another contact, high
in Hitler's Abwchr, tipped him on the
1944 asassination plot against the Full-
rer. Dulles's sources put him onto the
German V-2 rocket 'experiments at
Peenemunde as early as 1943, and sub-
sequent Allied air raids set back the pro-
gram by at least six precious months. His
biggest coup of all came when, after
months of painstaking negotiations with
? high-level Gestapo and German Army
cont?ets, Dulles brought off the surrender
of I million Cerllywdiseipr 1st
fta
Italy almost. a wetitaydet-if benTraw? 'Ono
Reich itself collapsed in 1945.
!.77777
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Dunce: A Mitty dream come true
PROEM"
REPUBLIC
ronia?r, Rele4e 2005/42/14 : CIA-RDP,917009i1 R000600300003-9
- 155,995
S- 231 , 269
EB v?a
STAT
ecurity. Risk. "THE MEMBERS of the security hearing board"
unanimously found that Mr. Davies's lack of judgment,
, discretion, and reliability raises a reasona le doubt
).
When ex-State Department official John Paton Da- i
, , that his continued employment in the Foreign Service
; vies Jr. recently, had his security clearance restored, '1 of the U.S. is clearly consistent with the interests of
:after it had been lifted for 15 years, the reflexive Left national security," Dulles said. "This is -a conclusion
i immediately sprang into action. , ( which I am also compelled to reach as a result of my
The New York Times said that before Davies's secu- .3review of the case. . . .
?
. ,
.rity clearance was withdrawn, he . "went ?through nine .A..1
thies." And. of course it, blamed, ,the entire. flap, . ..
Carthyisni." . - ? ? ? : , . ? ? ' - -. ' ' ' .1 half and?-?w'
c'll.:: witness before them, when he testified on his own be-
'' board that the personal demeanor of Mr. Davies as a
conclusion of i:ie members of the security hearing
"One of' the facts of the record is the .unanimous
. . .
. ,
',security hearings, -nOne.of which turned up any informa- ?
: ton that he was disloyal or had any Communist sympa-....
as subject Jo examination ? did not inspire
I Newsweek did also,' and it, too, talked about the nine :confidence in his reliability and he was frequently less
investigations and the failure to prove disloyalty. But it qthan forthright ,in his response to questions."
I refrained from adding the partabout.failure to turn up .i. . It well 'inay 'be 'that it was proper finally to restore
. i Communist sympathies on Davies's part. ? ... ',Mr. Davies's security- clearance. But that cannot be
i Small Wonder.: For. Davies 'did exhibit Cornmunist Ji Fogarded as vindication .(as Newsweek claimed) for his
!'sympathies. If he was not in fact a Communist, . as:: :?,, judgment. Nor. does 'it mean that Secretary Dulles was_
; Ambassador Patrick Hurley charged, he was unques- ....mistaken.15 years ago! - ? . ? : ., . .. , .
tionably symPathetic. to Mao, Tse-tung and, the entire F. Indeed, under the 'circumstances, the Eisenhower ad- ?
[Chinese Communist .movement.. As China expert Gen. ministration treated Davies 'far ,better than lie- and his.;
rAlbert C. Wedemeyer said about Davies, John Stewart ,' cohorts treated' the , nation'. they supposedly were serv-
'
I Service, Raymond ?Ludden, and John Emmerson (the: ing- all
the; 'while ' they :Verb beating., the .propagand,
, Red China lobbyists ..in the U.S. State Department), , 'ruins.forRedChina
i
,"Their sympathy for the Chinese Communists is ob-??:,? . .
vious in their-reports and in their recommendations
Ithat we back the Communists instead of the National
igovernment."
GRANTED, THIS DOES NOT prove that Davies was,.
*a. Communist. Nor can it be proved, that he was 'a.
1..Communist merely.because of the six people:he most,)
highly recommended for employment and use in .
! big U.S. policy toward China, four had close Commu-1
nist connections. and one had.been exposed by Novern-'I
?itier 1949 (the time,.of.Davies's recommendations) as
fc.:ommunist agent. (One of the *six- was Anna Louise,
'Strong, the longtime Communist who today resides in.,
t- Red China . and .is an apologist for Mao's fanatical re-
gime.).
But it is disingenuous for the Times and Newsweek to..
';'say that no one ever proved that Davies was not disloy-.,:
I al. His loyalty, was never in question, and therefore hadl.
inothing to do with .the removal of his security clear,
lance. . ,? ? '
DAvuss,s CLEARANCE was lifted by Secretary' of'
,State John Foster Dulles, not becanse he was a loyalty
i,c;ase, but because' he was a security risk ? a distinc-
tion very clearly. made by 'Gen. Bedell Smith, 'former
',read of the CIA,, who testified before the-State Depart-
Anent's Loya-Tijr'Itaiew Board in the Davies case.
?'. Dulles was aware that four. Democratic and three.i
Itepublican- senators. on the Internal Security subcom-
mittee -charged that -Davies' "testified falsely before'A
the subcommittee in denying that. he ? recommended',:
that the CIA employ, utilize, and .rely upon certain
individuals'having ? Communist' associations and connec-
itions." , ' ,
The subcominittee'recommended that Davies's fa1se:1
'testimony be turned over to a grand jury. Inswad,
ipzirtly because Dulles-knew bow loudly the Times and ;11
the
led tloib elriattl AmPepdvitaA iwttodu Fldec nsictlriteilalmee t"?wtiri4kc 1_4h yliupm /35. a1 dc&idr6i
P 91 -00901 R00060030000,-9
enough step, in light of Davies's .froquent tergivei"sq.71
tioog while testifylogNr,der,oath. :?, :
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1.6Y
ESPIONAGE
The Hearty Professional
To Allen Welsh Dulles, who died at
75 of pneumonia in a Washington hos-
pital last week, the gathering and in-
terpretation of intelligence was vital to
? American survival in a threatening
world. He modestly described his risky.
arcane calling as a "craft" but pursued
it with an unrelenting enthusiasm and ex-
pertise that helped make the Central In-
telligence Agency?for all its adverse..
-publicity and serious misjudgments?
theVworld's most efficient espionage or-
ganization. British Major-General Sir'
Kenneth Strong, former head of in-
telligence for the Supreme Allied Com-
1?.?
"I was dressed for tennis," Dulles re-
called, "and I had no time for him."
The man, it turned out, was Lenin, and
victory over the U.S. (since then, a sys-
the interview that did pot take place tem of spy satellites initiated under Dtil- STAT
might have changed history. lcs has much surpassed the U-2s).
,
T
Early Surrender. Dulles did change The other was the ill-fated Bay Of
history when he returned to Bern'
in :'Pigs invasion, which led at least in-
1942 as oss chief in Switzerland. A ?
directly to Dulles' retirement seven
. ?
contact known pseudonymously as
months later. Dulles took it all calm-
George Wood, in the German Foreign ; -
ly. CIA directors, he said, were "cx-
Office, sent him more than 2.000 doe-
!
pendable." Ile wrote: "Obviously you
cannot tell of operations that go along
well. Those that go badly generally ;
speak for themselves."
The CIA became involved with caus-
es aimed directly at countering Com-
munist propaganda, like Radio Free Eu-
rope. There were more intellectual ven-
tures, among them an open $300,000
grant to the M.I.T. Center for Inter-
national Studies. The agency also helped ?
finance the National Student Associ-
ation for just over 15 years; until mil-
itant N.S.A. leaders denounced the deal
in 1967. Dulles said dryly: "We ob-
tained what we wanted." Of the Corn- -
munists, he said: "We stopped 'them in
certain areas, and the student area was
one of them."
:At the austere CIA headquarters, a
bas-rclief plaque with Allen Dulles' like-
ness bears the inscription: "His Mon-
ument Is Around Us." It has been 40
PAIR SMITTEN-LIFE
ALLEN DULLES & J.F.K.
Six weeks v. eleven years,
mand in Europe. says of Dulles: "No
more acute intellect has served in the
profession before or since."
His. courtly yet convivial manner
evoked the style of an old-fashioned
prep-school headmaster, but Dulles was
above all the man who professionalized
the intelligence service of the U.S. Be-
fore him, American espionage had been
at best the work of skillful amateurs
whom their countrymen sometimes dis-
dained as unsporting. Dulles was fas-
cinated by the romance and daring of
his trade. In later years he hugely en-
joyed Ian Fleming's James Bond sto-
ries, and was delighted when his lab-
oratory?at his prompting?found that
one of Bond's fictional weapons, a
spring-loaded knife embedded in the
heel of a shoe, actually worked.
He was absorbed by the personal cl-
ement of intelligence gathering. He often
told his juniors of the time that "an in-
significant little milappoolgad?RaioRel
one in authority at the U.S. consulate
in Bern, where Dulles was a minor of-
n,-;?1 inward the end of World War I.
Annents from Berlin. Dulles kept in touch
with the ring of German officers who
, tried to assassinate Hitler on July 20,
1944. He learned of the V-1 and V-2 se- '1
cret-weapons development at the Pee-
ncmiinde research center in time for Al-
lied bombing raids to set the program ;
back for crucial months. '
Dulles' greatest achievement ,in World
War II .was the negotiation of an early
surrender of German troops in Italy, -
which he arranged through a secret ?
meeting with the .SS commanding gen-
eral in a Swiss villa. That act doubtless I
saved thousands of American lives
also infuriated Stalin. who .did not rel-
ish the prospect of a unilateral U.S. set- .
tlement with the Germans. -;
Dulles .had a major role in writing the
- 1947 law that set up the CIA, and in ?
1950, its director, Walter Bedell Smitl
asked him to come to Washington to tal
over revisions in the agency's structure. .years since Secretary of State Henry
"I went to Washington intending to stay Stimson disbanded the only U.S. code-
six weeks," Dulles rembrnbered, re-.1 breaking operation then in existence with
maincd with the CIA for eleven years." the scornful remark. "Gentlemen ? do
He became a deputy director in 1951, -; 'not read each other's mail." Allen Dul-
CIA boss tWo years later. ?!. les was a gentleman, liut he also had a'
Differing Brothers. During most of -bent ? for reading other people's mail. .
the Eisenhower years. Allen and John .'.that was inemous and invaluable. .
Foster, his elder brother and the Sec- "
rctary of State, played a predominant
role in national security. affair. Pres?
byterians both, the two were very dif-
ferent in temperament and style. Fos- ,
tcr. who died in 1959, was a still, as-
cetic intellectual. Pipe-puffing Allen was
a charming extrovert whose laugh would ?
rock a room. To Foster, the more ideo-
logical of the two, Communism was a
morally repugnant philosophy; to Allen,
.more practical, the Soviet Union was a
powerful political and military enemy.
When it seemed that political ad- ,
vantage could be gained, Dulles some-
times risked operations that he super- ?
_vised with cheerful confidence. In 1953,
the CIA helped to 'depose Iran's leftist.
Premier Mohamoied 'Mossadegh, mak-
ing way for the return of pro-Western'
Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlevi from
exile in Rome. The next year, -when
the regime of Guatemalan President Ja-
cob? Arbenz Guzman seemed increas-
ingly pro-Communist, the CIA stage-
managed a civil war that ended in Ar-
bcnz's overthrow. CIA agents dug a tun-
nel from West.. to East Berlin that
succeeded in intercepting Communist
communications until it was discovered. ?
STAT
eadr TrelErkeltnAtp.1R000600300003-9
- One was the Russian capture of U-2
Pilot Francis Powers, which enabled Ni-! ,
-7,
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LIONT1110M7RY, ALA.
ADVERTISER
FEB .? 190D
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S 80.611 ? _
Allen Dune's, An Honorable Spy ,.?..
I ALLEN W. DULLES, who died recently In 1950, Dulles helped draft the legisla-
at. age 75, looked like a happy college ton setting up the Central, Intelligence ,
professer. He had all of the affectations Agency. ,After a short term as deputy
of the absent-minded campus Intellect- director under Gen. Walter Bedell Smith,
yal?high forehead, baggy tweed; rim- Dulles became head of tht.-Nz..--,CJA 40d
less glasses and the everpresent pipe. directed it for 10 years; The CIA post
This facade hid the real Allen Dulles, gave him full vent for his love of in
? , who was a master spy and eager in trigue.
? triguer. He followed his grandfather and He figured there was a 20 per cent ?
,both of whom had been Secretary chance of. overthrowing the communist
of State, as his brother, John Foster, government' of Arbenz Guzman, i n
was later to become, into the .diplomatic Guatemala., In -1054, he sold the idea
? service. But his first assignment was to President Eisenhower. It took 12 days
in intelligence, setting his life's pattern, to seize control of the couitry from..;,
Dulles resigned from the diplomatic Guzman. . .
corps in the 1930s over a salary dispute
Dulles engineered the coup that sent ? .
? he was paid an amount equal to his
Iranian Premier Mossadegh packing and
boss' salary. He spent several years with.
? restored Shah Pahlevi to the peacock-. -
a prestigious New York law firm, work-
throne. He did not always win his battles, '
in,g primarily with the firm's German
91-00901R000600300003-9
STAT
however. Two of his losses were colossal.'
clients, the Thyssen steel trust and the
T'ne Bay of Pigs fiasco brought ridicule.
Farben chemical trust. When the U.S.-
to U.S. intelligence and sowed the seeds ,.
entered World War II, Dulles set up
of doubt about its efficiency, a condition
the Office of Strategic Services tin-
. , w'nich lingers almost' 10 years later. ?
dercover operation in Switzerland, tap-
Dulles didn't like to talk about the Bay'
ping his German. connections for secretof Pigs.
information. . .
, .?
In Switzerland, Dulles perfected the One of Dulles' greatest intelligence '? '
? habit of silence, and the art of drawing achievements backfired, setting 'off an,
others out: , international political furor. He had the .
? , "I have always trieci to have important U-2 reconnaissance plane designed and
?
meetings around a fireplace. There is built. U-2 flights at 70,000 feet over the
some subtle 'influence in a wood? fire Soviet Union provided the U.S. with vital
that makes people feel at ease and less information about the Soviet missile, pro-'..
? , inhibited in their conversation; and if gram. When a U-2 was shot down by
you are asked a question which you are the Russians, Premier Khrushcliev call.,
in no hurry to answer, you can stir . ed off a, Paris summit talk with
up the fire and .study .the patterns the Eisenhower and chilled relations between:
flames make until you have shaped your East and West. .
answer. Ill needed more time to answer, Dulles' accoMplishments, in the service-?
? I always had my pipe handy to fill and of his nation far outweighed his relatively
few boners. In times when the U.S. has, ?
Perhaps it was during a fireplace to employ a vast espionage and in-,
session that Dulles negotiated his major telligence apparatus, there are not many ?
accomplishment of World War. H, the men who can do the' job as cleanly and
early surrender of the German armies honestly as Dulles. He was agentleman .
in Northern Italy. spy.
Approved For Release 2005/12/14 : CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
Approved For Release 2005/12/14: ClA:kijOi9.41009 I 1R000600300003-9
VIRGINIA
0 NOV .1-3Ec?
for an 'Meer direck,r, and vice
WASIIINGT,()N ? versa. If Pse:ildt..rit %tett,: a
?
. ? career r.irecodent by rolainir,-
4i h'?-?????
?%,
.
V
.4
1.?
, ? -?
??-?
:41
Cl
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k
,--4??11
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it ?
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0 ?
16,4
4?11
?
Helms, the irrielligence common
?
? ? ity as presently constitute,
WOUIld
to have no lack o'
se.ein
career talent.
IY .r, ,,,-1, ..p.- .. . -,??-? i', ,,i'l
PL., - t it has wisehi:1cl an 2.1)hi.E.:- groa,
-\ ? Even ?,;1-1.e CLA crillcs ri;;;:ree tha
, ?o 4
-sr
k&........./ ./ 11 L.. L.,,, r l;;; .'?,' ?- 14;;;?.....A.,':;??!.
? L. ,,,.;." :i i? ? ;' '4
4..... . i of employes at its n?earby Lang
, ? 0.1'' ? !*. ley, Va. , headquarters and i
,
; ? In 1,31. - ;., 41( et, lih,e ill.,1?ated Bay ;..averseas -posts around the.. ),vorltt
. .. :.. .
- By 1:031;;IZT, S. ALL'EN and ..
. or: Pigs acivetitu.r.e, De,ineci.al: 1 Ca the. military sidi!, 1:?';',,:ere i
JOIN A. GOLDS:\ZIVA xcnn,edy n.alm a a - Rep iibli ea,,.., , the bilhon-dolia.r? Deitinse Intel
?
Nalin? A. McCue, to succeed Dal. i 1.1e11(2.'e- ?Age.".aY' whlch ????ali-
?
. ;N?VAS/I.N.3TON - Prosidon'!"-lNleCone 'had been under ; fl its qeParal-e 'ii n - Na1TY an
elect Rid (1 M. Nixon, is tieing .. secretary of the Air I;7oreci: and ' " AtVii* I...oree. intellig?ence services
? f.srongly urged to retain. career- . a nieralier of the Atomic Erier,y :. - In? l'?4?6?1'k'-'11', l'IlC re' is l'llo sol1'4.
- 144 ' man R.'xiiar.:?I Helms in !ills pros. ?(??!er?cati,,s.:,,:m in the Eis..e?,hewe? r ,secret Nationol Security Agency
:eat job as :head of the ever- i Adm,this-traition,; .. w.-hiell s-pe.eializes in codes, crypt
? controversial Central Intelligence ; . -'...- oTatilly and other electronic inlet
, ,.. ,
' Agency. . -:, President Johnson named an 1.; ligence. ?
, ? -.other railitav man, Adm. Wit-id ? ... .- ? ;?":'??????;:-.
? i.. .
. ? fr:IS, appointed by Presioen?t !..i,;;, F. Rabera. as yre:Con,,,s : ,. Hc has' perforn-,a,-,ice - 8,S .CIA: .
. - .-r:A.17'17..i.
Janson. in 1.:1V;, has been with ? successor In 1565. Heilims was : ' oh j and the ? Perf?1marl"" ?I: 1?11'..' : ' - .......:., ...
, CIA since the big soy t-14:,,en..cy 11111 1. as Rai.):01,a,s do.rmi.y a i Under his direction? is dif.; ::-."..,..,?,::,. ; .,..,.?*,.sTAT........ .
was established ia 14,)47. his re- th me. at ti Ito was clevtit-ed to '? Lela to assess. No ? goverrarient-;',.?:7.,????.: ?-.- ? '. -?
:
ten:tio watdd go far towar the trip , job When Rnbarni left it ;- opera 1: i an in the weed is under; - ,..li .1:,1,;.i.:.?,.:?.? .-,:?::-...
. .. .. ...
.. n ds '
. nailing clown a precedent for r.on- :. a yar 1.ai?er. ? . !.- -as steady a dm ire- at CritiCiSTa . ? ? ..!-:: ,:-?':?: -.,:'-.....' . ..
' .poliiiwal, career directors of Con- . . i; - as CTA, but 1113 agency gets geri-? ..,./...-:-:- ..' .............
t
tral Iatelligenoe. 'No raeinttioll was mia?dc.? oil .? ?- orally hign. inarics from the. in-' .--41; : : ::-.:.:?"-...?? :"...--; ?::';',.--.?.
. ?
i Holms' ?polidios "when he appeared ... siders who are fan:Aar with tne. . -. ; .. .-',.' .????;"::.:?-..;:..??: -.?????:,,,
- . Some 6! the keep Helms seati- bellon:-? the Senate Ax.yrked Ele?rv- : . ? i atelli genee estimates which it : -- ; - - :' :".. --'1;"?':' :;..1'."....,.??-l.:.?;.-..i.. '' -...
,,,,.. ,
. mont is being reaaYed to 'Nixon ..ice Colarnitte.o at the time of i' produces. . - ?
?
by Democratic tam:makers.. They ; lila .aippainirmeiat, 4,,n, 19:35 a11,41., !?, . .
:are s-tressing tbie des-arability al t again, in 191t3. His ca.reer .sum- ?.: .-'? SeerataTY 01 Delel.1:2e Clurict Cl;?&-. ..
: call'eer continuity in C.I.,.. The-l' imaly made it clear that lie...had bid.14"111t1f4i?ed e."1:1-1er 1-111' fall:ilia": ?; .,
contend that the top CIA job,: never held a pollitical job. ? '
;: ? U. S. int ellingelilee operations
: Las never been 'treated as a., ,A reporter in Europe .,before ;? Provod "su?1si'alli4a;1.1Y"- 2. re- ?.'..: :
patronage plum.
' . World War it Hernas became an ; ?c?ottl: years. He. said be -accol?Yrs -.....?.:'. '
. ., intoilligc.mee etkier. dating lie - and bel:leNTS i h,,..! - ? ',..ilt-Pili;"?;c:r.,1?C'El
: . ? - '..!.. l l o
i l 0 yr abl y 'e dg, no
p on
reigs-ilitalii?Itit,hreysitieit. war.? lie ba s h. c.,,ch, in m ilitary .,!...c,ona.',Ii.11,n,k,,s hill 41 al Soviet
dent
i and eivaan, intexi' ' w.nce inips.ever?I; :nuclear strength and thinks therein .
.1 ; ?-...-A
'-'.'11. - -.-?1 ? ..1, has ever ade a purely partisan ? ? . i:.?....is. .,a bight?. degr.,:ee nr? aiii,_ , .. ?
' .annej.-t;-?ent.. al a CIA director. -
!since. . ?
Three of the six CIA heads to -1 ?Fe, had hem serving; as CIA's. ' 111111r' in Pilo ? intell.tenee corn.- ?.'
Hi . ? ... :1 ; ? . ',date have, in; fact, been military 'c".'?-1?1'irec et .4.ai plans,unda).? l .nni,gcu:nc,i,t,y, about such national 05--1?1.- - -
',) itv d' ? t - '' ?'"- , .- . ..? 3!,.Te.Cone. When he was siLle-cted i- -t ? ?
;':1 ?-'.1 - men-, insulatied by theiir proles- : . ?
ior Inc nu:1,1er Iwo ??)pot with': .. -- ?? : ... , ? . 7 ?
- SiOn from paths in pallitles. ? . ? i? ? .. EKcept :tor all early mistakict-
.1 '...;. ? ,Raborn, who had been the ex- ?,-:., staa,t1?, ? 41 s . j w:u.?., ? .
, ,? ,
1 .- ; ,, - - ?An all but forgotten Naval of. 1Pediter (iir. the hignly saceessrad ii: ..1.,ra,r0,4..0.,/,:, D.Ark., chah?,?.,,,,,, ,f, . .-
1 .._ A .. ? . ficer, RE!..7.1? Adm.. Roscoe, IIi m
illen ? ; Polaris subarine. prom and ! ? 'the Senate Foreil.r,, - poi., vcos . - ?
hoe iter, wasi the lifts:: director or let it be liniow.a, the outset .c,otrimptte, 1..1.,i, ... ?". , :?..4, ex..,L,?3? ? ? , .
.., ...d.....art,:.: Da., tY,. A .
(ler:trail Inteilig;ence. He. bad been ?i'7-...tnat rie ' Would stay In CIA /or; teat relations with enn,-...,,, ,?????:, Y.--; ;?
i - ..,?;??? ?. the head of a predeces?sor intl. ;?? only a short period.
.! ; - ?'.1 ? . , ;?the i-fause and ?S'eatate coramilit es: .?.*.i.-,::??:--????:-." ::
._ . . . ?? Il,ctice agency and was -appointed 1 - The transition from the hard..., which ride herd, .on: CIA activi.;;?.
...( . . by President Trutr,an. in 1047" ; ; driving, Lpde-eallin IvirCeni. ta'....i.ii:e.s.? 00115nally,. Th.,,:inio has., as: :, :::.;....;_.?:",..:?.;? ,.. ;
. .
s; nm Congress .estabilts:hed 'the 1..,. 1 i. ;
..ta
satin.11er 'Rahorn was a aim '.,110 pPOIlli',F,,OCI , ill", 196G, I:Opt CIA:- ? ...'::??:,,,?.';.-,. .,-!
.1 :: '......:i new CIA. : ? ; l .. cult one. for CIA, and the cleva... out at liorctri, p.,..;;,4,? msking?.;:....1...--: ...,...::-....,.:.:?. ;
t; ? ;? .; . .preidr.cit. Eisenhower appointeil :'..1,1.1?11' 0.: one ?47 Iht!'1.:1., (.);vv",1' ,.w..:L,..s:??:.:;.. I 0,peraitions crime under Tire:. :::...,:,:?". :..- ..: .?:.' ?:':::. -.
; - - ? :ll
?1:1 ' ? his ?Varld War chief or staff, ;.' led I''Y the ageneY1' (1."'el"' Cit`.'.,',....r?,?,, ,,?,,,?,,i.? ,,.,?:. Inc...i.,.., ; .; ?- - ?.: -.. ,:-... - ...??,
., ,????????,..,',,7,',7,',1'ZI"'n: ,,,,:!.,..',...,...q...1.7.!,,,.:'....:!''- ? `",'. ,,,-....'+e, J .q,Ccr ?... recent -. :. .:;! . ? :, , ... ...; .:.. :-. ."-..'..,"?- ?
- ? ???4 " ; ?Gen. Wailer Bertelt ..Sraith, to sue- ; ' ?1'????' ";??;.; ??? ' ?????'??:"'ii ;,,......;:i:?..,-..,?-???:????i,:;....".?,?-,"1 :v:,?;0,1, oil czecheee.vakia ?by.. .: .....? :,-. . ..-....-_?;.",..;,... : .
i .-';--.?:1
cced Hiliic?nikoafil"er in 11-)50. In in i,:.
-,:,;;;,:..- ,...:..,,,.:::.., troops.frein it '-'i zind other a a-.? . ?.:..,:y;??-? .
.i ? ?:?:?,1 ?
Di Os appointed Allen . W.' - ''? ' ? ' ;.::1K?2,.1.!?!.;'iii:.. -flans of the Warsa.w pact. Crit?-.1:, : .-.. _:..-?'?: ??? .
Di 1c as the Prst civilian di-,...- . 1-???:'?".. les contentlicia that 0.-Mts'?warkliog.4"--":1 ...--.: .:.?:'..... -;
.1 - --?-l'i ?
. :..;?.:4 - , rce.tor . of Central Intelli.?,?ence, .. s ..
. sticoeeding Smith. ? - - . ?':' :. of alch a- move 'ware delicii,T,ckt.
i ' ; .- ? , : CO ng r C S '''iOrAl li: rili;11 tar y experts, "y.;?::::.;.??
1 '.-?--:
1 ? ?? .1 . At- that time Di 'Cs had an ex- ?."
ten sive in;telligence bac c
kground... .who looked . carefu lly I o t nthose-'../'
..;! Ci 1101 orre y
s, -say CIA' eetl'N ...... ,-? -?
1 . ;.:;-.? 1?Ie had "been a.ctive in trrie study: .?:
. ?.1 li: '.; ' clavi?le'd the pre -:invasion ralives . ? .''...: ..,,;.; .
......:1
process which led to the creation: , _?;:: .,"1 4-,......?,... -,i,....,......,..,-..2, .of the Warsaw poet arrnicti and ? ???;.:?-,::::::;'...?
? .. i
. -.1 all th e government's int ell; genet: 4 ?? ? , ''' ' -? ? ? Golds-alit% reported the possirriitlity of a move!: :. :-...",. :...:.
or a civilian agency to 000rdinate ; -... ,.I .- .
aet iVil los. President Kennedy, as :? ' , The law wlitieh creal.cd 0.-,A? into Czei?hosto-,,-.aina,' aVd.:??;Slrag ',MS - .- : ? ' - .. '
, , ? -
. 'Or& C.A.- 111.iiiitni9e9initrkliAtd?:?ak,:;- . ntirs iippointimeint al a?ry in?en .1"le definite word that 'Olt: Krem-. ???; ...
.1 not:need-PM 716 ?11.!?als -`1?1;:t?M:111.
seb 200502/104 CCIA4R13P91-191)100060#0101''3 46' ' .
, . . . ?fr'.., requirement has been. ivitorpretc&---"a? 1.?e 1?' '4".1'L" "'1 ' -1 l'i1:1-`5".1.-11'? ? : .
Diales.
._ ? , ? ? 3-...?, evr, , , d , . ? ?:., ,,..., , a
? '.- , .. ' .. - , : ' :;: ? '.. ?'-;-. ? .. ., as requiring a ' eiviIiria deputy ;.- ht";11.'.:?,... `-41.4."1, til 1c ext-.."--:L.u?
,
: - :..to gr:41:. that Siightly?hold infornui.- .
PORTLAND, ALNE STAT
Approved hor Release 2005/12/14 : CIA-RDP91-
EXPRESS
? E-C 1? 3
9 798
L 1968
00901R000600300003-9
)7.7.-z7zs=tworgg The Conspirator rommanwrsigmammixonmmazto-
z est Cola
Was CIA ffiliiitio
By Bruce Page, David Leitch and
Philip Knightley
Excerpttd from the book The Philby
Conspiracy. Copyright (c) 1968 by Times
Newspaper Ltd. Published by Double-
day ig Company, Inc.
Early in the summer of 1946 Kim Philby
i relinquished his London department to take
an important new post "in the field." He',
I went to Turkey under diplomatic cover,
ostensibly as temporary First Secretary
with the British Embassy, stationed in
Istanbul and in charge of passport con?
-
trol. His real work, of course, was still spy- '
ing for the Secret Intelligence Service. The?
Diplomatic Service, wig? appeared to be his
employers, were in fact only his hosts.
Philby clearly did not lose any rank by .
'. going out to Turkey. His subsequent ap-
pointrnent to Washington, if nothing else,'
Express Special Report
proves that. But the nature of his work,
did change sharply once he went out "Into
the field." He was then bound to come into,
. working. contact with the Soviet espionage'
- networks?and thus be projected into a 130-'
, sition where his real work as a Soviet spy
was not in any? external way distinguisha-1
ble from his pretense of being a British'
spy. Whether Philby took the lead in per- '
suading his British superiors to 'send him
'Turkey we do not know. But if he did not\
.. do so; he should have, because once he was
in the field he was almost impregnable.
IN ' THIS CONTEXT, the British Gov-
?ernment's terse admission, 17 years later,
.
that they knew the,truth about Philby's
? loyalty makes interesing reading. In 1963
,.Edward Heath said that the .British were'
,"now aware" that Philby had "worked for
the Soviet authorities before 1946." (Au- 1.
thors'. italics.) In other words, the. knowl-
edge that Philby. had worked for the
Soviets after 1946 was not new?he was
working for them .to the extent that any
field agent must do so in order to survive.
What was new was that he had been work-
ing for them all along.
'Istanbul had been an important neutral
center in the war against Germany: Now,.
!
the East-West confrontation gavt it an
even greater importance. It was at the cen-
'ter of'a cold war which seemed likely to go,.
hot at the drop of an ultimatum. Turkey
has. a long border' with Soviet Union and
In the 1940s Stalin was loudly claiming a
slice of Eastern Turkey plus the right to
put Russian bases on the Bosphorus and
the Dardanelles. The Turks, in reply, were
clamoring for Western military aid. A civil
war was raging in nearby Greece which
looked as though it could easily go Corn-'
munist. Much Communist shipping passes
through the Bosphorus, and Istanbul has
flourishing communities of Armenians,
Georgians, Bulgarians, and Albanians, with
direct links to the homeland communities
behind the Iron Curtain. A better place to
make contact with spies would be hard to
find.
The Turks, of course, knew fairly soon
that Philby was an SIS man. Indeed, a man
on the Istanbul newspaper Curnhurlyet
once asked Philby if he would be inter-
viewed for a feature-aritcle on "The Spies
of Istanbul." Kim discreetly refused. All
that the Turkish security men noted was
that Philby used to have meetings with
"students" from Communist Balkan states?
'but as that was his Job, who cared?
what he was. This is the only way to CX-
plain the passionate defense of Philby by
4 his colleagues of the S1S when the security
t? officers of MI 5 were convinced that he was
1;.a traitor. It was to be some time yet before
things did go wrong for Philby but when
k the day came the KS stood by him with
$)' an extraordinary, apparently inexplicable ;
determination.
, In the meantime his stag: was still high
1" and his biggest coup was still to come: in
.1949 he was sent to Washington, with the
,rank of First Secretary, to be the SIS
:liaison man with the fledgling Central InV
"telligence Agency. It is difficult to exag-
gerate the importance of this posting. The
?Central Intelligence Agency had been set
up in 1947 and although beginning to feel
Its strength still tended to regard the SIS
with some awe. Between the two existed
what CIA officers describe as "a very ape-
cial relationship," and with it, "an amaz-
fingly free exchange, of information" took
place. Philby was right in the heart of this.
His Contacts ranged from the director, a
'tough ex-Army man, General Bedell Smith:.
down through the ranks. He was privy to
CIA planning; he told the CIA what the
SIS Was doing; he Was oft n briefed by
Bedell Smith himself on top policy and,
above all, he knew what the CIA knew
about Soviet operations.
, In Turkey Philby spent a good deal of
?time traveling around the Lake Van dis-
trict close to the Soviet border. He kept an
odd souvenir of the period which in later
-Years he displayed in his apartment in
:Beirut: a large photograph Of Mount Ararat
which stands on the Turkish-Soviet border.
Most people who recognized the double-
!humped shape of the mountain would puz-
zle over the picture, much to Philby's
- amusement. Some of the more technically-
minded would believe that they had solved
the puzzle: ? the print had been made with
the negative reversed; the little hump was
on, the left instead of on the right. This
would amuse Philby even more and he
would point. out that the little hump was
only on the left when the mountain was
- viewed from the Turkish side. The view
from the Russian side was, like the photo-
graph, the other way around.
THE PICTURE seems to have been an
apt symbol of Philby's enigmatic status.
Clearly, 'throughout his Turkish period, he
was closely in touch with the Soviet intelli-
gence network, and equally clearly his
' superiors in London .knew this. The vital
question is how far the superiors had given
him permission to venture Into this moral
twilight. The authors have had' confirma-
tion that Philby had been giver; permission
to play the full double game with the
Russians?to Pretend to them. that he was
a British agent willing to work for them:
which, unknow..nto Loodori,?
?.,.was ,exactly
another..border with o tramu ?Bulgaria .
This, by itself, would have more than
:satisfied Philby's Russian controller, but he
;was able to improve on it. Like most agcn-
!cies of its type the CIA is compartmental-
ized as a protection against penetration?
no one department knows the whole story.
:But an agent is prey to a normal man's
' 'need to talk to someone about his Job and
? ,the only person he can talk safely to is an-
? other agent. In the CIA that other agent
was often Philby. Because he was cleared
to speak' with Bedell Smith, Philby was
'cleared right through every department and
, merely by drinking around he could have
learned more about the agency and its op-
erations than any man except the director
and perhaps one or two of his assistants. A
?!high-ranking CIA officer, now retired, told
U5; "How much did Philby know? The sky
was the limit. He would have known as,
much as he wanted to find out." _
, This explains the reason for the silence
that has surrounded Philby's period, with
the CIA. If an intelligence agency has one
or two men whose careers are going well,
and these men?through no fault of their
own?are "blown," the agency immediately
retires-them. This may appear ruthless but
Is obviously essential.' What happens?as it
did with the CIA and Philby?when the en-
tire agency is "blown?" There is no choice
but to cover up, reorganize, and keep going.
? When the extent of 'Philby's treachery was
finally realized/ the CIA Iliad no choice
" (short of disbanding the whole organiza-
tion) hnt ; to Araile bravely ,and cam on.
Approved For Release 2005/12/14: CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
SAN DIEGO, CAL.
UNION
SEP 8
- 131,091
S ? 237,289
/00
11
It
roved For Release 2005/12/14: CIA-R0P91-00901
'PP
Three Served Thew Cou
. THE PHILBY CONSPIRACY,
: By Bruce Page, David Leitch
and Philip Knightley, with an
, introduction by John le Carre
(Doubleday and Co.: 300
; pages, $5.95).
This frightening book, the
work of three British journal-
ists, is an account of two com-
paratively minor traitors, Guy
Burgess and Donald Maclean,
and that major spy, Soviet
agent, and master of treach-
ery, Kim Philby.
Recruited while students at
Cambridge (Trinity College
for Philby and Bur ges s,
King's for Maclean) these
three devoted their lives,
while ostensibly serving their
country, to betraying its most
vital secrets to their Russian
masters.
And, due to the close rela-
tionship existing at the time
between the British and our-
selves, particularly that be-
tween the British Secret Intel-
ligence Service (SIS) and our
v/fledgling Central Intelligence
Agency c,CL4,..,they also
made off with our most Mt-
portant secrets.
For at least 30 years prior
to 1963, when Philby finally
"went home" to Moscow, nei-
ther flagrant homosexuality i
nor spectacular drunkenness -1
nor a known Communist back- ,
ground was any bar to em- ,
ployment in the most sensitive
, positions in the British gov-
ernment. Such people also en- ,
joyed social acceptance in
diplomatic circles and access
to the most secret information
to be found in Washington, ,
D.C. I
Even when the simultane-
ous defections to Russia of !
i
. Burgess and Maclean painted
, the finger of suspicion ines- '
capably at Philby, his SIS col-
leagues hotly declared it in-
conceivable that he could be
guilty of anything, and effec-
tively blocked any real inves-
tigation of his activities.
A year after the defections
which first placed him under
suspicion, he was giVen a se-
cret "trial" of which John le.
Carre says in his introduc-
tion: "(He) was incompetent-
ly tried in private and incom-
petently exonerated in public.
(He) held out, with astonish-
ing gall', against what seemed
to be a', foregone conclusion. .
(He) knew the great weakness
of the Establishment: 'This
Club does not elect traitors;
therefore Kim is not a ?
traitor.' "
Phil b y continued, it ap-
pears, on the SIS payroll for
12 more years before the deci-
sion was taken to frighten him
into defecting to Moscow; a ,
public trial would have been
"politically undesirable." .
Burgess was a minor-league
operator and a psychological;
misfit. Maclean was a suc-
cessful spy of the nuts-and-
bolts variety, able to pass
huge quantities of valuable
and hard-to-get facts across to
the Soviets.
..But Philby was the really ,
000600300003-9
big operator. The authors tell
us: "In 1949 he was sent to
Washington, with the rank of
first secretary, to be the SIS
liaison man with the fledgling
Central Intelligence Agency.
It is difficult to exaggerate
the importance of this
posting ...
"His contacts ranged from
the director. ... Gen. Bede
Smith, down t hr ough the
ranks. He was privy to CIA
plannin g. He told the CIA
what the SIS was doing. He
was often briefed by Bedell,
Smith himself on top policy,
and above all, he knew what
the CIA knew about Soviet op-
erations."
The scope of Philby's be-
trayal can be only guessed at;
the damage he caused will
'
things about the interwoven
scandal of the Philby-Bur- ,
gess-Maclean affair is that it
illustrates, in almost parable
form, so many of the curable ,
weaknesses of our
society. .. . (It) tells us a good',
,deal about the role of privi-
lege in our society, and the 1'
degree to which irrelevant in- I
.signia of social and economic
status can be fatally mistaken
for evidence of political ac-
ceptability.
. "It also gives us an idea of -
how much our bureaucracy is :
prepared to hide: The White
Paper on Burgess and Ma-
clean, and the tightly circum-
scribed official accounts of
the role Kim Philby played in
Br itish affairs, are classic -
warnings to those who are
tempted to believe the official
Approved For Release 2005/12/14 : CIA7RDP91`-00901000600390003,4
STAT
Saturday Review
Approved For Release 2005312314141/1-943P91-0090
Real -Life James Bond
1R000600300003-9
My Silent I'Var, by Kim Philby (Grove. The best and most readable account
262 pp. $5.95), Kim Philby: The Spy' of Philby's activities?by Edward R. F. ?
. 1 Married,' by Eleanor PlinySheehan?was published in The Saint-
tine. 174 pp. Paperback; 750, Tho:' day Evening Post in February 1964. The ,
Third Man, by E. H. Cookridge.P3ut-
present crop of books about Philby -de-
nam, 281 pp. $5.95), and The Philby.. rives from the deliberate Soviet effort in
Conspiracy, by Bruce .Page, David . recent years to glamorize the work of
-
Leitch, and Phillip Knightley (Double- .secret agents, an endeavor that began ;
with the issuing of a postage stamp ,
day. 300 pp. $5.95), -concern three. ?
c:
British diplomats who fled to Russia? carrying the image of Richard Sorge,'
successful World War II Soviet ,
, double-agent Kim Philby and his co-
agent in Japan. Philby was made avail-
lean. K. S. Giniger, a New York book defectors, Clay Burgess and Donald Mac-.
able in Moscow, and the outside world
'
learned, among other things, that he had "
publisher, served as'a United States In-.
.shed the American wife.he had acquired i
- telligence officer during' .World' War II?:;
and the Korean War, in Lebanon for the American wife of his
- ?
? great and good friend Maclean, and that
.! he was writing a book to correct all the
"articles and other books which had been '
written about him.
:That book is one of the four con-
sidered here. An apologia dedicated "to
.,.?.the comrades who showed me the way
.i. to service," My Silent War adds scant I
-real information to the story and is dis- !
t anguished principally by technical dis-
ques o
primary interest to those with more than
an arnateur's knowledge of such matters. '
So much for "his" book. "Her" book, although the story of a woman betrayed,
another British diplomat, who had been '
A not-so-innocent victim of this stir Was , tells scarcely more than is indicated by
, .;
at Cambridge with Guy Burgess.' and ? 'man and
1 such chapter titles as "The Other Wo-
"I Lose Kim," in that order.
Donald Maclean; ? and whose, 'career in
Published as a paperback and featured
the British intelligence services had 'al.: ?,'
ready Marked him for possibly' its top in a leading women's magazine, The Spy
.'
? ? I Married does not quite manage to be ?
post. This third maws named Kim either an espionage story or a tearjerker. ,
1, Philby. . As a publishing operation, at least,'I
As a result of the Maclean-Burgess de- The Third Man is more interesting, ;
fection, United States Central Issued here originally. as a paperback,
gence Director General Walter- Bedell the furor in. the English newspapers last!
, Smith threatened to break off relations
with the British intelligence services un-': fall about the Philby case apparently
' less Philby, then occupying the key Brit'. merited transformation of the book into
ish intelligence post in. Washington, was . this hardbound format. The author, E.
recalled. Recalled he was, but handled Cookridge? is a professional journal
with great care in Whitehall; even ques- ist who; according to the jacket.
tions in Parliament, asking that the Brit, ,; has known Philby over a period of thirty-
ish government name the "third man" -; three years. But, leaning heavily on the ;.
suspected of Warning Burgess and Mac! Sheehan article, he adds little to the
, lean that they were under 'suspicion, H
: remained unanswered. Philby was given:;
what the British call "the golden hand- ,
shake"?generous separation pay?and .'.
helped to find another job as a journalist '
? in Beirut.
What is known about his activities in
? Lebanon is mostly confined to his seduc-
tion of the wife of another journalist and
? their eventual marriage. In January 1063
he disappeared, and rumors about 'his ;
. work as a Soviet agent began to be pub-
lished. The -USSR announced in July of ,L-
that year thaA00041iiii10/1dEle/ftat?e?
granted political asylum......
' By K. S. CINIGER
TODAY IN 1908 IT MAY DE Somewhat
difficult to recall that back in :1951 the
war Americans?and 'Britons, toe?were
? fighting was taking place in Korea, and
that the name Senator McCarthy re-
ferred to Joseph R. McCarthy (1008-
; 57). In the spirit of those times the
disappearance of two British diplomats
who had intimate knowledge of Ameri-
can secrets (and a rumored homosexual
relationship as well) created quite a stir.
cus ion of inte ce tec hni
record.
Of the four books, The Philby Con-
spiracy is the only one that can be
recommended. A product of group jour-
nalism for The Sunday Times of London,
the work by Page, Leitch, and Knightley
(what a name for a Wall Street law
.firrnl) is consistently exciting and reports
as much of the story as is publicly known,
at this time. Even more to the point, the
'introduction by espionage' novelist John
Le .Carre lends real .meaningfulness to .
the entire exercise by raising two 'lay ?
-2151915/41PV46P0A7ROP9:1700901.R00060030000?39
1DC MSC wnetner the oto uoy net-
work in England makes it quite easy for
men who have been to the "right"
schools to betray their country, if they ;
wish to do so, and enjoy the protection
of otherwise honest colleagues who can-
not believe that men of their own kind
can be traitors. This is not solely a -
British problem. Not long ago, the son-
in-law of a distinguished American gov-
ernor serving as New York City's Corn-
missiOner of Water Supply, Gas and
Electricity, pleaded guilty to a serious ??
crime. No one had really bothered to
check his credentials'. ?
The second question concerns .a mys-
terious fourth man. At Cambridge Uni-
versity in the 1930s someone Amkown -
recruited three promising young men,
Kim Philby, Guy Burgess,' and Donald
Maclean, as Soviet agents. Their activi-
ties, carried on more than twenty
years, have cost their country?and ours .
?much. Who was this man? Whom else
did he recruit? And is he still at work?
Neither Philby's own book nor the ? ?
other three_ awe us any answers.
Approved For Release20D51012/114DRICIANIMPMEN
May 31, 1968
Two views of Kim Philloy, the century's' most audacious spy
By JOHN QUINN
AROLD (KIM) PHILBY 'rvery
nearly bungled his first as'sign-
rnent as a spy for the Soviet , Un-
ion, and very nearly lost his life
in consequence.
, It was in Spain during the Civil
War, and Franco's police were not as
thorough as they should have been, per-
haps, with the young English journal-
ist. In any event, Philby lucked through
and went on to become an audacious
and highly successful Soviet agent and
one of history's more remorseless
traitor*.
Philby recounts the episode in his
book, "My Silent War," which he has
sent out horn his refuge in Moscow
and which has been published here by
Grove Press.
Not a spark of regret animates his
memoirs, which constitute a rather de-
liberately blurred summary of his 30-
year career as the Kemlin's window on
British and American intellie:ence opera-
tions. As a devoted?indeed, fanatical
? Communist, he tells nothing that
would compromise the work of nameless
colleagues still on the snoop.
We must look elsewhere to learn
about the staggering extent of Philby's
treachery, the flaccid self-assurance that
permitted it to flourish and the bitter
consequences that it produced.
A good place to start would be in
another book, "The Philby Conspiracy"
(Doubleday), a-meticulously detailed ac-
count by three British newspapermen?
Bruce Page, David Leitch and Phillip
Knightley--of the reason why.
It is not a pretty story, but it is a
salutary and necessary one.
It is good to see that it is the work
of English hands, for a society that can
indict itself can still reclaim itself. And
make no mistake about it, English so-
ciety is indicted, thoroughly and soberly,
for criminal folly and indolent corruption
that smoothed the way for Philby and his
comrades in treason, Guy Burgess and
Donald Maclean.
In sum, it did not matter that Bur-
gess was a raging homosexual and vio-
lent drunkard. Or that Maclean had gap-
ing character defects. Or that Philby's
early Communist connections were a mat-
ter of record easily obtained by anyone
capable of picking up a telephone.
No, they were of good families and
had. gone to the right schools and univer-
sity (all were at Cambridge). Hence they
simplY Couid.not be traitors.
Maclean, therefore', entered the diplo-
matic corps and became the principal
conduit through which so much dearly
earned atomic data was funneled freely
to the Soviet Union from sources such as
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.
Philby, therefore, could become head
of England's counterintelligence effort
against the Soviet Union without even
undergoing a routine check on his reli-
ability. As a result, from 1944 until the
flight of Burgess and Maclean behind
the Iron Curtain in 1951, every single
Western attempt to gather anti-
Communist intelligence or subvert Com-
munist aims was known to the Russians
well in advance. There is much blood
on Philby's hands.
His duplicity?first asserted in this
newspaper, by our London correepandent,
Henry .Maule,?becente Virtually certain
in 1903, when the truly unforgivable'
folly was committed. Philby was allowed
to get away.
V't
sl HY ? Page, Leitch and Knightley
cannot say. Philby, smugly showing a
glimpse of the colossal vanity that
doubtless led him into the world of be-
trayal, suggests that he might have been
tipped off, even as he had tipped off
Maclean when Maclean's perfidy came
to light.
It is not hard to believe. For, RS spy-
story writer John Le Carre suggests in
his introduction to "The Philby Con-
spiracy," someone recruited Philby for
Soviet service. Nobody knows who that
someone is, or what he does. But it is
quite conceivable that this someone is
still active, and that his activity could
have been compromised if Philby had
been caught and had cracked.
Perhaps we shall never knoW. For
what it's worth, however, we do know
now what Philby thinks of the responsi-
ble figures in Whitehall and Washington
with whom he came in contact.
And some of this makes rather good
reading, for Philby is a witty and facile
writer. He had nothing but respect and No/
fear for Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, who
was chief of the CIA when Philby was
first secretary at the British Embassy
in Washington and head of the English
intelligence apparatus here.
Smith had a cold fishy eye and a
precision - tool brain," Philby writes
about the investigation that followed the
defection of Burgess and Maclean, and
"I had an uneasy feeling that he would
be apt to think that two and two made
four rather than five." ,
, Allen Dulles, a subsequent boss of.
the CIA, he considered "bumbling,", and
."easy to get around." He wonders why:.
'President Kennedy took Dulles' advice on
the Bay of Pigs invasion. FBI Director
J. Edgar Hoover, he writes, has "a bub-
ble reputation." ."Hoover did not catch
Burgess or Maclean; he did not catch ,
(another Russian spy Rudolph) Abel for
years; he did not even catch me."
Philby rates the CIA as superior to
the FBI?in social graces at any rate.
The G-men he dismisses as stolid,
country-bumpkin types, gruff of speech
and insensitive to the nuances of wine
selection. The CIA boys, on the other
hand, at least knew that Burgundy is
served at room temperature.
Philby says he once asked Hoover
what he thought of the spy-catching
ability of the late Sen. Joseph McCarthy, ;
and that Hoover replied, elliptically: "I
often meet Joe at the race track, but he
MA never given ine a winner yeti"'
So much for the drollery. The fact '
remains that Philby gave his Soviet mas-
ters just about every winner we had in
the stable, all safe bets. It is tempting:
to do anything to prevent this happening.
again.
Perhaps it would be better to say:
"anything the law allows," for as Le'
Cerra notes, "Philby is the price we pay'
for being moderately free."
_
Approved For Release 2005/12/14: CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
0 The Philby Conspiracy
by Bruce Page, David Leitch,
:..Knightley.
r Doubleday, 312 pp.., $5.95
Approved For Release 2891/0142:0RAME.1111,90000600300003-9
.. May 90 1968
?
.. The ideal Husband
? acting With th
d bi
graphicai accounts of the two other kus... . contrived afterwards to bury his corn-
mid P?hilip. sian spies?also, like him, Cambridge munist past, .this glimpse of the onl
.? ? : ' men?with whom Philby was involved: period in. which he openly revealed his
' his close friend, the fascinating, btillian,. loyalty is of great importance, and Mr. . ?
, ... ? :
. but drunken and dirty Guy Burgess, and Cookridges otherwise shaky book seems ,
. ? the distant, enigmatic, unfathom'able schi: to me worth reading for this episode
''?rophrene whose wife he has now dc..' 'alone. ,
? .
, ,,, tached in Moscow, Donald Maclean...1 ? If Mr. Conkridge casts a narrow .
: .Klm Pliny, The Spy I Married
`... '; All this gives human interest to the "In- beam of light on the dark beginning of
1; by' Eleanor Philby.
si,At" book. Unfortunately its /authors Philby's career as a spy, Mrs. Philby
i 13allantine. 192 pp., (paperback) i.'75?
??? ? bave ignored the duller but more impor- : sheds a dim, diffracted glow over the
? '? ?
;. 'My Silent War
?:: by Kim Philby.
'".. Grove, 262 pp:. $5.95 ,
' ' IL R. Trevor-Roper,
The Third Man ?
by B. .H. Cook ridge.
PUtnam's, 320 pp., $5.95
'They have also'givenfullan racy o- e communists. Since Philby
y.
....: itant subject of Philby's solid work against end of it. She was his third wife and
..
. the Germans in 1941-5, which was the , they first met in the Middle East, after
' Teat basis of his rise inside the Secret 1 his fall from power in sm. Politically.
.,. Service; and they make no attempt to re- naive, personally incurious, she never
' . :
construct the general chlatAt within learned or guessed anything about his
We have recently had a spate, if *ilot a
which he operated, either ai a British or r,..re character till he suddenly and secret- -
.. surfeit, of Kim Philby, the Englishman
as a Russian agent. This inevitably makes ly diseppeared, leaving her itranded andel%
'who, for thirty years?eleven of them in -
their. book seem Superficial. Nor is it, '; bewildered in Beirut. Hers is a simple '
.... side the British Secret Service?spied for ?
helped by the vapid and, vulgar. Preface., ! personal narrative, which ncvertheless
,.. Rtissia and has non' gone "home." What. : o!' "--
i ?An la Carr?nn exorcise In proton. has merit AS WC11 as charm. , She dos he did in those years is now 'generally
tious, rhetorical class-hatred which no- , Scribes Philby's state on the eve of his *
. ,known. What he is is still something of
where touchqs any point of ' fact ? and, flight, her own predicament thereafter, ?
,'. a mystery. Here are three books about .
serves only to emphasize and Inflate, in. I her journey to Moscow to join him, and
? . him and one by him. All reveal some- zation of the authors. their life there until. she returned, dis- ;
stead of to correct, the weaker generali- ? '
thing about the psychology of -this cele- , . illusioned, to America, leaving him in '
,
0 ' bratcd double-agent. Inevitably the last
Mr. Cookridges book (which also
of them, his own book, is the most re-
vealing. I shall therefore deal cursorily
with the others *and devote most of this
review to it, which I find the most in-
!cresting of all.
Of the first three books, the most
'ambitious and complete is undoubtedly
that of Messrs. Page, Leitch and Knight-
ley, the "Insight" team of the English
,,Sunday Times. It Can be ,described in-
differently as instant history or as high-
class journalism, and it has both the
? virtues and the faults of this, to me, un-
ithraCtive genre. That is, it has behind
? it all the resources of high-powered mod-
, ern journalism; it is enlivened by the
products of interviews with living per-
sons; and it ?is presented in an efficient,
readable, if impersonal style. On the
other hand it lacks dimension: it has
no corrective context, no general back-
'around, no reflective depth. The authors
bav'e certainly established the details of
the arms of Mrs. 'Maclean. This book ?
solves no factual mysteries, but it is
deals with the other two members, of,
;
valuable 'for its incidental psychological the "unholy- trinity," Burgess and Mac-
1.lean) is different in bvery way from that evidence, to.which, in due course, I shall.
of the "Insight" teahr. In many ways it return.
Is much worse. It is far less accurate in ? Finally we have Philby's own book..
' detail, and some of its confident asser- This is less complete than the "Insight"
work, and it avoids the seas iive areas
tions ire hopelessly wrong. Nor is it so
? professional, or so lively, in ?presenta-
Illuminated by Mr. Cook ridge
tion. On the other band the author, who Philby. Philby skims very li
the years before 1940, when
1
Ithilby's career with substantial accuracy'
1?."4 "bourgeois" dictatorship. On that' The time-span of the book As
I.?he himself has admitted that?although ,.....o.c.:easion he' met Philby,_ who was then Philby's eleven years in that ie
they persist in some questionable ,user- ! ? I rest is frills. , . ?
Qlions?such as that be remained a "field 1, ,
. agent" of Ks after his dismissal in 1951.1
has studied the world ,of espionage a
and Mrs.
htly over
he joined
does the British Secret Service. He hardly
good deal longer than his rivals,
.1 He says
Franco's
he had
Russians
1Burgcss)
spondcnt
xcept for
'provide some background. to his story. mentions the Austrian episod
very little about Us activity in
?CIO held fewer interviews,' but he'hai
:?'. done more homework among the docu Spain, although he reveals th.
meats. More humane as a biographer, he been sent there secretly by th
also secs that _mere personal biography (who paid him through Cu
is not enough. And in one area at least before his open mission as con
he gives valuable personal evidence. As a: of the London Tinges. Equally,
Social Democrat in Austria, he. was per. a brief epilogue on his official lcarance
sonally involved in the Putsch of 4934'
by which. Dollfuss destroyed the Sociati - in 1956, he says almost nothin on the .!
period after 1951, when be was dis.
Democratic party ? and established his missed from the British 'Sccrc4 Service. -
in tact, I
lee: the ?
Approved For Release 2005/12/14 : CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9 Con trated
Approved For Release 2005/12/14: CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
? EVERGREEN-MAY 1968
? !W; AVMEtilqi IN.EVAI.MW Ika, L.04:
6'1 [fr co&ia
fSt-,ire Lit 0
? f0 ) z-)
aott
1 r Hilatt,
''.F.Or Release 205/!2/i4: CIA-RDP91-00901R000600300003-9
Approved For Release 2005/12/14: CIA-RDP91-00901R0
THE WASHINGTON POST
April 28, 1968
00600300003-9
aris Aides Seen
As Sy ,Suspects
Special to The Washington Post
LONDON, April 27?The ation less black and white
London Sunday Times con-' than it hinted last week.
eludes that American officials
believe there are two men a
ministerial rank in France
"who fall under suspicion ? of
having supplied information
, to Russian intelligence."
1 The newspaper also said It
concluded that President de
'Gaulle "has decided to treat
these American suspicions as
kpart of a CIA plot motivated
'in part by resentment at his
policy of independence from
America."
These are the major find-
ings of the paper's own inves-
tigation into charges made in
Its pages last week that
'France failed to act on evi-
dence that Soviet spies were
factive in the French govern-
ment and that one was a mem-
In fact, the spy maY be
George Paques, the deputy In-
formation officer of. NATO;
who was arrested by the
French in 1963 and jailed as a
Soviet agent. _
"In many respects," the
newspaper says, "Paques fit-
ted Martel's specifications for
the high-ranking political spy
... (he) was actually. ... on the
personal staff of French minis-
ters . . . and he confessed he
had spied for the KGB since
working close to de Gaulle in
1944."
, Although other names were
mentioned as possible Spies,
none seemed to fill the bill.
"Recollections are confused,"
the Sunday Times reports,",
care so in most cases."
STAT
ber of de Gaulle's Cabinet. s The issue was complicated
0- The charges were made by
further by mutual distrust be-
Phillipe de Vosjoli, a former tween the CIA and the French
S
French intelligence official in Secret Service, the paper says.
Washington who resigned in
1902 arid now lives in the
United States.
"De Vosjoli's story is true,"
the Sunday Times says, "inso-
far as he is who he says is and
the events he describes did
take place."
But the paper says it is not
possible for it "to be catarogi-
cal" that de Vosjoli is not act-1
ing partly out of a desire for'
"vengeance" and to "please
CIA.
new friends," although it
claims no evidence of ciA,
protection or subsidy.
"There was a defector," i.heI
paper adds, referring to "Mar-,
tel," the high-ranking defector:
from the Soviet Secret Police
and the central figure in de
Vosjoli's story. "All the West-
ern intelligence services 'de-
'cided that he was not a double
agent . . . and he did 'blow'
the KGB (Soviet secret police)
;networks in Western Europe
.or large stretches of them."
But on such points as the
existence of Soviet spies in de
' Gaulle's entourage and French
reluctance to ferret them out,
'the Sunday Tiws. finds a situ-
We could never be sure
whether it was Martel talking
talking or the CIA," a senior
French intelligence official
told the Sunday Times. "We:
accepted that there was a'
French spy in NATO. ,We de-
cided to track him down. But
none of our men got more,
than vague hints that there'
was anyone beyond this Man,
. . . All the talk of someone in,
high places came to us via the
The CIA, for its part, nur-
tured a _long-standing con-
tempt for the French intelli-
gence apparatus. In the late' d
1940s, when Walter Bedell,lf
Smith was serving as head of.
CIA, he was reported as say-
ing, "If France knows, so does
Russia in which case I don't.
want to."
Judging from the newspa-1
per's account of relations-be-
tween the intelligence agen-1
cies of the two countries,
Smith's remark was only a,
slightly exaggerated statement,
of- he American view in the!
!ensuing years. ? ?
Approved For Release 2005/12/14 : CIA-R6P91-00901R000600300003-9
Approved For Release 2005/12444441WRIDPW30090
2 3 Ai" 1968
A BOOK FOR TODAY
A Soviet Spy Lifts His Mask';a
? ? ,
MY SILENT WAR. By Kim
Philby. Grove Press. 262
pages. $5.95.
In one of the final incidents
of his career in espionage in
Washington, Kim Philby drove
to Great Falls, slipped into
the woods and buried a cam-
era, tripod and related acces-
sories.
All this, the British diplomat
accomplished in haste and se-
crecy, since the threat of expo-
sure appeared to be edging up
on him. But in ensuing events,
neither American nor British
intelligence investigators
could complete the chain of
evidence that would assure his
conviction. In the interval,
Philby fled to asylum in So-
viet Russia.
Now Philby has begun his
memoirs in "My Silent War"
to add to the pool of books and
newspaper articles written
By JOSEPH G. O'KEEFE
about him and his two accom-
plices in spying for the Soviet
Union, Guy Burgess and Don-
ald Maclean. To expect Phil-
by's work to be the final defin-
? Rive volume in the revelations
of the diplomat-spies is to be
overly-optimistic. Inste a d,
"My Silent War" is rather
narrow in scope.
?
Introductory Sketch
The author announces in a
preface that the book is an
introductory sketch of his ex-
periences in intelligence work,
and that more will follow. He
apologizes for any embarrass-
ment he may cause former
colleagues in both the U.S. and
Britain and adds:
? "I have tried therefore to
confine the naming of names
. to former officers whom I
'? knew to be dead or retired."
' But apart from the incident
' of the buried camera, Philby
111.
1R000600300003-9
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at
?
offers almost no details of his
operations for the Russians.
Presumably he wants to keep?
the channels open for current
and future espionage.
There is much information,
however, on American and
British spying and counter-
spying against the Germans in
World War II. The author :
maintains that British agents
committed more sabot a ge'
against the Germans in this
country in the early stages of
?the war than the entire Ger-
man-born colony in the states.
? Harold Adrian Russell Phil-
by came to Washington in 1949.
ps top British Secret Service
officer working in liaison with
the CIA and the FBI. For
years he had funneled secret
information to Russian agents,
and with Burgess and Mac-
lean, continued to do so. All
three were well-born Britons
in sensitive positions with full
access to strategic data. When
exposure threatened, Philby
was the mysterious "third
man" who warned the others.
Burgess and Maclean dodged
behind the Iron Curtain.
Attacks U.S. Officials
But it is difficult to accept at
face value 'a so-called factual
account by an author who built
a 30-year career on treason
and deceit. Philby warily re- ?
veals what he wants revealed
and not a syllable more. A
reader could well assume the
author is simply paying off old
? grudges by the degree of yin-'
dictiveness with which he at-
'tacks American officials. .
Dwight D. Eisenhower is de-
scribed as "The most pedes-
trian of United States presi-
dents." Philby says of Allen.:
Dulles: ."I had no fear of the,.
bumbling Dulles; years later I
was to be puzzled over Preri-
dent Kennedy's mistake: in
taking himIserlotisly over' the
Pay af.Pigarti
i
. STAT
Of J. Edgai Hoover: "His '
methods and authoritarianism
are the wrong weapons fcr the
subtle world of1 intelligenca.
But they have other uses.,
They enable Hoover to collect '
and file away information'
about the personal lives of
lions of his fellow country-
men."
But to the Ro cnbergs who
were executed for passing
atomic secrets tO Russia and
to Judith Coplon Who was sim-
ilarly accused b t never con-.
victed, Philby applies the
word "brave."
One American to win a '
grudging word o
from the British
Walter Bedell Sn
. admiration ,
spy is Gcn.
ith. "He had
a cold and fishy eye and preci-
sion tool brain. Bedell Smith,
had an uneasy feeling, would
be apt to think that two and
two make four I rather than
five."
But Philby fails to find faultt
With the gullibility of Prime
Minister Harold Macmillan ,
who told the Parliament that
? no evidence existed thatPhil-
by had betrayed, his country.
Presumably, this whitewashed
the espionage agent.
Nevertheless, the author
manages to inject a fictional !
note of suspense to his story
as he relates how he pitted his 4
wit and audacity against Brit-1
ish intelligence agents who
bring down
this slippery operator.
?
I .?
tried earnestly to
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CAA,
flo
111b-
BY GEMICE WELLER
ATHENS (CDN)
The 50th anniversary of the
Soviet external and internal
net?yoili KGB known unaffec-
tionately in the West as the
Cagey Bee. centers on the
rising name of its newest
demo y cha ,1.111 an, Semyon
Tsvigim.
The organization, now num-
bering a mind I,000.090 em-
ployes with 25000 troops at
its disposal, thereby acquired
a leader in the special art of
unrolling spies or turning
Western spies into spies tor
the Soviet Union.
Tsvigun has been promoted
above several more expe-
rienced men and lakes the No.,
2 post directly under Yuril
,e
Andropov, a regular party
official who was amvinted
chairman this -year to keep
the sprawling agency under
civilian control,
FOUNDED BY Russo-Pole
Felix Dzherzhinski, the vast
apparatus 'Changed its name
with a change in dictators.
The organization lost heavy
weapons like tanks and air-
craft when, after Stalin's
death, the portly Georgian
former architect who headed
NKUD, Lavrenti Berk+, made
an abortive attempt to con-
front the Red army by sur-
rounding the Kremlin. Out ma-.
netivere(l, he lost and was
.executed.
Publicity from Moscow cert.,
tering on Kim Philby, the
British spy,, is part of the)
directed effort to make spying
as popular a vocation as ;
skydiving. Nothing is said in
'Moscow of some 30 Soviet "
spies who have been spotted ,
working with the United
Nations as a front and have
been eased out.
Philby has boasted of .deals
ailed
araaairiz
T Trn
?int
,011,11,_ s Lv U
licit Blitz"
States ha'
back prize
I urn for nob
.!)e
ly
les
MON(; TI11; 'est
13 triumphs in vas
- drugging of a-
swoman in 1f0
lwhy pictures of 14f'?- a a
di iinkard in lzvestia iiid then
(Teeming the American pmss
corps into suppressing a story
aiready printed throughout
the Soviet Union.
So far unrivaled in this
anniversary year is the marv-
elous lIttle bug which mum
invented and placed in an
American embassy to listen to
conversations of at least four
-generations of ambassadors.
Averell Harriman was .the
unwitting fall guy who accept.
ed a golden eagle with this
gadget embedded in It.
The gift was supposed to
symbolize . Russia's gratitude
for American help. during the
Second. World War, The Rus-
sians cleverly calculated that
the eagle Would be perma-
nently mounted in a promi-
nent place in the ambassa-
dor's office, to serve as a
reminder .when bargaining
with SOviet officials.
THE BIRD transmitted not
on y Harriman's private con-
versations and. dictation. :but
those of several successors,
including', ironically. the fu-
ture dir*tor of. the Central
Intelligence Agency, LI, Gen.
Bedell Smith. -
? After about eight years of
work the bug was discovered
accidentally In the mid-1950s
by Ambassador George. F.
Krun-an. His words of: muffled
outrage when he reached Her..
Iiii were so sulfurous that they
caused his removal from .his
post.
Anybody who has ever been
honored with . (he' specially
bugged rooms in Moscow or
Warsaw. hotels knows what,
? is like to hear after midnight
the low clicking chuckles com-'
big from the numberless
101111)5 and pictures as the.
listening circuits are checked
against each other. It was no
surprise when, at the height,
of the American aid program
to Nasser, an electric Soviet
bag was found in the Cairo
home of. an American press '
attache.
But that self-powered bug
that ran nearly a decade
without renewal inside Sta-
lin's eagle is still honored and
unmatched.
1
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BaSed on Interview With' P
.Who Spied for 1Soviet
STAT
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10SCOW, Dec. 13 (Reuters) -?? stir up trouble In various
ollowing, in unoffici laces which when merged
al trans- In the spring of 1951. an ! ?
' ? p, ,
)n, is the text of an article' inportant meeting was called ? together, would lead to an
?-o,stia based on1/4an inter-_ in the office of one of the \ . explosion and the toppling
with Harold A. R. inlay, leaders of the Central Intent- ' of the existing system.
',Ion who spied for Moscow 'gence Agency, the sanctum .!
sanctorum of ? the Ameritan : . A big stake had been
now is a Soviet citizen: ,,
N. frosty December - morn- secret service. In addition to ? placed on the operation. Ac-
:. The night's gloom has Allen Dulles, around the long cording to the thinking of Its originators. It was, in the
t yet left the snow-covered ? table sat Frank Wisner, the
first place, a "test stone"
eets: The trees on Gogol .. head of the service for super- ,
.. posed to become the start-
secret subversive political op- and, in the second, was sup-
ulevard are covered with a
;zy hoarfrost. At the trol- erations. His post was ? 'a
bus stop stands a chain of secret even to trusted work- , ing point for broad countre-
)s ers, he was listed as. an as- ? revolutionary actions against
ple, wiping their cheek
all the Socialist countries.,
i stamping their feet. Peo? Sisthnt to the director of the ,
;, The for policy coadP ? .iArThaeititneg for the signal for the'ams of saboteurs were, ?
! are hurrying. A new day...
1 its cares and concerns,, nation. Alongside him was ' drop. , his ? ,:f
mginning. Automobiles are i assistant, Frank Lindsay. ' p. Lindsay, Wisner's as-o.
o hurrying, passing one : The participants .in the sthisetaniitilmhgaodiabtoeen designated.
executor or
other.
; meeting were waiting fpc,11% ogle operan
11 no longer young but still i?
impertaimportant guest. Rim Pniley, , Foldiby -approved the plan;
i '.,i
tng strong marl of wilddlo, the head of a special liaison ' ;certain details seemed to have ?
ght walks unhurriefily, ' mission between the British, been' inadequately worked j
ag the sidewalk, breathing ,
-frosty air with pleasure. secret service and the CIA. 1 , out and he made a number.'
in Washington, was supposed '-', of corrections. The partici-
Is wearing a warm sheep- to take part in working out 'pants in the meeting caught I
a-lined coat and a fur hat., ah operation of extreme im- tis , every.. word; Philby 's
? A Meeting at the C.I.A. !
takingly prepared were pains-1"
. takingly analyzed. All but I
one, Dulles, a man with 's
Imagination. could imagine...!?.
everything that suited him.
i
But even n'nightmare he 4 ?.
could not conceive that a.;:; .
. staff worker of the Soviet,i;
' intelligence had sat opposite V
him at the table In his office 4
that August morning.
Soviet spy Kim Philby had .
fulfilled his latest assignment .
from the center. ?
And now it became our.
'turn to sit at the same table
with Kim Philby. The table
was a small one, the polish;
does not shine. An English
table; covered with old Work'
papers. The rest of the fund. i?
tures which seemed to haveq
arrived in this Moscow apart- 1, '
ment straight form the novels
?' ? ?
of Dickens, also suited
the darkened wood of the :1
bookshelves, the armchair'i,
that seems almost preten-
tious to' our modern taste 1. '? '
and the fireplace, an electric 'a
one though.. The apartment ,1
is filled with books, of all
kinds for the most part Eng- ? ,,
lish.
The host of the apartment??1
fits harmoniously in this' en...]
vironment He is very ,calm,',k ? !
nnhurried, nis big gray head 4 '' ?
with a straight part is seated ;
on strong sho:Iders and his
weathered, ma.a'uline face bi ? .
softened by brieht eyes with:, ? ' '
a slight squint. When he';
smiles, wrinkles run from the
corners of his eyes to his?I
temples and his face becomes
even warmer. Kim Philby, a .
man of great destiny, Is re-.; ,!
ceiving us, two Soviet Jour-.4
nalists, for the first time. a
There are millions of ques- 4
tions in our heads, but where
should we begin? Comrade ?
Philby quite obviously catches ;`i
the confusion on our faces. I
"Let us start with the be- '
ginning," he proposed softly,
from the stove, as the Rus-,I
?
ians say."
I.
portance. The C.I.A. had opinion was. worth a good
?
teu by the morning and pinned high hopes on the .deal. Dulles, puffing on his
frost and the rushing: British guest, a prominent pipe, listened to the English
am of pedestrians. Oc- : member of the 'British secret guest with emphasized re-
Dnally people bump into .service who was considered ' sped. He had vast informs-
"E ," they hast.
an outstanding expert on op-
say to him. "Don't men- tion about him. He knew that'
erations against the, Soviet Vary had gathered experi-
it," he answers pleas-
, ,Union and other Socialist, ence as long before as the
r, speaking with a slight ! countries. Philby had stood at , Spanish Civil War, that
nt the cradle of the C.LA.?the Franco had personally pinned
- glances at the people, American espionage system the Red Military Cross on his
to trolleybus stop and, was created under the guld- ' chest. Dulles also knew about
cheerful good-natureance of the highly experi- the extensive ties between
a, after a fashionable enced British secret service. the English spy and the ruj-
g girl in a mlnicoat, who The Englishman was as'lag circels of Hitler's Ger- .
lag borne along to the precise as ever. He arrived .many, the 'fact- that Philby
regularly visited Berlin before
the war, where he quite
simply met with von Ribben-
trop. He was an outstanding
.g y I on the minute: Very.elegant,
-n. He looks with inter- I thoughtful,. he 'was the model
t boys with schoolbags ; of a British gentleman. A :
,eir shoulders throwing slight stammer did not spoil
oaths a eachother on his speech, and legends of"' specialist and the C.I.A. knew
noulevard. He always the powes! of his charm dr- ? it ? 1
.:, this man with a good culated in both the CIA.-- i. It. Was a Catastrophe':
open face.
' and the British secret serv-1 ? One of the most significant
ice. After cordially greeting . i ' operations of the C.I.A., cake-
:, what unusual things
it) is he, what is he smil-
those assembled,,he took his
ol, found on the boule- seat at the table. :1' fully concealed throughout 1,
;. the subsequent 17 years of;
in the coated trees, on ? The C.LA:had been ordered I.1, the cold war, ended in an Un-?'
rdinary Moscow morn- to work out an operation on ' expected failure. The team of ;
he young boys on the . organizing a counterrev0111- ; ,
? dropped men was greeted in s
?
?
? '
-ard, the passers-by on: tionary uprising in one of the
dewalk?who of them 1 a proper way. It was a catas- '
Dalkan Socialist countries. .
? trophe, and moun ring was
imagine the surprising The first stage in this action :
1- observed in CIA. headquar
.ory of 'the man who was supposed to be the..!
at them this morning? ! dropping of a group of sev- ' f
l,
d
All the services were, ' s
been called a mystery1 eral hundred saboteurs on i
his life a riddle. Long ? the territory of, this country. ;' turned upside down. All the;
hypotheses linkedl
whole decades, 30 long I Almost all oaf ' them were ...possible
-f eternal riddles. A life ' emigres from the country.. ' f, with the failure of the opera-::,
plex as a labyrinth. ., ? The poop waif' supposed to: 1, .149.1hat had been so painsyt
His English reveals him as.,
a man of high culture.
-He was born in the 'In?
ian ' town of Ambaia and
pent the first four years of
his life in India.
"On Jan. 11 will be 56,".
Comrade Philby says. "My
father setved as, an officer ?
? ? 4. L ? -
?
? ' ' ??-??
? , .
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WIWI =MS HERALD
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MOSCOW, Dec. 18--The So-
viet security police, celebrat-
, big its 50th anniversary this
week, introduced British de-
fector Harold Adrian (Kim)
Philby to Russian readers to-
night.
In a fiv _-column interview
produced for the government
newspaper Izvestia, Philby de.
scribed proudly how he had
, outwitted Western intelligence
? agencies during the 1940s and
1950s and publicized his re-
.cently completed book of
memoln?which MMociates
?.have been attempting, thus far
unsuccessfully, to place in
? British and American news-
D. r papers.
The Philby interview fol-
'
lowed an article in Pravda
. 'earlier toda Y accusing two
Lir met . American military
STAittaches here of espionage in
r the Ultratne 1nJun, 1968,?Ife-
.eIisR 0
ied on iWest
cusatien!s which Ow U.S. Erni
bassy called "fabrications'
,.. without foundation."'
. The organization, known!
ince 1954 as the ,?Committeel
on State Security (KGB), is
with Allen Dulles, Frank Wis-
ncr and Frank Lindsay of the
CIA about organizing an anti-
Communist revolt "in one of
the Socialist countries in the
Balkans." This.operation, which
currently headed by. Yuri P.
Andropov. It was founded six
Weeks after the Communist
seizure of power as the Cheka,
or Extraordinary Commission
Against Sabotage aria Specula-
tion. Its leaders over the years
have included Henryk Yagoda,
Nikolai ,Yezhov and Lavrenti
Beria?all of whom died vi-
olent deaths here?and Alex-
ander Sheiepin, a member
the present Politburo.
' The Philby intervieW: added
-,
little to what had been dis- Washington between ?1949 and normal tours of duty last sum
closed in British pubkations 1951. He said Allen Dulles mei% Pravda gave thi impres?
- it( - - 7 '
about the'double agent's "'betty. "was attentive to people but 'sion that the Incident itici,Just
ities and was curiously reti fact treated them comics occurred.
. :4116.1.:4?46
cent on several points. For ex- condingly. He never consid-'
ample, Philby described a talk ere'd matters deeply and I
would say that, with all his:
,aggressiveness, he *as nev-
ertheless a dilettante. The
best proof of that was the ad-
venture of the Cuban invasiond
which resulted in such a;
,shameful failure. It is believed!
he occupied this post only:
thanks to his brother, John'
,Foster Dulles . .; .?1 Philbyl
,said he had tried hard ,to have
,good relations with Richard,
Reims, the present director of
the CIA. "He was an easy per-
son to work with, though he
was very reserved. He could
never have invented gunpoW-
der?he's certainly no Walter
Bedell Smith . He is more
,of a politician than an expert
.at his trade. As I was once
,told by an FBI officer, Helms
was connected with a certain;
Influential . political group,
'1 'which was Always pushing. him
forward."..:
?
Philby 'said his' conversa-1
tions with J. Edgar. Hoover'
were "sometimes of a very cu-
rious character," and dealt
mostly with the methods of
Soviet Intelligence agencies.
Philby claimed that Hoover's'.
deputy, identified only as
Ledd or Ladd, once tried tot
persuade him "in utmost seri-I
?unless that President Frank./
lin Roosevelt was an agent of
the Communist International."
[In Washington, an FBI
spokesman said a man named
D. Milton Ladd had been a
deputy of Hoover, but had re-
tired in 1954. The spokesman
Philby betrayed to his super- declined to comment ?on the
ions in the KGB who thereuponi Izvestia article.]
The Pravda charges this
foiled it, was revealed earlier morning referred to an inci-.
this year to have been directed dent in Orsha, the Ukraine. 18
at Albania. Why the KGB pre- months ago involving Lt. Col,
ferred to avoid mentioning its! Robert E. Liichow, the assist.
role in saving the Albanian re- ant U.S. Army attache, and Lt.
gime of Enver Hoxha was not Comdr. Robert B. Bathurst, as-
known.. sistant Naval attache. Both
ate Oen. Waite(' Bedell smith
ilby appeared to rate the Ird2 i woretrieetzusbjseacitri WasWilltimat.
Iiighest of the various intelli- proper detention" but stayed
gence officials he met in on In Russia to complete their
he had in 1951, in ,Washington
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An absolute requisite to any organ-
ization such as the CIA is that thing
called esprit de corps: pride, enthus-
iasm, devdtion and jealous regard for
the honor of the group. The Marines
have it. The FBI has it. In the CIA it
is almost 'totally lacking:
Two men are primarily responsible
;.ior this situation. Both were Presidents
of the United States..
1 The first was Harry S. Truman. HeY
?
appointed the man who is considered
by most observers (and CIA employ-. -
; ees) to have been the best man ever '-
hto head the agency, Vice Admiral Ros-
coe H. Hillenkoetter?and then refused
to back him rip. Most readers of. these
! lines Vill think immediately of Tru-
man's dismissal of General MacArthur
at-the height of the Korean War. But
it may be that h replacement Of Hill-
eankeetter was more disastrous, histor-
ically. Admiral Hillenhoetter was ap-
pointed Director Of the CIA in May,
1917. He was a professional
intelli-
gence officer, ran a tight shop, and a
good one. President Truman left guid-
ance of the CIA. to the Policy Planning ?
Staff at the Department of State. In .
- practice that meant that George Ken-
man; John Paton Davies, Jr., and Ham-
an Cleveland gave the orders. There
came the inevitable showdown, and
Truman sided with ? the State Depart-
n-lent. In 1950, Hillenkoetter was mc-
.aced by General Walter Bedell
/Smith, who bent to the. State' Depart-
ment's, will. A number- of top CIA, .ca-
reel. officers doi.a,-nted when Hillenlioet-..
ter did. Agency moral never recovered..
ea. ? -
The _second blow was administered -
by John P. Kennedy. It is the record
that one of. the CIA's most brilliant ?
achievements was the overthrow of
the Cmmunist- government of Guatc-
'.2.he man who engineerd-d it was
one of , America's
authentic heroes ? and CIA's: Prince-
ton, B. S., cum laude, 1028-; top ten ;
percent,- Harvard Law School,. ? nqi.; .
.varsity. football and lacrosse; Multi-
engine aircraft pilot; .:luent in Spanish,
-French, Germain, Cninese; coondina.
tor of Admiral Byrd' a second Antarctic
.expedition; special assistant Attornkr;;,?::..-. -
General. Of the U. S.; assistant to Gen,
Chennault information of the Flying' .
Tigers; special representative of like
US in the Philippines; Ambassador to
Honduras and to Costa Rica. lathe fin-
al months of "his administration, Pr, j- -
dent Eisenhower chose Whiting
latter to plan and organize the invasina
of Cuba, a salute to hi a earlier succaa3
in Guatemala.
- :John F. Kennedy relieved him, with.
out explanation, discussion or coin-
mon courtesy.? -
The Bay of Pigs tragedy followed.
But CIA morale had died months
earlier.
Hillenkoetter and. Willauer Wen
the two most - respected professionals.
in CIA's 20-year ? history. Each was
shabbily. dismissed. .
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