DAILY SNAP OCTOBER 18 1991

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: STARGATE
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP96-00792R000600450019-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: November 4, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 20, 2000
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: October 18, 1991
• Content Type: OPEN

Friday
October 18, 1991
DaiIy SNAP
FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION
Author: Konovalov, B. (Flight Control Cen-
ter)
Title: COST OF SOVIET-AUSTRIAN CREW'S RE-
SEARCH PROGRAMS NOTED
Primary Source: Izvestiya, October 4,
1991, No. 237 (23503), p. 7, cols. 5-8
Extract: The docking of the spaceship "So-
yuz TM-13" with the orbiting complex "Mir"
proceeded successfully. Five cosmonauts
have begun joint work.
The week ahead will not be an easy
one, because time must be found for carry-
ing out two programs at once: a Soviet-
Austrian program called "Austromir" and a
republic program called "Kazakhstan--Kos-
mos" (Kazakhstan-.-space).
Kazakhstan is the second republic of
our Union from the standpoint of territory;
objectively, it will be unable to manage
without space equipment in solving problems
of communications, ecological monitoring
and observing the condition of farmlands.
The Kazakh Academy of Sciences has there-
fore taken an active part in drafting the
research program, and it has even allocated
an extra 2 million rubles for this, despite
hard times.
This mission will cost Austria much
more. Austria must pay the Soviet Union 85
million schillings -- about 7 million dol-
lars -- for Franz Viehboeck's mission. And
this space mission will cost 230 million
schillings when expenditures for the exten-
sive program of 14 scientific experiments
are taken into account.
(SNAP 911018)
Title: TEXT OF TREATY ON THE ECONOMIC COM-
MUNITY
Primary Source: Izvestiya, October 4,
1991, No. 237 (23503), p. 4, cols. 1-8
Abstract: The full-page article is the
text of the Treaty on the Economic Communi-
ty which the heads of Soviet republics re-
cently initialed.*
A preface to the treaty states in par-
ticular that it has been concluded by inde-
pendent states which, aware of the advan-
tages of economic integration and a common
economic space and of the expediency of
preserving economic, trade, scientific-
technical and other relations, wish to es-
tablish mutually-advantageous economic re-
lations among themselves and seek drastic
economic reforms, taking into account com-
mon problems which these states face in
connection with tasks for ending the cri-
sis, transferring to a market economy and
joining the world economy.
The 64 paragraphs of the treaty are
divided into 12 chapters entitled respec-
tively: "Basic Principles"; "Entrepreneur-
ship"; "Movement of Goods and Services,
Prices"; "The Money and Banking System";
"Finances and Taxes"; "The Labor Market and
Social Guarantees"; "Foreign Economic Rela-
tions and Currency Policy"; "Legal Regula-
tion of Economic Activity"; "Institutions
of the Economic Community"; "Agreements";
"Associate Membership in the Economic Com-
munity"; and "Final Provisions." Chapter
One states in particular that the treaty is
concluded for a period of three years and
that the member-states of the Economic Com-
munity created by the treaty shall decide
the question of extending, amending or re-
placing it not less than 12 months before
the end of this period. The Economic Com-
munity is formed by independent states on
the basis of voluntary participation and
equal rights of all member-states, for the
purpose of forming a unified market and
carrying out a coordinated economic policy
as a necessary condition for overcoming the
crisis.
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Paragraph 5 lists the areas in which Article 64 stipulates that the treaty shall
the member-states of the Economic Community go into effect after being signed and rati-
agree to reconcile their economic laws and fied by at least three of the states which
carry out a coordinated policy. They are: wish to join the community.
entrepreneurship; the market for goods and
services; transport, power engineering and
information; the money and banking system;
finances, taxes and prices; the capital and
securities market; the labor market; cus-
toms rules and tariffs; foreign economic
relations and currency policy; standardiza-
tion, patenting, metrology, statistics and
accounting; and state scientific-technical,
investment, ecological, humanitarian and
other programs (including programs for
eliminating the consequences of natural and
other disasters) which are of common inter-
est to the Economic Community. Paragraph 3
stipulates that relations between the Eco-
nomic Community and former states of the
USSR which remain outside the community
shall be structured on the basis of gener-
ally recognized principles and norms of
international law, and that questions of
common interest which require settlement
shall be decided by special agreements be-
tween the community and the other states
involved.
The founding of a Banking Union on the
principles of a reserve system is provided
for and the functions. of this union are
listed in Chapter Four. Article 24 pro-
vides for creating a number of special
funds within the framework of the Economic
Community's budget, including a fund for
targeted programs and a fund for emergency
situations and eliminating the consequences
of natural and other disasters. Chapter
Nine stipulates, among other things, that a
council of heads of governments of the mem-
ber-states shall be the highest coordinat-
ing agency of the Economic Community. The
functions of an Interstate Economic Commit-
tee operating as the executive-managerial
agency of the community are defined. Chap-
ter Ten lists specific questions in regard
to which agreements among the member-states
shall be concluded after the treaty is
signed. Chapter Twelve contains provisions
in regard to sanctions against member-
states which violate the treaty, procedures
for ratification of the treaty and special
agreements within its framework, and admis-
sion of new member-states and states with
observer status to the Economic Community.
*See the Daily SNAP, October 17, 1991, p.
3, col. 1
(SNAP 911018)
Author: Volkov, 0.
Title: SCIENTISTS DIVIDED OVER VALIDITY OF
PSYCHOLOGICAL-WEAPONS R&D
Primary Source: Komsomolskaya pravda, Sep-
tember 27, 1991, No. 222 (20222), p. 2,
cols. 2-4
Abstract: The article reports on contro-
versy over research of unconventional phys-
ical fields and military applications of
this work. Some scientists are said to be-
lieve that 'psychotronic generators' based
on new physical principles can be used for
remote control of people's minds and behav-
ior, and that original weapons for this
purpose can be developed on the basis of
generators of "spinor (torsion)" or "micro-
lepton" fields, in particular. Other sci-
entists are highly skeptical of such re-
search.
It is recalled that a resolution enti-
tled "On the Unsound Practice of Financing
Pseudoscientific Research out of State
Sources" was published, together with an
opinion submitted by the USSR Academy of
Sciences' department of general physics and
astronomy, on July 4 of this year. The
USSR Supreme Soviet's Committee on Science
and Technologies issued this resolution.
It accused several ministries of spending,
without a proper expert review, half a bil-
lion rubles on pseudoscientific and anti-
scientific developments involving spinor or
microlepton fields with which scientists
are already familiar. The resolution named
the USSR Ministry of Defense (Minoborony),
the USSR Ministry of Nuclear Power Engi-
neering and Industry, the USSR State Secur-
ity Committee (KGB) and the USSR Cabinet of
Ministers' Military-Industrial Commission
as clients and sponsors of this work. More
than 20 institutes were identified as exec-
utors and developers. First on this list
was the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences' In-
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stitute of Materials-Science Problems,
which is headed by academician Trefilov.
The interagency scientific-technical center
"Vent" (formerly the Center for Unconven-
tional Technologies of the USSR State Com-
mittee for Science and Technology) was
identified as the country's "chief" firm
engaged in developments in the area of un-
conventional fields. According to unveri-
fied data from A. Akimov, director of this
center, the cost of unconventional-field
projects has been 23 million rubles in Min-
oborony's sector alone, while the overall
amount which has been allocated for such
research through all of the different chan-
nels is as great as 500 million rubles.
Seeking more information about uncon-
ventional-fields research and the purposes
of this research, the author spoke to an
associate of the USSR Supreme Soviet's Com-
mittee on Science and Technologies and sub-
sequently went to the armed forces' General
Staff. He was told that the committee had
received no information in this regard from
Minoborony, the KGB or other agencies in-
volved. Representatives of the General
Staff referred the author to the USSR Acad-
emy of Sciences' Section on Problems of Ap-
plied Science. Nikolay Prudnikov, deputy
chairman of this section, said that it
sometimes orders projects to be carried out
for the General Staff, but he disclosed no
details of this work. One such project,
which was called "Obezlichiye" (de-individ-
ualization), is mentioned. It is recalled
that in 1986, a scientific research insti-
tute informed the academy's section that
the institute was prepared to carry out
this project. An associate of the section
who knew more. about the project was not
available for questioning, however. At the
"Vent" center, the author was told that di-
rector Akimov was away on a business trip.
Ye. Aleksandrov, corresponding member
of the USSR Academy of Sciences and a sci-
entific opponent of Akimov's, sent the au-
thor a report of the Center for Unconven-
tional Technologies. According to this
document, the center is engaged in research
of long-distance production of medical-bio-
logical and psychophysical effects on
troops and the population, using torsion
radiations; and also in research of medi-
cal-biological protection of troops and the
population against effects of such radia-
tions. Aleksandrov expressed doubt that
equipment capable of producing such effects
can be developed. A letter which the edi-
tors received from Aleksandrov is quoted,
in which the scientist denounced research
of unconventional fields as pseudoscien-
tific, citing a decision of the academy's
department of general physics and astrono-
my. Aleksandrov went so far as to accuse
state enterprises of producing fake "field
generators" and selling them to defense
agencies for large sums.
Scientists who hold opposing views of
unconventional-fields research reportedly
include V. Kaznacheyev, who is believed to
be working in this direction for the de-
fense complex and has signed an interna-
tional convention on the non-use of "mental
weapons"; A. Veynik, corresponding member
of the Belorussian Academy of Sciences, who
has put forward a number of theories; and
other academy figures, who have published
works abroad. The author suggests that the
Academy of Sciences organize a roundtable
discussion on the topic of psychological
weapons, with all sides in the controversy
represented.
(SNAP 911018)
Comments and additions or deletions to the
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