CHIAO KUAN-HUA 26 SEP ON SPEECH

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Library of Congress
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): LOC-HAK-112-7-9-0
• Release Decision: RIFLIM
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: January 11, 2017
• Document Release Date: September 30, 2010
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: September 26, 1975
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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Sip 75 P~ O P Li S R w' P G B L Z C 0 ~' C H ~'."A A i
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ST~";'~Ri~TIQP7AS AFFfaZNS
F'?~king ~7CNA in ~glish 16x6 Gn7P ,26 Sep 75 GW
[7'e:xt] L~rcited Ptations, "September 2f, 1975 (I-CSIPTiNA)--r^allowin; is the full text of the
speech by China Kuan-hue, chairman of the delegati?n of the keoplETs Republic of China
and mj:rister of foreign affairs, at the plenary meeting of the 3nth session of the
,United ^_rations General Assembly this corning;
Profound changes have taken place in the international situation since the 29th session
of the lm ited Nations Genera]. Assembly: A serious capitalist economic crisis plagues
most parts o? the world. A11 the basic contradictions Sn the world are 1'urthQr sharpening,
The trend of revelation by the people of the world is actively developing. The Asian,
African and Latin American peoples. have advanced valiantly a:~d wan a series of significant
victories i.n. their struggle against colonialism, imperialism and he~;emonism. do the
other hand, the contention between the two superpowers far world hegemony has become
mare. and more intense. The whole world is irz greater turbulence and unrest, Rhetoric
about detente cannot enver up the stark reality. The danger of war is visibly growing,
First of all, i,t should be painted out that the great victory ~: the three Indochinese
peoples teas shaken the world. The Cambodian and Vietnamese peap7.cs have thoroughly
defeated U,S, imperialism and its lackeys, thus making an important contribution to the
anti-imperialist cause of the people of the world and greatly inspiring all oppressed
nations and oppressed people.. Their victory 9.s a brilliant example showing that a weak
nation can defeat a strong, and a small, nation can defeat a bi.g,
The peoples of Asia are strongly against superpo~,?er in+,erferenec and control and against
the attempt of any country to seek hegemony ~.n any part of Asia. The Southeast Asian
countries want their xegion to lsecvmc a zone of peace, freedom and neutrality, free from
any.form ox manner of inte-r:ie.runce by outside powers, This position of theirs has won the
recogn~.tian and respr~et of an increasing number of countries. The struggle of the south
Asian peoples against expansionism and hcgemonism has made riew progress.. In west Asia,
longstanding disputes have been ,-e.solved by the countries concerned which excluded fareigri
influence and conducted consultations on an equal footing, thus creating fa.vaurable
conditions for friendly caoperatian among the countries in the region. The gulf countries
arc getting unSted in the common struggle against superpower irrfiltratian and control,
Tia Africa, N~zambique, (~ pe Verde, Sao Tame and Principe and the Camoras have achieved
independence one after another. This is the result of their persistence in protracted
struggles, particularly in protracted armed struggles, The struggle of the people of Zimbs~br~ra,
Namibia and Azania against racism and white rul$ is developing in depth. The situation
on the African continent is most encouraging.
The struggle of the Latin .American peoples to combat imperialism and hegcmonism, safeguard
state sovereignty and defend their national natural resources and economic rights and
interests has continued tv surge forward, They have reinforced in various ways the ix
unite in the struggle.
Furthermare~, we are pleased to sec that in Oceania, Papua-New Guinea has achieved its
national independence recently,
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~. 29 ~~? 75 A 2 ~~c
rNTBx~Na1TId'VAL AF'~'AT:35
]Y- order to cY~.nge the old international economic order and oppose the shifting of
eaanamic crises, tYxa Third ~~;arld countries have, in pursuance of the declarat~:on and
programme of action adnptad by the LTN [3~neral Assemblg at its 6th special, session,
advanced many xaasanable proposals and waged unremittix~ struggles at vaxiaus conferences
and achieved r~d.rked successes. The unity and struggle of the Third World countries,
extendir{g tram the political to the economic sphere, have ushered in a new stage in the
revolutionary cause of the.p~ople oi' the world against colonialism, imperialism 'and.
regemanisrn.
xhe aauntrisa at the Second World have also heightened their struggle against supe~.pawer
and particularly social imperialist control, intervention, subversion and threat oP
farce." The trend among the Wast European countries to get united against hegemonism has
aantinued to grow. The Second World has increased its dialogue and contacts frith the
Third Waxld. Such cooperation will doubtless have goad prospects far development as Long
as it is based on mutual respect for sovereignty and equality.
The contention between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union,.
e7rtahds to all parts of the Kaxld. They axe intensifying their stripe in Stu?ope, the
Mediterranean, the Middle Bast, 'the Pexsian (~ulP, the Indian dcean, the Paoitie, the
Atlantic, Asia, Afr3~ca and Latin America. Strategically, Europe is the focus of their
contention. Social-imperialism is making a feint to the Bast while attaching in the West.
Th1s was revealed, rather than covered up, by the Conference an Security and Cooperation
in Eux~ape. The two superpowers do reach some agreements from time to time, but these
only erect a facade, behind ~rhich they are engaged in bigger and fiercer cnntentian.
Take for example the agreement in principle reached at the U.S.-Soviet summit meeting
last Nawember ort.the limitation oi' strategic offensive arms. This agreement only sets a
numerical limit. on the arms in question, which exceeds the amount each side possesses
at the moment, while qualitatively it sets no limit at all. It is evident, therefore,
that such an agrtsemant should more appropriately be called an agreement nn strategic
arms expansion rather than an agreement a? strategic arms limitation. Facts are at
hand to prove this. Since the signing of this agreement, the United States and the
Soviet tfiion have bath stepped uP their development and d2ployr~ent oP new-type strategic
..arms, oath trying haxd to overpower the other.
Ot late, the Soviet Union has made use of the conclusion of the European Socurity
Conforenae to turn out mush propaganda alleging that detento has progressed to a new stage,
This is shetr deceptive talk. We are aware oP the eager desire far security vn the part
of the marry srm;ll and medium countries which participated in that canferonce. W+e arc
also a~.are that they have na illusions about its agreements which have nn binding farce.
What security, let alone detente,.. is therm to speak of wt~n grope a^emains in the pro-
longed state o$ tense armed canirontatian? While chanting "peace and security" ~n the
conferonce hall, the Soviot Union made waves to aggravate tension outside. xt not only
eancentriated a~ssive military farces and carried out unbridled provocations in the seas of
noxthez~ i5urope and the Mediterranean, but also brazenly stretched its tentacles to the
xaerie~n Peninsula. Such deeds of expansion coupled Kith words oP detente are a huge
rraakery oP the Eua^apean Security Conference. From its inception we considered the
European'S.eeurity Corzf'erence a European insecurity conference. Nnw that this canterenee
has ended, is there greater?sscurity in Europa? In our view, no. Tt has not altered
the basic situation in Europe in the least. xf one should be so naive as to belie~re
in the Soviet propaganda, that would be dangerous indeed.
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The Savaet leadership l~,nkers ~a;'tax~ a an-ea3.led "Asia.n collective ?,~ec~ ity systu^s,"
Now that the kiurag"an Sacrarity Conf"~nc? kras l:epn a :surcpss, as they sa,r', we Asian
enuntxies sk~auld learn from its example. lvirat n bright idea : '~1~ situation i.n Asia,
however, is d.ifi`estint from that 3a's t.~:rope. It. w:as rr:~ly a s1,;:srt wrhil.r" agcy th.st: a
sur~rpa;.ter ~;as driven a,.at; of lnciacrir_z. ;::;o t?~c Pi>x?pn~e Gx' t;~e Scyviet Ux~ivn :.s at
the preservation of !~s~ar? sec:uricy; ra~,;~-er it is to ?f~.li tnQ vaauuin" and at the same tiirae:
divert world attention to Asia to ewer tip t'~e fact that E:urap~ is t~~~: focus o;' its
strategy. As far the g~rinciple o? th? inviolability of existzzg i'rontiers that was
str4~ssed. at tk;e Rurotxraxa 5ec'uxity Cont'e~'r.~?e, s;i;3G ~,.mp1i^ati.ons would it knave ia~ .Asia?
Is it that the Soviet TJn3an want's us tc r~:coni~e as lES?~.l i'ts occuo:~ta.on of k.ino
terrirox?ias, of sornc: 4siawaltitttda~ of African people and rx~untries peraiMtizzg in stx~zz3~1~.
Gilt ~roazn bad'ore ald-line colan~.aliam dies aut, the tw~ca nuperi'o~ter~s have alr~riy ate~ped
in. Tt1e CTasited 3tatea has larz$ s~.zpported cala>~ial ru3e in AFrica, a_*zd soutaaexz~ .A2?rica
in partiaulazr. 'The Sovis3t Union, f3.auntizsg the banner of "eac.ia~.iem". hen 1a~ilta^atad
ia~ta the African natianal, liberatian zr~veszaent to sa~r discard a3~d stir up tztruble in an
e-tt8l~-t'r.tio bring the tnovezaetat xithin its socia3?iz>aperialist arb~,t.
All re~raXnt9~orzary' geapl.e of the wand are sadderzsd by the civ#1 war in AraF.~.Y.a. D?~fter-
enoee -rithin a rzatiotial ~,ibtration ztnvemarzt mxe ~ao;nethixzg z~arraal. The retract attitude
iii to encourasr un.itq ixi their common etrugg~.e ?o cambat the enaa~r and drive out the
cal,onia~.iazte, R'taat is w~ the Organixatian of African Tlasit~ has recograi:~~ and suppartad?
s$1 the three libea+5~tian ax?ganizatioz~s i.n Asz,Sa~.a sza~eaSed ixa armFd atrax6gl?p and Baas zzede
tir+~l,es~s e31'arte to ,pramate unity in the Angolan n~atl.anal liberation radnezttent, But the
3avi~st leader8hip ~rhich cangidera itself as the patron of the zyat?onal libex-~atian mnv~-
are~zt disregards tote agraemtssst reaa:zed az~rz8 the three Azagrzxan arganizati.~a~zss ~+n ursity
sg$inz3t the aJti~' and Fsxa, throxv3?t its prapegane'a r~eriia, indez~ztifi~l o:ye argani2atian
~zs r~s-c~lutionar~ and cetas,.axed anat~aer as reactiar_as~* z.n a delibrr~te ratb~aapt.?ta cz?~te
divis?xaz~, Furtherz~ore, it has sent large c~uantiti~:s o.f army, i:~s;.*.'~~.zdirg ka~sv,~ arm, to
nnre ~f Y,ta+~ Argaian ox'FSaxaizatiarszs. 'ITzat was k-~aa~ t2ze civil war ?r~s p~m~+za{aci ~zr Arzga3a.
The at~ler ~srap~poerer, on its p3r~, has z~+t lmg8!-d behind. Tkze sit't~atian i.aa 1~x~+l.a is
bai:ataing ever morns anm~iliaateds
Fr4r~ t~se vary beagin~ats~ Chj.:~za ha;~ gi~ren her supp+;srt to tae t~sat iac~l lib~???ati.~sxs z~avem~zt
i.ra Arsgaln. tie ~av~s r?tilitax~ aid to al`i three A.a-xgs-l~an lib~ratlcn nr;~ae~iz~ticn3 to hrlp
tk-az~s ?"igfizt .dart+~'~eS~s colanialism. being axax?e ~1` tiaeir dii'~wr~ncr~, w;e #^,ane z~ll alanz3
+arged them to unita3 against tF:e sneer'. .~ftnr the ~~"+'azna~t an izic3~Rpenderrae?rss ~:each~
'b+~tween tlxe A~olazx t7ationa3 liberation zz~a~r~.znenG and ~ortsaga7,, we sta?~pcc3 gi~rizzs~ new
xtilitazy aid to tYae tptrst~ Angalan arSani:.at2arz3. Such axe the i`act~, a.:.c~ ~`ar:+ca are more
eloquent ti~~, Ards? s Savi~*t s~:=aP243~rS a~ai*eat ~~aina oan :i7'z t~ way r~oler ~z~a `ht tr::th;
insst~d, the atax*re to lay' bare the true ?i':~tares of the "ovi~t Un:won.
2"!ae aiv'il we.r i~ Ar+-~la iza~tigawed bar ttze So~rf.et U;~ir~n is a aac~ t~air~, i~ut a; mod ?tlail?~
too.. St is gaud preciaelJ because it nezvars a?3 teaching zaateria~. ~'J neBau??: e ~~plt.,
A.3I ra~+t~blzaticnary zs~vem~nta are iao~xz:d to Pu trirmsagi~a tzaists and .turns. 'd~ ite'die~e xctat
the bxaad z~rsaea rs? the slrzgalan people, ~iPter experiencing setbacks and defeats, ~ri37?
a+erts~izxl;~~~~ld axzai~, persist in struggle, frustrat? the superYosrtr and particularly
Booiai-imperialist ma~asrnMs and ~rhiWa tta8lx izsdepesttdertce and liberat~.on. '.'cdeia' ~eu~pa~cy
difficaxties and sacr3#'ic.es will net anly r~reatly' enhances their ou;a politics'' ?~ra>~enesa,
but px^ovids a pt~o1'ar~,nf~ lds~t,rs ,far tkae li`ilsratl.on ::~rre;irenta of t'he appxpsssd ia~t3.oz~s
thrr~iagkiaut the ~aorla. '
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A5
. iv"`S~Y'.'Tn!' i0'!TAL r~FA ~tS
n scuts ern
ACl c:.?cw~.?etts~ '~tu3tiun prevails in ~i'rica. It was because the x'....:...
Airic3 wur? dr... cn into a corner that ~loxster of South A2`rirsa p~?~.r~vs?c: `'d.talaSu?~~ ?~~'
tween the nrinority white r^s~;ime of southern R2avdesia dnd the Zi.:"';atha natia:aal liberation
organizati.ans, This sign ifi~as o;~9y the weakness of the rac4.~',.. ,tx2c1 rat a.* ,.11 their
strength. mA.rau.3k1 such tactics tii?$ intend to disint;!~~raye the n~etianal x:.,~?ratian mave?
merit and to preserve the react~:anary white rule. The recent conference of heads of state
and government of` the Organiza'~ion ai' African [laity penetratingly s':a~ed that "Vnrster~s
det+!nte manoeuvres an Rhodesia area transparent trick to frustrate majority rule and to
disarm the' freedom-fighters. ~~ The conference stressed the necessity' of armed atruggl$.
calle+t an the Zimbabwe people to immediately intensify their armed struggle and expressed
the datermi.nation to fight by every means possible the wYsite xacist regimes until their
complete elimia7atian. We warmly support t;ais correct stand. We have always advocated tYte
use of revnlutianary dual tactics against the reactionaries counterrevolutionary dual
tactics.. Armed struggle is fundamental, the peoples armed farces must be strengthened
and not weakened, negotiations or no negotiations. Deviations and detours taay samet~.mes
occur in the complicated struggle against co'unterrevnlutianary dual tactics. But the
people will sum up their experience, overcame difficulties and continue to advance.
jh~ugh long and tortuous struSSles the people of sautnern Africa will eventually win
the complete liberation of the African continent.
II, The Korean Question
The independent atxd peaceful reunification of Korea is th.e common aspiration of the
entire Korean pgap:le. Oyer the years the I?emJocratic Feapl~:'s Republic of Korea has
gout forward many ~easanabla proposals and pra?rositinns for tt.. p~ceful reunification
of the fatherland. Thanks to its initiative, an aSreemert was reached with the South
Korean authorities in 29'72 an tht three principles for independenHaaw~er~Korea remainsr
cation, which w~Dhe affirmed by the UAF ixeneral Assembly ~~dlb7''the United States. hay
divide,3 today. because the Pak Chang=hui clique, suppors.. y
abandoned these principles and sabotaged the north-south talks.
Under the impact of the Great victory o~ the Indochinese peoples this year U. S.
nperia'ism became finicky. It en~~3v~ssly repeated the myth of a so-called "t~deli-
af a southward irtvasian fray t' - north" concocted by tre Pak Chang-hui clique.
tswrately payed up the tN.,':'~n ?:-n the Karmen P+:.ainsula an~3 erer- d'clared that it would
not hesitate to use nucl~~w^ weapons there. Backed and abetted. tay the United States,
ttxe Fax Chang-hui clique i:~~sued i.ts ~licy of national division with greater frenzy.
issued a succession o.f "?amergency laws", decxtr~okedtaseiffawKort~n warewPreitouctas
.suppression of the people in South Korea.
and go. As a matter of fact, that was much ado aboue nothing. It is new clear that
the Unitt!d State; and the Pa'~c ChonH-hui clique have acted in this way merely to create
a pretext and deceive the people of the world sa that U. S, traopss may han~5 an in South
Korea and the division oi' Korea may b2 perpetuated.. If there is a dar~;er of war on the
Korean Peninsula. it Can only originate frnm the South Korean authorities that constantly
clamour for "reunification by prevailing over communism,,` and absolutely' root from the
i;e;:wrratic Pepple's Republic of .Korea which inststs nn independent and peaceful reuni-
ficatian.
The draft resolution on Karma submitted by the LTnited States. ,japan and other Gauntries
this year claims a "3n'eparednass" to terminate the YJnited Nations command. ~ viously,
is no mention at all of the wit2xdrawal of foreign troops from South I~rea.
its purpose is, under the cover of terminatit~ the UN command, to legalize the presence
of U.S. troops in South Korea and create "two KorA.as."
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A b ~ PRC
1ktZ' SRPtAT ld I~1I, AFFA.x.,?..S
The U, S, mttenzpt to thrust the Pa:c Chorng-hui clique izzto the United nations 3s pmrt et
this scheir~s. Clearly, such a drai"t resolution can by ro nears lead to a peace:uu.l
s~;ttleraextt of the Korean question, rno matter haw nicely it is ~rnrdea, It is absolutely
unacceptable to us?
We love consistextt].y held that the Korean question should be settled by the Korean,
people themselves tree Prom ar~r outside iazterterenne. The draft resolution an Korea
submitted by Algeria, China and other countries proposes that the United Nations command
be dissolved and ai.l the foreign troops stationed in South Korea uxader the flag aP the
United Nations be withdrawn, and that the Korean armistice agreemext be replaced with
a peace agreement signed by the real patties to tk7e armistice agreement. Tt also puts
forward a.series at positive measures to remove tension, between North and South Korea,
prevent armed conflicts and prormts the normalization of the situation. This proposal
is entirely Just and reasonable. It not onnly meets the eager des~.re o? the entire
ktoreat-people but is canducfve to the fundamental improvemernt of the situation of the
Korean Penimsula and in northeast Asia.
The CTnited. Nations command mast be dissolved. .From the day of its formation it has been.
illegal. atsd a tool of U.S, aggression. In fact, it has become a U,S, nomtnand.long since,
xowever, the dissolution of the L'N corusand must be coupled with the withdrawal vP all the
Foreign troops fxom South Korea, Fbr What tirauld be the point of merely changing the
name while keeping everythlxxg else irstact? Continued presence of U.S, troops in South
Korea .under whatever name nantravenes the principles of the indeperulextt and peaceful
reunification of Karen and will. only aggravate the tension obi the Korean Peninsula.
Z'he question of withdrawal of al]. the foreign troops from Korea sY,auld have 'been discussed
and, settled withl.n 3 months after the signizag ai the Korean armistice agreement. xhis
has been delayed far no lass tksan 22 years because at obstructions planed by successive
Ataeriean administrations. And 17 pears have passed since the Chinese Peaple~s Volunteers
withdrew oa their awn initiative from the T3emocratic k'eapleis Republic of Korean to
facilitate a peaceful settlement of the Korean questzo,ns, I+tow there are no foreign
troops in North Korea, but U,S, troops stial hang an in South Korea, Far how cuch
longer does tk2e United States intend to prolong such a state of affairs.
Korea cannot remain forever in a state of armistice. The U,S, representatives idea
for the United States azxd the'Snuth Korean authorities to propose to the parties aF the
armistice the convening of a nonterence to discuss ways to preserve the agreement has
been in ex3atence for 22 years, and how mach longer will it be preserved2 Maxeaver, as
is IGnnwn to all, the parties of the'KoreaA armistice agreement Z}ave in fact changed a
great dual, The Chinese Peaple~s V'aluxiteers withdrew Prom Korea long ago. Most co~otaents
aP the United Nativz~s command have dispersed and evaporated into thin, air, So how can
such a confererane be converted? As for the exploration at such a conference of the
possibility at a larger oonferernne to negotiate a mare fundamental arrangement, is it not
even maze iapractical? A3'ter the armistice in 1953r under the provisions of the armistice
agreeros~xt a political conference of a higher level should have been held to settle the
Korean question. kiowever, owing to .sabotage by the United States, even its. prelimixnaxy
talks failed to protluce~ any result, Subsequently in 1g54, the Korean and Chinese sides
~a.de tremendous efforts in Geneva to urge the convening of a political afnPerertne of a
higher level. in the hope that ~ peaceful settlement of the Korean question could be
realized. At the time, the U,S, representative, stubbox~tily"-.and arbitrarily clinging,
to his orm course,' wezst so tar as to re,ftise to reapers arm discussions an the Korean
qusstion in the future, Thus, the United states singlehandedly slammed the door to a
politic~xl. ea~1.f'erence on the Koren question.
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A ~ ~NT~R.'dA'!'~NAL AFFAIRS
7xs the actual. circurr~tances at present, the practical way is for the real parties to
the I[orean armistice agreement to negotiate and sign a peace agreement to replace try
armistice agreement. The facts over. the past two decades and proves moxe that
G,S. itYteryerence in Korea is the root cause of coxzstartb tensions in Korea. Therefore,
the key to a peaceY'ttl settlement of the Korean question lies in the conclusion of a
peace agreement to replace the armistice agreement and in t2:e withdrawal of all i1.5.
troops.
The iTnited States asserts that as there is na normal international bau>7dary between
t3orth and South Korea, the armistice agreement and the demilitarized zone stipulated
therein abso2iste).y mast not be ehar>,ged. We cannot accept this view. Korea is only in
a state aP te'Mporary division. Hetweroevi~onalademarcati lineherSiaace bathNorthas~1
i~ernatiassal boundary but only a p
South Korea have agreed on $he u~tual nonuse aP farce and on reunification by peaceful
~a~, why ~hoLild it .b~ irr~ossiblsr for some necessary measures to be agreed on to settle
this problem pending the peaceful reunification? It is groundless to assert. that a war'
will break out tan Korea in ttbe absence of the armistice agreement.
The Chinese delagatian maisxraixsa that the draft resolution an Aorea sponsored by Algeria
and other cuurstries is one that can solve the problem. ode hope that the current session
of the S#enera]. Assembly will seriously considel* and adopt this draft resolution?
IIT. The. Middle East Question,
Since the October war. the Diddle East has reverted to a state of "no war, no peace."
This is the result of the fierce and many-sided contention between the two superpowers
carried an aga.3nst the will of the APdb and Palestinian peoples.
I~aa,rin$ this period, disengagement agreements were signed between Egypt and Tsrael and
between Syria and Cereal. Recently, a second disengagement agreement has beers signed
by Egypt and Xsrael. Nevertheless, the Middle East question is far S'ra,n beixsg settled.
Tt is mainly fnr the two superpowers that are to be held responsible far this state of
affairs~? Tn the 2 years since the Qctober war, one superpower proposed a "comprehensive
solution; and the other a "stein-by~step solution" of the Middle East question, each
trying hard to boost itself and denigrate the others and masquerade as a friend of the i~rab
and Palestinian peoples? Tel Pact, while the United States has zxa intexstian of bringing
about a thorough settlemexst Anf tl~e Middle East question, the Soviet Un3.oan is still less
inclined to do so. Tt may be recalled that when the October war in th+ f~.dd].e East was
at its mast critical ,puncture and thereafter,' the Soviet Union withheld the
shipment at arms already promised to Egypt and even pressed fox tk>'ee repayment vz debts.
Haw can one expect such a perfidious country ,to support in earnest the Arab people in
their dust 'struggle far the recovery of the lost territiries and the xestaratian of the
Palestinian national rights?
Botts superpowers3 have the need to maintain a state of? r'nca war, no peace" in the Middle
East-+-brief fighting fallawed by a per~+dd of truce, with bath war and peace kept under
contra].. Taking adva~age of this state of affairs, thel- contend 'for spheres of
influence, places of strategic importance and oil resources l.n the Middle .cast.
Taking advaa;atage of the satr,e, they .sell musicians in order to reap fabulous profits
and alleviate their awn econastti.c difficulties. Again taking advantage of this, they
test new weapons in preparation for a. new war on a larger scale. This is done at
the e:Kpet'-se of the fundamerstal interests of the people in the Middle East.
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 ? x. No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/10/01 : LOC-HAK-112-7-9-0
- I.'~ERNATI02tAL AFPA~tS
Coantleas agreements on the ~Sf.udle East have been reached inside a~ outside the [united
Hat ions izz the past 20-edd. dears, iicsw, in retrospect, is there any agreement that has
been strictly observed by ti7e _TS~aeli aggressor, or that has brougYrt about a basic
change in the Ml.dd].e East sityza.tianY Nana, practically none, In the final analysis,
it is mt agreements vn paper but the struggle of the people that will determine the.
~#txtux~e of the D~cicile East, drat calls for close attention and vi.g$lance now is that a
superpower is taking advantage of the present situation tv sow discord and attempt to
undermine Arab unity. The Arab and Palestinian peoples rretst never be taken in.
The Chinese people have consistently supported the Arab apd Palestinian peoples in
their dust stru$g1e against the Israeli aggressors and have all along opposed ,superpower
cantentian in tlZa toddle East. We believe that the Palestinian and Arab peoples wi.ll,'
cord:irn~e to strengthen their unity, presevere in struggle. and carry their Fight against
aggression and hegamonaLsra through to the encl.
ZV, Tk~ Quest3;osa of DisarmamezYt
Disarn~-msnt is an old question, At a time when there is a growing daxager of a new
world xar, it is fully usad.erstandable that the people of all caurltries, axed those of
the x'ktird and Seaofld World countries in particular, should feel more cocxe~ned about
this quesCiat~, After the European'Security Ganference, the Soviet leadership has become
particalarlg clamorous for "cvmplemereting political detente by military deterxtefin
preachixsg that the most important task now is general and complete disarmamenx, This
is making.pol~.tical profit out of the well-intsrxtivned.de~ire of the people of the
world. It is a calculated fraud,
Ar~yvne haying ?respect far realities taxi see that in Europe there 'is nA political detente
at all bu't a fierce and all-sided canterition between the two superpowers, ~diately
ai'ter the conclusion of the European Security Cax~t'erence the Soviet Union violated
tsoz~rayis alrspaea. Ys this not another proof that the so-called detente is dust empty
talk? Tn advocate iri these circutt~starxses the expanding, develaping.in depth a~c-d spreading
of deterYte can only make people laugh their heads off,
Exploiting the developing cou~ries~ keen desire to develop their national ecoxsom~tes, the
Soviet Uxii.vn recently has again trumpeted its proposal far a ZO percent reduction of tkre
ffil3.tary budgets of the five permane~`members of the Security Council and the use of
.part of the Funds thus saved to provide assistance to developing countries. The Soviet
Union deems this proposal its masterstroke, and its represerctatives Piave tried to sell it
to us here for.nn one krxaws how mares times. Hut so far he has failed to inform us ~txst
how big the real Soviet military budget is, It would probably take several years to get.
this cleair. And who knows how maxfiq m're bet'are military budgets can trul`q be reduced
as proposed by the'Soviet [Tniorit This magnificent Soviet plan, to use a Chinese saying,
is "to draft a pie to satisfy hunger," If the developing courstries were to wait fox such
assistance, wouldntt they be left h?lpless :like ntehe strazyded i'ish which is promised
water to be fetched from a distant sea?"
l~hinats views on d3sarAe.ment are known to all. We are Por disarmament. But it oust be
genuine ana not phoney iisarmament. We are against phot7ey disart~amerct, and stibl more
against the Soviet attempt to use a disarmament conference as a veil to rover up the truth:
of its arms exQansian and war prepax~tions, The two superpowers aasA quickening their
pace towards a new world war. At this puncture, a disarmaz~rr-t conference ire whatever
Corm wi.zl axxly vreate illusions of peace, serve to deceive and lull the people of the world
and bized '~EtlandS of the rriuumeroua small and medium couzitries, This is ''what we are
firmly against,
No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/10/01 : LOC-HAK-112-7-9-0
 No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/10/01 : LOC-HAK-112-7-9-0
As regards a waz~ld disarmament car.'v=crate. China keeps ~? ereonditio~ns.e~n,iF, clear air
ago. Namely, it r~zst have a clear Gi;7 and the necessary' p
is the CUI',~Tlete prohibition and a::3z'ough destruotion of rar.cle~ar weapons,.. ar'ui absolutely
zuat t?~: ao-caked lim'_tation of '~_?_;.uegic lrrrs. ^'rse necaur:>a~y pT"a--ca.~.. ~:~ are::
all nuclear countries, and pa:ticuwarl~r the two nuclear superpo~~rers, t?^.e ~ovi.et Union
and the united States, isust first o? all undertake the unequivocal obligation that they'
will not be the first to use rraelear weapons at ar~Y time and in arry circurastax~es, and
in particular Will not use rnlclear ueapans again '; :ion-nuclear caun".ries and rntclear-
free zones, and that they mast withdraw from abroad all their arr.~d forces, including
nuclea^-r:issile i'orces,and dismantle all their military bases, incluaing rxuclear bases,
on the territories of other wnuntries. But now the superpowers even refuse to uzu~er-
na
nuclear weapons against tY:e
i
c
a
~~ d
ng
take the mi.xii.mlam obligation of not us
disarrre.ment
countries, How can it be said that cond~.tions are ripe for hol.d3.xig
conference".
'Historical experience merits attention. The more the imperialists diffuse a sr~kescreen
of disarmament, the bigger is the danger,af war. E~eScire Ytorld zz, a large-scale
ircternatianal disarmament conference lasting nearly j years was held under the sponsox-
ship of the League oT Nations a4'ter nearly 7 yca~s of prepaa~~an~insteaafedisarma nt,als
and suggestions were discussed. But the results. Arms carp
and war instead of peace. The only effect of that conference was to pixt rranCy countries
.off guard and as a result" they were caught unprepared by the outbreak of the Second
World War and suffered a great deal.
We ha~.d that the CTnited IYattons should not regieat the ~nistalce of the i~eague of Nations.
Nevertheless, as was expected, the Soviet Union tabled at this session of the General
Assembly a proposal for the "camrPlete and general. proYLbitian az" rna.clear weapon tests."
This is old ware in near wrappings and another of its tricks Tor raairttai.ning rnxclear
rmnapoly'. ?tiina's stand an this c~uestior, is clear to all and yre will not repeat it.
As regards tk+a Soviet praposal.for the prohibition of the rnufacture of what it calls
new type;, oT weapons even more form.~dable than rnxclear weapons, its aim is none other tk~.an
to divert people's attention from thr: imr~diate issuesi by talking about rermte things,
Let it be discussed by thas~ ,,~ are prepared to manufacture such yreapoxls. There is no
need to bring i.t up hsr~ to scare people.
V. The Question aT Develap~nt
Since the 6th special sessi.an of the General Assembly, the 'third Wand countries have
exalted effective struggles and put forward a s?ries of reasonable proposals and ideas
Tar trans farming the' old isaternatiana.l economic~ordere bower intimidation and threats, a.nd
al.],weacporti'ng cauntriis have bravel,I stood up t? s p rp counntries
kept a firm hold do their oil 'resources ana ? their right to fiat oil prices, N~.r~v
have adopted measures against transnatioral corporations to regain their sovereign rights
in varying degrees. Various associations of aaaw r~2.ter~.al-praduci.ng countries have bean
set up one after arx~ther. The Third World countries have put forward a~xnzmber proposals,
such as the inte~ted programme Tar comravdtties a;sd the iru3exation of prices, far the
transforrc>ation of the preset7:t irrational international ecommtc order. The s~.tuation
of the struggle in the economic field against colonialism, irxperialism and hegennnisn
is exaelle~.
There are two conflicting positions on the question of develaptaent. The position taken
by the Third World is for ~,~ntaining independence and self-reliance, transforming the
old economic order of exploitation of the'Third i~torld by a few big powers and
ablishi.ng a new ecaraamdc order an the principles of sovereignty, equality a.'zd rutual
No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/10/01 : LOC-HAK-112-7-9-0
 No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/10/01 : LOC-HAK-112-7-9-0
a Lo
The other position, ta3aen by the auperpearers, stresses "interdgpexderaca" csr "inter-
ratioral division of Labour" been thB exploiting and the exploited countries in an
tsttentpt to preserrve the old sccxxamic order. Are the iaxlvstriaily developed aountri~aa and
th4 raw materiel-;srt~d*~ci:~r, ccuntriea in#.crdependent? 7('='~, try are, xhis !.^:tardapeaxlence
haz been in esciaterses alter slrace tt>e earergexsce o! a aix~le world market. 'I~ie point is
arimt kind of interdeperxgence, It may b+e said th2t there is an interdependetsce beta~reen
tYoe horse and ~,ta rider. But, a+e all kssar- it is the horse that taloea t3'ta burden and not
the rider. As tax "iasterx>atioratl di.visian of labour," it is irz essence ors ar~d the seals
ors "intardeperydence." With the eanergarsca o! colonialisas and imperialism, a raw and intadr-
xaatio~cal division of 3.abour sprang up in the world tisat cornrerted o:se part oP the globe
into a chially agriculture.l field oP graductian serving the other part which was a chi3fly
ir~luatrial field. B+At to call such cosmopolitan exploitation intert~ationaLism is an idea
that could only be engendered in the brains at the social-inrperiaiieta, Whether or not
thane is exploitation in the existing interlaatiara-l acor~pric relations and whettAex~ or not
axy etad'~ shoayld be put to such exploltatian-r-this is a real problem of great importa~ace #oday.
~Pb~arda the dewa7pd o! the '!'bird world for translormix~ the old international economic ardor,
fire ditlerix9g attitudes artr adopted by diltere~a~ae induatriaily developed countstiiea, one
is d9.alagase, and tis~ other confrontation, Since the use o! oil as a areapon by the oil-
exportirg cauntr3~ea, aner superpower has kept hurling abusaa aari{~waviryg the big stick at them
arrd even threaten4d them with armed intervexstion iry an attempt to coerce them into Bub-
miasion, Tim other superpower has chimed. saying that oil prices should not be raised uni-
2~tterally arad asserting threateningly that the aggravation of the oil problem may cause a
~paar llax~-up of internati.oraai tensions. Hath tai an out-am-out 3a+perialist attitude.
we are firmly agcatssat tisia attitude, Facts ahosr that this mttitaaM, !fir lrprr subduing
tt~e o11-exporting Couldtxiua, only atimulafied them to Ciosar unity a~i herderisd their
!ig!-tigg Brill, we are in favour of dialogaae, Ls the goat year and axone. malslr ~IeaaaaA. world
aourstries novas frequently triad diftlogue with s tavmber o! Third world countries, and some
o! t3yasae attearpts nova yielded gositive results, Ties between the 9?coxad Ciorld and the
Third iforld have been, strrsngthezYed. x'lsis is a good ~phenoasdr.an fn the isxterraat3ox~l ecanosnic
line of tadsay.
~ ttar P'aaae o! the waraenin