ISSUANCE OF PASSPORTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91-00965R000200180007-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 10, 2004
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: August 26, 1960
• Content Type: OPEN

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960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 16557
Imperative as an emergency measure to the secretary of State reading In part Departmental, representatives have testi-
that the Senate accept the House amend- as follows: fled to this effect before at least five different
meets so that the bill may go to the On July 7, 1958, President Eisenhower in committees of. the Congress and on numer-
White House. There was no opposition a message to the Congress requested the en- our occasions. In addition to the Presi-
in the Interstate and Foreign Commerce actment of legislation with regard to the dent's message to the Congress on July 7,
Committee. Issuance of passports. In his message the 1958, and his 1960 budget message to the
The Senator from Kansas [Mr. President stated, "I wish to emphasize the Congress on January 19, 1959, concerning the
necessity for passport legislation, the Presi-
SCHOEPPEL] and I cosponsored the bill. urgency of the legislation I have recom- dent's view that legislation in the passport
I have discussed it with the minority mended. Each day and week that passes field is both essential and urgent was con-
leader, the Senator from Illinois CMr, without it exposes us to great danger. 2 veyed to the Senate Foreign Relations Coin-
DIRKSEN], just prior to lunch, and so far hope the Congress will move promptly to- mittee on June 26, 1959. I still consider
as I know there is absolutely no objec- ward its enactment'` that the lack of legislative authority to deny
tion to the bill. There is an emergency On the same day the Secretary of passports to the really dangerous partici-
involved. State transmitted a draft of a bill to pants in the Communist conspiracy is a
Mr: KEATING. Mr. President, am I implement the suggestions made by the most critical problem and constitutes a clear
to understand that all members of the President. In my letter I referred to and present danger to the United States.
committee favor the amendments? the various bills pending in the field of The letter discusses H.R. 9069 which
Mr. MAGNUSON. I have not dis- passport legislation, and asked the Sec- has passed the House of Representatives,
cussed the House amendments with the retary of State to review them and to and states that it is to some degree in-
members of the Senate committee, be- advise me of his general impression. I adequate. Acting Secretary Dillon goes
the House amendments are of a minor I am particularly anxious to have your
nature. Because of the emergency, we views as to the importance of enacting pass-
would like to accept the House amend- port control legislation prior to the adjourn-
ments and pass the bill. meet of this Congress.
Mr. KEATING. Has the Senator from
Washington discussed these amend-
ments with the minority leader?
Mr. MAGNUSON. I have not dis-
cussed the amendments in detail, but I
discussed the proposal in detail with him
prior to lunch.
Mr. KEATING. I am informed that
the Senator from Kansas [Mr. SCHOEP-
PEL], the ranking minority member of
the committee, has agreed to the pro-
posed amendments. With that under-
standing I am very happy to interpose
no objection.
The PRESIDING OFFICER laid be-
fore the Senate the amendments of the
House of Representatives to the bill (S.
1806) to revise title 18, chapter 39, of
the United States Code, entitled "Ex-
plosives and Combustibles", which were:
On page 1, line 3, strike out "chapter
39,"; on page 9, line 6, after "associ-
ations" insert ", including the Bureau
for the Safe Transportation of Explo-
sives and other Dangerous Articles,"; on
page 9, strike out lines 12 through 14,
inclusive, and insert "(f) Whoever
knowingly", and on page 10, line 16,
after "privilege" insert ": Provided,
however, That before any person may
be required to appear and testify or pro-
duce documentary evidence, he shall be
advised by the Commission that he must
specifically claim such privilege".
Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, I
move that the amendments of the House
be considered en bloc and concurred in.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing to the motion
of the Senator from Washington,
. The motion was agreed to.
p
e
ecretary of
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. Mr. State under appropriate safeguards to deny
President, will the Senator yield? passports to citizens knowingly engaged In
Mr. KEATING. I yield. activities for the purpose of furthering the
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. Does International Communist movement. Such
the Senator from New York anticipate authority represents, in my opinion, the
asking for a quorum call before he be, minimum which is essential to counteract
the danger to which we are exposed daily
gins his remarks? by the present state of the law. I am seri-
Mr. KEATING. I will not ask for a ously concerned about the jeopardy to our
quorum call unless the Senator wishes national security and the prejudice to our
one. foreign relations Involved in the unrestricted
travel abroad of active participants in the
ISSUANCE OF PASSPLYRTS~ Communist conspiracy.
The administration has consistently urged
Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, on the Congress to take action to fill this
August 17 of this year I directed a letter statutory gap In our defenses.
I am in receipt. of a letter from Under
Secretary of State Douglas Dillon, dated
August 25. It is a rather long letter,
and I shall not read all of it. He states:
I have your letter to Secretary Herter of
August 17, 1960, requesting his general im-
pressions of the passport legislation which
passed the House on September 8, 1959 (H.R.
9069) and the measure reported by the Sen-
ate Committee on the Judiciary on June 30,
1960 (S. 2652), together with his estimate of
the importance of enacting passport control
legislation prior to the adjournment of this
Congress-
S. 2652 was sponsored by the distin-
guished Senator from Connecticut [Mr.
DODD] and myself..
At the outset, I want to emphasize that
I attach the utmost importance to the en-
actment of adequate passport control legis-
lation during the present Congress. I can
assure you that Secretary Herter is in full
accord with my position on this matter.
It has never been the Department's view,,
however, that there is but one possible solu-
tion to the deficiency in our passport author-
ity; or, for that matter, that all passport
problems must be solved in one piece of
legislation. As a result of the sentiment ex-
pressed by the Foreign Relations and For-
eign Affairs Committees during hearings in
the 85th Congress on this subject, the De-
partment concluded that the Congress did
not favor an urgent approach to full-scale
revision and codification of all passport
laws. Accordingly, in the 86th Congress the
Department decided to support legislation
limited to the most critical problem-au-
thorizing the denial of passports to persons
knowingly engaged in activities in further-
ance of the international Communist move-
ment.
Simply stated, there is needed legislative
authority which will
ermit th
S
on to state:
Of the bills presently pending before the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, includ-
ing the House-passed bill, the Department
has strongly endorsed S. 2315-the Wiley
bill-and the Attorney General has joined in
this endorsement of the bill to meet the
Communist problem in the passport area.
Incidentally, the American Bar Association
has also endorsed S. 2315,sas being the bill
pending in Congress which most nearly con-
forms to its resolution on passport legisla-
tion.
That bill, as I understand, Is now rest-
ing quietly in the Committee on Foreign
Relation.
He then says:
You also asked the Secretary for his im-
pression of S. 2652. The passport provisions
of S. 2652 (Dodd-Keating bill) are In several
respects preferable to the House-passed bill.
The criteria for passport denial, as well as
a number of other provisions, are essentially
the same in both bills. However, S. 2652 pro-
vides specifically for the utilization of in-'
formation the disclosure of which would
prejudice the national security and public
Interest, or would compromise investigative
sources and methods, together with the pro-
vision that such information shall not con-
stitute a basis for passport denial unless the
applicant is furnished a full summary there-
of in as much detail as security considera-
tions will permit. I believe such a provision
recognizes the Important Interests of the
U.S. Government without undue prejudice
to the Interests of the individual.
On the other hand, if the House-passed
bill (H.R. 9069) should be amended to allow
some reliance by the Secretary of State on
confidential information under appropriate
safeguards to protect the rights of the indi-
vidual it would, I believe, fully meet the
needs of our national security for legislation
authorizing the denial of U.S. passports to
dangerous members of the Communist con-
spiracy.
Mr. President, I am convinced that we
will be failing in our responsibilities to
the American people, particularly in the
light of this exchange of correspondence
with the Secretary of State, if we do not
at this session consider passport con-
trol legislation prior to adjournment. I
hope that the full impact of the Depart-
ment's letter will be felt by every Mem-
ber of the Senate.
I ask unanimous consent that the let-
ters may be printed in full at the con-
elusion of my remarks.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. With-
out objection, it is so ordered.
(See exhibit 1.)
Mr. DODD. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
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 16558
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE August 26-
Mr. SEATING, I shall be glad to up and brought before the Senate. I is of more importance, indeed, than many
yield in a moment. I should like to am certr.in that we can get a good bill of the bills upon which we spent time
complete my thought. Under Secretary through the Senate, and ultimately yesterd.ry.
Dillon, the writer of the letter, is not a through Congress. But it has to be In my judgment, there simply is no
man who lightly utters warnings like done promptly. There is not much time excuse for further inaction on this sub-
this. He has made a solemn evaluation left. ject. if the Senate does not wish to
of the present situation, which cannot I am very glad the able Senator from enact any passport legislation, then cer-
be disregardee. without risking serious New York has brought up this subject tainly a majority should be given an
injury to the national welfare. The today. In my judgment, he is a very opportunity to say that it does not wish
House of Representatives twice has en- great lawyer; a most experienced and to do sal. However, I am perfectly confl-
acted passport legislation by overwelm- scholarly one; and a man of fair dis- dent that the Senate feels that this is an
ing majorities, only to see its action position. He has rendered a distinct area, es does the Secretary of State,
either annulled or ignored by a refusal service in discussing this subject. I where we should act.
of the Senate to consider the subject. assure him that I shall do everything I I believe all the sections of the bill
It may very well be that the bill in- can to make certain that this bill is which as been reported are important.
troduced by tk.e Senator from Connecti- brought before the Senate. I have so doubt that they would be over-
cut and myself should be amended. It Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, I ap- whelmingly approved if we had the op-
has been unanimously reported by the preciate deeply the remarks of the dis- portun ty to pass upon them.
Committee on the Judiciary. it is on the tinguished Senator from Connecticut. In my opinion, the passport problem is
calendar, ready for action. Perhaps the We have worked together in conducting so Important that if it is felt that the
language of the House bill or some other the hear ings on this and related proposed other provisions would further compli-
language is preferable, but the opposi- legislation. Many witnesses appeared cate matters-although I do not believe
tion of a few Members of the Senate before is who felt that we could go there would be any objection to the other
to legislation in general in this field much further than we have in the bill provisions of the bill-then perhaps we
should not be allowed to stymie all Sen- which we have introduced. In fact, it ought to consider the passport problem
ate consideration of this grave problem. is probable that most of the pressure alone.
It has been more than 2 years since was in tint direction. However, we tried Many reports have been circulated
President Eisenhower, in his message to to deal with the subject objectively and concer zing a premature adjournment of
Congress, urgently pleaded for enact- in a judicious manner, and not to sug- this session of Congress, perhaps tomor-
ment of this necessary legislation, and gest leg-slation which was not moderate. row or in the next few days, or at some
the State Department's letter makes it As th-, Senator from Connecticut has early t me. The letter of the Acting Sec-
evident that this need has in no way pointed out, the bill deals not only with retary of State, Douglas Dillon, reveals
abated and that it is still a subject on passpors; It attempts also to clarify the folly of any such precipitate exodus
which action oy Congress is imperative. the law with regard to espionage com- from 'Nashington. This is a problem
I am happy to yield to the distin- mitted in foreign lands. It redefines which simply cannot be swept under the
guished Senator from Connecticut. the "organize" provision in the Smith rug ur.til another day, if we are to put
Mr. DODD. I thank the distill- Act. It also expanded the scope of the the interests of the Nation, as outlined
guished Senator from New York. I am Foreign Agents Registration Act. in thi; letter, before our own conven-
proud of the fact that I was privileged The passport provision, as I say. ience.
to work with the distinguished Senator should he open to debate. Very probably I ream in the RECORD this morning that
from New York in the preparation of the wording of the bill can be improved. the Committee on Foreign Relations yes-
the bill, which we jointly introduced. Both the distinguished Senator from terday passed over until next year any
In my judgment this is one of the most Connecticut and I and, of course, every pendii g -passport legislation, and an-
Important measures before the Senate, other member of the Committee on the nounc ad that such legislation would be
and we should act on It. I am certain Judielay, felt that each individual its first order of business in the 87th
the Senator from New York will agree should be properly, fully, and adequately Congr ass. This is disheartening news.
with me that the bill not only is appro- protected in his own individual rights; It shows the folly of waiting upon the
priate with respect to the passport situ- however, to force the Secretary of State, action of that committee before the
ation, which I think is grave, but that as is tha present situation, to issue pass- Senates comes to grips with the problem.
the bill covers other important areas, as ports t) know enemies of our country, There is no excuse for not taking this
well. It provides for the handling of who m ),y be know to be going abroad up now; and the bill on the calendar,
offenses under the Espionage Act which to get indoctrination in espionage and reported by the Judiciary Committee, is
are committed outside the territorial efforts to overthrow this country, Is eminently appropriate for that purpose.
jurisdiction o:^ the United States. Much something with which we should correct Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, will the
could be said about this problem, but I and eo;Teel forthrightly. Senat)r from New York yield?
shall not take the time now to say any- The letter of Under Secretary of State The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Joa-
thing about it. Dillon, as I have pointed out, expresses DAN L:1 the chair). Does the Senator
It also covers a situation which cries a preference for the provisions of S. from :qew York yield to the Senator from
to heaven for some relief under the For- 2315, introduced by the distinguished Wisconsin?
eign Agents Legistration Act. Senato-' from Wisconsin [Mr. Wn,a Y]. Mr. SEATING. I am happy to yield.
This is ail important bill. I hope All well and good. Let us get the bill Mr. WILEY. I am very glad to join
some action can be taken on it. It rep- before ,he Senate. -Let the Senator from in the very astute words of the Senator
resents, in my judgment, the very mini- Wisconsin offer the provisions of his bill from New York. He is always worth
mum of what we should do and what is as a substitute. listen ng to.
essential if we are to protect ourselves Someone else may want to substitute This afternoon much has been said in
intelligently from some facets of the the provisions of the House bill, which stressing the thought that we are not
menace of communism. has already been passed. This would, of sufficiently prepared militarily. I be-
lt was our purpose to present to the course, have the merit of expediting the lieve that In relation to this particular
Senate the most noncontroversial and legislation. It may well be that the phase of our national life we must con-
most urgently needed of the numerous House language is preferable; but it Is sider whether we are doing sufficient on
suggestions which were made to us as Important that we deal with S. 2(152 as the home front, as regards protecting our
members of the Committee on the Judi- the proper vehicle. It is now on the cal- intern sts.
ciarv. We know there is a difference of endar. It could be called up for action at Russia made the U-2 plane flights
opinion about this subject. We share any tirie. There is no doubt in my mind necessary. Congress appropriated the
many of the apprehensions of our col- that It Is of much greater importance to money for the U-2; and for 4 years the
leagues. I sm certain that suggestions our national interest than, for Instance, U-2 riade a large number of flights over
will be made to make the bill a better the pending sense-of-Congress resolu- Russia, and gave us important infor-
piece of legislation, and I am confident tion with regard to how the President mation in regard to the Russian military
that a bill can be passed. All I think should act in making recess appoint- establishments and military develop-
needs to be done is to have the bill called ments to the Supreme Court; or that it ment3.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 16559
On the other hand, in this country
many spies and agents of the Kremlin
are allowed to go almost everywhere.
But in Russia our representatives are
treated far differently.
Consequently, we had to make the U-2
observations from 70,000 feet in the air.
For 4 years those operations were con-
ducted; and the information obtained-
and I have seen the pictures--clearly
shows that those flights were necessary.
Today, there are those who say we
should continue to make observations by
means of the U-2 flights. That is a
military problem, and I shall not try to
settle it.
However, I believe it all important that
the American people recognize-and the
facts should be made known-how seri-
ous the spying activities of the Kremlin
really are.
We find their spies everywhere, and
of course we let them come into our
country.
The bill being discussed should cer-
tainly be taken up and passed at this
session. In fact, in my opinion my bill
should have been reported by the For-
eign Relations Committee.
Mr. KEATING. I thank the Senator
from Wisconsin.
Mr. SCHOEPPEL. Mr. President--
Mr. KEATING. I yield to the Senator
from Nebraska.
Mr. SCHOEPPEL. I thank the Sena-
tor from New York for yielding to me. I
wish to commend him for the interest
he has demonstrated in the problem of
making proper regulations in regard to
the issuance of passports.
Mr. President, similar statements
have been made and similar interest has
been expressed by Senators on both sides
of the aisle, in recent weeks, since the
Senate reconvened. Certainly the ur-
gency of the situation is quite clear to
anyone who gives the matter more than
cursory consideration.
We are concerned, of course, with
many matters pertaining to the budget,
armaments, our position in the cold war,
Cuba, the Congo, and many other situa-
tions. Yet, despite the fact that what
we do in this passport area bears so
closely and vitally on all those prob-
lems, action on it has been refused, and
for 2 years no action whatever was
taken, following the action by the
Supreme Court. Not until June 30 did
any bill on the subject find its way to
the floor of the Senate.
The bill now on the calendar is not a
new proposal. It has been before the
House and the Senate for the greater
part of 2 years. As a matter of fact, a
Presidential message on'the subject was
sent to Congress. The proposed legisla-
tion on the subject has been here since
June 30. Certain technical amendments
on the subject have been carefully con-
sidered; and certainly it is time that a
legislative position on this matter was
taken, and that it matured into the form
of final legislation.
It is most regrettable that the bill has
not already been acted on by the Con-
gress; and I am grateful to the Senator
from New York for again calling atten-
tion to the situation.
Mr. KEATING. I am very grateful to
the Senator for his remarks. He has
been a leader in the efforts to see to it
that action on this matter was taken.
He has spoken on the importance of
having such action taken at this ses-
sion; and I am very grateful to him for
the statement he has made about the
matter today,
Mr: WILLIAMS of Delaware. Mr.
President, will the Senator from New
York yield to me?
Mr. KEATING. I yield.
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. I wish
to join the Senator from New York, the
Senator from Nebraska, and other Sena-
tors in urging the Senate leadership to
schedule the bill on this subject for ac-
tion before we adjourn. I think there is
no measure more important than the one
the Senator from New York has been
discussing ; and certainly' no measure
which involves the security of the coun-
try should be overlooked, even though we
are in a hurry to return home in this
campaign year. So I certainly hope the
leadership will take heed and will-sched-
ule the bill for action.
Mr. KEATING. I am very grateful to
the Senator from Delaware for his re-
marks, and I share his view that this bill
is as urgent as any bill which could pos-
sibly be on the calendar.
Mr. President, before yielding the
floor, I want to point out that the secu-
rity problem which arises out of the
present situation with regard to pass-
ports is not speculative; it is real and
it is documented. Of course, much of
this documentation cannot be revealed
without jeopardizing our intelligence
sources, methods, and information. The
facts concerning some of the specific
cases, however, where passports have
had to be issued and which can be re-
vealed are enough to demonstrate the
seribusness of this problem.
I have been furnished by the Depart-
ment of State a full report-and I might
say to my distinguished friend from
Montana this is public property; this
is not confidential information; and it
is open to him and to anybody else who
wants to ask the Department of State
about it-on several of these specific
cases where passports have had to be
issued to known Communists.
I shall not go into them in detail,
but one of these involves Morris H. Hal-
perin. Mr. Halperin was implicated in
the escape of the Sterns behind the Iron
Curtain. After this incident he was
still able to obtain a passport, which
he used in 1958 to go to Moscow, when
his deportation from Mexico as an
American Communist was imminent.
He is now reported to be working for
the Soviet Government.
Other cases involved Paul Novik,
David Matis, and Abraham Bick, report-
ers for Communist newspapers in New
York City.
All three of these men are reported
to be members of the Communist Party.
Everyone knows of the horrible out-
rages against Russians of Jewish origin
in which the Soviet Government has
been engaged. The mission of these
three men was to make an on-the-spot
investigation for their Communist pa-
per to prove that Russia was in no way
anti-Semitic and to disprove the al-
legations of the way the Soviet had
been treating their Jewish citizens.
All of this they were able to do while
traveling through Europe with Ameri-
can passports. We were cloaking them
with the protection %an, d status which
goes with an American passport, while
they were gathering and disseminating
propaganda information for the Soviet
Union.
Another case involves James E. Jack-
son, Jr., a leading official of the Com-
munist Party. Jackson obtained a pass-
port and, with other leading Commu-
nists, he attended a meeting with the
Communist Party in Moscow in 1959.
I can think of nothing which more
greatly facilitates the work of interna-
tional communism than this ability to
maintain contact, to communicate, and
to exchange information with those who,
we know, and they have told us, are
out to bring about our destruction and
to bury us.
I believe it is important that the in-
formation which has been furnished to
me by the Department of State should
be available for all Members of the Sen-
ate, and I ask unanimous consent that
there be included at this point in the
RECORD the detailed information on the
cases to which I have referred.
There being no objection, the state-
ment was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
STATEMENT BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE
CONCERNING CASES WHERE PASSPORTS HAVE
HAD To BE ISSUED TO KNOWN COMMUNISTS
Subject: Maurice Hyman Halperin.
1. Maurice Hyman Halperin, a summary of
whose background and activities appears as
attachment A, on July 15, 1957, made reserva-
tions through the Mundus Tours, in Mexico,
for "four engineers" on KLM flight No. 652,
leaving Mexico for Amsterdam at midnight
on July 20, 1957. On the afternoon of July
19, 1957, the individual in the tourist agency
with whom Halperin had made the original
reserdations, advised. KLM that three of the
persons who would travel on the above reser-
vations were Alfred K. Stern, Martha Stern,
and Robert Stern. The fourth reservation
was canceled. The Sterns had previously
obtained fraudulent Paraguayan passports,
alleging that they were citizens of that coun-
try. These passports have been declared void
by the Government of Paraguay. We do not
know what part, if any, Halperin played in
obtaining the passports, but we do know
that he was so intimately associated with the
Sterns and their affairs that it would be sur-
prising if he were not involved in the pass-
port deal. Martha Dodd Stern and Alfred
K. Stern were indicted by a Federal grand
jury in the Southern District of New York
on September 9, 1957, on a charge of con-
spiring to obtain and transmit to the U.S.S.R.
information relating to the national defense
of the United States. The Sterns continued
directly behind the Iron Curtain, where they
have remained.
2. Considerable publicity resulted from this
escape of the Sterns. This publicity also
involved a number of American Communists
then residing in Mexico. Maurice Halperin is
in this group.
3. In. September 1958 the Mexican Govern-
ment started deporting American Commu-
nists. According to the press, among those
listed for deportation was Maurice Halperin.
Halperin applied for a U.S. passport on July
26, 1958. He and his wife obtained their
passports at the American Embassy on Au-
gust 26, 1958, and departed Mexico on Oc-
tober 13, 1958. They went behind the Iron
Curtain and' are residing in Moscow. Our
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE August 26
latest information Indicates that Halperin is
working for the Soviet Government and Is
also in the process of writing a book.
Attachment A: Summary of Halperin's
'background and activities.
ATTACHMENT A
Subject: Maurice Hyman Halperin.
1. Maurice Ealperin received a bachelor
of arts degree from Harvard University, Cam-
bridge, Mass., it, 1926 in the field of romance
languages, and a master of arts degree from
the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla.,
In 1929, also In the field of romance lan-
guages. In 1931 he received a doctor of
philosophy degree In the field of comparati; a
literature from the University of Paris. Paris,
France. Early _n his career Halperin devel-
oped an intensive Interest in the civilization
of Mexico. Prior to 1941 he made 10 trips
to Mexico and spent the equivalent of 2
years in that co entry.
2. Halperin was a professsor at the Uni-
versity of Oklahoma from 1931 to 1941. From
1941 to 1945 he was employed with the Co-
ordinator of Information (COI) and the Of-
fice of Strategic Services (OSS) where he was
assigned to the Latin American Division.
becoming uitfl lately the head of that Divi.
sion. The Latin American section of the
Research and Analysis Unit of OSS was
transferred to ate Department of State under
Executive Order No. 9.621, dated September
20, 1945. Halperin, as chief of this unit,
was also transferred to the Department of
State. On May 31, 1946. he resigned from
the Department. of State due to Ill health.
In June 1946 he obtained employment In
New York City with the American-Jewish
Conference, handling minority groups and
acting as a lialaon official between that or-
ganization and the United Nations at Lake
Success, N.Y. In the summer of 1949, Hal-
perin made a trip to South America and
In the fall of 1949 he became head of the
Latin Americar: regional students section
at Boston University, College of Liberal Arts,
Boston. Mass. He was not officially dis-
missed from this position until January 6,
1954; however, Le went to Mexico on Novem-
ber 28, 1953, wbere he remained until Octo-
ber 1958.
S. In 1941 thcc Oklahoma State legislative
committee investigating subversive activi-
ties In the State of Oklahoma leaned that
Halperin had been a member of a group of
individuals who traveled to Cuba In 1935
In what was t.escribed as a Communist-
inspired "commission of investigation of
conditions in CI ba" arranged by Communist
leaders and sponsored by front organiza-
tions. Upon lap ding in Cuba, the delegation
was arrested by the Cuban authorities and
expelled after I day of confinement on the
ground that It'was a subversive group and
may have planned an uprising of some na-
ture. The State legislative committee also
learned that t4 1940 Halperin had cashed
a check for $433.01 drawn on the Bank of
Foreign Trade, Moscow, U.S.S.R.; that he
associated with. individuals of known leftist
tendencies; that. he had submitted articles
to the New Moises and the New Republic;
and that he had been a member of the
following orgarizatlons regarded by the
committee as loftist: Civil Liberties Com-
mittee. Americn.n Federation of Teachers,
and Oklahoma l ederation of Constitutional
Rights.
4. On the basis of its findings, the Okla-
homa State Legislative Committee recom-
mended that Balperln be dismissed from
his position at the University of Oklahoma.
Halperin was subsequently discharged from
the university on September 8, 1941, at
which time he was on sabbatical leave.
However, he was reinstated on February 11,
1942, and his sabbatical leave continued for
the fiscal year ending July 1, 1942. It has
been reported that this reinstatement was
brought about by protests made by the
Association of University Professors and that
Halperin was reinstated without prejudice
with the understanding that he would re-
sign at the termination of his sabbatical
leave In order that no undue hardship
would be sustained in his efforts to find
other en ployment.
5. Alta ough the above information was
known t3 approprlate officials of COIiOSS,
it was fe t at the time that the explanations
given by him in regard to his trip to Cuba
and the check drawn on the Moscow Bank
of Foreign Trade "exonerated" him.
6. In November 1945 Elizabeth Terril
Bentley. an admitted former espionage cou-
rier, stated that she had become acquainted
with Ha.perin In the latter part of 1942
through arrangements made by Jacob Golos,
a known Soviet espionage agent who died
on November 27, 1943. She further stated
that Halperin, supplied Golos with infor-
mation to which he had access In his office,
includinc mimeographed bulletins and re-
ports prepared by 085 on a variety of topics
and excepts from State Department cables
to which he had access. References to Eent-
ley's contact with Halperin while he was
employed by 05S are contained in Bentley's
book "O;ct of Bondage" on pages 200, 210,
261, 263-266.
7. On November 20, 1953, Halperin was
suspendel without pay from his position of
associate professor of the Latin American
regional students section at Boston Uni-
versity, College of Liberal Arts, after he re-
fused on constitutional grounds to tell the
U.S. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee
whether tie was ever a member of the Com-
munist I arty. This action was taken as a
result of public disclosures on television
of a letter from Mr. J. Edgar Hoover to Mr.
Harry H. Vaughn dated November 8, 1945,
and decl tssifled on November 16, 1953, in
which Mr. Hoover stated that as a result of
investigai.lve operations. Information had re-
cently been developed from a highly con-
fidential source Indicating that a number
of persons employed by thq Government of
the United States had been furnishing data
and information to persons outside the'Fed-
eral Government who in turn were furnish-
ing the Information to espionage agents
of the Soviet Government. The letter linked
Halperin with Harry Dexter White, Dr. Greg-
ory Sllv(-rmaster, and other Government
officials then suspected of espionage. Hal-
perin had been suspended previously by
Boston University In March 1953 for refusing
to answer questions of a Senate Internal
Security Subcommltee hearing In Boston,
but was reinstated after being reprimanded
and severely censured. Copies of newspaper
articles relating to Halperin's dismissal from
Boston University are attached, as attach-
ment B. It will be noted that according to
these articles Halperin and his family left
their home In Massachusetts in the middle
of the night without informing officials of
Boston University of his departure. He was
officially 3ismissed from the university on
January ii, 1954.
8. After his arrival in Mexico, Halperin be-
came a member of the American Communist
Group in Mexico (ACGM) and was associated
closely w tit Alfred K. Stern and his wife,
Martha Dodd Stern, who had arrived in
Mexico or July 5, 1953. Following the arrest
of the Soviet agents, Jack Soble and his wife,
Myra Bob: e, and Jacob Albam on January 25,
1957, it was disclosed that the Sterns had
been imp icated in Soviet espionage activity
with Jack Soble. On July 20, 1957, the
Sterns fled from Mexico to Czechoslovakia
ostensibly to avoid being extradited to the
United States to testify before a, special
grand ]my in regard to their association
with Jack Soble and the double agent Boris
Morros utilized by the FBI in the Jack Soble
case. An Investigation of the way In which
the Sterns had been able to leave Mexico
clandestinely disclosed that their airplane
reserva'-ions had been obtained for them by
Halperl3. without disclosing to the airlines
that tLey were to be used by the Sterns
until the day before their departure. Hal-
perin %,as very closely associated with the
Sterns throughout this period and was in-
timatel l Involved in their plans for escape.
9. The public disclosure of the assistance
Halperl a rendered the Sterns at the time of
their fight from Mexico resulted in the dis-
missal )f Halperin andhis wife, Edith Hal-
perin. from positions in Mexico City in which
they were employed. Up to that time, Edith
Halperi 1 had been employed as a teacher
by the American School Foundation, and
Haipert:l had been employed by the Mexican
Government in La Finanelera National,
South imerica, and at the National School
of Political and Social Sciences of the Uni-
versity )f Mexico. In addition, an ice cream
company by the name of Cia Mistram, South
Americo, In which Halperin and Noah
Seborer bad held stock was liquidated by
them it the summer of 1957. Noah Seborer
was a member of the ACGM with Halperin.
10. Ater the decision of the Supreme
Court 11 the Kent and Dayton cases, Hal-
perin fled an application for a passport
with tie American Embassy in Mexico on
July 26, 1958 (presumably his wife did also),
and be and his wife were issued passports
on August 20, 1958.
11. Ir August and September 1958, news-
papers n the United States carried several
articles about the American Communists in
Mexico and the efforts being made by the
Mexican. Government to have them de-
ported. (Copies of some of these articles
are atteohed as attachment C.) Halperln's
name vas among those mentioned by the
press. When Halperin commenced making
plans to leave Mexico he obtained airplane
reservations in the name of another person
in the tame manner he had used when ob-
taining airplane reservations for the Sterns.
The Ha per-Ins finally departed from Mexico
on October 13, 1958. At the time of his
departu,e, the Government of Mexico-had
his casn for deportation under considera-
tion.
12. W5 received information shortly after
Halperin's departure from Mexico that he
was employed in Moscow by the U.S.S.R.
This was confirmed on July 15, 1960, when
the ha:perlna appeared at the American
Embass;' in Moscow and presented their U.S.
passporla for renewal. Halperin stated that
he had been in the U.S.S.R. since December
1958 and that he Is employed by the U.S.S.R.
Academ?' of Sciences where he is doing re-
search In the foreign field, specifically, re-
lating t) undeveloped countries. It will be
recalled that Halperin Is something of an
authority on Latin -American affairs. Our
information Indicates that this probably Is
the field in which he is working at the pres-
ent tint e. The Soviet Academy of Sciences
is direc ;ly subordinate to the Council of
Ministers.
Subject: Paul Novik, David Mates, and
Abr;them Bick.
1. Ani isemitism 1s a widespread attitude
in the Soviet Union. It has been estimated
that ab tut 90 percent of the non-Semitic
Soviet ;copulation are anti-Semitic. The
Soviet regime manipulates existing anti-
Semitic attitudes for its own purposes, as
Is evide;iced in attachment A. This is an
internal U.S.S.R. broadcast made on De-
cember ), 1959, and directed only to Soviet
audience.
2. Externally, the Soviet Union and the
International Communist movement pursue
a program of concealing and denying the
existence and the extent of antisemitism in
the Sovi rt Union. The anti-Semitic attitude
of the E oviet Union to becoming known in
the Western World. The Morning Freiheit,
a pro-Clmmunist Yiddish daily published
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1960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
in. New York City, is the leading apologist for spreading news about alleged Soviet anti-
for the Soviet Union and attempts to show semitism. The originator of this broadcast
not only that the Soviet Union is not anti- was Solomon Rabinovich. In the broadcast
Semitic but that the Jewish people, both Rabinovich refuted vehemently the Western
individually and collectively, are prosper- allegations and stated that assertions of anti-
ing, happy, and free under Communist rule. semitism In the U.S.S.R. are made by the
To lend credence to this theme, its chief "enemies of the Soviet Union," are pure
editor, Paul Novik, its foreign news editor, fabrication and "do not contain even a grain
David Matis, and Abraham Bick, referred to of truth." He further described freedom
in the Morning Freiheit as a "speaker, lee- of worship 'and Indicated that only those lo-
turer, and writer," made trips to the Soviet calities lack synagogues where the Jews
Union In 1958 and 1959. themselves are not interested in having
3. In order to attract attention to his them.
articles from the Soviet Union, the Morn- 7. More details about the past of Solomon
ing Freiheit carried an announcement on Rabinovich are set out in a letter to the
January 9, 1959, as follows: "Read Paul
Novik's letters from Warsaw; do not fail to
read Paul Novik's letters from abroad, tell
everybody." The Morning Freiheit pub-
lished a series of 57 articl es or letters from
or about Novik's travels, all designed to
prove that the Soviet and satellite nations
are not anti-Semitic. The letters are very
favorable to the Soviets and satellites in
other respects and on every occasion com-
pare the United States unfavorably to the
Communist nations. Novik also, in one
article, covers the 21st Communist Party
Congress. Novik visited Israel prior to re--
turning to the United States and while in
Israel wrote articles highly critical of the
Israeli Government, deploring clericalism in
Israel and attacking the Israeli Reparation
Agreement with West Germany. After re-
turning to the United States, the subject
wrote additional articles along the same
line and gave several lectures which were
announced in the Morning Freiheit.
4. The Morning Freiheit announced David
Matis' trip to the Soviet Union and the satel-
lites and then carried a series of eight articles
along the same line as those of Novik. The
Morning Freiheit announced Abraham Dick's
trip to the Soviet Union and satellite coun-
tries. There followed a series of 37 articles
either written by him from the bloc area or
covering his lectures and writings after re-
turning to the United States. His articles
are similar to those of Novik and Matis.
While in East Germany, he visited Gerherd
Eisler which is mentioned in his article en-
titled "Jews in East Germany." While In
Hamburg, he submitted an article that stated
that anti-Semitism is now prevalent in West
Germany and criticized Ben-Gurion for deal-
ing with the Bonn Government. He sub-
mitted an article from Italy en route to Israel
in which he discussed the precarious political
situation in Italy and criticized the present
government. In Israel, he criticized the
Israeli Government for being pro-Western
and during a 1-day stopover in Belgrade en
route to Rumania, he criticized an Israeli
diplomat whom he met in Belgrade for
spreading false rumors "about anti-Semitism
in Rumania."
5. The significance of the travel and writ-
ings of these three men is that their "on-
the-spot" stories lend credence to the Com-
munist line fraud by playing up the ex-
tremely small number of cases in which
Jewish artists, scientists, and other members
of the intelligentsia were able to make some
sort of a career In the Soviet Union, in order
to create the-false-impression that there is
unlimited freedom of religious and cultural
expression for Soviet Jews.
6. Solomon Rabinovich Is a correspondent
for the Morning Freiheit in Moscow. Novik,
according ,to one of his articles, met with
Rabinovich in Russia. We do not know what
arrangement was made between Novik and
Rabinovich, however, from February 17, 1959,
to January 6, 1980, Rabinovich submitted 18
articles to the Morning Freiheit. In the
July 29, 1959, issue of Forward (Yiddish anti-
Communist daily published in New York)
there appeared- a lengthy article about a
broadcast by Radio Moscow in which a
"journalist of Jewish origin" severely at-
tacked the Forward and the New York Times
editor of the New York Times, dated Septem-
ber 2, 1959, written by a Merdecai Gutman
who is now residing in Israel. According to
this letter, Solomon Rabinovich tG writing his
articles "under government restraint and ex-
presses views that contradict his knowledge
of the facts." The writer of the letter states
that he has known Solomon Rabinovich since
1951 when they were both incarcerated in
the same Soviet labor camp in Vorkuta. The
writer further asserts that Rabinovich was
sentenced to 15 years imprisonment for al-
leged espionage on behalf of the State of
Israel.- According to this letter, S. Rabino-
vich remained in the labor camp until 1954
and was released along with many other sur-
vivors of the slave labor camps after the
death of Stalin; he then returned to his fam-
ily in Moscow. In 1957 Rabinovich began
publishing articles in the Communist press
abroad "which tried to convey the impression
that everything is fine with Soviet Jews and
that they not only enjoy equal rights but are
also given full opportunity for an independ-
ent Jewish cultural life." The writer as-
serts that "on the basis of my personal
knowledge I know that Solomon Rabinovich
writes under government restraint. The
reluctant testimony of a man shattered by
the Sovietsecret police, tortured in its slave
labor camps and fearful of persecution is
hardly admissible testimony."
Attachments:
A. An Internal U.S.S.R. broadcast made on
December 9, 1959.
B. A brief background of Paul Novik, Da-
vid Matis, and Abraham Bick.
ATTACHMENT A
U.S.S.R. REGIONAL AFFAIRS
(Dec. 10, 1959)
KIROVOGRAD JEWS SERVE UNITED
ZIONISTS
Kirovograd, Oblast Regional Service (Via
Odessa) in Ukrainian, December 9, 1959,
0520 GMT-M.
(Anonymous correspondence: ".Swindlers
Under the Mast of God's Servants.")
There are unusual goings-on at No. 56
Kirov Street in Kirovograd, where the syna-
gogue of the Jewish community is located,
and where the Orthodox Jews are drugged
with moonshine (sivukha) and the Jewish
religion. Of course, in our Soviet country
a great majority of citizens of Jewish na-
tionality broke with religion a long time ago.
But an inconsiderable portion have not yet
freed themselves from its shackles.
A small part of the Jewish population be-
longs to Kirovograd's Jewish community.
These are mostly elderly people who are still
under the harmful influence of Judaic
preachers. And so, on a Saturday or some
Jewish feast day here,.the believers go to
the synagogue. On such days preachers
make special efforts to Implant in the be-
lievers the idea that real happiness for man
is not on this earth but in another world
beyond the grave. On the feast of Paskha,
"Raven"[?], they preach that this is the
day of uniting the Orthodox Jews with God
Yahve, and that this God will lead the Jews
Into the land of Israel, which today is a
tool In the hands of the American. and
Anglo-French imperialists.
16561
Sermons and prayers proclaim the unique-
ness of the Jewish people, who are said to
be chosen by God to rule the entire world.
Here are, for instance, the words of the
Torah-the Bible or prayerbook-read by
Rabbi Ayzyk Spektor from the pulpit of
Kirovograd Synagogue: "Know ye that the
Lord God goeth in front of you like a con-
suming fire. He will destroy other peoples
in front of you, and He will destroy them
soon." And here is the prayer "Ayle Noleshe
Blakh" with which every service in the
synagogue ends:- "We must glorify the Lord
of the universe and laud the Creator of the
universe for He created us in the likeness
of earth peoples. He did not put us on the
level of tribes, did not give us their fate."
Such a reactionary sermon shows that
the Jewish faith has been strongly inter-
mixed with the Jewish bourgeois nationalism
and Zionism, already posessing a strong re-
actionary essence. This also shows that such
sermons by Rabbi Ayzyk Pektor hardly dif-
fer from the woeful theory of the unique-
ness of the Aryan race and its destiny to
rule over the peoples of the entire world.
In his address to the Kirovograd Jewish
community, on- the (Raen?) (Ben Aviv
Yakhiy Iser Iuda) Unkerman, one of the
Zionist leaders, significantly promised: "The
message of liberation will soon come to
you."
And, reading this address; and also stuffing
themselves with matzoth and (estryky?)-
special fruit-received from Israel, the
preachers of Judaism-Spektor, Kotlyarev-
skiy, (Ipiyevskiy?).-Shukhat, and Monasty-
raskiy-begin to pray only to the Golden
Calf: How to collect more money from 'be-
lievers for their own needs and to pray for
the militant spirit of the Israeli militarists.
Thus praying, they call for the killing of all
those who deny the Pentateuch-the Jewish
prayerbook. As we know, during the Soviet
rule many of the rabbis, ministers of the
Jewish faith, had an inimical attitude to-
ward the socialist system and opposed the
interests of the Soviet people for the benefit
of internal counter-revolutions and inter-
national imperialism. -
But let us return to No. 58 Kirov Street
in Kirovograd and take a look at those who
lead the Jewish community and preach
God's word. The leaders of the commu-
nity-Shukhat, Kotlyarevskiy, (Tityuev-
skiy?), Freyter and Monastyrskiy-hiding
under the cloak of believers busy themselves
with swindles; they appropriate the money
given by believers for the needs of the
synagogue.
And when this is not enough, they go to
the people to collect donations, which then
go into the bottomless pockets of the aktiv,
"the twenties" (dvadtsyatky).
Among the.numerous Jewish feasts, a spe-
cial place belongs to Saturday, which should
be inspiringly observed by every Orthodox
Jew, for according to the teaching of the
Talmud this is the day of absolute inactivity
(nerobstva). And so, on a Saturday, when
the divine service ends the faithful disperse,
there remain in the synagogue "God's serv-
ants"-preachers and leaders of "the twen-
ties." Then the table is laid, vodka, wine,
and snacks appear, and toasts to the health
of "God's servants" are raised. The drink-
ing feast is led by the rabbi's wife, Roza
Spektor.
Such a treat is very expensive for the be-
lievers; it is from their contributions that
the leaders of the Kirovograd Jewish com-
munity organize their drinking bouts. And
after drunkenness come quarrels about who
is to snatch the largest sum, the greatest re-
ward. At times, the leaders even come to
blows, claiming their right to larger portions
of the income with clenched fists. Rude
words and rowdiness can even be heard by
passers-by in the street: Neyman cries: "You
are bandits, and hooligans. You have robbed
our cashbox. It is impossible to count all
such scandals which occur in the synagogue.
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16562 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE August 26
The leadersh.p of the city's Jewish com-
munity - Kotl) arevsky, (Tityuyevskly?),
Freyter, Shukhat, and otherspare no effort
to enlist more believers and collect the most
money for the synagogue. But if those who
frequent the synagogue, and those who do
not frequent 1-. but occasionally pay some
contribution, knew what goes on behind Its
doors, how well the traders in religion live
on their accour.t, it would Indeed give them
all some food for thought.
The city synagogue has become a shelter
for all sorts of hoboes (brodyah)-preachers.
"prophets" (two words indistinct) who come
here from Odessa, Siberia, Nikolayev, Oren-
burg, and other places. They beg money
from the till of the Jewish community,
spread various (superstitions?), and carry
out the rites of circumcision. The belief
in the uniqueness of the Jewish people
radically contre.dicts the ideology of friend-
ship and equality of all peoples of our
country, unitett by fraternal friendship. It
harms the education of working people in
a spirit of unity and solidarity, in a spirit
of the proletarian Internationalism.
Jewish ministers and circumelsers execute
the rite of circumcision, which has a strik-
ingly nationalistic character. Its specific
significance lies in the fact that It gives
proof of belonging to the "chosen" peo-
ple-the Jews. At the same time it Im-
bues Jews with repugnance and hatred of
those who do not possess this special sign.
Besides the rite of circumcision is a cruel
rite and not always harmless, because It is
carried out in a crude manner by circum-
elsers and (mullahs?), people who have no
inkling of medicine.
Judaic sermcne are sermons of bourgeois
Zionists. Such sermons are tools of the na-
tionaltetic, Israeli, cosmopolitan, American
burgeoisie. With their tentacles, the Jewish
bourgeois nationalists, with the help of Ju-
daism, try to teach Into our Soviet garden.
But they will never succeed. At present the
working peoplo of Jewish nationality. to-
gether with all peoples of the Soviet mother-
land, are actively building the Communist
society. They can truly be proud of the
fact that there is a portion of their report
In the grandiose successes of the Soviet peo-
ple in developing our economy, science, and
culture, including the creation of our own
Soviet sputniks.
ATTACHMENT B
Subject: Paul Novik, David Matis, and Abra-
ham Bick.
1. Paul Novik was born September 7. 1891
In Brest, Russia. He Immigrated to the
United States In November 1920 and became
a naturalizecl citizen on January 6, 1927.
He was one of the founders of the Morning
Freiheit and his been its editor since 1939.
He Is reliably reported to have joined the
Communist Party of the United States In
1923. The Daily Worker on August 1, 1938
carried subject's name as the Communist
Party's nominee for the U.S. Congress from
the 12th Congressional District. He has
been active in a number of front organiza-
tions of the Communist Party, U.S.A., held
In New York City, December 10, 1959.
2. David Matta, also known. as Chaimas
Davidas Matisovicius, was born June 17, 1906
In Kaunas, Lithuania. He became a U.S.
citizen in 1942 and is reported to have joined
the Communist Party In 1937. He has been
a reporter and city editor for the Morning
Freiheit since about 1938. The Morning
Freiheit was described by the House Com-
mittee on Un-American Activities as one of
the rankest o'gans of Communist propa-
ganda in this country for a quarter of a
century.
3. Abraham Sick was born April 29, 1914
in Kiev, Russia. He Immigrated to the
United States In 1927 and derived citizen-
ship from his father - who was naturalized
August 22, 1933. He is reliably reported to
be a member of the Communist Party in
New Yolk City and has been active in a
number of front organizations. He at-
tended a World Peace Confdrence in War-
saw in 1960 and In Vienna in 1952. The
record o? the House Un-American Activities
Committee reflects that he is a registered
member of the Yorkville section of the Com-
munist Party in New York as of 1947 and
that WE Communist Party alias Is Allen
McGill.
Subject: James E. Jackson Jr.
1. A number of Americans who are
reliably reported to be members of the Com-
munist Party have obtained passports to at-
tend or participate In international meet-
Inge of the Communist Party or Communist
front orgar4zations. For example, CPUSA
selected three persons to go to the XX CPSU
Congress. They were: John Williamson,
Irving Potash, and Alan Max. Potash had
been deported from the United States and
was then already In Russia and Williamson
had been deported with his consent to Eng-
land. These were the only two representa-?
tives that attended the XX Communist
Party Congress, since Allen Max's request for
it passport was denied. The Soviet Union
officially announced that James Jackson, Jr.,
and Mo:cea Shield (Morris Childs) attend
the XXI Congress. We have reliable infor-
mation t hat George Morris also attended the
Congress as a correspondent for "The Work-
er" and that Charles Leman, Alexander
Trachtenberg, Paul Robeson, and Dr. W. E.
B. DuBois and Mrs. DuBois (Shirley Graham)
were in Moscow at the time and may have
attended.
2. Jackson was born 29 November 1914 at
Richmond. Va., and was graduated from
both VI'ginla Union and Howard Univer-
sities. He has been active among longshore-
men In Louisiana and Texas, textile workers
In the Carolinas, shipbuilders of Mobile,
steelwor:cers and miners of Birmingham and
Besseme:? and the auto workers of Detroit.
The Dal: y Worker of 2 December 1954 refers
to Jackson as a leader of the Communist
workers at auto plants.
3. Jackson has served as Chairman of the
Communist Party of Louisiana in 1946 and
as Educational Director of the Communist
Party in Detroit. He has been it member of
the National Committee of the CPUSA since
1951.
4. In February 1959 Jackson addressed the
21st Congress of the Communist Party of
the U.S S.R. After the Polish Party Con-
gress in Moscow, Jackson attended the
Polish Party Congress in Warsaw which was
held In ate March 1959.
Mr. KEATING. Mr. President, I
yield tha floor.
1
AUGUST 17, 1960.
The Honorable CHRISTIAN A. HEATER,
Secretary of State,
Waskin5 ton, D.C.
MY D);AR MR. SECRETARY: On July 7, 1958,
President Eisenhower, in a message to the
Congress:, requested the enactment of legis-
lation alth regard t o the Issuance of pass-
ports. I n his message the President stated:
"I wish to emphasize the urgency of the
legislation I have recommended. Each day
and week that passes without it exposes us
to great danger. I hope the Congress will
move promptly toward Its enactment." On
the same day the Secretary of State trans-
mitted it draft bill to Implement the sug-
gestions made by the President.
Despite the urgency of the appeals of the
President and the Secretary of State, the
Congress has not yet enacted any passport
legislation. However, the House of Repre-
sentativae has passed a bill, H.R. 9069, to
provide standards for the Issuance of pass-
ports, and the Senate Committee on the
Judiciary has favorably reported a bill, S.
2652, which contains passport provisions.
I we aid greatly appreciate your reviewing
these :ncasures and advising me of your
general impression of them. I am particu-
larly a ixtous to have your views as to the
importance of enacting passport control leg-
islatior prior to the adjournment of this
Congre ls.
With kind personal resgards,
Very sincerely yours,
KENNETH B. KEATING.
AUGUST 25, 1960.
The Honorable KENNETH B. KEATING,
U.S. Senate.
DEAR KEN: I have your letter to Secretary
Herter of August 17, 1960, requesting his
general Impressions of the passport legisla-
tion w:alch passed the House on September
8, 1956 (H.R. 9069) and the measure re-
ported by the Senate Committee on the
Judiciary on June 80, 1960 (S. 2652) to-
gether with his estimate of the importance
of enacting passport control legislation prior
to the :adjournment of this Congress.
At tl.e outset, I want to emphasize that I
attach the utmost Importance to the enact-
ment o adequate passport control legislation
during the present Congress. I can assure
you that Secretary Herter is in full accord
with my position on this matter.
It his never been the Department's view,
however, that there is but one possible so-
lution to the deficiency in our passport au-
thority or, for that matter, that all passport
problerse must be solved in one piece of leg-
islatior. As a result of the sentiment ex-
pressed by the Foreign Relations and Foreign
Affairs Committees during hearings in the
85th Congress on this subject, the Depart-
ment concluded that the Congress did not
favor an urgent approach to full-scale revi-
sion a:Id codification of all passport laws.
Accord ngly, in the 86th Congress the De-
partmcnt decided to support legislation lim-
ited to the most critical problem-authoriz-
Ing the dental of passports to persons know-
ingly vngaged In activities in furtherance
of the International Communist movement.
Simply stated, there is needed legislative
author ty which will permit the Secretary
of State under appropriate safeguards to
deny p Issports to citizens knowingly engaged
in activities 'for the purpose of furthering
the Ir ternational Communist movement.
Such s uthority represents, in my opinion,
the minimum which Is essential to coun-
teract the danger to which we are exposed
daily by the present state of the law. I am
serlous.y concerned about the jeopardy, to
our national security and the prejudice to
our foreign relations involved In the un-
restrici ed travel abroad of active participants
In the 7ommuntst conspiracy.
The administration has consistently urged
the Co egress to take action to fill this statu-
tory g?p in our defenses.
Departmental representatives have testi-
fied to this effect before at least five different
comma tees of the Congress and on numerous
occasions. In addition to the President's
messagB to the Congress on July 7, 1958, and
his 196) budget message to the Congress on
January 19, 1959, concerning the necessity for
passpos t legislation, the President's view that
legislation in the passport field is both essen-
tial and urgent was conveyed to the Sen-
ate Fox eign Relations Committee on June 26,
1959. I still consider that the lack of leg-
islative authority to deny passports to the
really dangerous participants in the Com-
munist conspiracy is a most critical prob-
lem an I constitutes a clear and present dan-
ger to the United States.
You asked the Secretary for his impres-
sion of H.R. 9069. This bill was passed by
the House as reported by the Foreign Affairs
Committee, despite the fact that the De.
partmcat unsuccessfully sought certain
amend vents to It. It is presently pend-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD _ SENATE 16563
ing before the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee.
The reason we sought amendments to it,
and the only part of the bill about which we
have serious reservations, are those provi-
sions which we believe are likely to be in-
terpreted as making impossible any effective
reliance by the Secretary of State on con-
fidential information in Communist pass-
port cases. The simple fact is that in cases
involving currently active and dangerous
members of the Communist conspiracy in
the United States much of the more im-
portant and reliable information. which we
have comes from confidential sources-
usually our own agents who have infiltrated
the Communist apparatus. It is my judg-
ment, shared by the responsible officers in
other agencies of Government who are con-
cerned with this aspect of internal security
and with protecting the United States
against the Communist conspiracy, that any
law purporting to restrict the passport eligi-
bility of currently active American Commu-
nists, but which does not permit some utili-
zation of confidential information, would not
achieve its purpose with regard to many of
the most dangerous cases. There is an added
danger if such legislation were to createthe
Illusion that effective measures were being
taken when in fact they would not be because
of our inability to use one of our principal
weapons against the Communist conspiracy.
Of the bills presently pending before the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, includ-
ing the House-passed bill, the Department
has strongly endorsed S. 2315, the Wiley bill,
and the Attorney General has joined in this
endorsement of the bill to meet the Com-
munist problem in the passport area. Inci-
dentally, the American Bar Association has
also endorsed S. 2315 as being the bill pend-
ing in Congress which most nearly conforms
to its resolution on passport legislation.
You also asked the Secretary for his im-
pression of S. 2652. The passport provisions
of S. 2852, Dodd-Keating bill, are in several
respects preferable to the House-passed bill.
The criteria for passport denial, as well as
a number of other provisions, are essentially
the same in both bills. However, S. 2652 pro-
vides specifically for the utilization of infor-
mation the disclosure of which would preju-
dice the national security and public inter-
,at, or would compromise investigative
~~; urces and methods, together with the pro-
..Rion that such information shall not con-
stitute a basis for passport denial unless the
applicant is furnished a full summary
thereof in as much detail as security con-
siderations will permit. I believe such a
provision recognizes important interests of
the U.S. Government without undue preju-
dice to the interests of the individual.
On the other hand, if the House-passed
bill, H.R. 9069, should be amended to allow
some reliance by the Secretary of State on
confidential information under appropriate
safeguards to protect the rights of the indi-
vidual, it would, I believe, fully meet the
needs of our national security for legisla-
tion authorizing the denial of U.S. passports
to dangerous members of the Communist
conspiracy.
If there is any further information I can
provide you, I shall be glad to do so.
With best wishes,
Sincerely,
DOUGLAS DILLON,
Acting Secretary.
NOMINATIONS IN THE EXECUTIVE
DEPARTMENT
Mr. WILEY. Mr.. President, the
Lawyers' Weekly Report, which I re-
ceived at my desk today, calls attention
to a' matter which has been mentioned
many times on the floor of the Senate. I
read from that publication:
Hanging fire for more than a year is the
omnibus judgeship bill (H.R. 6159). It calls
for 5 new Federal circuit judges and 40 Fed-
eral district judges. Even the President's
pledge to divide appointments equally be-
tween Republicans and Democrats has failed
to crack the wall of partisanship blocking the
bill's enactment.
Meanwhile, a frightening backlog of more
than 67,000 untried Federal cases continues
to pile up at great cost to litigants-individ-
uals and companies alike. In the New York
metropolitan area, for example, it now takes
almost 3 years to bring a case to trial in the
Federal district. courts. The cost of delays
to the Government are heavy, too. It loses
millions of dollars in interest at 6 percent
because of the stagnation in tax-refund cases,
land-condemnation cases, and other suits in-
volving large sums of money.
So great are these losses, according to
Attorney General William P. Rogers, that
they "now exceed what it would take to pay
the total annual salaries of the 45 judges."
It seems to me this is something that
we should have disposed of long ago.
In the same article, attention is called
to the following:
Similarly, the work of the Post Office De-
partment has bogged down in many areas.
The appointment of nearly 1,000 postmasters
(nearly all are postal service careerists) has
been stymied-in some cases as much as a
year. "In many key areas," says Postmaster
General Arthur Summerfield, "morale in the
postal service has been driven to a new low
by the failure to confirm these appointments.
Users of the mails are also being penalized
by inescapable and mounting Inefficiency."
DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR AND
HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WEL-
FARE, AND RELATED AGENCIES
APPROPRIATION BILL, 1961-CON-
FERENCE REPORT
Mr. DODD obtained the floor.
Mr. HILL. Mr. President, will the
Senator from Connecticut yield for the
purpose of my calling up a conference
report, with the understanding that he
will not lose the floor?
Mr. DODD. Yes, I yield, with the un-
derstanding that I do not lose the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. HILL, Mr. President, I submit a
report of the committee of conference
on the disagreeing votes of the two
Houses an the amendments of the Sen-
ate to the bill (H.R. 11390) making ap-
propriations for the Departments of La-
bor and Health, Education, and Welfare,
and related agencies, for the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1961, and for Other pur-
poses. I ask unanimous consent for the
present consideration of the report.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JoR-
DAN in the chair). The report will be
read for the information of the Senate.
The legislative clerk read the report.
(For conference report, see House pro-
ceedings of August 24, 1960, pp. 16325-
16326, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.)
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration of
the report?
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, reserving
the right to object, and I shall not object
to the consideration of the conference
report, I hope the Senator will give us a
little idea as to what happened to the
medical research funds.
I withdraw my objection to the con-
sideration of the report, but I hope we
will not adopt those matters.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration
of the report?
There being no objection, the Senate
proceeded to consider the report.
Mr. HILL. Mr. President, the con-
ference agreement on the bill, H.R.
11390, making appropriations for the
Departments of Labor, and Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare, and related agen-
cies, for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1961, and for other purposes, provides
total appropriations of $4,354,170,331.
The total allowance is $333,948,350
over the budget estimates, an increase of
$288,887,850 over the 1960 appropria-
tions; an increase of $170,147,600 over
the House allowances; and a reduction
of $131,618,600 under the. Senate allow-
ances.
The Senate amendments applicable to
the Department of Labor have all been
agreed to. .
The largest difference between the
House and Senate bills was in the appro-
priations for the National Institutes of
Health-the House allowed $455 million
and the Senate $664 million. The con-
ference agreement provides for $560 mil-
lion, an increase of $160 million over the
1960 appropriations and over the 1961
budget estimates, an increase of $105
million over the House allowances, and
a reduction of $104 million under the
Senate allowances.
Is there any question the Senator from
New York has about any phase of the
report?
Mr. JAVITS. I should like to discuss
It with the Senator for a minute. The
argument was made on both sides. For
those like the Senator from Alabama
and myself, who favor an increase in re-
search funds for health, it was said that
the survey made by the Committee of
Consultant indicated this was not
"crowding money down the throats" of
the National Institutes of Health, but
that the money could be very usefully
employed and, as a matter of fact, even
what we in the Senate were doing was
inadequate. The argument made on the
other side, by the opponents, was that
one does not get brilliant research by the
"forced feeding" of dollars, that the
number of people who can be hired and
the projects in which one can engage
are limited-one can hire so many peo-
ple and spend so much money, and be-
yond that it becomes profitless.
I gather that a little bit of considera-
tion-albeit not with our consent-has
been given to that point of view, and
that even less funds than the Senate
was satisfied ought to be allowed have
been allowed. Under those circum-
stances, is the Senator from Alabama
nonetheless satisfied we will be making
an appreciable step forward in respect
to the resources available for medical
research, so that in substance, if not in
every detail as to amount, the views of
the consultant team of doctors will have
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE August 26
been more met than denied by the com-
ing year's appropriation?
Mr. HILL. The Senator from Ala-
bama is not satisfied. The Senator
from Alabama wholeheartedly supported
the full amount of funds recommended
by the ccmmittee of consultants.
The senator from Alabama thinks the
bill does carry sufficient funds for defi-
nite and promising steps forward in line
with the recommendations of the com-
mittee of consultants, which committee
was set up by the Senate Committee on
Appropriations to make this study and
to advise the Committee on Appropria-
tions on the matter of medical research.
Mr. JAVITS. Does the Senator from
Alabama also feel that we have devel-
oped, either in the Appropriations Com-
mittee or in our own committee, enough
techniques for checking on results,
though they are not necessarily tangible
results? We hope and pray for a can-
cer cure, but. we have no Illusions as to
whether or not this appropriation Is
going to produce it. Is the Senator sat-
isfied that we have enough people and
enough techniques for checking on the
utilization of these funds and on the
progress which is being made In respect
to all of theme matters so that when we
are In session again next year we will
have a body of experts which will help
In respect to a new appropriation?
Mr. HILL. I think we have very
definite means of checking on the ex-
penditures of these funds. One of the
duties imposed on the committee of con-
sultants was to make a determination as
to whether the funds which we had ex-
pended in the past had been wisely ex-
pended. The report of the committee
was that the funds had been expended,
to use the words of the committee of con-
sultants, "with remarkable efficiency."
Mr. JAVITS. There is nothing to pre-
vent us frora again having the benefit
of a committee of consultants the next
time we deal with this matter, is there?
Mr. HILL. This is the first time we
have had a committee of consultants set
up as was this committee of consultants.
Of course, in the past we have had be-
fore our Appropriations Subcommittee,
which handl:s the funds for medical re-
search, many distinguished doctors,
scientists, and experienced people who
have knowledge of and who speak with
authority or.. the subject of medical re-
search. I ari sure in the future we shall
continue to call upon the experience, the
knowledge and the wisdom of the doc-
tors, the scientists, the technicians, and
all the wise and experienced people who
know the field of medical research.
Mr. JAV1 2S. I understand one can-
not arrive at conclusions about these
things on the floor, but would the Sena-
tor give consideration to the possibility
of again ha% ing some such distinguished
group, to whose wise judgment the
Senate as a whole as well as the com-
mittees might repair when we consider
the question again next year?
Mr. HILL. I know the Senator from
New York is a very busy man, with many
duties imposed upon him. If the Senator
can find the time to read the report of
the committee of consultants, as made to
our committee this year, and as presented
to the committee in person by the com-
mittee of consultants on May 19 and
May 2+1 of this year, I think he will find
that the report of the committee of con-
sultants is invaluable to us not only this
year but also for next year and In the
future years. I think the report of the
consuls;ants has been well described as a
historic textbook on medical research.
Mr. JAVITS. We can project the
work forward?
Mr. HILL. We can project it and
carry forward the recommendations as
embodied In the report of the committee
of consultants.
Mr. DAVITS. I thank my colleague. I
think it very constructive result has been
attained, for which many millions of peo-
ple will be grateful to the Senator In
this retard.
Mr. HILL. I thank the Senator from
New York for his very kind words.
Mr. President, in bringing the confer-
ence report on appropriations for the
Departments of Labor and Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare for fiscal 1961 to the
floor of the Senate, I would be derelict in
my responsibilities and in my deep sense
of app::eciation if I did not recognize the
very important and influential part the
report of the Committee of Consultants
on Medical Research to the Senate Ap-
propriations Committee played in guid-
ing ou:? final decisions on this vital legis-
lation affecting the health and welfare
of every American family.
The Committee of Consultants was set
up thi ough a resolution passed unani-
mously by the Senate Committee on Ap-
priations on June 23, 1959, which directed
the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee
on Labor, Health, Education, and Wel-
fare ":;o organize a group of specialists
and others to determine whether the
funds provided by the Government are
sufficient and efficiently spent in the best
intere: is of the research for which they
are designated."
The members of the Committee of
Consultants were carefully selected, and
I am confident that I bespeak the heart-
felt sentiments of my colleagues on the
Senate Appropriations Committee who
have had an opportunity to know the
members and their work when I acclaim
the Ce mmittee of Consultants on Medi-
cal Research as one of the most distin-
guished ever to accept an assignment
from the U.S. Senate.
The chairman of the committee was
Boisfe ullet Jones, vice president and
administrator of health services at
Emory University in Atlanta. Ga. A for-
mer professor of political science at
Emory, Jones became assistant to the
president of Emory in 1946. Over the
past 11 years he has risen to a preemi-
nent position as a valued adviser and dis-
tinguished administrator in the planning
of he#lth services. Among other posi-
tions lie has held, he has been a con-
sultant to the Commission on Human
Medic ne of the Southern Regional Edu-
cation Board, a member of the National
Advisory Health Council of the U.S. Pub-
lic He:.lth Service, and Chairman of the
Committee on Environmental Health of
the U.S. Public Health Service.
The medical and scientific members of
the committee included:
Dr. Alfred Blalock, chairman of the
department of surgery at Johns Hopkins
Univ(rsity Medical School in Baltimore
and surgeon-in-chief of the Johns Hop-
kins :Iospital. Dr. Blalock received the
distir guished service award of the Amer-
lean Medical Asssociation-the highest
honor bestowed by that association, for
contributions to progress in medicine-
in 19.i3 for the famed blue baby surgery
which repairs congenital heart defects
and has saved the lives of thousands of
babie3. Dr. Blalock's surgical contribu-
tions have earned him a number of na-
tiona. and international awards, includ-
ing the Gordon Wilson medal, the Pas-
sant. award, the Rene Leriche Award, the
Mata i Award, the International Feltri-
nelli Prize for medicine, and the Lasker
Awarl of the American Public Health
Association. A Chevalier of the Legion
of Hcnor of France and a member of the
Roya College of Surgeons of England
and ];dinburgh, he is also a past presi-
dent A the American Society of Surgical
Associations, the American Association
for Thoracic Surgery, the Society for
Clinical Surgery, and the Society for
Vascular Surgery.
Dr. Michael E. DeBakey, chairman of
the Department of Surgery at Baylor
Univ(rsity in Houston, Tex. Dr. De-
Bake:i received the Distinguished Serv-
ice A yard of the American Medical As-
socia ion for a massive 6-year research
project demonstrating that many forms
of strokes, previously considered in-
operable, could be treated surgically and
corrected. Dr. DeBakey has also re-
ceived a number of the highest national
and international awards, including the
Hekb)engold Medal of the American
Medi cal Association; the Legion of Mer-
it; the Distinguished Service Award of
the International Society for Surgery;
the Rudolph Matas Award; and the Ros-
wellPark Medal. Dr. DeBakey has been
a me:nber of the Medical Advisory Com-
mittee to the Secretary of Defense; - .
mem 3er of the Committee on Mec'L O '
Services of the Hoover Commis
Chairman of the Committee on Surg
of thi! National Research Council; Chair-
man of the Board of Regents of the Na-
tional Library of Medicine, and is cur-
rentl:i a member of the National Ad-
visor., Council to the National Heart In-
stitule. He is a past president of the
Southwestern Surgical Congress, the So-
ciety for Vascular Surgery, the American
Asso(aation for Vascular Surgery, and
the I iternational Vascular Society.
Dr Sidney Farber, for 33 years a mem-
ber cf the faculty of the Harvard Medi-
cal 3chool and now its professor of
pathology. Dr. Farber is one of the
world's greatest authorities In the field
of cancer and has been honored on many
occa: ions for his research contributions
to tie control of leukemia in children.
Founder and scientific director of the
Chilcren's Cancer Research Foundation,
he is also a consultant to the Armed
Forces Institute of Pathology and the
Natitmal Cancer Institute. He is a for-
mer president of the Society for Pediatric
Rese srch and of the New England Path-
ologiml Society, and is a diplomats of
the .merican Board of Pathology.
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