(UNTITLED)DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN

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• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
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• Publication Date: April 1, 1952
• Content Type: BULL

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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
..tmc
OCI 4885
1 April 1952
Scattered patrol clashes and several enemy probes up to platoon size were
reported across the Eighth Army:front. Occasional enemy mortar and artillery fire,
including 26 shells with propaganda leaflets, was encountered.
Navy
Naval air units flew 269 sorties, principally against east coast transporta-
tion targets. Shore bombardment continued on both coasts.
Air
The Far East Air Force flew 313 sorties, including 26 missions by medium bomb-
ers against the Chinnampo and Hamhinig marshalling yards and traffic choke points
west and northeast of Sinanju. In three engagements with a total of 40 MIGIs? 88
F-861s destroyed six MIGis and damaged two. One F-86 sustained minor damage.
II, Military Intelligence
Air
US naval aircraft pilots observed on 27 March that an airfield at Chongjin
In northeastern Korea was being resurfaced with a black material. There was evi-
dence of much vehicular traffic in the vicinity of the airfield and supplies for
a hangar framework were seen in the Chongjin railyard. (Chongjin airfield, much
farther from the front lines than Antung, offers little advantage for Communist
air operations against UN ground installations. It is, however, strategically
situated for operations against UN naval forces operating off northeastern Korea.
This airfield has been almost continuously operational, but little activity has
ever been noted there. Unconfirmed intelligence reports have indicated that a
North Korean airforce unit with some unidentified operational aircraft is sta-
tioned here.)
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III, General Situation
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Cease-fire
South Korean Foreign Minister Pyun, commenting on the cease-fire talks, stated
that if the Russians were allowed as a neutral inspection team, it would be tanta-
mount to moral defeat. . .and succumbing to the USSR." On the question of prisoners
of war, Py-un held that no prisoners should be forcibly repatriated. He added that
the Chinese Nationalist Government had requested the ROK to retain custody of those
Chinese prisoners who do not wish to return to Red China until such time as they can
be transferred to Formosa.
Propaganda
Radio Pyongyang on 31 March gave an interim report on the alleged US biological
warfare effort in Korea. The broadcast charged that from 20 January through 25
March, the US had dropped germ-laden insects on more than 400 occasions
The broadcast concluded with a summary of the detailed preventive measures
taken in Pyongyang.
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OCI 4886
2 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN ,BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
ALM
The enemy launched a two-battalion attack against US First Marine Division
positions in the US I Corps zone 25 miles north of Seoul, forcing a withdrawal, A
counterattack restored the Marine positions. The Communists also launched a
battalion size attack against the ROK Sixth Division in the US IX Corps zone and
light probes occurred elsewhere across the front.
Nay
Naval air and surface units continued interdiction of enemy supply lines on
both coasts.
Air
Aircraft of the Far East Air Force destroyed 10 MIG-15's, probably destroyed
three, and damaged 10 in four engagements between Sinuiju and Sinanju. One F-86
was lost and a second received minor damage. A total of 382 MIG-15's and three Type
15's were sighted, of which 87 were engaged. The Far East Air Force flew a total of
1200 sorties, including 14 medium bomber sorties against railroad targets west of
Sinanju.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Psychological Warfare
A representative of the Far East Command's psychological warfare office has
informed the US Ambassador in Formosa that the majority of Chinese prisoners of
war in Korea would, if permitted, choose to be repatriated to Formosa. The FECOM
officer also stated that further surrender of Chinese Communist troops is being
inhibited by the absence of any assurance that they will be sent to a safe place
and not returned to Communist China.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 4887
3 April 1952
Enemy company and squad size probes and light patrol contacts were encounterrxi
across the Eighth Army front. Friendly forces maintained positions and patrolled.
The US First Marine Division in the US I Corps zone received 3,100 rounds of mortar
and artillery fire in its sector.
Navy
Naval air and surface interdiction of enemy communications lines continued on
both coasts.
Air
FEAF aircraft destroyed five MIG-15ts and one Type-15 and damaged four MIGts
and one Type-15. One F-86 was lost and three were damaged in the encounters over
northwest Korea. FEAF flew a total of 1,263 sorties, of which 868 were combat.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
FEAF reports that recent photo interpretations show a significant decrease in
the number of enemy antiaircraft weapons along the principal supply routes in North
Korea. During the period from 5 to 25 March, 27 guns and 185 automatic weapons have
been removed. At present there are no indications of the redisposition of these
weapons at any other points in North Korea. (Since the nrincipal function of
Communist antiaircraft weapons in Korea has been the protection of lines of communi-
cations, a redisposition at this time seems Strange. As of mid-February the enemy
was estimated to have almost 400 antiaircraft artillery guns and 1,500 automatic
weapons disposed in North Korea.)
III, General Situation
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
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CCI 4888
4 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Light patrol contacts and one enemy squad-size probe were reported across..
the US Eighth Army front.
Navy
Naval air and surface units continued interdiction of enemy communica-
tions on both coasts.
Air
In three engagements over northwest Korea, FEAF planes destroyed two
MIG-151s, probably destroyed a Type 15, and damaged four fliGis and one Type 15;
two F-861s received major damage. FEAF flew a total of 1,r78 sorties, including
seven medium bomber missions against Sinanju rail targets,
Military Intelligence
-
There have been no significant developments during the past 24 hours,
III. General Situation
There have been no significant developments during the past 24 hours.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 4889
5 April 1952
ArmY
In the US 25th Division sector of the US X Corps zone an enemy squad engaged
a UN patrol in a seven-hour fight, causing friendly elements to withdraw under
cover of smoke and mortar fire.
Navy
Naval air and surface units continued interdiction of enemy communications on
both coasts.
Air
FEAF flew 627 sorties, 237 of them combat missions. Included among the
latter were 80 close support and 14 medium bomber sorties.
II. Military Intelligence
Guerrillas
Far East Command) in a summary of its operations against Communists guer-
rillas in South Korea from 1 December 1951 to 14 March 1952, reports that
11)276 individuals were killed and 10,256 were captured. Of those captured)
4,393 have been processed and rele-sed, while 5,172 are awaiting processing.
The others are awaiting trial, have been sentenced, or have died. Fifty hey
leaders were killed or captured during operations, which have reduced the
number of dissidents and bandits to 3,300 guerrillas operating in groups of
20 to 50 persons with little capability for serioas operations. hbouthalf
of these guerrillas are unarmed.
III. General Situation
Economic
ROK Finance Minister Paek stated in a recent speech tiat the financial
situation in South Korea is "gradually improving." He cited many figures
to support his statement and spoke vaguely of various measures taken by the
government to check the inflationary "tendency."
5
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(Paells speech was probably given merely to bolster the morale of the South
Koreans as the inflationary spiral has shown no signs of leveling off. In fact,
the US Ambassador in PlIsan reported in late March that the retail price of rice
had risen so precipitously that it "could touch off a total collapse...of the
won.")
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CCI 4890
7 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arm
The First Commonwealth Division in the US I Corps zone received 3,156 rounds
of artillery and mortar fire and repelled two company-size enemy attacks. Two
platoon-size probes and normal patrol contact were reported elsewhere along the
Eighth Army front.
Navy
Naval air and surface units continued interdiction of enemy communications
on both coasts.
Air
Of 43 MIG-15's encountered, FEAF aircraft destroyed four, probably destroyed
one and damaged six. No friendly casualties were reported. FEAF flew a total of
1,024 sorties, of which 661 were combat.
II. Military Intelligence
Logistics
FEAF reports that the coming of the spring thaws to North Korea will be an
added burden to the already battered enemy lines of communications. In one area ob-
served, bomb craters were filled with water and parts of the railroad bed were under
water. Coupled with this, the spring floods9 may further damage the flimsy bridges
over rivers in the northwest. Communist awareness of this threat is seen in sightings
of car loads of crushed rocks for fill and the building of piers to protect bridges.
III. General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio reports that President Rhee
by stating he had been shocked to learn of President
would not seek or accept the nomination. Rhee added
of democracy is its changing of leaders in the midst
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opened a 31 March conversation
Trumants announcement that he
that one of the real weaknesses
of a crisis. (2
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Muccio interprets Rho& s "shock" as resulting, probably, from the realization
that President Truman's announcement might be cited by Rhee's opponents as a worthy
example for him to follow.
Propaganda
Radio Peiping on 6 March transmitted some of the "findings" of the Commission
of the International Association of Democratic Jurists which recently investigated
American biological warfare in Korea. The Jurists stated that "different types of
insects were reported found in 169 areas of North Korea." Findings were also made
with respect to the use of "gases or chemical weapons by American planes."
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
OCI 4891
8 April 1952
Action was limited to platoon-size enemy probes at various points along the
front; these were repulsed.
Navy
Naval air and surface craft continued the interdiction of enemy supply lines
on both coasts.
Air
Poor weather limited air activity as UN land-based aircraft flew 294 sorties
including only 89 combat. Four medium bomber missions were flown, three of them
against close support targets.
No enemy aircraft were sighted.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
Recent combat intelligence reports received in FECOM indicate that the Chinese
Communist 40th Army, deployed in western Hvanghae Province with a coastal security
mission, is moving into an assembly area in the Sariwon region. Although there is
insufficient information to accept such a movement, FECOM speculates that the 40th
Army may be preparing for a more active role. (Unconfirmed reports that the 40th
Army was being replaced in Hvanghae Province have been current for some time. Both
the 50th Army, accepted in Korea, and elements of the 16th Army, not fully accepted
in Korea, have been mentioned as the relieving force.)
Air
During the last two weeks of March, the US Fifth Air Force, operating over
Korea, observed the following new developments in the air war: the Communist MIG-35
formations have been encountered at lower altitudes -- between 20,000 and 40,000
feet; the Type 15 jet has appeared again in numbers with some modification of its
armament and a greater degree of aggressiveness; the enemy appears to be experiment-
ing with the armament on the MIG-15; and linally, MIG-15 Is ere attacking UN fighter
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bombers more aggressively.
FEAF observes, in regard to the latter, that UN fighter bomber operations have
not been placed in any immediate danger by the increased aggressiveness of the MIG's.
III, General Situation
Political
South Korean Prime Minister Chang, after reporting briefly to the National
Assembly on the outcome of the ROK mission to the UN General Assembly in Paris, has
been "lying very low" since his return on 1 April, according to the US Embassy in
Pusan. Chang, who claims he is not strong enough to carry out his duties because
of his recent illness, has a statement from a US Army doctor prescribing further
rest and he may go aboard the US hospital ship Consolation. The only conversation
thus far between President Rhee and the Prime Minister was inconclusive; thus rumors
of Rheels intentions and candidates for the job are still the favorite topics of
conversation in Pusan.
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CCI 492
9 Area 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
1, Military Operations
Army
Tho7'e were two small probes in the US X Corps zone; action along the rest of
the front was limited to patrolling.
Navy
Because of bad weather conditions UN carrier aircraft flew no missions. Sur-
face craft on both coasts continued interdiction of enemy supply lines.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 757 sorties including 387 conbat. Eleven nedinm
bomber missions were flown against targets which included Sunchon north railroad
bridge
Six laG-151s were observed and encountered with no claims reported.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
South Korean Minister of National Defense Shin has announced that the emergency
martial law proclaimed on 1 December 1?51 and precautionary martial law procLimed
on 4 1951 ,iiJ1 be lifted in most of South Korea on 7 April 1252. Shin cited
successful anti-guerrilla operations, the advent of the farm:Ing season, and impending
local elections as the main reasons for the decree. The local elections to be held
on 25 April are for city, town and tolinship assemblies in all localities except a
few anrehabilitated areas where martial law still exists.
area
Economic
US Nawl intelligence learned from sources ashore that farmers in the Haeju
of western ilorea are being treated well by enemy forces in the interest of food
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production. In eastern Korea, however, interrogation of an onew prisoner reveals
that rice, not grown in Korea, and sheep, raised and slaughtered in China, are
being shipped into Korea via the east coast rail line. The principal outshipments
consist of enemy fuel drums.
Medical
US Naval intelligence reports typhoid cases in one family out of every five
in a small North Korean east coast village. The death rate is estimated at 30
percent of those ill.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 4891
10 April 1952
Action across the front was limited to patrol contacts; there was .one four-
hour clash two miles east of Punji in the US I Corps zone involving elements of the
US 1st Marine Division.
Navy
11.Val air and surface craft continued interdiction of enemy supply installa-
tions.
Air
FEAF aircraft flew 856 sorties, including 13 medilm bomber attacks on targets
including the Slnehon south railroad bridge and the Chinnampo marshalling yards.
II. iautury Intelligence
Antiaircraft
Pilots of US Marine Corps aircraft observed a Communist idnch-ec,uinped track
traveling southward from Wonsan shortly after midnight on 6 April. Tae truck was
'-oviug two balloons, each from 10 to 15 foot in diameter, secured hr (,n-foot
Small objects, the sizc, of basketballs, were dangling from thc. 11111--)nc (While this
observation is too incomplece to allow accurate evaluation, the description si-?goste
an antiaircraft weapon for use against low flying UN aircraft. It is possible that
the smiler objects suspeoded Cron the btaionnr ire explosive charges.)
III. .General Situation
Medical
An unevaluated 7a Navy report, gleaned from a recent prisoner of war interro-
gation, states that smallpox and typhoid "are common" in the urea south of Tanchea,
Nrth Korea.
Peiping Radio, meanwhile, stated on 3 April 1952 that "there is no epidemic
in Korea" arid the real Purpose of the World Health Organizatr's offer of
arsistance in North Korea is "to check on the results of gene' warfare for the
United States."
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
on 4894
11 April 1952
Army
Two small enemy probes and light patrol activity characterized action along
the front.
In the US I and IX, Corps zones, there were three instances of attempted
line-crossing from north to south'by Korean civilians. '
Navy.
No reports were received from Task Force 77 on the east coast, but west
coast carrier planes and surface craft on both coasts continued to interdict
enemy supply lines.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 699 sorties including 340 combat. Five medium
bomber missions were flown, three against close support targets.
One unidentified aircraft was engaged.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
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OCI 4895
12 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Armz
Light enemy probes in squad and platoon strength were encountered across the
Eighth Ar.my front. The Communists continued harassing fire with mortar and artillery.
Na_a
Naval air and surface units continued interdiction of enemy supply lines on
both coasts.
Air
The Far East Air Force flew 781 sorties, of which 463 were combat. No air-
borne enemy planes were reported sighted or engaged. The bomber command flew
16 sorties in a shoran bpmbardment of a supply complex in north central Korea.
II. Military Intelligence
?
Ground
inese Communist and North Korean troops are now being issued their
25X1C summer uniforms, since such issue is usually made in
mid-May, this acceleratede coupledwith the supply and troop buildup,
may foreshadow an offensive before I May.
(While this early issue of summer uniforms may well be related to recently
detected signs of preparations for more intensive Communist military operations,
it may also be routine. Recent reports have indicated relatively mild tempera-
tures along the battle line.)
Antiaircraft Defense
The Far East Air Force reports that the enemy is continuing a significant
redisposition of his antiaircraft defense weapons. The heavily defended main
-T%-,
supnly route from the Chongchon River south to Pyongyang (44 guns and 101 auto-
DC-
matic weapons) lost nearly 50 percent of its protection during the last week in
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March and the first week of April. Similarly, Saamcham airfield in north-
western Korea, once heavily defended, no longer has any significant antiair-
craft defenses.
Much of this strength has been redeployed northward to protect the main
rail lines leading from the Manchurian border into the Sinanju area. The Air
Force comments that the most heavily defended areas now are those which recently
were the targets of intensive UN fighter bomber attacks. (New antiaircraft
artillery positions now being constructed in the Wonsan-Hamhung area in eastern
Korea may be destined to receive some of this redeployed strength).
III. General Situation
Political
Radio Pusan on 11 April announced the dismissal of Acting Premier Ho Chong
from the ROK cabinet. (Ho has been without official position since Premier
Chang Myon returned from Paris. It is probable 'hat Hoes sympathies for the op-
position political party were behind his dismissal from the government.)
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OCI 4896
14 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
LEM
Two enemy attacks in company strength were repulsed in the US I Corps and
ROK II Corps zones. Minor patrol clashes and scattered enemy artillery fire were
reported elsewhere along the Eighth Army front.
Navy
Air and surface units struck at enemy communications on both coasts.
Air
FEAF planes flew a total of 1,164 sorties and in counter-air missions des-
troyed six MIG-151s, iprdbably destroyed one, and damaged four. No report has yet
been received on US casualties. The bomber command flew eight shoran missions
against a rail bridge in north central Korea.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
US naval forces off Wonsan in eastern Korea reported that on 10 April the
.enemy burned brush in the area, apparently to cover daytime train movements.
Also on 10 April, 27 Korean line crossers were
the west and west central sectors. One group claimed
_forced to move by Chinese Communist troops. Only one
armed,
in the
it was
lizing
apprehended by UN troops in
to be civilians who had been
of the line crossers
(Efforts to maintain cic,ytivie train movementsindicate an increased urgency
enemy's logistical effort. Prior to previous Communist offensives in Korea,
observed that the enemy always made a considerable intelligence effort, uti-
a large number of low level Koren agents to reconnoiter UN installations.)
Air
A recently captured Chinese soldier reports that on 13 March he observed
a Communist radio equipped air-ground liaison team in central Korea near the
battle front. He states that the position was in daily contact with other unknown
stations.
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The US IX Corps compents that previously reported enemy air-,ground liaison
teams have been equipped only with oanels and flares. The Far East Air Force
comments that while this installation may be intended for Co-ImIlnist air-ground
support operations, it is doubtful whether the Cmgrunists have sufficient suitable
aircraft to begin operations of this type.
III. General Situation
Propaganda
British Communist correspondent Uinnington reports from Pyongyang on
12 April that "the vapor trails of 1IG-15's" over that city have brought "peace"
-- at least during daylight hours. After describing a recent encounter between
MIGIs and UN jets over Pyongyang, he states that the "line of the air battle moves
steadily south."
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I) A I
I. Ellitary Operations
Y KOREAN BULLETIN
DCI 4897
15 April 1952
Tani- elements from the US 40th Division engaged an ene-ly battalion in :'e
US L[ Corps zone. In the ROK II Corps and US X Corps zones, the enemy launched
one battalion-size and one company-size attack against the ROL. Third end Seventh
Divisions,
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supply lines on both coasts.
Air
The Far _.a.st Air Force flew 782 sorties, including 16 medium bomber sorties
against targets at Sinanje, Chinnampo and Sarivon. No enemy cdrcrat were engaged.
Military Intelligence
Air
UN fighter pilots to whom full credence is given observed 450 jet aircraft
on Tatung Kue airfield and 50 on Antung in the early morning of 12 April. Later
in the day only a aircraft were on Tatung Kuo and 101 were or .,int,mg.
The Far East Air Force believes
resulted from (a) bad weather at other
at Tatung Km for large scale staging,
techniques of operating from a crowded
this unusually heavy concentration may have
Manchurian fields, (b) testing of facilities
or (c) training of pilots in procedures and
field.
Ground
A recently captured Chinese Communist soldier reports that he belonged to an
element of the ?-8th Chinese Communist 2,rmy. At the time of his derertion on ?1
March this army was still deployed along the main supply route in northwestern
Korea between Sinanju and Pyongyang. (The 38th Army has frequently been reported
moving southward for a variety of reasons. This firm location would nee , to negate
these previous reports.)
III. General Situation
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours* c7e
. A.. !IA 011.717
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COI 4898
16 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
? Army
Scattered petrol engagements were reported across the US Eighth Army front.
In the US I and IX Corps zones, the enemy made probing attacks in strength up to
two platoons.
coasts.
Navy
Air and surface units struck at enemy supplies and communications on both
Air
The Far East Air Force flew 256 sorties, of which 56 were combat. No enemy
aircraft were sighted. Nine medium bomber sorties were flown against the
Chongju rail bridge.
Military Intelligence
The Far East Command reports that a recently captured Chinese Communist
artilleryman states that on 5 March he observed 30 armored vehicles, resembling
self-propelled artillery, in the area west of Pyongyang in central Korea. His
battery commander told him the following day that this armor was from an armored
regiment attached to the 12th Chinese Communist Army in east central Korea.
FECOM observes that the number of tank sightings in central and eastern
Korea have increased recently, possibly indicating an eastward or southward shift
of enemy armor. While it can not be confirmed, it is possible that the Chinese
Communist 3rd Armored Division, located in the eastern Wonsan area, has displaced
elements southward into this area.
III. General Situation
Political
25X1C
Foreign Minister Pyon Yeng-tae is soon to be replacedy Yang -
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Yu-chan, present Ambassador to the United States. pyonts fall from favor is re-
portedly due to his failure to support President Rhee. (It is entirely possible
that pyon is slated for replacement in view of the recent extensive cabinet
changes instituted by Rhee. yon, however, has demonstrated himself to be a
willing tool for the aging President.)
Propaganda
In a 14 April radio broadcast from Pyongyang Premier Kim Ilsong was
eulogized on the occasion of his AOth birthday, which occurred on 12 April. The
broadcast stated that various statues are being erected in his honor at the site
of his "victories over tho Japanese." (Tho real Kim Ilsong was a near legendary
guerrilla chieftain who operated in Manchuria and northeastern iwrea against the
Japanese. The present Kim Ilsong is reliably reported to have served with the
Soviet Army in World War II. Following the liberation of Korea from the Japanese,
a deliberate fiction was invented by the Communists alleging that the present
Premier Kim is the same man as the famous guerrilla leader.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ground
oar 4899
17 April 1952
The enemy made scattered probing attacks across the Eighth Army front.
United Nations forces maintained positions and patrolled.
coasts.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
Air
FEAF flew 838 sorties, of which, 460 were combat. No engagements with enemy
planes were reported. The bomber command conducted shoran bombing of the Sinanju
area,
Military Intelligence
Ground
A Chinese Communist prisoner captured on 23 March from the 32nd Antitank
Artillery Division reports that his political officer told him on 1 March that
the UN planned to launch a four-division offensive against the Chinese Communist
12th Army in east central Korea. This reported UN offensive was to be met with
a Communist counterattack supported by armor, artillery and reserve infantry
elements. No actions were to be taken, however, if the UN offensive did not
materialize.
The US IX Corps observes that this counterattack plan is of "particular
interest" and may represent a "variation" of reported plans for a 6th Phase
Offensive,
(While no ready explanation can yet be attached to the heightened military
activity along the battle front in the enemy's immediate rear, this prisoner's
statement provides a plausible explanation. The possibility remains, however, that
the "counterattack" referred to could expand into a major attack, if in fact it,
ever occurs.)
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III. General Situation
Political
25X1C pri.or to
9 April Nationalssem ymen broke with the Liberal Party in the National
Assembly (nominally a pro?Rhee group, but currently estranged from the executive).
This new voting faction is attempting to ally themselves with the Democratic
Nationalists, Rheeis opposition. Reportedly they )ropose to submit a constitu?
tional amendment calling for a "responsible cabinet" tyne of government similar to
25X1C that of France. Rhee vetoed an identical amendment only
recently and that Rhoe would "dissolve the assembly and call for a national elec?
tion if the amendment is made a political issue." (Political organizations in the
South Korean legislature are characterized more as voting coalitions than political
parties. While this rift in the Liberal Party, which nominally supports the govern?
ment, has not been confirmed, it is entirely possible. This move will strengthen
the voting paver of the Democratic Nationalists.)
Meanwhile a British news service reports that on 16 April this constitutional
amendment, intended to divest Rhee of political power, was introduced in the National
Assembly. Observers in South Korea say that the amendment has the necessary two?
thirds support of the Assembly needed for approval.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AnTV
001 4900
18 April 1952
Action across the front was highlighted by the repulsing of a company-
strength enemy probe in the US I Corps zone, tank activity in the US lk Corps
zone, and company-size attacks in the ROK II Corps zone, one of which was thrown
back by ROK 6th Division counterattacks,
Navy
Air and surface units continued to intercept enemy supply lines along both
coasts.
Air
UN aircraft flew 258 effective sorties, including 80 combat. The 16
medium bomber missions included an attack on the Sinhung-dong railroad bridge.
A preliminary report indicates that one MIG was destroyed and two damaged in en-
gagements between Sinanju and Sinuiju.
II. Military Intelligence
25X1C
Air
100 North Korean pilots arrived at
Sariwon airfield in western Korea, south or Pyongyang, early in February,
Allegedly the pilots were graduates of a Manchurian training center. It was
rumored that by "middle April" some 30 unidentified aircraft would be at the
field. At the time of the report -- 2 March -- only six aircraft were on the
field, These were flown only at night by North Korean pilots. (It has long been
suspected that the sod airfields in the Seriwon complex was one of the centers for
enemy night harassing missions conducted by obsolescent P0-2 biplanes. In view of
recent efforts to maintain two fields at Sariwon in operational condition, it is
probable that some North Korean Air Force activity is located here.)
III. General Situation
Propaganda
A 17 April Chinese Communist radio broadcast reports that on 13 April a
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US F-86 Sabre jet was shot down by ground fire over a Sino-Korean border town on
the Yalu River, The Communists allege that the downed aircraft, together with
three others, intruded over Manchurian airspace. According to US news reports,
the US Air Force admits the loss of an F-86 on that date. Air Force spokesmen
say that the US jet was attacked over northwestern Korea by four MIG-151s.
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prohibited by law.
19 April 4901
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
A four-hour enemy attack of company strength was repulsed by the ROK
Capitel Division in east central Korea. In the sector of the US 1st Marino Divi-
sion, 1,281 rounds of artillery and mortar fire were reoorted. Elsewhere along
the Eighth Army front, action was limited to probes and patrol clashes.
ELM
Air and surface units continued their strikes against enemy supply and
communication points on both coasts.
Air
The For East Air Force flew 1,243 sorties of which 796 were combat. Twelve
medium bomber sorties were flown, seven directed against a rail by-pass bridge in
the Sinanju area. A total of fl nirborne flIGts were observed; of 13 engaged, one
was destroyed and, three were damaged. One F-86 received minor damage.
II. Milit,ry Intelligence
Ground
An enemy front-line propaganda broadcast, made in the east central sector,
announced that a "general attack" would be launched before long.
General Situation
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OCI 4902
21 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN, BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arn
Small groups of the enemy made scattered probing attacks across the US
Eighth Army front. UN forces maintained positions and patrolled.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
coasts.
Air
Within a two and one half hour period 63 F-86s had eight engagetents with
105 G-15's and two Tyne-15's over northwest Korea. Nine MIGis were'destrOyed
and eight NIGIs and one Type-15 were damaged; no friendly losses were repotted.'
FEAF planes flew a total of 915 sorties.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
On 20 April UN aerial observers noted three separate enemy groups,
aggregating nearly a regiment, moving southwards into the Kaesong area. (Move-
ment of large groups of troops into the battle area has previously signalled
enemy preparations for more active military operations.)
The Far East Command reports the capture of additional Chinese prisoners
from the 26th Army in central Korea who state that their army will be relieved
in the near future. One prisoner stated that this relief had been scheduled
three times previously, but plans had been upset by the UN. FECOM comments
that this relief is as yet unsubstantiated, although the 26th has been in the
line since June 1951. (Previous reports have indicated that the 60th Chinese
Communist Army, farther to the west in reserve, would be the relieving force
for the 26th. Again this can not be substantiated.)
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III, General Situation
Economic
According to two 20 April Korean-language broadcasts from radio Pyongyang,
Premier Stalin offered "50,000 tons of flour stocked in Siberia" to Premier Kim
Ilsong because "I have become cognizant of the fact that provisions are needed
by the Korean people." Kim Ilsong accepted Stalin's offer, stating that this is
"another manifestation of the disinterested brotherly aid given by the great
Soviet people to the Korean people." (The public announcement of this consider-
able gift of food to the North Koreans by the USSR may be seen as another indica-
tion of the critical food shortage believed to exist among North Korean civilians.
This offer will probably be given maximum propaganda coverage within North Korea.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arn
OCI 4903
22 April 1952
There were light patrol contacts and scattered enemy probes across the US
Eighth Army front. UN forces maintained positions and patrolled.
coasts.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
Air
Revised figures for air engagements reported in the Daily Korean Bulletin
of 21 April are seven MIG-1518 destroyed, four damaged and one Type-15 damaged.
One F-86 was lost. In an early morning reconnaissance flight of F-86's, one
1IG-15 was destroyed. An F-86 received major damage when hit by debris from the
destroyed MIG. Total Far East Air Force sorties were 1,126, including seven bomber
command sorties against the Sinanju rail bridge and the Kyomipo steel mill.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
25X1C
The Far East Command, on the basis of prisoner-of-war and
accepts the deactivation of the North Korean 17th Mechanized Division. FECOM be-
lieves that the personnel and armor of this division have been pro-rated to other
units of the North Korean IV Corps in the western area near Pyongyang. (If this
deactivation has taken place as FECOM believes, the armored elements of the North
Korean army will be reduced to two divisions - the 105th Tank and the newly
organized 10th Mechanized.)
In the afternoon of 21 April, a ROK ground observation post in the east
central sector observed 200 mounted enemy troops together with 100 troops on foot.
(This observation made in the sector of the Chinese Communist Twelfth Army, not
known to have organic cavalry troops, raises again the question of whether the
enemy will use cavalry in the Korean conflict. The last cavalry encounter occurred
in late October 1950 when a US unit was surprised by mounted Chinese Communist
troops in northwestern Korea. Two unidentiaed Chinese Communist cavalry units
were long believed to be in Korea, but lack of contact or capture of prisoners
caused FECOM to drop these units from the Communist order of battle.)
I
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III. General Situation
Political
On 19 April the South Korean National Assembly passed a resolution to amend
a government organization law whereby, if a vacancy occurs in the Prime Minister-
ship, a successor shall be appointed within ten days,
The American Embassy in Pusan reports that if this amendment becomes law,
it will prevent President Rhee from naming an acting Prime Minister whose appoint-
ment, unlike that of a permanent Prime Minister, is not subject to Assembly con-
currence. It is also stated by the Embassy that there is as yet no reliable indi-
cation of Rheets intentions in regard to action on the above resolution or of a
successor to ex-Prime Minister Chang.
Economic
- Radio Pyongyang in a 21 April broadcast detailed how the 50,000 tons of flour
presented to North Korea by the USSR were to be used. The gift will go without
charge to farmers who suffered from the war or floods, to mitigate the agricultural
taxes presently in arrears, and to continue the state loans to impoverished farmers.
(The emphasis on relief of the North Korean agricultural population partially confirms
the serious food shortages thought to exist among the North Korean civilian popula-
tion.)
Propaganda
In a 21 April broadcast the Foreign Minister of North Korea refused the offer
of assistance made by the UNIs World Health Organization. Pak said "we have
succeeded in preventing the spreading of epidemics," and added that the World Health
Organization, after all, was a US puppet.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
OCI 4904
23 April 1952
Patrol action and scattered enemy probes up to two platoons in size were
reported across the US Eighth. Army front6
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and commulications on both
coasts.
Air
Far East Air Force planes flew 1,228 sorties, Of which 883 were coml)at.
Four Type-15ts attacked four F-86,s but no damage was reported for either side.
The UN bomber command flew 10 sorties against the Sinanju rail by-pass.
Military Intelligence
Ground
The LIS Navy reoorts the results of a ROK naval intelligence interrogation
of a North Korean prisoner, The latter stated that nolitical advisers of his
division said the North Korean Army was preparing for an all-out offensive against
the DN forces in May 1952, (Enemy prisoners have recently been reported as saying
that an offensive was impending -- previously a reliable indicator of Communist in-
tentions when received in sufficient volume. Although there is evidence of con-
siderable enemy movement and unusual activity iu North Korea, the Far East Command
does not believe a Communist offensive is imminent.)
Air
UN aerial observers report the sighting or 21 May of a 5,000 foot airstrip
with 10 revetments in an area just north of Sariwon. (The Communists have been
able to construct numerous sod airfield sin North Korea only to have the TJN detect
and destroy them. To date, the only airfields south of the Yalu River complex that
?
70
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the enemy has made an effort to keep operational have been the sod fields at
Sariwon. Obsolescent biplanes are believed to have flowr from these fields in
harassing missions against the UN rear areas.)
III. General Situation
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
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OCI 4905
24 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Scattered patrol contacts and light enemy probes were reported across the
US Eighth Army front.
Nav,r
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
coasts.
Air
FEAF aircraft flew 1,072 sorties, of which 730 were combat. One MIG was
damaged in an early morning encounter over northwest Korea.
Military Intelligence
Ground
The Far East Command reports that the capture of a Chinese soldier from the
15th Army in the sector of responsibility of the 26th Army in central Korea
strengthens the indications that the 26th has been relieved. FECOM, however, is
unable to say what unit comprises the relieving force. (Relief of the 26th Army
has been indicated since early April. Although the 60th Army received primary
mention as the relieving force, the 15th Army, as indicated by the prisoner, may
actually have accomplished the relief.)
III. General Situation
Political
25X6 President Rhee has announced the nomination of Assembly Vice Speaker
Chang Taeksang for the vacant post of Primer
acceptable to both Rhee and the Assembly.
The Ambassador believes Chang is one of the veri]n;;;;7
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(Relations between Rhee and. the Assembly are now so strained that the latter
could conceivably indicate its lack of confidence in the ident by rejecting the
nomination.)
Economic
During the period of 14 March to 11 April prices in South Korea remained
fairly constant, and for the first time since May 1950 there was a decrease in
the amount of new currency. The eompodities index in Pesar during the period de-
creased 3 percent while the retail r!e- ,rice in Pusan and Seoul increased 1 per-
cent and decreased 7 percent respectively.
According to Radio Pyongyang. the North Korean Government on 20 April re-
leased a cabinet decision which establishes rewards to be paid "for discoverers
of mineral veins." The Government edict specified the types of ore which will
bring recompense, including load, wolfram, copper, gold, silver "and others." In
addition to the reward money, the promulgation .continues, the discoverer will be
given "the privilege of purchasing daily necessities, clothing, and the like at
the State-set prices." (Enemy documents indicate that a considerable amount of
North Korean mine products was shipped to the Soviet Union before the war.
Previous reports have indicated that only a small minority of North Korean
civilians are fortunate enough to have access to scarce consumer goods at gov-
ernment-controlled prices, the vast majority having to spend from five to six
times as much for their daily needs in the open market.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
?CI 4906
25 April 1952
Small probing attacks and patrol engagements characterized the activity all
across the US Eighth Army front, as elements of the US 40th Division in the BS IX
Corps zone repulsed two probes after a 25-minute struggle.
Navy
Air and surface craft continued to intercept enemy supply lines.
Air
FEF' aircraft flew 999 sorties, 620 of them combat. There were 73 close-
support missions divided among all five UN Corps zones. A total of 11 medium
bomber sorties was flown, six against the Chongju railroad bridge complex and the
Chinnampo marshalling yards. Twenty MIG's were Observed, 14 encountered, with two
probably destroyed and one damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
UN aerial observers on 23 April sighted what appeared to be over 250
Communist-built tank traps in the general area of Kumsong in east central Korea.
(UV forces in this sector have made a number of highly successful armored probes
in the past, and these barriers may be directed against future UN local action.)
Air
UN fighter aircraft, directing naval gunfire at Wonsan, on 21 April detected
and destroyed an enemy IL-10 conventional ground-attack aircraft on Wonsan air-
field.
Far East Air Force notes that, although there were several single-enine
planes on Wonsan field on 12 March, there were none on 8 April. (It is possible
that the Communists are using some 2,800 feet of undamaged runway at the airfield
to mount limited harassing sorties acninst UN installations or for limited night
operations.)
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III. General Situation
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Economic
A statement issued on 21 April by the North Korean Ministry of Agriculture
and Forestry claimed that spring sowing for this year, despite "many difficulties
caused by . . the American imperialists and by the flood and drought of last
year" is progressing foster than last year. The Ministry estimated that total
areas planted showed 150.9 percent increase over last year, thus "vividly" showing
"the heightened production desire of the farmers." (Despite the above "facts"
cited by Pyongyang, the continued lack of farm equinment, personnel, draft animals
and fertilizer presage a continued poor yield.)
Political
According to US observers Assembly Vice Speaker Chang Taek-san has organized
a "middle ground" Assembly group, including 10 Assemblymen who signed a petition
for the recent cabinet responsibility amendment and 13 who did not sign. The group
supports the amendment but professes to believe the measure needs "further study."
The organization of this group probably has Rheets covert backing in an effort to
confuse the amendment issue. Rheets recent nomination of Chang to the Prime
Ministership may have been a reward for Changls action in the Lsrembly which
possibly weakened the unity of anti-Rhee elements.
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OCI 4907
26 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLET IN
I. Military Operations
Enemy ground activity was limited to small probes in the west and east?cen?
tral sectors.
Task Force 77 on the east coast replenished and conducted no air operations.
West coast carriers and surface units on both coasts attacked enemy supply routes.
FEAF aircraft flew 663 sorties, of which 378 were combat. One MIG was dam,-
aged in an engagement just north of the Chongchon River.
II, Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Truce Talks
Radio Peiping on 25 April warned the United States that it will be "heavily
punished by the people of Korea, China, and the rest of the world" unless Korean
and Chinese POWs "demands" to return home are met. The broadcast recalls the
Koje riots and previous propaganda broadcasts as evidence of US brutality against
Communist prisoners.
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Political
Yqsterday municipal, town and township elections were held in South Korea and
an estimated seven million voters were expected to elect representatives for
17,559 seats. Prior to the elections, President Rhee cautioned the ROK voters
about electing "candidates who are spending much money" in their campaigns, as
they "will undoubtedly try to recoup their outlay at the expense of the public,"
The ROK President also warned that "professional politicans," if elected, would
expand their powers but that women candidates should not be discriminated
against.
Propaganda
A North Korean propaganda broadcast of 24 April charged the US with using
poison gas shells against Communist troops 33 times between 27 February and 9
April,
Radio Pyongyang warned the people of North Korea on 25 April that as a result
of alleged US germ warfare in the past, an "outbreak of vicious epidemics" is pos?
sible in the near future.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arrsz
nCI 4908
28 April 2952
Patrol contacts and scattered enemy probes were reported across the Eighth
Army front.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supply points and communications on
both coasts.
Air
FEAF planes flew 1,028 sorties, of which.657,were combat. Of the -20 air-
borne MIG-15's observed, ten were encountered but no damage waz inflicted on
either side. Ten medium bomber sorties were directed against the Huichon rail
bridge.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
ROK Foreign Minister P3rori on 25 April issued a statement claiming that
Japan has "unilaterally" broken off the current Korean?Japanese ncgotiations. The
South Korean official charged that the Japanese negotiators: continuing claims to
private property in Korea -- a major issue in deadlocking the talks -- was the
factor causing discontinuance. Pyon added, however, that "we have not given up
hope for introspection and reconsideration on the part of Japan." (Japan has pro?
posed, possibly as a bargaining maneuver, that the talks be broken off. There is
no Qronfirmation, howEver, that the talks actually have been suspended.)
Truce Talks
In a propaganda broadcast on 26 April, Radio Peiping chPrged the US with
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"destroying the basis of negotiations in the executive sessions" by "holding hack
large numbers of Korean and Chinese prisoners." Peiping quoted a Communit nego-
tiator to the effect that "we are still willing to continue to negotiate a settle-
ment in the hope of achieving an armistice." The "ole reasonable basis for solu-
tion to the PW problem" was said to lie in the earlier demand that between 116,00?-
1321000 Communist prisoners be returned.
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On 4909
29 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
Patrol clashes and scattered light enemy probes were reported across the US
Eighth Army front.
coasts.
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
Air
Limited by weather, Far East Air Force planes flew only 205 sorties, of which
84 were combat. No sightings of enemy aircraft were reported.
Military Intelligence
Navy
A North Korean, captured off northeastern Korea and interrogated by the US
Navy, stated that the ammunition supply at one coastal artillery installation was
40 rounds per gun. He added that the unit was under orders to conserve ammunition
for "anti-invasion use" and had refused daily requests to fire on UN naval vessels
in the area. (While fragmentary, this statement indicates the continued fear of
another successful UN amphibious operation.)
III. General Situation
Economic
The American special economic mission to South Korea met on 24 April with
the ROK Finance and Foreign Ministers to present the US position on the settlement
of "won" advances to US forces. Clarence E. Meyer, chief of the US mission, stated
that current arrangements for won advances and aid supplies "will provide ample
financial means to cope with the inflation." (The South Koreans have placed most
of the blame for inflation on the UN's failure to make current payments for the
won as it is used.)
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OCI 4910
30 April 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Army
Scattered light enemy probes were encountered across the US Eighth Army
front. UN forces maintained positions and patrolled.
Navy
' Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies aid communications on both
coasts.
Air
Aircraft of the Far East Air Force, hampered by overcast along the north-
west coast, flew 451 sorties, of which 202 were combat. No sightings of enemy
aircraft were reported.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
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7C?
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
ArITV
OCI 4911
a. May 1952
The US Eighth Army reported scattered patrol contacts and three enemy probes
of platoon size.
Navy
Surface units bombarded coastal communication and supply points. Reports
of naval air units were not received.
Air
A total of 112 enemy jets was observed in northwest Korea, of which 51
were encountered in eight engagements by F-86 's, F-0 a, and F9F1s. Six MIG-1,5's
were destroyed and three NIG's and two Type-15's were damaged. One F-80 was lost
and an F-86 and FF received major damage. FEAF aircraft flew a total of 922
sorties, of which 545 were combat.
II. Military Intelligence
Manpower
Recent prisoner of war interrogations indicate that many ex-ROK soldiers:
upon completion of Communist training and indoctrination, are again being assigned
to frontline Columnist units. Far &1st Command believes that this may he attri-
buted to the critical shortage of trained manpower in the North Korean Army,
III. General Situation
Na significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
21
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OCI 4912
2 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
coasts.
Scattered light enemy probes were reported across the US Eighth Army front.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
Air
Planes of the Far East Air Force flew 1,292 sorties, of which 820 were
combat. In counter air action, 12 NIG-15's were engaged and one was damaged.
Friendly aircraft suffered no casualties.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
In the afternoon of 30 April, four US F-86 jet pilots, flying at 30,000 feet
along the Yalu River, observed an estimated 500 eneny aircraft on airfields in the
Yalu River complex. The Communist aircraft reportedly occupied all major revetment
and taxiway space, with 100 at Takushan, 150 at Tatungkuo? and 250 at Antung.
Visibility during the ten-minute sighting was reportedly good and the US lead pilot
used binoculars.
The Far East Air Force, while noting that such a concentration is possible,
believes that the sighting might have been too high by as much as 100 planes. FEAF
carries 350 Communist MIG-15's as based on airfields in the Yalu River complex.
III. General Situation
Foreign Relations
The coming into force of the Japanese peace treaty has evoked "apprehensive
comment" in South Korean newspapers the past week; most editorials have stated that
;%1F
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Japan is not yet democratic and is still fundamentally imperialistic. The press
has also "warned" Japan not to try to recover its former position in Asia. It
hopes that instead Japan will play an assigned role in rearming for defense against
communism.
Political
President Rhee's campaign to discredit his opposition in the ROK National
Assembly received an unexpected boost on 24 April when So Ninhe, a leading member
of the opposition, shot and killed a ROK Army captain in a fracas. American
observers note that varying accounts of the incident are receiving wide circulation
and that Rhee may seize on the case as an illustration of his thesis that Assembly?
men are a "little group of willful men who consider themselves above the law."
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OCI 4913
3 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AEMZ
There were scattered patrol clashes all along the front and four minor
probes in the US X and ROK I and II Corps zones, but the enemy forces withdrew
in each case.
Navy
Air and surface craft bombarded enemy supply and communications facili-
ties. Three F-9Ffs were lost, with two of the pilots recovered and the third
presumed killed in action.
Air
FEAF aircraft flew 869 sortie; of which 472 were combat. There were 13
medium bomber missions, nine against the Kogunyong-dong railroad bridge. Eight
NIG-151s were observed and all were engaged, with claims of one probably destroyed.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
General Situation
Political
According to a 30 April radio broadcast fromPyongyang, a delegation from
the Mongolian People arrived in North Korea on 28 April. The Mongols reportedly
brought 24 carloads of "May Day gifts" to the North Korean people. (This is the
second delegation from Mongolia to visit North Korea in_1952. A previous group
arrived in late December 1951 and toured North Korea during January 1952.)
Economic
The US Army Attache in Korea reports that famine conditions exist in
certain northern areas of the ROK province of North Kyongsang. This situation,
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caused by last fall's crop failure in the effected areal has not as yet been
remedied by increasing the UN Civil Assistance Commnd and other welfare
efforts.
The total number of registered refugees in South Korea numbered as of
15 April 10,464,491, according to the ROK Social Affairs Ministry, or about
half the population of South Korea. Of this number, over 618 thousand are
refugees from North Korea. Those who are suffering from "living difficulties"
total 4,367,472.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
-03I 4914
5 May 1952
Scattered light enemy probes and patrol clashes were reported across the US
Eighth Army front.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy supplies and communications on both
coasts.
Air
In six encounters, FEAF aircraft destroyed four MIG-15's, one YAK-3, and
one IL-2, and probably destroyed another MIG-15. Friendly aircraft suffered no
damage. Total FEAF sorties were 715, of which 458 were combat.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The ROK Government on 30 April vetoed a National Assembly Bill providing
for legal guarantees against political intimidation on the grounds that the
Hswoeping" provisions of the bill would foster subversive activities and would
make the maintenance of law and order difficult. At the same time, a provision
in another law calling for the President to fill any vacancy in the Prime Ministers
post within ten days was rejected by the executive.
US observers in Korea comment that these notions by Rhee can only further
increase friction between the executive and the legislature. Regardless of whether
the Assembly overrides these vetoes, the legislature has made its point that Rhee
is not protecting the political freedoms guaranteed in the constitution and does
not intend to abandon his practice of appointing "acting" Prime Ministers, thus
avoiding Assembly approval* .>0
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
OCI 4915
6 May 1952
Ground action was characterized by light enemy probes and minor patrol
clashes.
Navy
Air and surface craft bombarded enemy supply and communications facilities.
Air
Six 1IG-15's were encountered by three F-86's and one MIG was damaged. Air-
craft of the Far East Air Force flew 1,160 sorties, 751 of them combat. The 13
medium bomber missions included an attack by eight aircraft or the Nuichon rail-
road bridge.
Military Intelligence
The Far East Command is decreasing the estimated daily non-battle casualty
rate of the enemy as of 6 May to one casualty per 3,000 troops, because of the
armistice negotiations and the resultant relatively static situation. As the enemy
has had an opportunity to supply troops with more suitable clothing, heated bunkers,
and larger amounts of food and entertainment to discourage desertions, the former
ratio of one casualty to 1,000 troops is now "unrealistic." Intelligence sources,
prisoner-of-war reports and captured enemy documents justify this latest computation,
according to FIEOM, and indicate that the enemy forces are entirely capable of re-
placing the number of non-battle casualties suffered each month.
Air
On 5 May in the late afternoon American F-86 pilots sighted 315 swept-wing
aircraft on the three Communist airfields in the Yalu River complex. (The Far East
Air Force has estimated that up to 350 MIG-15's are based on these fields.)
III. General Situation
Political
'Indio Pusan announced today that the ROK National Assembly has apprcved the
appointment of Chang Tak-sang as Prime Minister by a 95 to 81 vote. (Chang, one of the
few men acceptable to both the Assembly and Rhee is, according to US Ambassador Mucci
-n "ntelligent, embitious opnortunist. THE C.I.A. HAS ro o7recTioN /
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 6000
7 May 1952
Scattered enemy platoon-size probes and patrol contacts were reported across
the US Eighth Army front.
Navy
Air and surface units attacked enemy coastal routes.
Air
Aircraft of the Far East Air Force flew 1,238 sorties, of which 848 were
combat. Two A1C-151s were encountered with no damage to either side.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
From 1 July 1951 to the present, the Communists have lost 319 aircraft in
combat, according to a Far East Command estimate. Another 49 were probably destroy-
ed and 444 were damaged. Communist non-combat losses are estimated at 69 aircraft
wrecked and 47 seriously damaged. The great bulk of these losses have occurred
among jet fighters.
III. General Situation
Economic
The destruction of irrigation facilities and the devastation of forest; are
two major nroblems confronting the North Koreans, according to a Radio Pyongyang
broadcast of 3 May. In view of the depleted forests, the broadcast stated,
committees for floods and wind damage must be organized and "tree-planting must
be launched throughout the country." As for irrigation, the Communist regime
urges the farmers to secure and repair water pumps and other irrigation equipment
and "replace all motors operated by oil with those operated by charcoal." (Re-
portedly. the only well-irrigated paddies in North Korea are in the Chaeryong basin
southwest of Pyongyang, the other cultivated areas being dependent solely on the
summer rainy season. The curtailment of oil points up the civilian shortage of
this commodity; the bulk of POL supplies goes to the armed forces.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Army
OCI 6001
8 May 1952
Patrol clashes and enemy probes up to company strength were reported across
the US Eighth Army front.
Eau
The US Destroyer OWENS received six hits from enemy shore batteries at
Songjin. The ship reported six personnel casualties and considerable damage.
Air
FEAF aircraft flew 983 sorties, of which 646 were combat. Four Australian
Meteors engaged two MIG-15's south of Pyongyang and claimed one MIG destroyed. An
Australian Meteor received minor damage. Two Navy Banshees engaged eight MIG's at
an unreported location with no damage to either side.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Economic
In the special meeting of the UN economic mission with ROK ministers on
3 May, South Korean Finance Minister Paek stalemated the negotiations by stating
that South Korea "must control" foreign exchange accruing from the recently-
concluded US-ROK tungsten agreement. (The tungsten contract was formally signed
Some weeks ago. It expressly stipulated that the resulting foreign exchange was
subject to US control. The draft of the current economic negotiations, however,
provides that -- subsequent to the effective date of the draft -- any future
foreign exchange accruing from ROK exports will be controlled solely by Korea.)
TTE , "11
TO T
il
EC ? _ sDj oil:AITT;COF
N
oNTI50
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arr
00I 6002
9 May 1952
There were several small enemy probes, particularly in the US I Corps zone
in the west, where the enemy again evidenced sensitivity to UN observation.
lja.v
Air and surface craft attacked enemy communications on both coasts; one
Corsair was lost.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 1,240 sorties including 871 combat. Nineteen
medium bombers attacked targets which included Kwaksan railroad bridge and
Eariwon airfield. Of 28 MIG-15ts observed 19 were engaged, with claims of two
destroyed and one damaged against one Australian Meteor damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Economic
The US Army Attache in Korea reports that as of 7 May the retail price of
rice was 100,000 won for 20 litres. No immediate end of the price rise seems to
be in sight, according to the report.
Cease-fire
US military observers in Korea report that officers of the ROK Army
generally feel that the war should be actively continued.
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21
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10 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
The enemy made scattered probing attacks up to company strength along the
Eighth Army front. A friendly tank patrol met with battalion strength resis?
tance and artillery and anti?tank fire in the western sector.
Air and surface units raided enemy Supplies and communications on both
coasts.
FEAF aircraft flew 797 sorties, of which 480 were combat. Of 28 enemy
aircraft observed, eight were encountered. One MIG-15 was damaged.
Military Intelligence
Armor
The Far East Command, in its latest estimate of Communist armored strength
in Korea, reports that while the table of equipment of enemy units in Korea calla
for a total of 443 tanks and 160 self?propelled artillery pieces, the enemy now
has only 3E4 tanks and 134 self?propelled guns.
The bulk of this armor is to be found in A North Korean tank division; a
mechanized division, four mechanized artillery brigades, and in organic North
Korean corps artillery. The Chinese Communists have 160 tanks and 16 self?
propelled guns in their two armored divisions.
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General Situation
P
The national Assembly on 8 Nay elected Kim Don-song, an anti4thee member
of the Assembly Liberal Party, as Vice Chairman to fill the vacancy left by the
new Prime Minister. The election of Kim demonstrates the continuing strength
of the anti-Rhee forces in the Assembly.
The ROK, according to the US Embassy, still insists that further Japa-
nese-South Korean negotiations are futile as long as the Japanese persist in their
property claims in Korea. The South Korean Government is reportedly Dlannin an
intensive propaganda campaign for June denouncing Japanese claims.
25X6
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CCI 6004
12 !Cy 1952
DAILY lt ()PEAK 13 U LETIN
Military Operations
Ground
Enemy night probes against ROK forces on the western and central fronts and
scattered patrol activity marked the ground action on 11 May.
Navy
UN naval air and surface units bombarded communications and supplies on the
east and west coasts.
Air
UN aircraft flew 1168 sorties of which 700 were combat. Of the enemy planes
encountered, four MIG-15's were reported damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
South Korean press and official reaction to the recint UN Command "package!'
proposal was one of grateful and fervent support for the United Nations stand on
prisoners of war, although the attitude on the airfield issue is viewed as a major
threat to ROK security.
Almost complete silence on the part of ROK officialdom followed Rhea's
14 April statement opposing any armistice which failed to insure the unification
of Korea, Ambassador Mucci? comments that this is in notable contrast to earlier
vigorous denunciations by officials, newspapers and contrived mass meetings which
reached a peak of intensity last December.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
001 6005
13 Ma7 1952
Minor probes by small enemy groups across the front again characterized
the dayts ground action. Heavy enemy mortar fire was received by UN forces in
the west, while in the east the Communists continued to make front-line propa-
ganda broadcasts.
Navy
UN naval air and surface units continued to harass enemy lines of comilni-
cations and supply and troop installations on both the east and west coasts.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 1,031 sorties including 664 combat. Medium
bombers attanked an important railway bridge in northwestern Korea. Twenty-two
1IG-15ts were observed or encountered during the period with no damage suffered
by either side.
II. Military Intelligence
Navy
ROK naval interrogation of recently captured North Korean prisoners reveal
that 5 boat builders north of Songjin in northeastern Korea have been busy since
mid-March building wooden boats to be used in another attempt to capture the UN
held island of Yang-do. (A determined effort by the North Koreans on 20 February
to capture Yang-do ended in disaster for the enenr unit Yang-do northern-
most UN-held island
Air
UN F-86 pilots, on patrol along the Yalu River on 12 May. observed 360
st.rept wing aircraft on Tatungl-ou and Antung airfields between 1000 and 1100 hours,
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III. General Situation
Political
Radio Pyongyang broadcast on 8 Nay that a new guerrilla organization,
known as the "Country-saving Fighting League," has been formed in South Korea
to include "patriots in all walks of life against the American and Japanese
imperialists and national traitors."
The same broadcast, attempting to play upon traditional Korean hatred for
Japan, describes the entry of 10,000 Japanese police reserves into the Korean war
as a part of a scheme to prepare a South Korean-Japanese military alliance.
Propaganda
Radio Pyongyang on 7 May again accused the UN of using poison gas shells
on 22 and 25 April.
In the combat area, enemy front-line propaganda loudspeaker broadcasts on
11 May stated that "the Chinese Communist and the North Korean Army will launch
a 6th Phase Offensive if the peace talks fail." On the east coast, ROK units on
11 May received leaflet-bearing mortar fire. The leaflets stated that "200
Japanese officers were dispatched to Korea by order of the National Defense of
the UN," a theme also noted in a previous Radio Pyongyang broadcast.
a
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OCI, 6005
14 114y 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
ADM
The enemy demonstrated his sensitivity in western Korea by attempting to
eliminate certain UN ground observation posts. On the central front a UN tank
-
infantry patrol was heavily engaged for an hour by an enemy unit employing re-
coiless rifle and mortar fire.
Lam
UN naval air and surface units attacked enemy lines of communications
and industrial, installations on the North Korean east and west coasts.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 1,244 sorties, of which 801 were combat.
Medium bombers attacked an enemy bridge in northeastern Korea., while UN jet
fighters observed or encountered 116 MIG-15's in northwestern Korea. Five el!
the enemy jets were destroyed with only one UN F-86 damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
AEDE
The North Korean "divisions" frequently reported training in Manchuria
arrived in North Ko ea o
mess ommunis staf officers
reques e a e new r arrived divisions be assigned to the front to support
Chinese Communist troops, but the North Koreans intend to use the new units as
the nuclei for "three additional North Korean corps." (The current training of
North Korean troops in Manchuria has been consistently reported from different
sources, but no firm confirmation has ever been received. Although there Is
ne eviclence to support the arrival of these new units in Korea, it is entirely
possible that replacements and perhaps specialized Korean units 2 arme:- or
artillery, have been training in Manchuria and that they began entering Korea
in April.)
Air
On 11 May a US naval patrol plane was attacked by MIG,s in the Korean
Bey about 90 miles from Dairen and the same distance from re Shantung coasts
6
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No serious damage was reported. (This interception is a further indication of
the effectiveness of the Communists/ early warning and air defense system in
areas near Dairen and the Shantung coast.)
III. General Situation
25X1C
Economic
on pri or Korean Government was "obliged" to
euip un amage p ant equipment from industrial installations in Hamhung? Songjin
and Kyomi o in paent for Soviet equipment. During the period February to
April, shipments from the USSR to North Korea, presumably
of war materiel, were not regular. (During the cease-fire negotiations the
North Korean Army has been able to effect a considerable rehabilitation of its
combat units, including the addition of both heavy and light equipment. While
the methods of payment for this materiel have never been disclosed, it is con-
ceivable that the export of undamaged Korean industrial equipment would be one
means of reimbursing the USSR for equinment used in the conduct of war.)
The US Economic Mission conveyed a four-point proposal to ROK officials
on 12 May in an attempt to reach agreement on various economic issues. The
proposal stipulates leaving the won-dollar conversion rate at 6,000 to 19 paying
up all back drawings for the US soldiers, pocket money, paying 0 million per
month as partial settlement of UN won drawings, And arriving at "specifio
figures" for won drawings for the period commencing 1 January 1952.
Finance Minister Paek, after reckoning the total sum to be available to
South Korea, commented that it was "not much money."
?
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OCI 6007
15 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ground
The enemy in western Korea again vigorously resisted attempts by the UN's
1st ROK Division to maintain an observation post at Kigong. In the central sector,
a number of company-size Communist attacks made limited gains,
Navy
UN naval air and surface craft maintained the blockade on both coasts of
North Korea and attacked Communist supply line targets.
UN land based aircraft flew 599 combat sorties out of the total of 1,100
flown during the period; medium bombers attacked a railroad bridge and industrial
installations in coastal eastern Korea. UN F-86's encountered or sighted 30
MIG-15's. Three of the enemy planes were downed compared to a friendly loss of one
F-86.
II, Military Intelligence
Grouncl
UN air observers on 13 April observed some 200 square miles of gray smoke
covering the Hoeyang area in eastern Korea about 30 miles south of Wonsan. (The
' eneMY, in the past, has sought to conceal major daylight troop movement by the use
of such smoke. However, the possibility? of forest fires cannot be ruled aut.)
III. General Situation
Economic
Chinese troops, according to a recent North Korean broadcast, are extending
aid to Korean farmers by "helping them plow and sow as well as in irrigation
projects." In addition Pyongyang stated that millet and rice have been given to
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the peasants by the Chinese. (The paucity of experienced farm labor -- the major
factor accounting for poor crop yields -- has necessitated the use of Chinese as
well as North Korean static military units for agricultural pursuits. Recent gifts
of flour and grain from the USSR and China point up the severe North Korean
civilian food shortage.)
Propaganda
Radio Peiping charged on 14 May that "American Military aircraft" violated
the Kaesong neutral zone early that day between 0240 and 0335. The broadcast
claimed that "many" flares were dropped and the zone machine?gunned.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
(XI 6008
16 May 1952
Unsuccessful enemy probing efforts of platoon and company strength high-
lighted action across the front. The enemy repulsed friendly patrols in the
central sector.
Navy
Naval air and surface units continued blockading the east and west coasts
and bombarded shore installations.
Air
UN aircraft flew 1,226 sorties of which 815 were combat. Of the 29
NG-15s encountered, three were destroyed. One UN F-86 was lost.
IT. Military Intelligence
Arn
The Far East Command, after detailed analysis of enemy documents and
prisoner of war statements, accepts the presence of an organic artillery regi-
ment with each Chinese Communist army and an organic artillery battalion with
each division in Korea. In both the IX and XX Army Groups, however, an ar-
tillery regiment of two artillery battalions and an antiaircraft automatic
weapons battalion is organic to each division. FECOM concludes that the ulti-
mate goal of the Chinese Communists is to have an artillery regiment organic
to each infantry division. (There is no indication that this revision of
ganic Chinese Communist artillery strength will result in a further upward
estimate in the number of artillery pieces available to the enemy in Koreao)
Air
UN F-86 pilots observed 280 swept-wing aircraft on Antung, Tatung-kotl
and Takushan airfields in the early morning of 15 May. Later, in the aftel:aoon,
250 aircraft were observed on Tatung-kou airfield alone. LQ
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General Situation
Political
"Bureaucratic tendencies among officials, corruption and embezzlement,"
residues of Japanese suzerainty, are still to be seen in North Korea, accord-
ing to a 13 May broadcast from Pyongyang. An indoctrination campaign is, there-
fore, to be "launched vigorously," using every available means for political
education and cultural training of the working masses. Those who embezzle, fail
to abide by discipline, waste State property and are tardy in reporting for
duty will be dealt with "mercilessly." (The North Korean Government earlier
this week announced the formulation of a State Inspection Committee, presumably
to tighten up the regime's control. The new committee will inspect and control
activities in government installations as well as private enterprises.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ground
0ci 6009
17 May 1952
Scattered minor enemy probes and patrol contacts occurred along the front
during the past 24 hours. The US 187th Airborne Infantry Regiment was relieved
from its Japan assignment and began movement to the UN 2nd Logistical Command,
which is also charged with the security of the prisoner of war compounds.
Navy
UN naval air and surface craft harassed enemy lines of communications and
supply installations.
Air
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 1,067 sorties, 644
of which were combat. Medium bombers attacked an important railway bridge in north-
western Korea. Although no MIG-15's were encountered, UN F-86's patrolling in the
Yalu River area observed the constant movement of aircraft from and to Communist
airfields in Manchuria. At one time 205 swept-wing aircraft were on the three
fields near Antung.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
25X1C
The North Korean Army on 27 April had 450 "tanks," most of them in the 105th
These J111111111111
Tank ad 1 th Mechanized Divisions in western and west-central Korea,
repo eyna ? on o ose ssue un er e no- ov e agreement on supply
and e ui ment for the Korean War. 25X1C
"mass shipments of machinery and
scrap rom o area ?ave ?een ma o e USSR to pay for these tanks. (FECOM
has estimated that the enemy, including the Chinese, have only 384 tanks in North
Korea, although their armored tables of organization provide for 443 tanks. How
the North Koreans and the Chinese receive and pay for equipment from the USSR is
unknown.) '
(1-1
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III. General Situation
Cease-fire
An American Red Cross representative now in Korea reports that ROK personnel
detailed for handling the anticipated exchange of prisoners of war are of "high"
calibre. The US Embassy comments that the above report may be indicative of
future ROK tactics towards the armistice, that is, of cooperation on an operaGing
level while the government remains aloof.
Political
Sin Hungul former South Korean diplomatic representative in Tokyo, on 13 May
announced his candidacy for president of the ROK in the June elections. (Sin,
better known as Thigh Cynn? is a controversial figure and a former long-time intimate
of Rhee; he broke with the President in 1950. Reportedly a collaborator with the
Japanese, he became wealthy after World War II as a contractor. Whether or not
his candidacy has Rhee's approval is not known. However, he has had and may still
have close connections with and support from leading native Protestant churchmen,
from the Yun Chiyong clique which surrounds Rhee, and from the HUng Sa Dan, a
secret bortherhood organized 30 years ago and reputedly very powerful.)
Propaganda
A Radio Peiping broadcast of 16 May emphasized the theme that "the latest
scheme of the American aggressors for wrecking the Korean armistice negotiations"
Is their refusal to listen to reason at the conference table "while creating
threatening provocations outside the conference tent."
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OCI 6010
19 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ground
An attack by the enemy in company strength against an ROK outpost in
western Korea was the heaviest action of the period. In the east, ROK units were
probed by North Korean platoon-size groups.
Navy
UN naval air and sea elements attacked enemy supply lines, troop installa-
tions and defensive positions on the Korean east and west coasts*
Air
UN aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 860 effective sorties,
435 of which were combat. No medium bomber missions were flown and only 7 MIG-15's
were sighted or encountered. One F-86 was lost.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The US Embassy in Pusan reports that the only South Korean newspaper comment
on the General Dodd incident appeared in Seoul Shinmun which stated that the UN
invited the "insult" by over-indulgent treatment. The newspaper added that ;he
"gentlemanly attitude" of the UN will only encourage further Communist aggression.
On 14 May the ROK Government submitted to the National Assembly a "new"
proposal to amend the constitution in a manner similar to the government-sponsored
bill of last January. The proposal calls for popular election of the president and
vice-president, a bi-cameral legislature, and confirmation of the President's
Cabinet appointees by the Lower House. Ambassador Muccio suggests that the new
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plan may be intended to counter the Assemblyls suggestion of 7 Nay calling for
a Cabinet responsible to the National Assembly. The conflicting bills will Un?
doubtedly be the principal political issue during the next month. (Proposals
for the popular election of the president and vice?president as well as a bi?
cameral legislature are strongly opposed by the Assembly.)
Economic
The ROK, according to the US Embassy in Pusan, plans to import 24,000
metric tons of rice from Thailand and 13,000 metric tons from Taiwan in the near
future. This rice, none of which has arrived yet, is part of the 60,000 metric
tons proposed import for which South Korea received US concurrence in the alloca?
tion of ROK foreign exchange.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
10 Military Operations
ljz_RE
OCI 6011
20 May 1952
UN patrols at several points made contact with scattered enemy patrols of
platoon size probing across the entire front. All friendly divisions maintained
their positions.
Navy
UN naval air and surface craft continued to maintain a blockade of both
coasts, and attacked Communist supply lines.
Air
UN air actlIrity was light. Of 621 sorties flown, 326 were combat. UN
bombers attacked a road and railroad bridge south of Sunchon in northwest Korea.
II. Military Intelligence
Naval
Interrogation of North Korean prisoners taken in the Wonsan area reveals
that the enemy is planning to attack Yodo (Island) in Wonsan harbor. Reportedly
80 sampans, each able to carry 80 men, are in the Hodopando area north of Yodo and
currently engaged in fishing. These vessels will mass at an undetermined location
for loading immediately prior to the planned attack on Yodo. (The enemy managed
to make a aucessful surprise raid on one of the UN-held islands in Wonsan bay late
in 1951. The latest Communist east coast amphibious venture was the 20 February
attack on Yangdo off Songjin which ended in defeat. Current indications point to
a future enemy attempt to capture both Yodo and Yru4;;d0.)
III. General Situation
and 85
Propaganda
Press reports of 20 May state that one Communist prisoner of war was killed
wounded in a new clash between POWs and the United Nans troops guarding
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them, The latest riot occurred in a Pusan camp and broke out over resistance to
medical attention being given the prisoners. One American guard was slightly hurt.
(Previous press accounts have given the impression that fanatic Communist prisoners
were confined to Koje Island and that anti-Communist prisoners had been removed to
the Pusan area.)
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OCI 6012
21 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ground
Minor probes and clashes of squad and platoon strength characterized action
across the front. All UN divisions maintained their positions.
Navy
UN naval aircraft and surface vessels maintained the blockade of both North
Korean coasts. Air action on the east coast was limited by the weather.
Air ?
UN aircraft flew 975 sorties including 601 combat missions. Of a total of
38 NIG-15's observed, 30 were encountered. Eight NIG's were reported destroyed while
two F-86b were lost.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the last 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The US Embassy reports that between 1,000 and 1,500 persons attended a care?
fully prepared mass meeting in Pusan on 19 May sponsored by vnri_ous "anomalous
patriotic organizations" presumably associated with Rhee's Liberal Party. Follow?
ing speeches denouncing Assembly member So Ninho (who, allegedly in self?defense,
killed a South Korean army officer) and "Assembly men who oppose the people's will,"
.the crowd marched to the capitol grounds where the Assembly was in session,
Heavily armed police, however, prevented any violence.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
COI 6013
22 May 1952
Two probing attacks by the enemy on the central and eastern fronts were
repulsed by UN forces.
Navy
Naval surface units on the east coast bombarded targets in a railroad and
harbor area at Chaho. Results were unobserved. Naval air units attacked enemy
supply lines near the west coast.
Air
UN aircraft flew 1,054 effective sorties, 631 of which were combat.
Bombers attacked Sinhung4Oong, but no significant fighter action was reported.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the last 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Economic
A recent North Korean cabinet decision, according to Radio Pyongyang, calls
for the loan of food to 6,000 farmers in the Kaesong area who are "suffering from
disaster." Approximately 218,700 pounds of grain and 820 gallons of seed grains
have been given to the "afflicted farmers in the liberated area," it is reported.
(Intelligence reports indicate that the ?Kaesong area has suffered acutely from
food shortages, due primarily to a shortage of experienced farm laborers.)
Propaganda
In a 17 May broadcast, radio Pyongyang noted "partial defects" in the anti?
epidemic campaign being waged in North Korea against the "germ atrocities of the
enemy." The coming of summer, the broadcast notes, will intensifyoepuch faults as
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issuance of certificates of disinfection at random and failure to boil water and
to sweep out dwellings. The listeners are exhorted that "hatred of the enemy
scheme (BW campaign) should be aroused." (A. third summer under conditions of
modern war will make hard?hit North Korea particularly vulnerable to summer
diseases such as typhoid and cholera.)
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OCI 6014
23 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
LEMIE
Company and platoon size probes against ROK units in the west highlighted
enemy action. On the rest of the front only scattered probes and patrol clashes
occurred.
Navy
US naval surface units maintained the blockade of both North Korean coasts.
Air units continued to interdict enemy supply installations.
Air
UN aircraft flew 1,120 sorties including 758 combat) but no significant
fighter action was reported. Ten bombers attacked railroad installations north of
Sunchon.
II. Military Intelligence
.ksz
The Far East Command reported on 22 May that as of 17 May the North Korean
and Chinese Communist armies in Korea had suffered 1,608,988 casualties. These
include 480,170 killed, 995,186 wounded and non-battle casualties, and 133,632
prisoners of war.
III. General Situation
Political
25X1C anti-
legislative riots, similar to the 19 May riot g 'n t Assemblyman o Minho were
scheduled or 23 May by the ROK government. It is believed that Ho Chong and
0 Wi-yong, prominent anti-Rhee assemblymen, will be singled out for "assassination."
(No riots are reported to have occurred on 23 May. It is possible, however, that
President Rhee gave at least tacit consent to the 19 May riot and will be i ormed
of future anti-Assembly disturbances before they occur.)
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Propaganda
Radio Peiping maintained its standard attack against the UN's prisoner-of-
war stand in two 22 May broadcasts, but also devoted considerable time to personal
attacks on Admiral Joy. One broadcast predicted that "Harrison, the two-star
general who stepped into Joy's shoes today, may yet write one of the darkest
chapters of the armistice negotiations."
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OCI 6015
24 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
An enemy platoon-sized probe four miles southeast of Yuusil, which was re-
pulsed by elements of the 8th ROK Division, high lighted action across the front.
Elsewhere scattered patrol skirmishes were reported.
Navy
UN naval air sorties totaled 246. Surface units continued to blockade
and bombard both the east and west coasts.
Air
During the period, UN aircraft flew 1012 sortie of which 650 were combat.
No enemy fighters were encountered.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
The Far East Command reported on 23 May that the 60th Chinese Communist
Army appears to have made a southeasterly deployment to positions in the rear
of the 15th Chinese Communist Army. The 60th was formerly located northeast
of Singye, in western Korea. (The proximity of the 60th to the battle line of
the 15th suggests that another relief may soon take place. It is to be noted,
however, that until the relief occurs, a strong offensive potential will exist
In the central sector near Pyonggang.)
III. General Situation
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Economic
The index of all retail commodity prices in Pusan rose only two percent
during the week ending 10 May, according to US observers in Korea. The retail
price of rice, however, rose ten percent during the period making a total rise
of 186 percent since 1 January. (Increased supplies of consumer goods for
resale and frequent ROK governmental measures have been largely ineffectual in
controlling the rice price, which in turn influences all other retail prices.
The scarcity of rice supplies is the main factor causing the price increase;
this is compounded by hoarding, black market activities, and inadequate facilities
for distribution.)
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CCI 6016
26 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arnv
An estimAted two companies of enemy troops, supported by a 35-minute
artillery barrage, attacked UN positions in the vicinity of Mabang on the western
front. US units maintained their positions. ElseWhere only minor patrol actions
were reported.
Li=
US naval surface vessels maintained the blockade of both North Korean
coasts. Surface units bombarded targets in the Wonsan area. Naval aircraft con-
tinued to interdict enemy supply installations.
Air
UN aircraft flew 1108 sorties including 673 combat missions. During the
period 37 NIG-15b were engaged by US 5th Air Force fighters. Four 14IG-15's were
destroyed while one was damaged. No friendly airplanes were destroyed.
II. Military Intelligence
Guerrilla Activitz
On 24 May the ROK Defense Minister announced that emergency martial law
will be re-instituted in various areas of North and South Cholla and South
Kyongsang provinces. Martial law had been previously lifted to create and main-
tain a free atmosphere during the recent local elections. The South Korean offi-
cial stated, however, that "the Communist remnants, taking advantage of the with-
drawal of martial law, are active in some areas." (Since the termination of
Operation Ratkiller on 14 March, there have been indications that the Communists
are attempting to rebuild their guerrilla forces in South Korea.)
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III. General Situation
Political
Radio Pusan announced on 24 May that 71 Bumsuk has been appointed Minister
of Home Affairs succeeding "Montana" Chang Sukyun? who was "released from his
duties at his own request." (Rhee had reportedly become provoked over Chang's
actions in unduly antagonizing members of the National Assembly. Yl, a member of
the "palace guard" and vice-chairman of the President's Liberal Party, is currently
Rheels favorite protege.)
Ambassador Mucci? reports that National Assembly members questioned the
Prime Minister and two other cabinet members on 23 May in connection with the re-
cent anti-Assembly demonstrations, the latest of which was in progress at the time.
The Ambassador comments that the opposition members are definitely apprehensive
both as to their personal safety and the fate of constitutional government in the
ROK. The ugly aspects of the current demonstrations against the Assembly members
are the principal reasons for their reported decision to hold the presidential
elections within tio weeks.
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001 6017
27 Nay 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AE1E
Except for probing attempts by enemy platoons against the 1st ROK Division
on the western front, ground action was characterized by patrol clashes. On the
eastern front heavy enemy artillery firing continued.
Navy
Naval air units destroyed freight cars, gasoline dumps and a railroad
bridge at Wonsan. Surface vessels maintained the blockade of both coasts.
Air
During the past 24 hours UN aircraft flew 980 sorties which included 87 re-
connaissance and 619 combat missions. Ten UN bombers again attacked the railroad
bridge at Sinhong-dong. Two 1IG-151s were engaged. One MIG15 was destroyed with-
out friendly damage.
II. Military Intelligence
The Far East Command reports the 25X1X
southward movement of large numbers of Chinese Communist troops along the coastal
route of northeast Korea. These troops, armed with the latest weapons, move at
night. Naval pilots report the southward movement of "hundreds of oxcarts" in the
vicinity of Hungnam. FECOM comments that no Chinese Communist units are currently
accepted in northeast Korea nor have there been any reports of their presence there
in great numbers. (These reports, if true, would suggest that additional Chinese
troops are being moved into Korea from Manchuria by the circuitous northeastern
route in order to avoid 5th Air Force harassment.)
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III. General Situation
Propaganda
Soviet, Chinese, Hungarian, Mongolian and North Korean delegates to a
"Coordinating Conference for Victory over the Anglo-American Imperialist Invasion
of Korea" convened on 4 May at the North Korean Foreign Office building, according
to information provided by a secretly anti-Communist North Korean. While no
immediate program was adopted, the conference decided to establish committees to
investigate purported UN war crimes and atrocities. The conference allegedly was
called under Soviet instructions in order to prepare propaganda material for
eevel Communist-sponsored peace conventions this summer.
Political
The US Embassy reports that since early on 25 May, President Rhee has taken
a series of high-handed actions towards the political opposition. Four Assemblymen
have been arrested and 15 or 16 other opposition members are in hiding.
The imposition of martial law by the ROK Military Police has been used as
an excuse for this action. Some 44 Aeeemblymen were held incommunicado by the
Military Police on 26 May. The recently appointed Prime Minister, Chang, finding
has telephone wires cut and himself under virtual arrest, has resigned.
The UN Commission for Unification and Rehabilitation in Korea called on
Rhee on 26 May and expressed a sense of shock at this series of events. The
President was unimpressed. The US anbasey is under the impression that the Presi-
dent is operating on the assumption that the UN and the United States will not
intervene and will sit by and watch the demise of democratic government in Korea.
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8 nay 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
10 flilitary Operations
ArigY
UN forces captured a hill position on the extreme western end of the front
after a three-hour engagement with the enemy. Action along the remainder of the
front was characterized by enemy platoon-size probings and artillery shelling.
Navy
Naval surface units attacked enemy supply installations, including billeting
areas near the mouth of the Yalu.
Air
UN aircraft flew 723 sorties including 77 reconnaissance and 401 combat
missions. Only two airborne MIG-151s were observed during the period. One 1IG-15
was destroyed. No significant bombing operations were reported.
110 Military Intelligence
Air
The Far East Comeand on 27 May estimated that the enemy s a total of
1415 aircraft _Passed in ninehLria and that this overwhelming elperiority gives
him a major offensive capability. The home bares of UN F-86 a, as well as the
headquarters of both our ground and air forces in Korea, are well the
coat radius of the 350 jet and 35 piston fighters based at Antung, Tatungkon,
Takushan and Silrliju. Only a few miles farther inland on the Anshan-Mukden air-
fields, 30 light bombers, 240 jet and 85 piston fighters are in position to pro-
vide support as well as additional shock power for a striking force.
Although there are no indications of an impending air offensive, FECOM notes
that the Communists have sufficient aircraft, personnel, air facilities and logis-
tic support to launch an offensive without warning in which UN planes, crowded on
Kimpo and Suwon airfiel/e, Ito -Cid quite possibly sustain more than 50 percent de-
struction from the initial ttack. Such losses would necessitate forfeiture of
offensive aerial superiority in favor of defense tactics.
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III. General Situat4
Political
azing the course of a call paid to President Rhee by General Van Fleet
and DE Charge Lightner, the South Korean chief executive indicated that ROK Army
Chief of Staff Lee is being removed for implication in the "plot" against Rhee.
In reply to Lightnorls comments that the world would view present develop?
ments in Pusan as drastic police measures designed to prevent the legislature from
proceeding, Rhee stated that "gangsters" had obtained control of the Assembly.
The President claimed, however, that within two months a duly elected National
Assembly could be operative since the principal traitors in the Assembly would
be put out of the way and their places taken by true representatives of the
people.
The Embassy comments that while Rhee no doubt has a large popular following,
most of the potential leadership of South Korea such as the intellectuals,
businessmen, an increasing number of government officials and army officers would
welcome a change. Few are willing to take a positive stand under present cir?
cumstances. Rhee is determined to get rid of his enemies at all costs. The
EMbassy believes that further informal representations will be ineffective and
stronger action seems required.
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OCI 6019
29 May 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
UR patrols and raiding parties on the western front encountered stubborn
resistance and heavy mortar fire before forcing the enemy into a local withdrawal.
Enemy patrols were active on the eastern front.
Ne_im
Naval surface units maintained the blockade of both eoasts. The interdic-
tion of supply routes by naval aircraft was also continued.
Air
Of a total of 830 sorties flown by UN forces during the period there were
72 reconnaissance and 456 combat missions. Preliminary reports indicate that
three NIG-l5ls were destroyed.
110 Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The UN Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea on the
evening of 28 May delivered a statement of its views to President Rhee. Noting
that the National Assembly had voted, in accordanne with Constitutional prevision,
for the lifting of martial law, UNCURK recommended an end to the emergency state
in Pusan and the release of all arrested Assemblymen. (The Assembly voted 96 to
3 on 28 May for the rescinding of martial law. Rhee, however, has so far Ignored
the vote.)
The local news blackout on the South Korean political situation ended on
28 May as most Pusan newspapers not directly affiliated with the government
carried accounts of the arrest of Assemblymen. Most accounts were reasonably com-
plete but cautiously worded as the press and radio continued to be subject to
government censorship.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Ar_Ex
CCI 6020
31 May 1952
Probing action by enemy patrols of up to company size constituted the
ground activity across the front for the last 48 hours. Friendly divisions
maintained their positions.
HEX
UN air and naval craft raintained blockade action on both coasts.
Air
On 29 May UN aircraft flew 768 missions) including 424 co at flights.
No MIG 's were encountered. On 30 May) UN aircraft flew 388 effective sorties
including 112 combat and 227 transport flights. Six MI1-15's were encountered
and two were destroyed while one F-51 was lost.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours.
General Situation
Political
President Rhee informed the American Charge on 30 May that martiallaw
In the Pusan area would be lifted "shortly."
During the same conversation) when the American official pointed out
that all the arrested assemblymen were members of Rhee's opposition) the
President angrily accused the United States and UNCURK of Interfering in ROK
internal affairs.
Radio Pusan announced on 31 May that two more members of the National
Assembly have been arrested. The number of Assemblymen now arrested or imn
prisoned totals eleven.
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ROK Vice-president and opposition leader Kim Songsul was admitted as a
patient aboard a US Navy hospital ship on 29 May after he issued a resounding
25)(6 denunciation of the Rhee regime. The US Charge comments that the American
Embassy and Navy are therefore open to charges by Rhee of harboring an enem
of state.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
OCI 6021
2 June 1952
63-
THE C.I.A. RASr7.7!7T111
THIS DOCUMENT.
I. Military. Operations
No.0
= Ljuirj2za_____c2
Enemy ,platoon size patrols continued :their probing action across the entire
front. All friendly nits in contact maintained their positions.
Navy
UN air and surface naval units maintained the blockade of both Korean
coasts.
Air
UN aircraft flew 751 effective sorties during the last 24 hours, of Which
39/ were combat missions. No MIG-15's were reported as encountered or destroyed.
II, Military Intelligence
25X1C
several Chinese Communist soldiers of the 65th
Army staeu na &nat unit and the 64th Argy are soon to be replaced in Korea by
"newer-trained Chinese armies." (These two armies have been in action since the
Chinese entered Korea.)
III, General Situation
? Political
The American Charge reports that sone ROK officials, particularly among
the military, are now not so sure that Rhee will win the current dispute. The
three Chiefs of Staff are urging the Defense Minister to restore civil authority
in Pusan "to get the Army out of it." Opposition leaders claim that some of
the Assemblymen who supported Rhee two weeks ago have now crossed over to his
opponents.
According to a Reuters dispatch from Pusan the ROK Government yesterday
accused its allied. of "interfering with internal affairs" and threatened to oust
all UK agencies. An official ROK spokesman declared that two American organiza-
tions and a UN agency "had interested themselves beyond their Jurisdiction."
,The seven provincial assemblies have passed resolutions declaring that the
National Assembly has lost the confidence of the nation, and that new general
elections should be held as soon as possible. The assemblies also approved the
establishment of martial law in Pusan and opposed interference by foreign powers
in ROK internal affairs.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Arm
OCI 6022
3 June 1952
Ground action across the entire front was characterized by scattered
probes by enemy and friendly troops. All UN units maintained their positions.
Navy
UN naval surface units attacked railroad and other supply facilities
while maintaining the blockade of both Korean coasts. No naval air action was
reported.
Air
During the past 24 hours UN and US aircraft flew 1,011 sorties of which
647 were combat missions. For the second straight day no enemy fighters were
reported as encountered orbstroyed.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
UN pilots on 25 May observed eight unidentified aircraft, probably jet
type, which appeared to be larger than the MIG fighter. Far East Air Force
comments that on the basis of this and previous reports of the existence in
the Far East of a Soviet fighter larger than the NIG-15, the Russians may be
preparing to combat test either an improved version of the MIG or a new jet
fighter.
III. General Situation
Political
Rhee has directed Prime Minister Chang to issue an ultimatum to opposi-
tion Assemblymen that they must agree to his direct election amendment to the
constitution by 3 Juno or he will dissolve the Assembly. The Prime Minister
informed American officials that the opposition is standing firm against this
dictation. He also stated that he would refuse to signTit:ecdro7dZno:
the Assembly, and expects to be fired.
TO T:11; rr-"
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'A'SI
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American Charge Lightner, after a conversation with members of the UN
Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea, reports that pur?
suit of a tentative UNCURK plan to invite President Rhee and key members of
the opposition to a joint conference under its auspices would now be useless.
He said that the President would not be deterred from his present course by
normal diplomatic approaches while the Assembly would accept no compromise
which included Rhee in the government.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Army
001- 6023
4 June 1952
Friendly patrols on the central front were in 20 instances engaged by
enemy forces of platoon strength. Enemy probing on the western front increased
during the period, but no enemy action was reported from the eastern front.
Naval air and surface units maintained the blockade of both Korean
coasts, attacking enemy lines of communication and supply.
Air
UN air activity was light. During the period 338 sorties were flown in-
cluding 146 Combat missions. NO fighter action was reported.
Military Intelligence
Ground
Far East Command reports that the presence of elements of the 40th
Chinese Communist Forces Army in the 64th CCF Army area is revealed by documents
taken from the body of a Chinese soldier which identified him as belonging to
the 119th Division of the 40th Army. It is noted by FECOM, however, that despite
"strong indications" that elements of the 119th Division are in the sector
previously occupied by the 190th Division, there is at present insufficient evi-
dence to warrant a change from currently accepted dispositions of the ?two armies.
General Situation
Political
A press service states that Britain has joined the United States in pro-
tests to President Rhee over political developments in Pusan.
In a very vaguely worded 2 June press release, Rhee notes rumors, which
he credits to "anti-government factions," that "BS aid will be cut out unless the
wave of political fire dies down." He comments that all Koreans are determined
TUE I . A- RAS
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not to yield their right to independence even under the threat of starvation.
Rhee concludes that "all friendly nations" will give assistance "for the sake of
righteousness rather than for the sake of certain individuals or groups."
Propaganda
Radio Pyongyang on the four days beginning 25 May broadcast the court
trial of four North Korean "traitors" who committed many alleged barbarities in
collusion with American imperialists during the UN occupation of North Korea. (In
"proving" the blackness of Americans, the propaganda broadcast details of how
35,000 North Koreans were exterminated in one countor during the Occupation. In
contrast to these American activities, Radio Pyongyang on 28 May described the
efforts of a Rumanian medical team among Korean school children.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
OCI 6024
5.June 1952
Ground operations across the front were limited to clashes between UN and
enemy patrols and minor probing actions. An unspecified number of enemy tanks
were observed near Punji on the western front.
Etta
UN naval and air units continued to bombard enemy supply lines and rear
installations on both coasts.
Air
Of 844 effective sorties flown by UN aircraft during the past 24 hours,
545 were combat missions. UN fighter patrols observed airborne NIG-15's in the
Yalu River area. Only two of these were engaged. No NIG-15 nor friendly losses
were reported.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
A UN F-51 pilot on 31 May, while observing two NIG-15's or Type-151s which
were probably on a reconnaissance mission, stated that one of the enemy planes
fired what appeared to be two rockets. Fifth Air Force comments that this is
the first observation of the possible use of rockets by NIG-type aircraft in
Korea, and it is possible that the Communists are experimenting with rockets on
such planes for use in a ground attack role. Far East Air Force states that
the Soviets have the capability of mounting such rockets on NIG1s and that they
are fully conscious of the advantages of this type of weapon in both an air-to-
air and air-to-ground role.
Far East Command reports two new Communist airstrips unaer construction in
the east central front area. No aircraft have been noted on either strip. There
appear to be objects such as low bushes scattered over the runways with a possible
attempt at camouflage.
FECOM comments that the two new strips could be used by Communist light
aircraft in night intruder or heckler missions against front line pos tions.
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Information
III. General Situation
Cease-fire
Two North Korean prisoners of war captured during the middle of May report-
ed that their officers are telling the troops that the armistice talks have failed
because the UN persists in fighting. The US Eighth Army comments that up to now
some hope of an eventilnl armistice had usually been expressed by Communist brief-
ing officers, and these are the first statements of flat failure.
Political
American Charge Lightner reports that although President Rhee backed down
on his 3 June threat to dissolve the AsseMbly? he is achieving the same result
through the maintenance of martial law, the retention of the imprisoned Assembly-
men, and threats of more arrests and violence to those Assemblymen who might
come out of hiding to attend Assembly meetings.
The Speaker of the Assembly stated on 4 June that 11 members of the Assembly
are under arrest, 20 knowh to be in hiding, the 52 pro-Rhee members are under
orders to boycott sessions, 83 members of the opposition are in attendance while
the whereabouts of the remaining 15 is unknown. A quorum of 92 is necessary to
do business and two thirds of the total number is necessary to elect the President.
(Reuters reports that the Assembly met on 5 June with 93 present, the first
time a quorum has been present since 2 June. It may be that Rheets tactics have
changed, since in a 4 June public statement he threatened the Assembly with dis-
solution in a few days if they failed to "settle the issues.")
Propaganda
Radio Pyongyang announced on 3 June that the North Korean regime has de-
cided to participate in the Olympic games in Helsinki on 8 July.
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00I 6025
6 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operation
AEMY
There was little ground action across the Korean front. The most note-
worthy activity occurred on the eastern front, where the enemy repulsed a UN
raiding party with heavy artillery fire.
Navy
Naval action was again marked by surface and air attacks in support of
the coastal blockade of Korea, as well as by the harassing of enemy lines of
communication and supply.
Air
UN aircraft flew 957 effective sorties. Combat missions comprised 582
of the total flights. For the third straight day the Far East Air Force failed
to report any significant fighter action.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
A recently-captured Chinese prisoner of war stated that a movement against
rank-consciousness exists in the Chinese Coma:mist forles. When an officer mi
treats a soldier, according to the POW, the officer is punished in the same
manner as violators of the "San Fan" campaign. ("San Fan" was aimed principally
at corruption, waste and bureaucracy in Chinese military and civilian organiza-
tions. It is conceivable, therefore, that maltreatment of enlisted men by of-
ficers might be interpreted as military bureaucratiam. Evidence is lacking,
however, of widespread hostility between officers and men in the Chinese Com-
munist Forces.)
III. General Situation
Political
Charge Lightner in Pusan reports that a South Korean Government publicity
release of 4 June was his first indication that the mass demonstrations scheduled
for 7 June in Pusan had been postponed. On 3 June Rhee threatened his cabinet
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with the demonstration and march on Pusan and told Lightner they would take
place.
The Charge comments that while the immediate reason for the delay may be
the hope that the Assembly is sufficiently intimidated to submit, Rhee may also
be aware of the incongruity of disorders in a city under martial law and the
possibility that the UN might be forced to take action to safeguard the port.
Charge Lightner reports that intimidation of the press) and not censor?
ship, is being used as the chief Rhee weapon to control papers and to produce
copy favorable to the administration. As examples of the technique, the Charge
cites the 25 May token raid by hoodlums on one paper and the arrest of the chief
editor of the principal opposition daily for "passing false rumors." The editor
was released shortly after a USIS officer inquired about the incident.
A positive propaganda approach by the administration is seen in the
variety of posters appearing throughout Pusan, attributed to the White Skeleton
Society, urging dissolution of the Assembly and opposing the reliance of
"traitors" on foreign intervention.
Economic
Economic development in the Republic of Korea has been at a virtual
standstill during the current political turmoil. South Korean officials have
made no effort to implement the recently concluded Unified Command?ROK economic
agreement, and Finance Minister Paek has even intimated that financial settle?
ments might not be made at all.
Meanwhile, the ROK has taken no positive steps to implement the tungsten
agreement signed two months ago. The US Embassy comments that one of the reasons
for this inaction by ROK officials is undoubtedly to embarrass the United States
"for interfering in Korean internal affairs."
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CCI 6026
June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ai
Brief probes and patrol contacts characterized the action across the front.
In the western sector a company-sized UN raiding party occupied an objective and
then repulsed an enemy counterattack.
Navy
UN surface units continued to maintain the blockade of both Korean coasts-.
'Naval air sorties totaled 269.
Air
UN aircraft under FEAF control flew 1,169 sorties including 580 combat
missions. Seven MIG-15ts were destroyed and two damaged. No UN planet were
lost.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground .
Five North Korean "youths" in a small boat who Surrendered to a US
Navy vessel five miles at sea clslmed to be members of an underground movement
fleeing from the Communists. They asserted they bad avoided conscription during
the past year by hiding in the hills. (Previous reports indicate that there are
some small dissident groups in North Korea. Bowever, rigid governmental secur-
ity measures and a lack of coordination on the part of the disaffected groups
seriously curtail the possible scope of their activities.)
III. General Situation
Propaganda
Radio Pyongyang on 1 June issued a lengthy propaganda statement on the
current South Korean political turmoil. Quoting liberally from various US
and foreign press services, the Communist organ played up the arrest of
T:I7 C. I. A. HA: i NO 07 TECTION
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Assemblymen, the imposition of martial law, and public demonstrations* The
broadcast concluded that "pyngman Rheei arChtraitor vho must face stern judg-
ment by the 30 million Korean people,-;.**is now throwing his shameful fate into
a grave which he himself has dug*" (This is the first known propaganda reference
to the present. political situation in South Korea* Ifte,Communist-media are
expected, however, to become increasingly vocal on this subject.)
Political
Ambassador MUccio came away from his first visit with President Rhee
since returning to Korea with the impression that Rhee will continue adamant*
-A leader of the opposition group in the Assembly is reported by a
Nationalist Chinese news agency to have stated that no matter whet happens
present Assembly Will not re-elect Rhee*
the
It now appears that the mass demonstrations originally scheduled for
rrAime will take place within the next few days, although the number of persons
involved will be smaller than anticipated* American officials in outlying
areas report that groups are being assembled for the journey to Pusan.
Although these groups have reportedly been ordered to avoid violence, various
forms of pressure on the Assemblymen can be expected*
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OCI 6027
9 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ground
Enemy activity during the last 24 hours was confined to scattered patrol
clashes across the front. All UN divisions maintained their positions,
Nar
UN naval air and surface forces maintained the blockade of both Korean
coasts and attacked enemy lines of communication.
Air
Of 877 effective sorties flown by UN aircraft during the period, 544 were
combat missions-. No enemy fighter action was reported.
II. Military Intelligence
The Far Fast Command accepts, as of 7 June, the relief of two front-line
divisions of the 64th Chinese Communist Army by two divisions of the Chinese
Communist 40th Army. The 64th Army will now be carried, location unconfirmed,
behind the battle line in the vicinity of Kumchon.
III. General Situation
Political
According to a Reuters dispatch, Preeident Rhee on 8 June issued a com-
promise proposal for settlement of the political crisis. Rhee proposed that
the President be elected by the Assembly this year, and by popular vote in the
future. He further demanded immediate approval of his plan for a bicameral
legislature.
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TO THT DZC1ASSIFICATION OF
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Propaganda
Peiping, pyongyang and Moscow radios are making increasing references
to the current political strife in South Korea, The Communist organs Claim
that the imposition of martial law is a result of increased guerrilla activi?
ties throughout South Korea.
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CCI 6028
10 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military !Operations
ainZ
A Chinese Communist battalion launched a one hour attack against ROK positione
in central Korea, while other Chinese elements, supported by nearly 1,000 rounds of
mortar and artillery fire, probed US positions in west central Korea. Brief probes
and patrol clashes characterized action on the rest of the front.
?
UN naval air and surface craft attacked enemy lines of communications and
coastal troop installations on the east and West coasts. The UN blockade was maintained?
Air
Land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 19076 sorties of
which 658 were combat. Medium bombers raided an enemy railroad bridge in northeastern
Korea. No air-to-air combat was reported.
II. Military Intelligence
' Ground
The relief of the 12th Chinese Communist Army, previously on the line in the
central sector, by the 60th CCF Army has been accepted by Far East Command? The
relieved 12th will now be carried in immediate supporting distance of the front?
The 12th, 15th and 60th Armies comprising the 3rd Army Group are now concentrated
within a specified sector of the front?
Far East Command has also accepted the forward displacement of the CCF 38th
Army from the Sunchon area to the vicinity of Ichon.
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III. General Situation
Political
The first in a series of Pusan mass meetings demanding dissolution of the
National Assembly and adoption of the Rhee-sponsored constitutional amendments was
held on 9 June. The meeting was a dismal failure, with only 400-500 persons attendingp
most of whom dropped out during the march to the Presidents residence.
President Rheegs reaction to the UNCURK letter of 7 June offering the Commissiongs
assistance was negative. Rhee was not interested in compromise, stating that the
Assembly was "coming around" and would finally agree to his amendments.
25X1C
25X1C
Yl Pam-sok,
present ns er o lute ee s executive in the current imbroglio, will
soon replace Sgin Tae-yong as Minister of Defense. (The moving of Yl. Pom-sok into this
post may be an attempt by Rhee to forestall developing anti-Rhee sentiment in high army
circles.)
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OCI 6029
11 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
14, Military Operation
ALM
For the second straight day the enemy aggressively probed UN positions
in west central and east central Korea. An estimated Chinese company, supported
by over 4,000 rounds of mortar and artillery fire, and by fire from armored ve-
hicles, made minor penetrations in positions of the US 45th Division near Mabang
in the west. After a two hour fight the enemy withdrew.
In the east near Yulsa, the ROK Capital Division received a company size
probing attack causing the withdrawal of a ROK outpost position. Minor probes
and patrols occurred along the rest of the front,
Navy
UN naval surface units shelled Communist coastal installations and trans-
portation routes along both coasts, while naval aircraft attacked similar ob-
jectives.
Air
Only 237 combat sorties were flown in the 589 effective sorties flown
by UN land based aircraft. Fifteen medium bombers were scheduled for various
night missions in North Korea. Tan of these attacked a railroad bridge over
the Chongchon River under bright moonlight conditions. Three were aggressively
attacked by enemy fighters with a resultant loss of two B-29's and damage to
the other UN aircraft.
Military Intelligence
;or
During the week ending 8 June, Communist MIG-15 pilots initiated only
two of the reported 16 encounters with UN Sabre jets, a marked contrast to the
enemy's aggressiveness during the previous six weeks. Far East Air Force
comments that the high number of kills scored by friendly pilots on 6 June
(7 MIGs destroyed) and lack of aggressiveness may indicate that a new Commu-
nist unit has entered combat,
TImrA PAS
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1110 General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio reports that the National Assembly failed to achieve
a quorum on 10 June, with only 89 members present.
Malice station every morning for questioning, while several other members
a quorum in the future is doubtful. Two or three members are summoned to
have received visits from plain-clothes detectives in the last two days in an
apparent intimidation attempt. Five members were unable to return to Pusan on
10 June because of "car trouble."
The US Military Attache has been informed that Col. "Snake" Kim, Chief
of the South Korean Army CIC, generally considered a loyal supporter of the
President, submitted information to the ROK Acting Chief of Staff on 9 June
that no evidence has been uncovered to link the 12 arrested Assemblymen with
a Communist plot. Kim reported that Rhee is aware of this but that a release
would be difficult, since the President would have to admit the original ar-
rests were a mistake. (This type of report seems out of character for Kim in
view of his loyalties and may represent a maneuver on the part of Rhee or his
underlings.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI I9030
12 June 1952
Action was again heavy on 11 June in the Mabang area of the west central
front held by the US 45th Division. A Chinese battalion, preceded by a heavy
concentration of artillery and mortar and accompanied in their attack by barrage
fire, engaged US outpost positions. The enemy withdrew after a one hour fight
and an artillery duel. At midnight another attack, later repelled, was launched
on a 45th Division outpost. A US battalion raiding party met determined re-
sistance southeast of Mabang early in the morning of 12 June.
Navy
UN surface vessels bombarded enemy installations on both the east and
west coasts of North Korea. Although naval air units on the east coast were
not airborne, aircraft from the light carrier "Bataan" attacked west coast
installations south of Pyongyang.
Air
UN aircraft under Far East Air Force flew 977 effective sorties, of which
520 were combat. Medium bombers attacked transportation targets on the east
coast. Twenty-seven Communist MIG-151s were airborne on the afternoon of 11 June.
Nine were encountered with three destroyed.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
Just before noon on 11 June, UN F-86 pilots observed 130 swept-wing air-
craft on Antung, Tatungkuo, and Takushan airfields. Two swept-wing planes were
also observed on Sinuiju airfield (not ordinarily used by enemy jets).
One of the US B-291s lost yesterday in a night raid over northwestern
Korea was apparently destroyed by hits from air-to-air rockets fired by a MIG-15.
Far East Air Force observes that while there have been other reports of enemy
use of air-to-air rockets in Korea, this is the first instanco where they were
used by MIG-151s. FEAF adds, in respect to this 10 June night encounter, that
this is the first confirmed loss of a UN aircraft to enemy night fighter activity
and that the attack was a "well planned, integrated effort with seeming ground-
to-air and air-to-air coordination." tolv
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III. General Situation
Propaganda
The current South Korean political crisis was exploited by Radio Moscow
in a 10 June broadcast in German as showing the nature of the nantipopular
character of the US terror regime in South Korea" and illustrating "the type of
democracy in whose name the US and British interventionist are laying waste"
Korea. (While no major theme is developed in the broadcast, this is the first
noted exploitation of the ROK imbroglio by the USSR.)
Political
According to a late press dispatch some 10,000 people gathered in Pusan
on 12 June to demonstrate in favor of President Rhee. The demonstrators claimed
the National Assembly was both "corrupt and traitorous." No violence was re-
ported.
Ambassador Mucci? reports that the reconvened court martial trial of
So Min-ho, opposition National Assemblyman accused of the murder of a South
Korean Army captain, gives an Embassy observer the impression that So will be
convicted as a symbol of Rheels political opposition. This assumption is based
on such reasons as the detention of So incommunicado, the replacement of the
two civilian and one military judge after the beginning of the trial and the
court declaration that the jurisdictional powers of the martial law commander
and the court martial are unlimited.
The Manager of the Pusan radio station was ordered by Dr. Clarence Ryee,
South Korean Public Information Director, on 11 June to discontinue all Voice
of America relays over the Korean Broadcasting System effective 12 June. (The
actual reason for the ban is undoubtedly connected with a statement made by
Ryee to US officials that the South Korean Government is preparing a formal pro-
test to the State Department. The note allegedly will object to VOA commentary
featuring press editorials criticizing President Rhee as a "dictator.")
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 6031
13 June 1952
Evidencing defensive and offensive capabilities, enemy battalions offered
stubborn resistance to UN raiding parties and launched attacks supported by a
heavy volume of artillery and mortar. Most of the action took place near Mabang
on the western front and Tuchon in the central sector.
Navy
UN surface units continued to blockade and bombard both Korean coasts.
Naval air sorties, totalling 244, were concentrated in the Songjin-Wonsan area.
Air
During the 24-hour period, UN aircraft flew 925 sorties including 539
combat. No enemy fighters were engaged. Early morning visual reconnaissance
revealed 10 aircraft on Antung, 60 on Tatungkou and 60 on Takushan.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
Based on the statements of recently-captured prisoners of war, Far East
Command has accepted the relief of the 42nd Chinese Communist Army by the 38th.
The 42nd, which was previously on the line, is now carried in the immediate
Guerrilla
Far East Command reports that Communist guerrilla strength in South Korea
is at its lowest ebb since the beginning of the Korean war. It is noted, however,
that despite the indicated reduction in overall strength, captured agents and
line crossers reveal that the enemy has not relaxed his efforts to rebuild the
guerrilla organization which was badly shattered last winter during Operation
Ratkiller. (Infrequent guerrilla attacks tend to confirm the fact that the
Communist partisans, on orders from Pyongyang, are devoting their efforts to
augmenting and reorganizing their five branches in South Korea.)
(9 3-
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III. General Situation
Political
The Chief of Staff of the ROK 9th Division has reported that a serious
morale situation is developing, particularly among junior officers, as a result
of recent Korean political events. (While similar reports have been received
on the morale of staff and headquarters officers, this is the first such report
from a combat unit.)
Radio Pusan announced on 9 June that during the period 16 June to 15 July
amnesty would be granted to all stragglers, AWOLts and deserters who desire to
serve again. The surrender places are the martial law headquarters in Pusan,
military police stations, and other locations. (Surrenders under previous
amnesty programs have been at police stations. The inclusion of the martial
law headquarters on this occasion suggests an attempt to augment the troop
strength available to the provost marshal in Pusan, whose requests for addi-
tional troops have been denied.)
Cease-fire Talks
Radio Peiping reported on 11 June that two UN military aircraft violated
the cease-fire security zone in the vicinity of Panmunjom on 7 June.
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OCI 6032
14 June 52
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
US troops from the 45th Division took two hills in the Mabang area of the
west central sector following a vigorous Chinese defense. Strong enemy night-time
probes against the two positions were repulsed. On the central front, Chineee
troopain company strength probed ROK positions near Kumsong. Minor patrol clashes
occurred along the rest've the line.
?
Navy
UN naval aircraft and surface vessels continued the blockade of both
North Korean coasts.
Air
During the past 24 hours UN aircraft flew 999 effective sorties including
574 combat and 190 transport missions. NO enemy aircraft sightings were reported.
Visual reconnaissance revealed only 15 enemy aircraft at Antung and 30 at Tatungkou
while takushan was closed in by weather.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports were received during the past 24 hours.
General Situation
Political
The largest anti-Assembly meeting to date occurred on 12 June in Pusan
when some 8,000 persons, most of whom had been brought by truck to the location
of the meeting, were incited by speakers to call for the dissolution of the
National Assembly and to resist "foreign" interference. One speaker "threatened
to oppose the President himself if he fails, to dissolve the Assembly." The
crowd, consisting of representatives of local governments, women workers from
the government controlled Chosun Spinning Company; students, Youth Corps members,
and other citizens, was orderly and passive in the face of inflammatory slo'ans
and vitriolic speeches. (7
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Ambassador Mucci() reports that National Assemblyman Yl Chong-hyong,
formerly a strong supporter of Preaident Rhee, interviewed Rhee on 10 June. /i
told the. Pr?dent that the "will of the People" was being manufactured by the
Police and Other officials. Mee said that this Waa "completely wrong" and that
he still intended to secure direct presidential election and the establishment Of a
bicameral legislature. Rhee then attempted to obtain Yi's support in the Assembly
to "get these things done smoothly." Yl stated that this could not be done until
the imprisoned assemblymen were released and martial law raised.
MUccio reports further that Korean police, uniformed and in civilian garb,
are carefully surveilling the US Embassy in Pusan. Both entrances are under
constant observation by "little men with notebooks." The dearth of Korean
visitors during the past few days lea the ambassador to conclude that the police
have had "little talks" with would-be visitors.
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OCI 6033
16 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
ALM
The Mabang area of the west central sector was again active as two out-
posts of the US 45th Division were attacked by Chinese forces in undetermined
strength. The enemy in company strength forced the withdrawal of a ROK 6th
Division outpost in the east central Kumsong area. Stubborn North Korean and
Chinese resistance was encountered by UN raiding parties in both the west central
and eastern sectors. Of 2,800 rounds of artillery and mortar fire received by
the 1st US Marine Division, 2,300 fell in the sector of the attached Korean
Marine Regiment.
NILv
Due to communication difficulties, no information on naval activities was
received.
Air
UN land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 901 missions,
of which 563 were combat. No other information was received,
II. Military Intelligence
Arm
The Far East Command reports that vehicle sightings increased 10 per-
cent during the period 7-13 June over the previous week and were considerably
above comparable averages for full-moon periods. Seventy percent of sightings
were south of the 39th Parallel, a very high figure equalled only once before.
The main supply routes into the west central sector were the most heavily
travelled,
Air
UN aerial observers report that the entire 6,200 feet of runway at
Pyongyang east airfield was operational on 13 June after removal of some 74
dummy bomb craters. Some 3,400 feet of sod runway at Pyongyang main airfield
was also observed to be operational. A concentrated attack of 150 UN fighter-
bomber sorties on 14 June resulted in claims of 115 bomb hits on Pyongyang
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east and 8 hits on Pyongyang main airfields. (It is perhaps significant that on
13 June two conventional UN naval aircraft were attacked by MIG,ts in the Chinnampo
area. The fact that UN radar did not pick up these hostile aircraft prior to the
attack suggests either that the planes had come from Antung at very low altitudes
or that the KG's were based much closer to Chinnampo in North Korea. No swept-
wing aircraft, however have been observed on any North Korean airfield other
than Uiju on the Yalu river.)
III. General Situation
Political
Mucci? states that in the last week Rhee has not made a single gesture
that suggests a modification of his stand. While all groups in the Assembly
admit that a compromise solution palatable to the free world is essential, Milocio
has no hope for success so long as Rhee remains aloof.
Iteccio reports that at a proRhee mass meeting on the evening of 12 June
anonymous individuals distributed two printed handbills roundly condemning the
President. That same night ant1-Rhee posters signed by an unknown "Womenls
National Protection Corps" appeared in Pusan, As far as the EMbassy is aware,
this is the first time that anti-Rhee handbills or posters have been circulated
in Pusan.
Pr.0_,ALaAP
Radio Pyongyang on 15 June stated that the North Karean regime has pro-.
tested to the UN over the Koje Island "atrocities."
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
CCI 6034
17 June 1952
Supported by a heavy concentration of artillery, tanks and self-propelled
guns, Chinese battalions during the nights of 15 and 16 June launched strong
attacks against US 45th Division positions in the &bang area. The enemy was
forced to withdraw on both occasions by a heavy concentration of UN artillery
fire. Determined enemy resistance was offered to raiding parties from the ROK
9th Division in the Chorvon sector and to the ps 7th Division in the Tuahon area
in the east.
HSU
UN naval vessels continued the blockade of both Korean coasts. A total
of 305 naval air sorties were flown.
igat
UN aircraft flew 690 effective sorties, of which 440 were combat missions.
There were 98 daytime close support sorties attacking troops bunkers, gun posi-
tions and buildings. 7-86 pilots report observing 50 swept-wing aircraft on
Antung, 75 on Tatungkau and 50 on Takudhan airfields. AB-29 was attacked by
three enemy aircraft, apparently jets, vithout damage.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
It, was the opinion of US Embassy personnel in Pusan on 16 June that the
National Assembly is stalling for time. There are some indications that opposi- 25)(6
tionAsSeMblymen are losing heart and unconfirmed reports are circulating that
some have zone over to Rheets "Sam,
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During the National Assembly meeting an 14 Jure, demonstrators outside
denounced the Assemblymen through loudspeakers. Generally orderly parades and
demonstrations, led by. Rheets youth corps members,continued all day. In mid-
afternoon 2000 marched to the Assembly cOtpound under the direction of "hoodlum-
type leaders" and listened to hysterical harangues. (Radio Pusan announced on
11 June that President Rhee had received a petition, bearing over a Million
signatures, which demanded the dissolution of the Assembly. Reports have been
received which claim that groups purporting to represent local councils plan to
seize the Assemblymen representing their local home districts.)
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CCI 6035
18 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AMY
No major enemy action occurred during the period, although UN raiding
parties and patrols met stiff resistance. In the western sector near Panmunjom,
patrolling US Marines engaged in several fire-fights with stubborn Chinese de-
fenders. A battalion-strength patrol from the 1st Commonwealth Division met
heavy resistance in the Kigong area. Resistance was also encountered by patrols
from the ROK 9th Division in the west central and the US 40th Division in the
central sector.
N4TI:
UN naval air and surface craft on the east coast of North Karea attacked
enemy supply routes and troop installations. Little activity occurred on the
west coast.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew only 629 sorties, of which 316 were combats
Medium bombers flew 14 sorties against transportation targets on the east coast,
an industrial installation south of Pyongyang, and took part in a close sum3brt
mission. During the night of 16 June, a B-29 over the Chongchon River encountered
a probable enemy jet which made a firing pass. No damage was sustained.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
The Far East Air Force reports that the 30 daylight sorties flown by enemy
MIG-15's during the week of 9 to 16 June was the lowest number for nearly a year.
Contrasted with this, 37 night sorties by all type enemy aircraft represents a
new high in the Communists' night interception effort. FEAF further notes that
the pattern of enemy daylight activity clearly indicates +hat pilots were not
sent out for training but for combat. The aggressiveness of MIG-15's encounter-
ed points to the presence of "well-trained and proficient combat pilots." FEAF
still estimates, however, that the enemy will not expand his air defense opera-
tions southward or initiate air cfrensive operations at, this time.
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III. General Situation
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Political
Martial Law Commander Won in Pusan has advised Ambassador Mucci? the
"conspiracy case" trials will begin within a few days. The trials will not be
public although the Embassy, 8th Army and UNCURK have been invited to have two
representatives each present. Mucci? comments that "there is danger Rhee may
be trying to use us for his purposes by having us present."
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 6036
19 June 1952
ROK 6th Division elements in the Kumsong area of the east central sector
were attacked by two enemy companies, supported by self-propelled artillery and
conventional artillery fire. Sporadic action is continuing. Farther to the
east in the ROK 7th Division area a UN raiding party was turned back from its
objective near Mulguji by stubbornly resisting Chinese elements. Scattered
probes and patrols occurred along the rest of the line,
kl_a=
Air and surface units of the UN naval force attacked enemy transportation
targets and troop installations on both coasts*
Air
Land-based aircraft under control of the Far East Air Force flew 306
effective sorties 82 of which were combat. Thirteen medium bomber missions
were flown with 'die major target being the east coast city of Chongjin.
II. Military Intelligence
Materiel
The Eighth Army reports that dud enemy artillery shells picked up in the
US 1st Marine Division sector in the west have been identified as Soviet 152mm
ammunition. The type of fuze found on the shells, the RGM 34 K, is unknown in
the Far East Command.,
The Far East Air Force reports that assessment of the damage inflictedi by
enemy night fighters on a B-29 on the night of 10-11 June reveals that 23mm
cannons and not rockets were used in the attack, Air bursts observed by bomber
crews that night were believed to have been from 37mm projectiles with self-
destroying fuses*
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Rear Areas
The 9,037 enemy vehicles sighted by UN aerial observers during the week
of 6 to 12 June was the second highest observed during a full moon period in
1952. The traffic pattern has shifted and the bulk of movement, 67 percent of
Which was belOw the 39th Parallel, was concentrated in the central area with
Some decrease on the eastern and western main supply routes.
III. General Situation
Political
Ambassador Nhccio reports that the National Assembly convened on 18 June
with 152 members present, the largest attendance since the beginning of the
political crisis. Deciding to elect three temporary chairmen to replace the
speaker and vice speakers whose terms expired on the 18th? the Assembly voted
overwhelmingly in favor of the previous officers. Even Rheets Sam.U-Jang group
voted for the incuMbents. Nhccio comments that the SaM,Wang is as terrified
of Rheets threat to dissolve the Assembly as the opposition since they are not
sure of regaining their seats,
The press reports that the "semi-secret" trials of the 14 South Koreans
in the "conspiracy" case have begun. One of Rheets supporters is credited with
stating that the trial is closed both for security reasons and to protect the
families and friends of some of the accused. The court is made up of seven
military men and two civilians.
Economic
UN naval interrogation of enemy prisoners captured off eastern North
Korea revealed that a zinc smelting plant in the interior northwest- of Songjin
was in continued operation and had never been bombed. The plant, which was run
in conjunction with a zinc mine some 7 miles away, was under the supervision
of 2 or 3 Soviet technical advisers. (While there is no record of a major
zinc smelter in this area, North Korea produced upwards of 10,000 tons of re-
fined zinc annually in the period immediately preceding the war. It is en-
tirely possible that a zinc smelter is still in operation in North Korea under
Soviet supervision.)
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OCI 6037
20 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AMIE
After launching five successive attacks against 6th ROK Division positions
one and one half miles southeast of Kumsong, enemy troops of company and unde-
termined size succeeded in taking part of a hill. Across the front the enemy
fired 4700 rounds of mortar and artillery, of which 2400 rounds fell during the
night.
Navy
UN naval surface units shelled Communist supply installations on both
coasts. Naval aircraft attacked supply targets in support of these operations,
Air
More than 845 sorties were flown by UN land-bared aircraft. Of these
sorties, 503 were combat missions. Far East Air Force reported the first in-
stance of a night attack by an enemy jet in the northeast area of North Korea,
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The AMbassador reports that in an 18 June conversation with Rhee the latter
admitted he was at the end of his rope, tired and did not think he could carry on
much longer. On the same day the President said that Yi Pom-sok, the Home Minis-
ter, and Ahn Ho-sang, head of Rheels youth corps, were becoming quite a problem
and he did not know what to do about it. (Yi is a senior member of the clique
which now controls the police and is working for control of the army. Ahn
recently made a violently anti-American speech in what was ostensibly an ex-
temporaneous address,)
Ambassador Mucci? reports that
112 Assemblymen have now signect a resolution supporting a "Four
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Point Compromise" amendment to the Constitution. The legislation will probably
be introduced on 20 June. The source thought the amendment would pass but warned
that if the Assembly refused, a hunger strike would be staged before the presi-
dential residence and Rhee would be forced to dissolve the Assembly.
The Ambassador comments that Rhee men and opposition are both avoiding
commitment on the conduct of the next presidential election. (While the com-
promise amendment calls for popular election of the president, there is some
question as to whether the next election should be by popular election or by the
Assembly, as the Constitution now requires.)
The National Assembly on 19 June, with 109 members present, voted by 78 to
zero an urgent motion to have a special committee investigate the government
charges of an internal communist plot. (Presumably the pro-Rhee faction ab-
stained from voting.)
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meals) of ibet egpientgo laws, Tato t, USC, Secs.
793 and 794 1'0 hammission or rovoillikm of
which in any manner to an unoulkrizeri person is
prohiblted by law
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
OCI 6038
21 June 1952
Army
An enemy battalion launched successive probes against US 45th Division posi-
tions in the Mabang area west of Chorwon following heavy concentrations of artillery
and mortar fire but were forced to withdraw. Elsewhere along the front the enemy
launched short-lived probes. UN raiding parties and patrols were effectively
resisted.
!I4Y5r,
Air and surface units of the UN naval force attacked enemy transportation
targets and troop installations on both coasts.
Air
Land-based aircraft under control of the Far East Air Force flew 1034 effec-
tive sorties, of which 621 were combat. Ten medium bomber missions were flown in
attacks on targets in enemy rear areas.
Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
General Situation
Political
An English news agency reports from Pusan that the Democratic Nationalist
Party, Rhee's principal opposition group, walked out of the National Assembly in a
body on 21 June when discussions began on the compromise agreement to end the cur-
rent ROK political crisis. The account continues that while the DEP favors the
compromise solution, they will block its passage until Rhee raises martial law and
releases the 12 Assemblymen currently under arrest.
The same press service quotes Home Minister Yi Pom-sok as saying that 4
persons had been arrested in the hoodlum attack on a private meeting of Rhee's oppo-
sition yesterday. He added, however, that those arrested claimed they broke into the
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meeting because they were refused admission and that they became "angry" When what
was reportedly a cultural meeting turned into criticism of President Rhee. (The
20 June meeting of the recently formed Committee on Opposing Dictatorships and
Defending the Constitution was attended by many of the most respected citizens of
the ROK and was avowedly an anti-Rhee private political meeting.)
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OCI 6039
23 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
&GX
Fighting continued in the west central Chorwon area as raiding parties
from the US 45th and ROK 9th Divisions met heavy resistance from Chinese defenders.
A regiment of the ROK 9th Division briefly occupied its objective, but disengaged
under very heavy enemy pressure. In the east central Kumsong area, Chinese troops
probed newly-won outpost positions of the ROK 6th Division without success.
Navy
Nhile UN naval air units off eastern North Korea conducted no operations
owing to resupplying, aircraft from the British carrier "Ocean" attacked enemy
supply and troop installations south of Chinnampo. Naval surface vessels bom-
barded enemy lines of supply on both the east and west coasts.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 658 sorties, of which 291 were combat. Medium
bombers flew five close support, leaflet, and surveillance missions. UN aerial
observers reported 155 swept-wing aircraft on Yalu River fields on the morning of
22 June.
Military Intelligence
25X1C
on
13 May the Igortla Xorean VIII Corps left Sinanju with the 42nd Division leading the
movement. Units of the corps, with an armored task force of 30 tankr attached,
had reached and were bivouacked in the Yangdok area on 1 June. (The deactivation
of the North Korean VIII Corps as a combat force was accepted over a year ago.
Although there have been some unconfirmed reports of its reconstitution in north-
western Korea, the present existence of the VIII Corps or of its subordinate 42nd
Division, never previously reported as a major North Korean unit, cannot be con-
firmed.)
I
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III. General Situation
Political
A British news agency reports from Pusan that Syngman Rhee won a minor
victory in the National AsseMbly by a vote of 83-2 which extended his term of ?
office to 15 August. A bill submitted by pro-Rhee supporters is under considera-
tion which provides for an indefinite extension of Rhee's term until a new presi-
dent is "elected according to the Constitution."
A South Korean Government spokesman has announced that the State Department
reply to the South Korean explanation of why it banned "Voice of America" broad-
casts was "unsatisfactory."
Ambassador Muccio reports only partial confirmation of press reports of
the arrest of 20 students on 17 June. The AMbassador believes "some students"
were arrested between the 17th and the 20th for condemning Rhee actions in the
current crisis. There has apparently been pressure for about two weeks on the
joint council of university student councils to pass resolutions demanding dis-
solution of the Assembly, direct presidential election and a bicameral legis-
lature. Recent pro-Assembly statements, however, provoked the arrest cf the
students.
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OCI 6040
24 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Two probes by Chinese platoon-size units against ROK 6th Division outposts
in the east central Kumeong area provided the only significant action of the period.
There were minor probes and patrol clashes along the rest of the front.
.N.Am
Naval aircraft from three carriers of Task Force 77 on the east coast
attacked hydro-electric installations at the Supong power complex on the Yalu
River and at eHochonand Pujon systems north of Hungnam. UN naval surface
vessels attacked enemy shore installations?
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 1,001 sorties, of which 650 were combat.
Medium bombers attacked transportation targets on the east coast. Other UN
fighter - bomber aircraft, under 5th Air Force control, participated with naval
aircraft in the attack on the North Korean hydro-electric plante.
Military Intelligence
Ra.ekEsi:
The US Military Attache in South Korea reports that President Rhee has
asked the Minister of National Defense to "establish a naticna3 guard type ergani-
zation with a strength of two million." Similar organizations have a recd of
three previous failures in South Korea, and the ROK Army is opposed to the idea
because the present armed forces require a maximum effort in materiel, supply arif
personnel. (The political advantages of such a para-military force have been
exploited by the ROK Government previously and presumably were in Rhee 3s mine,
when he gave this order.)
1110 General Situation
Political
US naval observers in South Korea report that the present political
situation has discouraged ROK naval officers
xo
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On 23 June the ROK National Assembly attained a quorum when Rheels
Sam-U-Jang group and Prime Minister Chang Talk-sangls Silla-ho group arrived
together after an all-night conference. With most of Rheels cabinet in attendance,
and under the active leadership of the Rhee clique, the Assembly passed resolu-
tions postponing the expiration of the Presidents term to 15 August and continu-
ing the President in office "for the time being or until new elections are feas-
ibleon The only opposition members present were the Speaker and one or two others
who asserted the resolutions were unconstitutional.
Ambassador Mucci? observes that it is not clear what effect these resolu-
tions will have and what the reaction from the opposition will be. The Ambassador
adds that the resolutions could have the effect of continuing Rhee in office
indefinitely, and, if so, "Rhee will have won his battle with the Assembly hands
down -- by a vote of 63 out of a total of 183."
itstagg_mda
During the past 10 days, Radio Pyongyang carried a number of broadcasts on
the WFTU resolution calling for world solidarity with the Korean people on 25 June,
the 2nd anniversary of the Korean war. These broadcasts called for the North
Koreans to "repay" this solidarity by observing a day of "struggle" on that date.
(Despite numerous low level reports of an impending enemy offensive on 25 June,
there are no indications that any major action is contemplated. It is entirely
possible, however, that the enemy will seek to increase the tempo of military
pressure along the front on the anniversary day.)
Radio Pyongyang is reported to have failed to sign on at the scheduled
time on 24 June. (It is not known whether this failure to come on the air was due
to UN bombing of the Yalu River power complex.)
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COI 6041
25 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Action along the front on the second anniversary of the beginning of the
Korean war was limited to scattered patrol clashes and minor probes. UN positions
along the line received almost 5,000 rounds of artillery and mortar fire.
Fitm
A total of 562 sorties were flown by UN naval aircraft against targets
on the east and west coasts. North Korean hydroelectric installations were again
attacked in cooperation with aircraft from the Far East Air Force. Naval surface
forces bombarded enemy shore installations.
Air
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 1,266 sorties.
Of the 870 combat sorties, 342 were fighter-bomber attacks on the North Korean
hydroelectric system. Medium bombers flew 29 missions, principally in close
support of ground troops. Five enemy MIG-151s were encountered; one UN F-86
suffered major damage and crashed on landing.
II. Military Intelligence
Am
The North Korean IV Corpus "Advanced Command Post" at Sariwon was being
converted on 11 June to serve as "Joint Chinese Communistellorth Korean Head-
quarters on the Western Front,"
25X1C
(North Korean orps units have been concentrated in the
Pyongyang area for over a year-. There are no firm indications that the enemy
intends to commit his well-trained and armor-equipped F7 Corps in the Chinese-
controlled western sector in the near future.)
General Situation
Economic
Preliminary bomb-damage analysis of the 23 June attack by the Far East
Air Force and naval units indicates that the Supong (Suiho) hydroelectric system
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on the Yalu River is not operating. No turbines appeared to be in operation.
Two large transformers, a generating plant and the main transformer switchyard
suffered heavy damage. In the Changjin system north of Hungnam, the number four
generating station was completely destroyed with substantial damage to the trans-
former yard. At generating plants three and four of the Pujon system, to the
east of the Changjin, heavy damage was inflicted on the transformer yards. The
generating capacity apparently was not decreased to a major extent. (The Supong
system was estimated to be producing from 200,000 to 250,000 kilowatts of
electricity for Manchuria and North Korea. Pujon plants three and four were
rated at 12,000 kilowatts, and Changjin number four at about 15,000 kilowatts.)
Political
Reuters reports an unsuccessful attempt on 25 June to assassinate Presi-
dent Rhee while he was making a speech in a public plaza in Pusan. The would-he
assassin, wearing western clothing, made his way through the guests on the
rostrum to a point behind Rhee. After the unsuccessful attempt, he was seized
unhurt by the police.
Radio Pusan announced on 24 June that Rhee made a personal appearance
before some 1000 representatives of local assemblies staging a "hunger strike"
before his temporary residence, to demand dissolution of the Assembly. The
broadcast suggests that Rhee, in commenting on the Assembly's failure to dis-
solve itself voluntarily, "admitted for the first time" that something practical
had to be done about the situation. (This appears to be additional pressure on
the Assembly to pass the compromise resolution under consideration or face dis-
solution.)
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OCI 6042
26 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
The scene of active fighting along the front shifted to the western
sector during the period. Outpost positions of the US let Marine Division north
of Panmunjom were subjected to repeated probing attacks by at least two Chinese
companies. Heavy artillery and mortar fire as received by Marines
during one encounter. Less than 20 miles to the northeast of this action, ele-
ments of a ROK 1st Division raiding party encountered determined enemy re-
sistance in the Sangnyong area. Brief probes and patrol clashes occurred along
the rest of the front.
pa_a
UN naval air and surface craft maintained the blockade and attacked
enemy troop, supply and transport installations on both Korean coasts. Naval
aircraft flew 248 sorties, principally combat.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew 528 combat sorties, of a total of 865
sorties flown by all types of aircraft. Medium bombers attacked an important
railroad bridgein central North Korea. Of the 50 enemy MIG-15's observed in
the air during the period, 41 were encountered by UN F-861s, with one MIG
destroyed and one probably de troyede
Military Intelligence
Air
During a morning aerial reconnaissance of the Yalu River airfields on
25 June,. UN observers sighted a maximum of 270 swept-wing aircraft and 150
"large dark aircraft." Only one pilot observed the latter aircraft and photos
taken in the afternoon did not confirm this sighting. In the early evening,
other pilots observed about 250 NIG's on the three-field Yalu River complex.
UN Rear Ar
The US Military Attache in South Korea reports the formation of a well-
organized Communist guerrilla force, called "the anti-American regiment," in two
southwestern Korean provinces. Encounters have indicated that this new force is
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"well organized.? (It is possible that this newly formed unit was responsible
for the highly successful 25 June raid on a train in this area.)
III. General Situation
Political
In an address on 25 June, the ROK Home Minister Yl Pon?sok, strong man
of the clique behind Rhea, assailed the "group" which had ben responSible for
all of South Koreags troubles in the past and which now was "misleading the
nation by plotting to alienate our government from friendly nations abroad"
and "inviting interference in our internal affairs." Yl noted that these acts
"may not be directlymotivatedby the enemy." (This may be a veiled admission
that no direct evidence of a Communist "conspiracy" can be found in the case
of the arrested Assemblymen.)
Unconfirmed press reports quote South Korean Government sources as re?
porting that police have arrested two members of the Assembly in connection with
the unsuccessful attempt on the life of President Rhee. A third Assemblyman is
being sought. Reuters states that one Assemblyman "confessed" lending the would?
be assassin a gun and driving him to the scene in a government car.
Ambassador MUccio reports that the coni:Tiracy court martial of sewn
Assemblymen and seven private citizens continued on 24 June, The first defendant,
a private citizenn called to the witness stand by the proseautionytold a story of
Communist affiliation in 1949 And subsequent disillusionment. The defense sug?
gested the court read leaflets written by the defendant since 1949 and note
that they express opposition views, not a Communist conspiracy. The witness
dramatically renounced his previous confession: allegedly obtained by the police
through torture.
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
00I 6043
27 June 1952
In a day-long battle 4 miles east of Sangnyong on the western front,
enemy groups of platoon-size drove elements of the ROK 1st Division from a hill
which the division had seized earlier. The merry counterattack was supported by
more than 3500 rounds of artillery and mortar fire, as well as the fire of three
armored vehicles. In the west central Mdbang area, an enemy battalion engaged
raiders from the US 45th Division. After a brief engagement the enemy was forced
to withdraw.
plam
Naval surface and air units continued the blockade of both Korean coasts.
Naval air attacks were again concentrated on enemy supply lines and routes of
Communication.
There were 932 effective sorties flown by UN land-based aircraft during
the 24 hour period. Most of the 579 combat missions were armed reconnaissance
flights and attacks on enemy installations in areas just behind the front lines.
One flight revealed the presence of 180 aircraft on three Manchurian airfields*
II. Military Intelligence
Enemy Rear Areas
Enemy vehicle sightings by UN aerial observers during'the period 13-19
June totaled 13,887, of which 75 percent were below: the 39th parallel. Far
East Air Force concludes that the enemy has moved considerable amounts of
supplies southward into the forward supply zones. The Sibyon-Ichon area in
the west was the destination of a major share of the southward traffic.
III. General Situation
Political
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Ambassador Muccio reports on 27 June that the pressure campaign by the
Ehee forces against Korean employees of US installations in the Pusan area has
continued unabated during the past week. The Ambassador states that EMbassy em-
ployees are now so thoroughly intimidated that they can be relied on only for
routine duties within the Ebbassy building, and that, in the absence of a Koreaa?
spenking American, the Edbassy's coverage of political developments is becoming
increasingly difficult.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
600411 28 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arnsy
The enemy again concentrated his efforts in the vest central sector on
captiirtiga strategic hill southwest of Nabang from the US 45th Division. Chinese
forces in this sector launched three night attacks in battalion strength, but
were repulsed after five hours of heavy fighting. In the eastern sector, a
company-size raiding party from the ROK 5th Division seized a strategic outpost
position and repulsed.a counterattack by a North Korean platoon.
Navy
UN naval aircraft flew 283 sorties in close support missions and
against targets in North Korea. Supply installations and the electric power
system were primary targets. Naval surface units maintained the blockade and
bombarded shore targets.
Air
Of the 845 effective sorties flown by aircraft under Far East Air Force
control, 455 were combat. Medium bombers attacked transportation targets in
northeastern Korea. US F-86 's observed 29 NIG-15's airborne; four were en-
countered and one destroyed.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
Shortly before noon on 27 June, UN aerial observers reported sighting
Iwo swept-wing aircraft on Antung, Takushan and Tatungkuo airfields in the
Yalu River complex. (The figure 400, if correct, represents the second
largest concentration of enemy jet fighters observed on the Yalu River air-
fields during the course of the var.)
eg4.
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III. General Situation
Political
The UN Command reported on 27 June that further changes in the ROK Cabinet
were expected. Reportedly present Home Minister Yl Pom-sok: militant leader of
the pro-Rhee clique, is to become Minister of Defense. Yi's old position of
Home Minister will go to An Ho-sang? present leader of the Taehan Youth Corps.
(Frequent reports have been received stating that Yl Pom-sok would take over the
MinisLr)r of Defense as a final step to gain control of all military and para-
military groups in South Korea. An Ho-sanges militant Taehan Youth Corps has
been used as the major arm of the pro-Rhee clique in their intimidation campaign.
An Ho-sang, former ROK Minister of Education, is an ultra-nationalist with little
regard for the US.)
In a conversation with opposition members of the National Assembly on
24 June, ROK Prime Minister Chang Taek-sang reported that the pro-Rhee assembly
group, the Sam-U-Chang, planned to introduce a motion of "self-dissolution."
Chang added that some of the Sam-U-Chang members were resisting this move:
however, if it were introduced; Changes assembly group, the Silla Hoe, would go
over completely to the anti-Rhee opposition.
Adopting another tack, the Rhee forces on 26 June marshalled a group of
123 individuals calling themselves the "All-Nation Peoples Self-Determination
Delegates from Local Districts." This body encamped on the steps of the National
Assembly and formally adopted a resolution "dissolving" the National AsseMbly.
(Press reports of 28 June stated that a "500-strong mob" would not allow members
to leave the National Assembly until a dissolution resolution was passed. One
Assemblymen Who attempted to leave was badly beaten. About 100 South Korean
policemen took no action during the demonstration.)
In a 27 June broadcast to the Soviet Far East, Moscow repeated a
story which originated in Pyongyang about the political crisis in South Korea.
After a fairly factual account of events in the south, Moscow made the startling
statement that "the mounting wrath of the people. ? .is the main cause of the
acutely tense atmosphere in South Korea." The broadcast continued that "parti-
san uprising" and popular indignation against the "horrible beastialities"
committed against Communist POW's were also primary contributors to the state
of emergency in the ROK.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
6045: 30 June 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Atmz
Chinese units continued pressure on newly won outpost positions of the US
45th Division in west central Korea on Saturday. Sunday's activity, however,
was limited to a few enemy brief probes and patrol clashes, probably due to the
fall of inches of rain.
Naval surface craft bombarded enemy shore installations,
operations were scheduled due to the weather.
Air
No UN naval air
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 233 effective
sorties, 83 of which were combat. Medium bombers flew 16 sorties against trans-
portation targets in northwestern Korea.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
During the night of 26 June, a US B-29 flying at 24,000 feet over north
central Korea observed an unidentified aircraft behind and below fire three
rockets. at 1:500 feet range. The rockets, traveling level in flight, evenly
spaced, and leaving a white sparkling trail, passed directly under the B-29's
tail and exploded 1:000 feet beyond the B-29 with a large white burst, the size
of normal flak.
Far East Air Force comments that, although evidence is still too incon,-
elusive to accept the use by the enemy of air-to-air rockets, an investigation
is currently under way. (Two previous reports of the possible use of rockets
by enemy aircraft were tentatively evaluated as tracer ammunition from aircraft
guns,)
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III, General Situation
Political
On 30 June, President Rhee sent a message to the National Assembly stating
that he "could not wait any longer" to dissolve the Assembly. His message, which
was read by the Prime Minister, said that he cannot deny the will of the people
any longer, and he must now find a method to accomplish the AsseMbly/s dissolu-
tion. (An attempt by the Rhee forces within the National Assembly on 28 June to
vote dissolution of that body was not passed.)
ROK General Choe Kyung-Nok, recently deposed presiding officer of the court
martial of Assemblyman. So Min,-Ho, accused of homicide, informed American officials
that he had received direct orders from the Pusan martial law commander General
Won to complete the trial in two or three days and to produce a death sentence
for So Min-Ho. General Choe stated that he was not convinced that So Min-Hots
self-defense plea was justified, but that he favored a one to three year sentence,
with possible suspension or parole on good behavior. (It seems evident that
Choets removal from the trial was due to his moderate stand towards the
defendant.)
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