FOREIGN RADIO AND PRESS REACTION TO PRESIDENT NIXON'S MIDDLE EAST VISIT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Library of Congress
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): LOC-HAK-182-3-5-1
• Release Decision: RIFLIM
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 43
• Document Creation Date: January 11, 2017
• Document Release Date: December 5, 2011
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: June 21, 1974
• Content Type: MEMO

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for official use only
FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
SPECIAL MEMORANDUM
FOREIGN RADIO AND PRESS REACTION TO
PRESIDENT aNIXON'S MIDDLE EAST VISIT
for official use only
21 JUNE 1974
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
This ropaganda analysis report is b sed exclusively on material
carried in foreign broadcast and p ess media. It is published
by F IS without coordination wi other U.S. Government
components.
FOR OFFICIAL
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
CONTENTS
SUMMARY . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
I. THE MIDDLE EAST .
Host Countries . . . . . ? ? . . .
Egypt . ?
Saudi Arabia . . . . . . 3
Syria . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jordan . . . . . . . . . . .
Israel . . . . . . . . . ? .
Other Arab Comment .. . . .
The Palestinians . . . . ? .
Iraq, Libya., South Yemen .
Lebanon
Maghreb, Other States . .
II. OTHER NONCOMMUNIST COUNTRIES
West Europe
Asia and Africa
Latin America .
4
. 6
10
. . 13
.. . . . . . . . . . . . 22
111. COMMUNIST COUNTRIES
The Soviet Union . . . ? . ? .
East Europe . . . . . . .
China .. . . . . . . . .
Other Asian Communist .
POP, OFFICIAL USE, ONLY
32
34
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
FOREIGN RADIO AND PRESS REACTION TO
PRESIDENT NIXON'S MIDDLE EAST VISIT
SUMMARY
Egyptian comment, stressing the change in the U.S. attitude toward
the Arabs as a result of the October war, placed great emphasis on
the "legitimate rights" of the Palestinian people and took satis-
faction in the reference to Palestinian "interests" in the joint
statement on the visit. Egyptian comment on Israeli reaction to the
U.S.-Egyptian agreement on nuclear energy decried "Zionist" attempts
to thwart the improvement of U.S.-Arab relations, and Egyptian Foreign
Minister Fahmi called for Israel to sign the nonproliferation treaty,
as Cairo has done, with the warning that if Israel were to conduct
an atomic test Egypt would do the same. After the President's visit
to Israel, Cairo press comment cautioned that unlimited U.S. supply
of arms to Israel was no longer justified and held Washington
responsible for curbing Israel's "expansionist" ambitions.
Saudi Arabia's King Faysal and Jordan's King Husayn expressed
appreciation of the President's visit, both making clear their
preoccupation with the problems of the Palestinians and of Jerusalem.
Syria, maintaining a low-key approach to the Presidential tour, was
the only Arab host not to broadcast the text of the President's
remarks. President al-Asad, like the other Arab leaders, placed
emphasis on the Palestinian "struggle."
Israeli media, giving the President's tour wide publicity, displayed
ambivalence, both welcoming the visit and expressing concern that
improved U.S.-Arab relations not develop at the expense of American
Israeli ties. The announcement on U.S.-Egyptian cooperation in
nuclear energy prompted wide reaction in Israel, with Foreign Minister
Alon first offering assurances to the Israeli public but later stating
that concern had been expressed to the United States and expressing
displeasure that Israel was not informed in advance.
Other noncommunist world reaction to the visit was cautious about
the practical results, and in many quarters apprehensive about the
long-term hazards introduced through the U.S. agreement to provide
both Egypt and Israel with nuclear power aid. West European media
stressed the trip's positive implications for Watergate, and
emphasized the unresolved Palestinian issue and the impact of the
Middle East visits upon the President's imminent Moscow summit visit.
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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21 JUNE 1974
Among Asian noncommun st countries, Jap
most extensive reportage and comment on
"breakthrough" in U.S. relations with th
concern over the Palestine question and
the spread of nuclear technology to the
and press comment gave special attention
criticizing President Nixon for increasi
agreements. Limited available African c
the nuclear issue. Available Latin Amer
favorable, but limit d in volume.
Moscow media gave brief, factual report
with TASS and the ce tral press providi
coverage of some speeches in Cairo and
concluding the visit to Egypt and Isra
confined primarily t PRAVDA's weekly i
Arabic-language talk on the '"xiiioff'icia
The sparse coverage of the visit, to get
of concern, suggest oviet'indecision a
The emerging approach seems to be one o
of a new U.S. relationship with the Ara
the Soviet Union for new directions in
Moscow's pursuit of etente. I
Moscow at the same t me has pointed out
lessening of U.S. su port for Israel, a
the new Arab-America relationship to r
ties with the Soviet Union. Soviet. corn
benefits of detente in connection with
portraying a joint U S.-Soviet role in
fighting, convening he Geneva peace co
disengagement agreem nts.
Moscow's East Europe n allies generally
"imperialist" aims i the Middle East,
reflecting greater U.S. awareness of Ar
Limited comment saw in Secretary Kisstn
conference threat to resign a reaction
of detente.
's media provided the
he trip, seeing a
Arabs but pointing up
xpressing dismay over
rea. Australian officia
to the nuclear issue,
g the hazard by the new
mmment also laid stress o
can reaction was general y
ge on the President's tri
g fuller, if selective,
amascus and of statements
1. Scanty comment has be
ternational reviews and
" Radio Peace and Progres
er with oblique indicatio
to how to handle the tou
accommodation to the ide
s, while seeking to credi
merican policy through
that there has been no
d that the Arabs do not w nt
place their "traditional"
ent has also stressed the
:fiddle East developments,
ontaining the October
ference, and achieving the
saw no basic change in U.S.
ut viewed the trip as
.b power in the area.
;er's Salzburg press
o attacks by U.S. oppone is
Asian communist repo tage and reaction to the. President's trip w
limited and generall low key. Peking ,onfined its coverage to
factual NCNA reports focusing on the Eg pt and Syria visits, and
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FEIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
not yet acknowledged the U.S. pledges of nuclear power aid to
Egypt and Israel. Peking comment prior to the visit saw in it
evidence of U.S. strength vis-a-vis Moscow prior to the scheduled
Moscow summit visit. Vietnamese communist media provided very
sparse coverage stressing alleged U.S. duplicity and giving play
to Palestinian statements of defiance. North Korean and Mongolian
People's Republic media ignored the visits.
Cuban communist reaction, predictably harsh, stressed the themes
that Watergate and U.S. imperialist ambitions in the Middle East
were behind the trip and expressed doubt that the Egyptian
welcome for the President was genuine.
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
THE MIDDLE EAST
HOST COUNTRIES
EGYPT Before President Nixon's arrival in Egypt and throughout
his stay in the Middle East, Egyptian media and officials
expressed optimism about the visit and welcomed it. The President's
activities in Egypt were given blanket media coverage, from Cairo
radio's live relay of his arrival on 12 June to the live relay of
his departure for Saudi Arabia on the 14th. The speeches exchanged
between Nixon and as-Sadat were broadcast live, with President
Nixon's remarks in English followed by a translation into Arabic.
The speeches were repeated in Arabic in subsequent newscasts. The
visits by President Nixon to various historic points also received
wide coverage.
A theme common to both official and media reaction was that the U.S.
stand toward the Arabs "has changed considerably since the October
war." A Cairo radio news analysis on 12 June said: "This visit
reflects the extent of the change that has taken place in U.S.
diplomacy toward the Middle East crisis after the October war."
An AL-AKHBAR editorial on the 12th, as cited by Cairo radio, said
that the masses will welcome not only Nixon, but also as-Sadat,
since he was "able to change the U.S. Government's policy."
Citing Egyptian officials' comments on the visit, the MIDDLE EAST
NEWS AGENCY (MENA) on 12 June said that Fitst Deputy Prime Minister
Dr. 'Abd al-'Aziz Hijazi described Nixon's visit to Egypt "as a
sign of appreciation for the Arabs," and quoted Foreign Minister
Isma'il Fahmi as saying that the visit is "the direct outcome of the
October war." On the 13th MENA reported that Egyptian papers featured
the "great official and popular welcome accorded to the first U.S.
President to visit Egypt" and highlighted the speeches exchanged
between Presidents as-Sadat and Nixon. Reviewing the Cairo press,
MENA said that AL-AHRAM concluded that Nixon's visit was "an
opportunity for translating the U.S. President's appreciation of
President as-Sadat into definite commitments to remove the causes of
tension in the area and to achieve the goal of a just peace."
AL-AKHBAR was quoted as saying that "peace is the fulcrum of
President Nixon's visit to Egypt" and the Middle East.
Egyptian statements and comment were careful to assert the emphasis
Cairo places on the "legitimate rights" of the Palestinian people,
with President as-Sadat declaring in one speech that the "political
solution and respect for the national aspirations of the Palestinians
are the essence of the whole problem." Cairo radio commentator
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hts" of the Palestinian
nterest" because in
"in an official documen
Muhammad Sharaf on 1 June noted that t
Egyptian statement referring to the "ri
people "aroused sig ificant world-wide
that clause the Uni ed States recognize
that the Palestinia
Sharaf called this
the Palestinian cau
noted that in impor
been and would be h
that his talks with
securing a declarat
issue as "a politic
There has been exte
on Israeli and "U.S
Egyptian statement
a 16 June press co
campaign" launched
cooperation on the
campaign" to comba
States and Egypt a
circles were basin
Dayan, but said th
foreign minister a
already had, or wa
the same as those
if Dayan and the I
introduced in the
In an AL-AKHBAR in
that Egypt could p
this horrible weap
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21 JUNE 1974
e clause in the U.S.-
17th, according to MENA,
and "sound treatment" of
s are entitled to "their full legitimate rig
problem of refugees."
d toward the Palestinian
ons President as-Sadat ha
sident's visit, he explai
e primarily aimed at
n important step t
e. AL-AHRAM on th
ant Arab consultat
iding after the Pr
President Nixon we
on of the U.S. sta
problem and not
sive comment from
n "nuclear energy.
ference reported by
y "U.S. Zionist ci
peaceful use of ato
the improvement i
d the Arab.worl#.
their reaction on
t Dayan had "conce
ded that the nucle
negotiating for w
n the U.S.-Egyptia
raeli officials di
rea, they must sig
erview reported by
oduce an atomic ex
n into the area,"
gyptian media and officials
to point three of the U. q.
Foreign Minister Fahmi in
MENA described a "rabid
Iles" over Egyptian-U.S.
is energy as "an organized
relations between the United
certain statements by Mos-ie
led certain facts." The
r power facilities Israel
th the United States, wer
pact. Fahmi declared that
not want atomic weapons
the nonproliferation treaty.
MENA on the 18th,Fahmi said
losion "if Israel introd ces
nd added that Egypt had igtied
the nonproliferat4 n treaty "but it wLll not ratify the treaty
unless Israel joins it."
Cairo press comme
as AL-AHRAM said
AL-JUMHURIYAH on
said Egypt had ac
Arab cause, such
a just and perman
the President "no
ment toward the M
to the fact the p
and agree on gene
t assessing the res
n the 14th, as a ne
he 16th, according
ieved several impo
nt peace. AL-JUMH
iceably avoided" m
ddle East issue in
esent task was to
al principles.
its of the visit has viewed it,
peace opportunity.
to Cairo radio's press review,
tant political gains for he
commitment" to the need or
RIYAH explained that whil
king any detailed U.S. commit-
his speeches, this was du
stablish common understanding
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21 JUNE 1974
In the wake of the President's visit to Israel, AL-AHRAM observed
on the 17th that while the President realized that peace in the
area "and the stability of oil exports" were dependent on an
overall solution, such a solution must realize the Palestinians'
"legitimate rights" and Israel "must recognize the reality of the
Palestinian homeland." The United States, AL-AHRAM said, must
now "prove that it can be independent of Israel" and give preference
to what serves not only U.S. interests but the interests of peace
in the area. In an article on the 18th, AL-AHRAM recalled the
President's statement in Israel that peace, as well as fighting,
required courage, but a courage of a different kind. If the United
States was serious about the establishment of peace, then it was
capable of giving Israel a lesson in the other kind of courage,
AL-AHRAM said, adding that the unlimited supply of U.S. arms to
Israel "is no longer justified," and the United States "becomes
responsible" for ending Israel's "expansionist ambitions" in the
area.
Some comment affirmed that Egypt's new friendship with the United
States would not develop at the expense of Cairo's relations with
Moscow. AKffBAR AL-YAWN chief editor Mustafa Amin was:cited_by MENA
on the 15th as declaring that "we will not buy U.S. friendship by
selling out Soviet friendship, but rather will simultaneously maintain
the friendship of the two superpowers." A Cairo Voice of the Arabs
commentary on the 12th welcomed the President's visit as evidence
of the "vital and constructive role" to be played by the United States,
but another Voice of the Arabs commentary the same day emphasized that
American-Egyptian realtions did not "shut the door" to "any other
international power." While praising the "practical outlook" of the
President and Secretary Kissinger and stressing Cairo's "confidence"
in their stands, the commentary pointed out that there would be no
friendship with one party "at the expense of another party."
SAUDI ARABIA The Saudi radio provided extensive reportage on the
President's trip throughout the area and particularly
his stay in Jiddab,but there was no monitored comment on the visit.
Riyadh radio on 14 June reported the banquet given by King Faysal and
later broadcast recordings of the speeches exchanged by the king and
President Nixon, whose speech was carried in English with passage-by-
passage Arabic translation. Faysal in his speech declared that "the
injustice and aggression inflicted on the Palestinian people is
unprecedented in history." He expressed Saudi Arabia's faith that the
United States would work for peace, adding that "we believe there
will be no real and lasting peace in the area until Jerusalem is
liberated and returned to Arab sovereignty, all the occupied Arab
territories are liberated, and the Palestinian Arab people recover
their right to their homeland and to determine their own fate."
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Prior to the Presid
reported a statemen
as-Saqqaf stressing
and on 15 June it c
praising the "histo
Nixon's arrival? Riy
nt's visit, the Sa
by Minister of St
ONLY FBIS REACTION REP RT
21 JUNE 1974
di radio on 8 June had
to for Foreign Affairs
usefulness of the visit
ith the U.S.'ambassador
e, just before President
e comments of Foreign
mmad Ibrahim Mas'ud.
its policy toward the
that its interest lies
era." He continued:
ted States will stand by
visit to Saudi Arabia in
t it "confirms and crowns
the significance an
rried an interview
ic" trip. On 14 Ju
dh radio carried t
Ministry Under Secre
Noting American prep
Arabs," Mas'ud said:
here, and it therefo
"All that the Arabs
justice and right."
particular, the unde
the new American pol
SYRIA Syrian med
Nixon's Mi
the President's arri
countries, but no me
from any Syrian sour
that four "prominent
to participate in th
was not carried by S
ary ash-Shaykh Muh
redness "to change
"America realized
e has opened a new
ope is that the Un
On the President's
secretary said th
cy."
a maintained a low
east tour. The ra
als, departures an
tion of Nixon's st
e. On 14 June the
members" of the Sy
reception for the
Tian media.
key approach to President
io carried reportage on
contacts in the Arab
p in Israel was monitored
IRAQI NEWS AGENCY reporte
,an Communist Party refus
President. The INA repor
of the President's
.s radio. A radio
the "great guest"
ween the two presi
following day. Da
President Hafiz a
Asad talked of the
displaced for 26 y
impossible "withou
1d President Nixon
ublic will constit
en our two countri
.d to al-Asad's spe
?ed announcer-read
During the Syrian lei
monitored from Damasc
arrival ceremonies fo
reported the talks be
"prominent guest" the
announcer-read text o
the 15th, in which al-
people who "have been
peace in the area was
to this cause." He t
to the Syrian Arab Re
era in relations betw
President Nixon repli
Later newscasts featu
President's speech.
tour, no live relays were
eport gave details of th
on the 15th and briefly
ents and departure of th
ascus broadcast an
-Asad's banquet speech o
struggle of the Palestinian
ars." Al-Asad said that
a real and just solution
"We hope that your visit
to the beginning of a new
s." The radio noted that
ch, but gave no details.
uotations from the
Damascus radio on the 16th carried an announcer-read text of a
statement to the pres by President al-Aslad which said: "As we
understand it, the ag eement on the dise
a first step and an i divisible part of t
of the question--a so ution which cannot
agement . . . constitute
e just overall solution
xist without" Israel's
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21 JUNE 1974
withdrawing from all occupied Arab land and the rights of the
Palestinians being secured. Al-Asad also announced the decision
to restore U.S.-Syrian diplomatic relations. Following the text
of al-Asad's statement, the radio carried a report on President
Nixon's remarks to the press. The Syrian news agency on 16 June
carried an apparent text, in Arabic, of Nixon's statement. In
reporting the departure ceremonies for the Nixon party on the
16th, Damascus radio did not mention the President's next stop,
Israel. On the 17th the radio reported the President's arrival
in Jordan and covered his activities there and his departure for
home on 18 June.
Damascus radio on the 17th briefly reported that the raising of
the U.S. flag over the U.S. embassy was "celebrated today" following
restoration of diplomatic relations. No press comment on the visit
was reviewed by Damascus radio, but MENA,-in a Damascus dispatch on
the 15th, said the Damascus ATH-THAWRAH frontpaged photographs
of presidents Nixon and al--Arad and "devoted banner headlines" to the
visit.
JORDAN Amman radio carried in-depth reportage on all of
President Nixon's stops in the Middle East. Both radio
and press comment on the visit, although minimal, praised the Nixon
visit and U.S. efforts for peace in the area. Amman radio quoted
the Jordanian newspaper AR-RA'Y as saying on 10 June that the visit
shows the "highest degrees" of American policy interest. The radio
again quoted AR-RA'Y on the 12th as warning that the accusations
against Dr. Kissinger concerning Watergate were a threat by "forces"
trying to direct American foreign policy. On the 15th Amman reported
AR-RA'Y's praise of the President's visit to Cairo and the joint
statement issued there.
In an unattributed commentary on 16 June, Amman radio commended U.S.
efforts to bring peace to the Middle East, but stressed that peace
was impossible without Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories,
"especially Jerusalem," and without Israeli acknowledgment of Arab
rights. Another unattributed commentary carried by Amman radio on
the 17th repeated praise of U.S. peace efforts and the necessity
for Israeli withdrawal.
On 17 June Amman radio carried a live relay of President Nixon's
arrival. The radio later carried a live relay of speeches exchanged
between King Husayn and Nixon at a banquet; both men spoke in
English, and there was no Arabic translation. Following the relay
the radio returned to a studio-originated broadcast for an announcer-
read Arabic text of Husayn's speech. Presumably no Arabic version of
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21 JUNE 1974
the President's speech was then available; the following day
Amman broadcast an
and also carried th
visit. The departu
including the speec
state. Arabic-lang
later newscasts. Af
reported various soc
Presidential party o
rabic-language repo
text of the joint
e ceremony was rela
s exchanged in Eng
ge reports on both
er the President's
al activities and
18 June, includin
ISRAEL Israeli m
on the Pr
similar treatment of
speeches in Israel w
followed by a brief
texts of Nixon's spe
casts as well as in
Comment on the trip
concern that improve
of Tel Aviv's ties w
press review, HAZOFE
visit with "hope and
of the process in th
empire in the Middle
NASHA STRANA, HADASH
dia featured volum
sidential visit to
his stay in Israel
re carried live in
nnouncer-supplied
ches'were carried
he Israeli press.
as ambivalent, exp
U.S.-Arab relatio
th Washington. In
trust," while SHE
t of the Nixon speech,
tatement issued on the
ed live over Amman radio
ish by the two heads of
speeches were carried on
departure, Amman radio
ours attended by the
a military ceremony.
noun reportage and comma t
the Arab countries and
All of Nixon's public
English by Israeli radios,
ummary in Hebrew. Hebrew
n subsequent radio news-
essing both welcome and
s not develop at the expe se
Jerusalem radio's 10 June
forward to the forthcom ng
IM called the visit part
ablishing an American
the British empire."
"realization of es
East on the ruins o
ISRAEL and NOWINY
rapprochement with
careful that the U.S.
"at our expense." Co
DAVAR on the 13th, ac
friendship" being fo
it would not be "at t
Jerusalem media indic
for the President's t
problems of Soviet an
correspondent noted o
issues, would dominat
the Knesset discuss S
forthcoming President
broadcast of Jerusale
carried a recorded in
request, in which Alo
Jewry during the Pres
by the Golan disengag
later that day quoted
Nixon and Kissinger i
enting on the Pre
ording to Jerusale
ed between Washing
e expense of the o
ted that among the
lks in Israel woul
Syrian Jewry. Th
the 12th that eco
the talks. Likud
rian and Soviet Je
al visit was repor
s international s
erview with Foreig
asserted that Ame
the Arab states is not
ident's welcome in Egypt,
radio, saw a "political
on and Cairo and hoped t at
d friendship with Israel."
top issues'on the agenda
be further aid and the
s, a Jerusalem radio
omic, rather than politic 1
leader Begin's request th t
ry in connection with the
ed in an English-language
rvice on the 11th. The r dio
Minister Alon on Begin's
scan efforts "to aid Syri n
ascus would be facilitat d"
dential visit to Da
ment agreement. A
Alon as saying that
demands for the release of Syrian Jews.
erusalem radio broadcast
the "special position" won by
le them to make "humanit rian
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21 JUNE 1974
Jerusalem radio on 13 June featured an interview with Ambassador
Dinitz on his arrival from Washington to prepare for Nixon's visit.
Asked about the dangers for Israel from a U.S.-Arab friendship,
Dinitz replied that, on the contrary, U.S.-Israeli relations
should be strengthened by "furthering U.S. interests in the Middle
East."
On 14 June Jerusalem radio carried a government statement "thanking"
the United States for its traditional aid to the state of Israel.
The statement concluded that the government "hopes that the
Presidential tour will help the Middle East countries to overcome
their hostility and aggressive tendencies."
Following the Cairo announcement of U.S.-Egyptian cooperation in
the nuclear energy field, wide-scale and varied reaction was reported
from Israel. Information Minister Aharon Yariv was quoted by
Jerusalem radio on the 14th as confirming that Israel was also
negotiating for U.S. help in that field. Yariv said that the
U.S.-Egyptian agreement meant nothing more than "American aid to
Egypt for the production of electricity from nuclear reactors."
Foreign Minister Alon commented on this subject in an interview
carried by Jerusalem radio on 15 June. Asked if he was "worried"
by the U.S.-Egyptian agreement, he said: "When the reference is
to nuclear power stations and nuclear fuel . . . under agreed
supervision, there is no danger in that." Alon's views were
described as "irresponsible" and "liable to seriously harm Israel's
security" by Knesset member Shemu'el Tamir, as reported by Jerusalem
radio. "In the wake of the many repercussions" from the U,S.-
Egyptian cooperation, Alon spoke again on Jerusalem radio on the
15th. He said that he was "neither pleased nor frightened" by
the agreement, and added that even if it were only for peaceful
reasons, "it is much too soon . . . there is as yet no economic
justification." Alon also expressed displeasure that "we were not
informed . . . in advance."
On the 16th Jerusalem radio reported a special meeting of the
Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee with the foreign
minister, precipitated by the committee's "concern over the U.S.
agreement with Egypt." Jerusalem papers on 16 June, ,as reported
by Jerusalem radio, welcomed Nixon to the area and hailed U.S.
efforts for peace, but continued to convey concern over the U.S.-
Egyptian pact.
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Jerusalem radio on t e irp 16th gave live c
arrival at Ben-Gurio aort, includin
welcoming speech in nglish and Nixon's
reported briefly on he initial U.S.-Is
to live coverage, Je usalem radio carri
speeches, given in E glish, at a banque
Jerusalem radio on t e 17th carried a r
Kissinger's press co ference in Jerusal
provided on subseque't newscasts. Info
was quoted by Jerusa em radio on 17 Jun
remarks by Kissinger He repeated Isra
negotiate" with the alestine Liberatio
said that a Palestin an state between J
endanger Israel."
NLY FBIS REACTION REP
21 JUNE 1974
verage of Nixon's
President Katzir's
reply. The radio also
aeli talks. Returning
d the two presidents'
in the Knesset.
port on Secretary
m, with further details
ation Minister Yariv
on his reaction to
l's stand "not to
Organization and also
rdan and Israel "would
A radio corresponden is report on the U.S.-Israeli statement on
the visit was broadc st by Jerusalem radio on the 17th; the text
of the statement was published the follo ing day in the Hebrew-
language papers DAV and HA'AREZ. The 1eparture ceremonies on
the 17th were covere live by Jerusalem adio.
In its review of the Israeli press for 1
that "satisfaction" s voiced over the
"continue to stand by Israel," but that
the U.S.-Egyptian agr ement, about which
Following the Preside is departure, Jer
reported that the Lik d and Mafdal facti
nuclear power agreeme t. The opposition
"experts believe ther is a real danger.
have caused serious d mage by their stat
prospects for foiling the agreement."
Prime Minister Rabin held a press confer
live by Jerusalem rad o, in which he s
June, the radio noted
resident's promises to
oncern was growing over
Nixon said "not one word
salem radio on'the 17th
ns submitted a no-confid
nts" on the U.S.-Egyptia
parties said that while
. the government spoke
nce on the 17th, carried
ed up Nixon's visit as
cance. Rabin praised
d U.S.-Israeli relations
having "symbolic" and "practical" signif
the visit on the grow ds that it further
and the prospects for peace in the area.
quoted the Israeli pr ss as summing up N
"with mixed feelings.' The radio noted
attention to the U.S. promises of long-t
aid, while voicing mo nting concern over
race in our region."
Jerusalem radio on 18 Ju
on's Middle East visit
hat the papers drew
rm "security and economic
a possible "nuclear arms
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
OTHER AwaB COMMENT
THE PALESTINIANS Reaction from some Palestinian factions,
particularly as reported by Iraqi media, has
been predictably hostile to the United States' Mideast policy and
has made digs at the Arab regimes which received the President.
Voice of Palestine programs using Baghdad and Algiers radio
facilities expressed strong opposition to the visit, while the
clandestine Voice of Palestine ignored the trip except for sparse
reportage on major events, particularly references to the Palestinian
issue. The Cairo Voice of Palestine on the 18th reported an "official
Palestinian source" as warning that the "Zionist enemy's security
pledge by Nixon will not be achieved," a statement also reported by
the IRAQI NEWS AGENCY (INA). In its only other monitored commentary
on the visit, the Cairo Voice of Palestine on the 19th criticized
King Husayn, calling his reliance on President Nixon "futile."
A Baghdad Voice of Palestine commentary on 12 June proclaimed that
"the ugly face of imperialism will not be beautified by as--.Sadat's
praise," and a day later another commentary declared that the
President's motives for his visit were to show "certain parties
and states of the world that the Middle East is within the U.S.
sphere of influence" and "to cover up for the Watergate scandal."
An Algiers Voice of Palestine commentary-on the 17th defined the
American idea of peace in the Middle East as ultimately based on
"Arab recognition of the Zionist entity in Palestine." The
commentary called for establishment of a Palestinian state on
"all occupied Palestinian soil" and warned that U.S. efforts to impose
its concept of peace as well as the Zionist concept of peace would
"lay the foundations for war" instead of peace. The radio had noted
on 14 June that the Egyptian-U.S. statement had said that "a just
and lasting peace in the Middle East must take into account the
interests of the Palestinian Arab people." An Algiers Voice of
Palestine commentary on the 19th called the Israeli raids on Lebanon
that day the result of a "strategy which was endorsed by President
Nixon during his visit to occupied Palestine." Noting that all Arab
fronts had "ceased fighting" the enemy, the commentary said the
Palestine front now has to "shoulder with its people and revolutions
the consequences of the disengagement agreements."
INA on 14 June cited an official of the Popular Front for the
Liberation of Palestine--the General Command--as criticizing at a
press conference in Baghdad the "21-gun salutes fired in Arab
capitals for those who supplied the U.S. planes that three weeks
ago exterminated an-Nabatiyah camp and other camps of our people."
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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FOR OFFICIAL USE 0
Another official of t is fedayeen organization was reported by INA
the same day as asser ing that the Nixon visit was "evidence of
the level to which po itical affairs have deteriorated," and
warning against a dan Brous "imperialist, reactionary and Zionist
plot" aimed at expanding U.S. influence i the Arab area.
Tripoli radio on 15 J e broadcast a join
to Libya by Palestine iberation Organiza
it declared that the tab nation would n
at misleading and plot ing by U.S. imperi
FBIS REACTION REPOR
21 JUNE 1974
statement on the visit
ion chairman Yasir 'Araf t;
t be deceived by "attempts
list circles trying to
liquidate the Palestin
question and exte
mate and obliterate th
Palestinian personalit
It The Libyan and
Palestinian revolutions,
the statement said, wo
1d resist all "cap
tulationist solutions,"
and al-Qadhdhafi and "
rafat in the state
ent pledged to "escalate
the Palestinian armed
truggle."
IRAQ, LIBYA
SOUTH YEMEN
Reacti n to the President
and So th Yemeni media wa
predic ably negative, cri
s visit by Iraqi, Libyan
regard to the Presiden and the United St
regimes who welcomed t e "archimperialist
provided daily reporta e and comment. Th
ATH-THAWRAH, organ of he ruling Socialis
the welcome of the "co.onialist execution
Arab regimes" as disgr ceful. It maintai
always deal with "Nixo and his Zionist g
characteristically and
ical, and severe, both in
tes as well as those Arab
to Iraqi and Libyan media
Baghdad newspaper
Arab Ba'th Party, descri
r" by the "compromising
ed that true Arabs would
g" with steadfastness an
struggle, rather than iplomacy and submission. An article by the
newspaper's "Observer" contended that "the
was coming to our home and like a conquero
affairs editor said th President was not
Iraqi people were ange ed by his presence
leader of U.S. imperiali
to Baghdad radio's Arab
man of peace, and that
n the Middle East. The
en by the host governmen
Arab people. The Iraqi
rgued that the visit was
gimes from their anti-
en them and the Soviet
radio often cited the security measures to
as a true indication of the feelings of th
Communist Party newspap r TARIQ ASH-SHA'B
part of a plan to divert the progressive r
imperialist efforts and drive a wedge betw
Union and the other soc alist states.
Libyan media also adopt d a defiant positi
and questioning his int ntions. Tripoli r
President was posing as a peacemaker to gu
Israel and increase U.S influence in the
strongest language appe red in the newspap
views were disseminated by the Libyan news
that there was no place in the Arab world
a grave or an inferno. Arab "kowtowing be
FQR OFFICIAL USE ONL
n, castigating the President
dio commented that the
rantee the existence of
iddle East. Some of the
r AL-FAJR AS-JADID, whose
agency. The paper implie
or the President except i
ore the American god of war,"
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
- 11 -
the paper said, was "a defeat in the worst form." The Libyan
news agency's political commentator described the U.S. offer of
nuclear aid to Egypt as a trick designed to justify giving
Israel nuclear weapons.
South Yemen's Aden radio echoed many of the same critical themes.
The radio denounced the visit as a reflection of U.S. interest in
maintaining influence in the Arabian Peninsula and the Persian
Gulf area. Saudi leaders were accused of briefing the President
on arrangements to topple the regime in the PDRY. The Aden news-
paper 14 OCTOBER suggested that the United States was reformulating
its policy in the area to enable Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Iran "to
create a new balance against the liberation and democratic movements
of the people in the area."
LEBANON Major and favorable interest in the Nixon visit was
expressed by Lebanese public spokesmen. Several high
officials, including the acting prime minister and the defense minister,
indicated they were hopeful that the visit would contribute to the
peaceful resolution of the Middle East problem. Lebanese Minister of
State Shadir stated that the visit reflected a historic change in U.S.
policy to insure the establishment of a balance between the influence
of the United States and the Soviet Union on the one hand, and the
Arab states and Israel on the other. Lebanon's diverse newspapers
reflected a broad spectrum of criticism and praise. Those newspapers
with close ties to the more radical Middle East groups tended to assess
the visit in highly critical terms, while other papers ranged from great
enthusiasm to mild criticism. The latter papers were generally in
agreement that the ultimate results of the trip would be beneficial.
Unusually sharp criticism was contained in pro-Iraqi and pro-Libyan
papers, and in AN-NIDA, the Lebanese Communist Party paper.
MAGHREB, OTHER STATES Monitored Moroccan media, while closely cover-
ing the President's trip, did not comment
extensively. The newspaper LE MATIN published several increasingly
enthusiastic articles praising Nixon's political courage. The anti-
Nixon and anti-Kissinger campaign directed by the powerful "Zionist
lobby,! LE MATIN wrote, has not prevented Nixon from pursuing his new
Middle East policy. In a similar fashion, a Moroccan press, agency
commentary paid tribute to Nixon's "courageous stand" in charting a new
foreign policy line in the face of "increasing Zionist control" in the
affairs of state. At the same time, however, it emphasized the
necessity for the Arabs to preserve relations with the Soviet Union on
a "firm basis." The agency's press review on 18 June said the President's
trip remained the main international affairs topic in the papers, and
noted that papers had pointed out that the President had "issued a
disguised warning to the Arab countries about the Palestinian guerrillas"
during his visit to Israel.
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21 JUNE 1974
OR OFFICIAL USE 04Y FBIS REACTION REPOR
Tunisian reaction to
while stressing the n
Destourian Party's Fr
"exceptional importan
toward the problem of
The paper saw this as
that there had been h
emphasized the "enorm
e President's trip
ch-language paper
e" of the tour, ass
the first time in o
pe of a "Just and 1
us difficulties" a
was generally favorable,
estinian problem. The
'ACTION. emphasized the
rting that the U.S. attitude
s definitely changed."
er a quarter of a centur
sting peace," but it
ad. The party's Arabic-
ition of the legitimate
language paper AL-'
rights of the Palesti
was "not lacking in a
President Nixon's con
"appreciable" number
unresolved.
Algeria's response to
Arab radicals but the
reservations about U.
Algiers radio comment
Palestinian question
reason for discord.
Liberation Front, EL-:
provided little comma
published an editoria
ing peace constituted
exploit" the region.
contended that U.S. w
Monitored Sudanese, U
media confined their
Iranian, Greek, Turki
on the visit, but the
Teheran radio and cla
Teheran hailed the U.
the wisdom of Egypt's
The clandestine Radio
Nixon's main objectiv
world." The radio al
lauding the Nixon vis
work for peace in th
Our Radio, described
noted that while Nixo
give financial suppor
his "bloody plans aga
called U.S. recog
cans "decisive," b
biguities." Regar
acts on his visit,
f "fundamental" pr
the trip was not a
limited available
. policy and criti
d that President N
eant that no progr
he French-language
OUDJAHID, publishe
t. The NFL's Arab
asserting that th
a "veil" concealin
The paper scorned
rds were in glarin
h, and Cypriot-med
only available co
.-Egyptian rapproc
recent policy than
Iran Courier carri
was "to,establish
o noted that "reac
t in an effort to
region. The Turk
ixon's visit as a
talks about peace
to the Israeli Go
nst the peoples of
t noted that this recognition
less of the importance of
the paper said, an
lams have been left
vitriolic as the reactio of
omment was infused with s Tong
al evaluations of U.S. in entions.
xon's avoidance of the
ss had been made on the basic
newspaper of the ruling N tional
news agency reports but
c-language newspaper, ASH SHA'B,
President's claims about bring-
U.S. aims to "dominate and
.S. claims of neutrality and
contradiction to deeds.
a carried extensive reportage
ent here was monitored fr m
oadcasting to the area.
ement and dwelt at lengt on
d a brief talk saying thalt
a stronghold in the Arab
ionary sources" have bee
hide" the Soviet union's
sh-language clandestine tation,
so-called display of peace " and
with the Arabs he continues to
ernment.and has not give up
the Middle East."
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
- 13 -
II, OTHER NONCOMMUNIST COUNTRIES
WEST EUROPE
The news media of France, Great Britain and West Germany provided
extensive reportage and comment on the President's trip, some comment
viewing the trip as a breakthrough toward peace and other comment
seeing it as an escape from the troubles of Watergate, but most
agreeing that only time will tell if anything tangible has been
achieved.
FRANCE French media reaction was cautious but generally
optimistic in assessing the positive achievements of
the President's trip, while presenting overall favorable impressions
of the popular and official welcomes accorded the President through-
out his visits. A 19 June editorial in LE MONDE stated that in
all the countries the President visited he received a welcome
that was "either cordial or triumphant, depending on the situation."
It attributed the Arab and Israeli leaders' decision to put aside
their misgivings about aspects of U.S. policy toward their respective
opponents to their awareness of "the material means" at U.S. disposal.
The communist L.'HUMANITE introduced a sour note. by quoting a. Libyan
paper which asked why the President was being feted when he had been
"primarily responsible" for denying the Arabs victory .over Israel.
Israel's muted "detachment and certain cynicism".in the face of
the enthusiastic Arab welcome was dictated,,. according to LE FIGARO
on 17 June, by a desire to "play along" with the President as "better
preparation" for his USSR trip.
The Palestinian question dominated much.of the French comment.
LE FIGARO asked if President Nixon was "not coerced by as-Sadat"
into including in the U.S.-Egyptian statement a reference to
"the Palestine people's legitimate interests." The,same paper
also noted that the communique with Jordan mentioned Resolution
338, whereas King Husayn had "constantly" referred to Resolution
242 in his banquet speech. L'HUMAN.ITE wrote that King Faysal
"appeared all the more vehement" in his demand for consideration
of the Palestinians' national rights in light of his traditional
position as "one of the most faithful U,S. allies." A Paris radio
dispatch from Damascus on the 16th noted that al-Asad's statements
to President Nixon did not stand on protocol in stressing that
peace is not possible without a "just and real solution" to the
Palestinian problem.
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- 14 -
Other Paris comment . ended to view the
to its effect on Sov et attitudes. Par
Claude Mangeot comma ted on 12 June, fo
"were very intereste " in the trip sine
to America, the Midd a East "is confirm
United States." And a radio commentary
13 June noted that b deciding on rappr
States, the Arabs we e taking "a calcul
their Soviet ally."
A striking feature o the French press.
the first day, littl if any reference
difficulties of Pres dent Nixon and Dr.
Paris radio did not tress the Waterga.t.
Notable exceptions eluded a Michel An
on 10 June which co tinted that the Pre
Middle East "to for et his worries over
and a report by rad o commentator Edoua
PSIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
resident's. trip in relation
a radio correspondent Jea
instance, that the Sovies
in .".reopening its doors"
the leadership of the
by Edouard Sablier on
chement with the United
ted risk" of "irritating
overage was that, after
Kissinger. Similarly,
aspect to any great extent.
rol dispatch from Washington
ident had left for the
the Watergate affair,"
d Sablier, who noted on
the 13th that the A ab leaders "are perfectly aware of the good
turn" they are doin the President and who emphasized as-Sadat's
statement that Nixo 's dismissal would b e viewed in the Arab
world as a "tragedy "
L'HUMANITE on 18 Ju e expressed res.erv
effects of the trip stating that "the
the Middle East wil be far from over
Mr Nixon's spectacu ar have been switc
comment L'AURORE of 19 June, as report
end, after all the "fanfare and specta
of a "genuine solut on" had become cle
tionsabout the lasting
battle for a just peace i
nee the projectors of
ed off." In a similar
d by AFP, said that in th
ular ovations," no prospect
r.
UNITED KINGDOM ter an initial fl
ssinger's Salzhur
press relied heavil on prominently di
own correspondents nd REU.TER dispatch
trip. The TIMES re orted extensively
in Egypt, declaring that the agreement
the strides made by Washington in the
OBSERVER labeled t trip a "gaudy tri
concern over the "problems and dangers
of the Palestinian .
A highly favorable TIMES editorial of
that the new U.S.-Arab relationship co
Israeli intransige ce over the withdr
FOR OFFICIAL U
rry of. editorial comment on
press conference, the B itish
played reports from its
s in.covering the Presid nt's
n the "rapturous welcome'
signed there "emphasizes
:fiddle East.." Although t e
mph," most papers expres ed
ahead," particularly tha
the 15th, though warning
1d be threatened by
al issue, noted that the
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
Soviets "can hardly be expected to view Mr. Nixon's triumphal
progress through the Middle East with unalloyed pleasure." The
DAILY TELEGRAPH, traditionally the most pro-Nixon of all British
papers, in an editorial on the 17th, claimed that through Kissinger's
and Nixon's Middle East travels, the United States "has scored for
herself and the West as a whole the first global success for many
weary years." The same issue nevertheless prominently reported
negative U.S. and world reaction to the trip, an example of which
was supplied by its Damascus correspondent, who stated that objections
to the trip "did not come entirely from pro-Russians. I was told
some of Sadat's more sophisticated friends felt he was pinning too
many hopes on an American President hopelessly weakened by Watergate."
WEST GERMANY West German media comment as usual covered a broad
spectrum, but highlighted the three themes of
Watergate, the Palestinian issue, and the placing of nuclear reactors
in the Middle East.
SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG,reviewed by the Cologne Deutschlandfunk,
editorialized on 14 June that the foreign policy successes of
the President stand in almost "fantastic contrast" to his "domestic
calamities," and noted that Nixon wants to present his critics
at home with a President "cheered abroad." Likewise, NEUES
OSNABRUECKER ZEITUNG of 17 June, also reviewed by Deutschlandfunk,
saw the man "plagued by Watergate worries" "revived" by millions
of cheering Arabs. The Muenster WESTFAELISCHE NACHRICHTEN of
19 June, reviewed by the same radio, called the cheers greeting
the President "balm" for him personally and an indication that a
"Watergate-weakened" America can still play its part in world
politics.
In contrast, the prestigious FRANKFURTER ALLGEMEINE ZEITUNG'
termed it "unfair" that the trip should be viewed by many, in
light of Watergate, as a "possible relief" for the President on
the "foreign affairs frontline." In a comment on 18 June, reported
by Deutschl,andfunk, the paper congratulated the "much-chided"
Nixon for considerably mitigating the dangers of the Middle East
"powderkeg" and concluded that he can be counted on in the future
as well. Similarly, a Mainz radio commentary of the 18th said
the President's trip had improved the "climate and sentiment"
even if no "direct and concrete" steps toward peace had been taken.
Earlier on the 5th, setting the stage for the visit, an editorial
in the same Frankfurt paper had concluded that the United States
now has "greater influence" than the USSR "on the Nile" and that the
"American word :.today in nearly all of the Arab Orient wields more
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 No Objection to Declassification in Full 2011/12/05: LOC-HAK-182-3-5-1
weight than during the urbulent sixties."
eluded that "it is in t e common interest
that the leading Wester power puts in a s
in the Middle East."
Some comment cautioned
The Ludwigshafen RHEINP
noted that the "most d
and pointed to the Pal
Middle East situation.
date points to the Pal
City of Jerusalem as b
HANNOVERSCHE ALLGEMEIN
same radio, noted that
and commented that if
his visit a "great his
deeds,lthe Arabs' "dis
WELT, in an editorial
acknowledgement of the
"concession" which the
The 17 June Duesseldor
U.S. nuclear aid to Eg
ing whether the modera
by a "hatemonger" like
had possibly left a "t
of 19 June accused the
circle into motion" in
customers," where MUEN
States would in the en
their assistance---"a k
gainst expecting .t
21 JUNE 1974
The editorial con-
f the Western world
If-assertive appearance
o much from the trip.
ALZ of 17 June, re
fficult" problems h
tinian question as
The Dortmund RUHR-
stinian question an
ing "nearly insurmo
ZEITUNG on the 13t
ixon was a'man who
is "fine words," li
orical turning poin
chantment" will be
the 18th, pointed
legitimate interest
cabs will insist o
RHEINISCHE,POST,
t, is reported by
e as-Sadat might not
al-Qadhdhafi and sp
United States of s
dewed by Deutschlandfunk
ve not yet been solved
capable of spoiling the
the problem of the Old.
, as reported by-the
loved "grand words"
e those in Cairo calling
" are not followed by
all the greater. DIE
to the President's
of the? Palestinians, as
being fulfilled.
discussing the-promise
eutschlandfunk as questi
one day be replaced
culating that Nixon
. SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG
tting an "ill-boding
an effort "to please all its Mideast
HNER MERKUR wonder whether the United
receive what the Soviets received for
ITALY Although Ita
dominate the
newspapers during the
and Milan's CORRIERE D'
from correspondents on
Ugo Stille that, regar
the President's trip p
symbolize and strength
Arab relations. A gen
shown the United State
y's acute domestic
front pages and ed
rip, two major pap
LLA SERA, publishe
the trip. Both pa
less of the allege
rsued largely posi
n the turnabout" r
rally expressed vi
to be "the real p
roblems tended to
torial columns of Italian
rs, Turin's LA STAMPA
daily factual. dispatche
ers agreed with CORRIERE'
domestic implications,
ive aims "intended to
cently achieved in U.S.-
was. that :the trip had
wer in the Middle East."
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY, FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
Both papers agreed that the trip was a blow to Soviet influence in
the Middle East, but they differed in assessing its impact. Igor
Man asserted in LA STAMPA that the USSR was "not humiliated," where--
as CORRIERE commentator Sormani insisted that the trip was "a
serious slap in the face for Moscow." Freacobaldi, in CORRIERE,
took a reserved position, stating that the President's "journey
of peace" had been "not a point of arrival but one of departure."
The communist newspaper L'UMITA expressed suspicion of the:Presiden.t's
motives, declaring that the trip pursued the "obvious. aim" of
"strengthening the Presidential image" at home. Its unattributed
dispatches also expressed doubt that the trip would contribute
to a settlement in the Middle East, emphasizing particularly--as
did noncommunist., newspapers--the uncertainties remaining on the
Palestinian issue.
AUSTRIA Most Austrian papers gave prominent coverage to all
phases of the trip, particularly to his stay in Salzburg, but
editorial comment was relatively scant. Noncommunist press assess-
ments were cautiously optimistic that the trip would help stabilize
the Middle East situation, whereas the communist press viewed the
trip in stock terms as indicative of a change in U.S. policy toward
the Arabs which was "enforced" by the powerful support given them
by the USSR and the other socialist countries. Additionally, the
Austrian media gave heavy play to Secretary of State Kissinger's.
Salzburg press conference in which he threatened to resign.
An editorial of the Socialist ARBEITER-ZEITUNG on 13 June, entitled
"Uncle Sam in the Middle East," stressed the "heart-warming" re-
ception in Egypt and added that it is a "small miracle" that "the
United States has succeeded in being,'or becoming, good friends with
both sides in a grave conflict." It warned, however, that "Nixon's
visit to the Middle East has aroused great, perhaps too great,
hopes on both sides," and that "it will take great diplomatic
skill to reduce these hopes to a reasonable level." This and
several other papers stressed that the main question, the Palestinian
problem, still remains to be solved.
An editorial in the independent DIE PRESSE on 15 June stressed the
interrelationship between foreign and domestic policy and the
negative influence of the President's "weakened domestic position"
on U.S. foreign policy, observing that he "is attempting to defend
himself, against the hydra of the mass media and the consequences of
the recklessness of his own staff with the aid of foreign policy."
Another DIE PRESSE editorial on 20 June summed up the outcome of
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21 JUNE 1974
the Middle East trip as
that only Brezhnev's for
a more concrete indicati
"coordinated" their Midd
out their "spheres of in
A communist VOLKSSTIMME
by Nixon to outstrip his
Arab countries, assertin
"mere down paymen
hcoming visit to A
n as to what exten
e East endeavors a
luence."
ditorial on 12 Jun
East?," Viewed the
EC economic rivals
race between the
political weapon a kind o
EC has started. In anoth
Arabs Have Been Successfu
depicted Nixon's trip as
Middle East issue," "enfo
the Arabs by the USSR and
OTHER COUNTRIES Portu
in Pr
A Lusitania news agency r
as "historic," and Deputy
over Lisbon radio on 19 J
"exceeded all expectation
Nixon's statements of "co
Portuguese positions."
Stockholm's conservative
reflected the view of muc
Kissinger's Salzburg pres
the entire trip. Its cov
of the Scandinavian newsp
themselves to factual cov
with only sparse comment.
r editorial entitl
it the communist V
"symptom of Ameri
ced" by the powerf
the socialist coun
uese media express
sident Nixon's tal
port on 19 June d
Prime Minister Sa
ne, commenting tha
," emphasized what
plete support for
VENSKA DAGBLADET,
of the Scandinavi
conference threat.
rage went further,
pees, which on the
rage based on press
Reviewing the res
for peace,-" declaring
ab capitals will give
the superpowers have
d have perhaps mapped
entitled "What Does
trip as an attempt
n relations with the
s ,used oil as a
nited States and the
d "Not Nixon but the
LKSSTIMME on 20 June
a's yielding on the
1 support given to
ries.
d particular interest
s with General Spinola..
scribed the meeting
rniero in a statement
the meeting had
he termed President
ortuguese policy and
a 12 June editorial,.
press that Dr.
ed to ".overshadow"
owever,. than most
agency reports
is of the trip in
that the President
ip to consolidate
from Dr. Kissinger's,
not be regarded as
a 19 June editorial, SVENS
would "not neglect to make
his "domestic policy advan
diplomacy, but that this "
"secure forever."
President's activities thr
UUTISET, reviewed by Heisi
turn" and a change toward
"persistently aimed at" by
Union. The paper criticiz
to "belittle" the role pla
though "important" steps t
aid of the Soviet Union.
DAGBLADET stated
the most of" the t
age" already gaine
redit side" should
was light, but .ra
ughout the trip.
i radio, called t
etente, which it c
the socialist coun
d the "Western rea
ed by the Soviet U
ward peace had bee
is reports covered the
e 19 June KANSAN
e trip a "positive
racterized as a policy
ries headed by the Soviet
tionary press" for trying
ion and said these "parts 1"
possible only with the
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21 JUNE 1974
ASIA AND AFRICA
JAPAN Japanese media, which carried extensive reportage on the
trip, viewed it as a diplomatic success for the United
States and the Arab nations. The United States was credited with
achieving a breakthrough in strengthening relations with the
Arabs, but presumed U.S. nationalistic interests in securing oil
supplies, plus uncertainty over the Palestinians, were seen as
causes for anxiety. The spread of nuclear technology in the
Middle East also evoked comment and dismay. Suggestions that the
trip was at least partially motivated by domestic considerations
linked to Watergate were widely published.
Editorially, ASAHI said that an attempt to achieve a diplomatic
success in the wake of Watergate served as a backdrop to current
U.S. efforts in the Middle East but that "more fundamentally,"
Washington's basic aim was "to pursue its long-term national
interest--that is,.preventing the risks of a confrontation with
the Soviet Union . . and the danger of losing a stable source of oil
supply." On 21 June the same paper concluded its editorial by
saying, "With the date of the Geneva Mideast Peace Conference
still undecided and the road to peace in the Middle East regarded
as stretching endlessly, the fact that the word 'nuclear' has
appeared in the-first step taken toward that goal leaves us with
a deep feeling of anxiety."
A 20 June YOMIURI editorial noting that enduring peace in the
region was impossible without a settlement of the Palestinian
problem said: "We have been impressed by the progress made so
far . . . . However, a true and lasting peace has yet to be
achieved." The JAPAN TIMES editorial of 19 June, encouraged by
the frank exchange..of.ideas between the President and the Arab
leaders, noted.that."President Nixon will now be.in a more advan-
tageous position.in.his forthcoming meetings with Soviet Communist
Party Chief Leonid Brezhnev. . . ."
A 20 June editorial in the Japan Communist Party paper AKAHATA
criticized the trip as an. effort by the United States to establish
"a new alliance with the ruling groups representing national
interests in Arab countries, thus dragging the latter into the
world strategy of..U.S..imperialism. Therefore the United States
has made a 'step forward' toward the establishment of a new type of
indocolonial rule in this area."
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on the President's
little comment. Avai able editorial cc
visit as strengthenin U.S. position
Soviet expense. ACE DAILY NEWS edi
the trip as giving President Nixon more "
his forthcoming trip t Moscow, but predi
pressure on its positi n, the Soviet.Unio
in the Middle East. T e editorial also p
may "shore up" the Pre ident's "deteriora
d o m e s t i c f __ _
T_ 3-_ r
t
-_ _ i _
n t
me
i
U.S. announcement of ptoposed nuclear aid
mention of nuclear aid in reporting U.S.-
SOUTH VIETNAM The ouch Vietnamese pr
trip generally light co
of comment ranging fro cynicism in the "
cautious optimism in t e 11pro-government"
monitored radio or tel vision comment.
such as DAN CHU and QU T CHONG viewed the
a diplomatic victory, oosting Nixon's pr
relief from the pressu es of Watergate.
exemplified by the pap rs DAI DAN TOC and
21 JUNE 1974
rried extensive reportag
ourney but have offered
nt has portrayed the
.n the Middle East at
orial of 10 June viewed
rump cards" to use in
ted that despite current
inted.out that the visit
ing" position on the
romptly reported the
to Israel but avoided
gyptian agreements.
ss gave President Nixon's
erage, with the tenor
pposition" press to
papers; there was no
e pro-government papers
President's trip as
stige-and providing some
e opposition press,
IEN TIN, dealt with the
ing that.it brought
trip in cynical and dep ecatory terms, cla
no new results and was imed at reducing d
Watergate. Comment in he independent pap
PHUONG was generally sk ptical. The latte
on the 17th that "Presi ent.-Nixon's trip
cannot end either.in Ca ro, Damascus, Tel
leg' should be in Indoc ina, if he is actu
a generation of peace f r the world."
rs HOA BINH and DONG
observed in an article
oward world peace'
.
viv or Moscow. Its 'las
lly determined to create
OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES Strong comment b
and the press ha
offer to provide nuclea technology to Egy
the backdrop of recent uclear tests by In
comment has underlined ustralia's preoccu
proliferation and criti ized President Nix
further irritated the s
report, Deputy Premier
decision as "most unfor
a helpful effect on Mid
Australia on 17 June ex
nuclear aid to construe
inns on 20 June c
unate" and predict
le East peace. Th
a bomb.
Australian officials
centered on the U.S.
t and Israel. Noting
ia, France and the PRC,
ation with nuclear
n's actions as having
to a Melbourne radio
iticized the President's
d that it cannot have
governor of South
Egypt might use the
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21 JUNE 1974
Sparse Indian and Pakistani comment has sidestepped the issue of
U.S. nuclear aid to Israel and Egypt, while focusing on the visit
as the climax of a remarkable turn of U.S. fortunes in the Middle
East since the October 1973 war. A Delhi radio commentary on the
19th portrayed the United States as the chief beneficiary of the
visit, claiming that little outward progress had been made on
resolving fundamental issues dividing the Israelis and Arabs. It
said that President Nixon was intent on avoiding contentious issues,
hoping to strengthen. Washington's position by means of economic and
technical assistance, but added approvingly that Arab leaders had
persisted in calling attention to the issue of Palestinian-national
rights. The commentary alluded to the implications of superpower
rivalry in the visit, noting that Moscow had felt impelled recently
to remind the Arabs of past Soviet support and of historical U.S.
backing for Israel. The pro-Soviet PATRIOT on the 16th deplored the
fact that Cairo seemed to be turning-its back on the past era of
Soviet aid and rejecting the heritage of the Nasir period, prefering
to "hand over" Egypt's economy to "U.S. monopoly capital.!'
Karachi radio commentaries have taken pains to balance praise for
U.S. Middle East achievements symbolized in the Nixon visit with a
warning of Arab determination to-achieve total liberation of their
lands. A 16 June article expressed hope that President Nixon would
use his influence to move Tel Aviv to a "more rational view of
existing reality."
Limited Malaysian and Indonesian comment has similarly praised the
U.S. achievements, while noting the need for further progress toward
a resolution of contentious Arab-Israeli issues. Philippine and
South Korean media have not been heard to comment on the visit.
AFRICA The President's trip to the Middle East has been fully
reported by most monitored African radios, but few have
originated comment. The major point of controversy in the-sparse
comment thus far revolves around the nuclear issue. Salisbury
(Rhodesia) radio was notably outspoken on this issue, recalling
the recent Indian test in observing: "How do you stop someone
from making gunpowder when you have supplied the ingredients?" An
18 June Nigerian radio commentary also cited the nuclear agreement
as creating a "more inflamable" world situation, but it hedged its
position by stating that this "should not rule out the use of
nuclear devices for peaceful purposes."
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As the trip began, Brazza
from its Cairo correspond
Washington's position in
to Egyptian President Sad
on the same day was less
DAILY GRAPHIC speculated
reason for the trip, and
that the case of the Pale
trick is used to effect a
Israel." Available Niger
the President's enthu.aias
A column in the Benin SU
of Egyptians" seemed. to-a
and pointedly called on t
to shed "old intransigent
stated that "in terms of
surpassed the achievements
LATIN AMERICA
ille radio. on. 11 J
nt hailing the vis
he Middle East and
t. The Ghanaian a
hat "indispensable
he Nigerian radio
tinians must still
an press comment o
FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
ne carried an account
t for consolidating
giving much credit
d Nigerian comment
aian state-owned
oil" was the prime
ommentor stressed
be resolved, "whatever
Syria, Egypt, and
16 June, following
, was more forthcoming.
hat the ''broad mass
peaceful purposes
in in the movement
NAISSANCE WEEKLY
1dent Nixon may have
ent.
is welcome:. in Cairo
cept the President'
e Palestinians to-j
. " And the. ENUGU
rld politics" Pres
of any other presi
Monitored Latin American m
Presidential trip, though
the day. Radio newscasts
Paraguay, Peru, Bolivia, a
of the trip on a regular b
reports. Newspapers treat
foreign press agency repor
sample of editorial opinio
favorable, and sometimes g
ARGENTINA Among Argent
CLARIN and t
type items. CLARIN'S edit
act with considerable free
under pressure of worries
he could bask in the fresh
of the spectacular success
the editorial complained o
in the commercial aspects
journey "can be considered
consolidates peace, a cond
to all nations." The LA 0
problem" in relation to th
dia gave.continuou
eldom featuring it
from Argentina, Br
d Central America
sis, relying on fo
d the trip as fron
age and radiophoto
presented the tri
owing terms.
ne newspapers revi
e 19 June LA OPINI
rial noted that Pr
om" on his trip be
ver U.S. oil requi
U.S. prestige in t
of his Secretary of
the neglect. of th
f the trip, it-cone
a positive step to
tion which. will obj
INION article conce
trip and noted tha
oblem" by "insist
a sharp definition of the p
'stage-by-stage.
coverage to the
as top news item of
sil, Chile, Uruguay,
eported most aspects
eign press agency
page news and featured
. The available
in generally
wed, only the 19 June
N carried commentary-
sident Nixon "could
ements and,..in addition,
e region as 'a result
State there-" While
underdeveloped world
uded that-the-president
he:-extent that it
ctively spread developmep.t
trated on the"Palestini.n
the-President.-"avoided
g that it must be solved
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21 JUNE 1974
BRAZIL JORNAL DO BRASIL, carried frontpage leads on the trip
every day from 12 to 18 June. On 13, 14, 15 and 17 June
the paper frontpaged radiophotos highlighting Nixon's stay in Egypt,
Saudi Arabia and Israel. On 15 June the paper ran the text of the
agreement between President Nixon and Sadat. JORNAL DO BRASIL'$
reportage was taken from various news. agencies. In general, the
three aspects of the trip which received the greatest attention
were Secretary of State Kissinger's press conference in Salzburg,
the agreement to supply nuclear technology to Egypt and the-President's
talks with Portuguese President Spinola.
MEXICO An editorial in NOVEDADES of Mexico City on 4 June linked
the forthcoming visit to the Watergate scandal, noting
that Nixon's foreign policy was "one of his most effective weapons"
in terms of his prestige at home. However, NOVEDADES warned, the
President's "struggle" should not be overemphasized. To do so would
be to belittle the importance of these "highly meritorious" actions.
The paper also saw a relationship to the forthcoming Moscow summit
meeting and expressed the hope that both sides would make strides
toward achieving a "a sound understanding" and true peaceful
coexistence without the cold war and the tensions of the past.
PANAMA An editorial in LA ESTRELLA DE PANAMA on 11 June also
professed to see a relationship between the President's
domestic troubles and the Middle East trip. CallingNixon"capable
and shrewd," the paper guessed that the President "might even
survive" Watergate, saying he has taken advantage of the "favorable
circumstances" in order to make the trip, a journey made possible
in large measure by the successes of Dr. Kissinger. The paper
expressed the hope that, as a result of "Nixon's wise decision" to
go ahead with the visit, the results would benefit not only the
Arab states and Israel, but also the international reputation of
the United States and of the President.
The Panama City CRITICA carried a column at the end of the visit
warning of the dangers inherent-in_t'ie U.S. nuclear aid to both
Cairo and Tel Aviv. It will be "extremely easy" for Israel, the
paper wrote, to change that aid into an offensive nuclear capability,
and since the Arabs are not as technically advanced as the Israelis,
the Soviet Union "will not hesitate" to provide similar expertise
to the Arab states. The paper blamed the United States for seemingly
adopting a dual standard: one week criticizing India for-testing a
nuclear device; the next, providing Cairo and Tel Aviv with a powerful
instrument which "undoubtedly" will end up in the military laboratories
of both nations.
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21 JUNE 1974
- 24 -
III. COME UNIST COUNTRIES
THE SOVIET UNION
Moscow media provided b
President's trip, with
if selective, coverage
ief, straightforwa reportage on the
ASS and the central press offering correct,
f some speeches in afro and Damascus
eluding the visits to Egypt and Israel.
primarily to two uccessive weekly
PRAVDA and to Arab c-language commentaries
and of the statements co
Comment has been confined
international reviews in
on the "unofficial" Radi
coverage of U.S. policy
to the trip, together wi
oblique indications of c
how to handle the tour.
While Moscow earlier sco
in Washington's Middle E
seems to suggest some ac
relationship with the Ar
in American policy by vi
Moscow nevertheless is a
support for Israel has n
themselves do not wish t
their "traditional" frie
As the President began h
concern came in Gromyko
Minsk on 10 June. Refer
foreign policy, Gromyko
problems could be solved
that "it certainly cannot
Union's interests."
eace and Progres A dearth of Soviet
tatements on the ddle East just prior
h the sparse comme t on the visit and
ncern, suggest Sov et hesitancy as to
fed at Egyptian de larations of a change
st policy, the evo wing Soviet approach
ommodation to the dea of 4& changing U.S.
bs, while taking c edit for new directions
tue of Soviet inf.l ence through detente.
pains to point ou that Washington's
t lessened, and t stress that the Arabs
e new Arab-America relations to replace
dship with the Sov at Union.
s trip, the first timation of Soviet
Supreme Soviet pr --election speech in
ing to the "high" prestige of the USSR's
eclared that no imp rtant international
ithout Soviet part cipation and added
be 'solved to the d triment of the Soviet
At the same time, with th
commentators have gone ou
detente. Relating the "n
the Middle East, Moscow h
made it possible for the
during the October war, t
vening of the Geneva conf
the Sinai and Golan disen
trip, meager Soviet comme
ing the Presidential visi
regarding Arab-Soviet rel
prime Middle East peacema
forthcoming Mos.co summit in mind, Soviet
of their way to pay up the benefits of
w atmosphere" in U.S.-Soviet relations to
s asserted that th relaxation of tension
wo powers to avoid.a dangerous confrontatio
"take the initial ve" leading to the con-
rence, and to play an "important role" in
agement agreements During the President's
t on the Arab-Isra li issue--without mention
--complained of We tern press "fabrications"
tions and portraye the Soviet Union as a
er.
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21 JUNE 1974
COMMENT The PRAVDA international review on 9 June, in Moscow's
first observation.on the visit, merely noted that a
large part of the world press regarded the President's-tour, and
the possible resumption of U.S.-Syrian relations, as evidence of
an American desire to normalize U.S.-Arab relations which had been
""undermined" by U.S. support for the Israeli "aggressors." There
was no further comment until PRAVDA's review the following week,
when the paper noted on the 16th that the Arabs had rightly regarded
the United States as "the accomplice of the-Israeli aggressors,"
but that the new international climate provided an .opportunity for
a change in the nature of U.S.-Arab relations. Indirectly indicating
Soviet misgivings over the implications of.this.change, PRAVDA
ascribed to "cold war advocates" a desire to interpret the President's
trip "in their own way and use it for a campaign aimed at undermining
Arab-Soviet friendships"
PRAVDA displayed sensitivity over what itdescribed as "rightwing
press" assertions that U.S. policy would lead to elimination of the
USSR's influence in the Middle East. Replying to "Western observers"
who were displaying enthusiasm for "'Americanization' of the Middle
East," PRAVDA recalled Secretary Kissinger's assurance in his 6 June
news conference that the United States had neither the intention nor
the capability to eliminate Soviet influence from the region. A
foreign-language commentary by Rassadin on the 19th followed PRAVDA's
lead in charging that "cold war" supporters tried to exploit the
Presidential visit to widen the campaign against Arab-Soviet friendship.
Moscow's Radio Peace and Progress provided an example of initial Soviet
uncertainty as to how to handle the trip. An RPP Arabic-language
commentary on 10 June carefully avoided any mention of the President's
visit in discussing what it called an upsurge of U.S. press interest
in the Arab world, evidenced by visits to the area by a "big team
of U.S. reporters." On the 17th the radio replayed PRAVDA's remarks,
of the previous day, and a commentary on the 18th pegged to the U.S.-
Israeli statement saw the U.S. affirmation of readiness to provide
Israel with weapons and "substantial" economic assistance as en-
couragement to Israeli occupation of Arab territory. The commentary
acknowledged that "certain changes" had occurred in the United
States' Mideast policy which gave the Arabs."an opportunity to alter
their relations with America' but gave much .credit for these changes
to the Soviet Union. And in an Arabic-language commentary on the 19th,
Radio Peace and Progress claimed that the "positive developments" in
U.S.-Soviet relations had given the USSR the opportunity to "actively
influence" the U.S. stand on the Middle East, although "despite this"
it was evident that American assistance to Israel would continue.
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COVERAGE OF VISIT
play up statements that
on the Middle East prob
on the 14th cited Egypt
disengagement was only
basis of Security Counc
was similarly quoted by
limited reports o
the various speeches
Moscow has .tended to
wn public positions
c-language Broadcast
at as declaring that
j the issue on the
an President al Asad
I.calling disengagement
account noted President
taken were only a
tep by step toward
he President as saying
over the Palestinian
de during the trip,
coincide with its.
em. Thus, an Arab
an President as.-Sa
step toward solvin
q1 resolutions. Sy
ASS on the .16th as
a first step toward a fi
Nixon's remark that the
beginning, and the task
a just and lasting peace
the United States unders
question.
In reporting the U.S.-Eg
a peace settlement that
interests of all the peo
Palestinian people." Th
declared peace could onl
the framework of the Gen
that the United States a
ment on nuclear energy,
concluded this month on
A 17 June TASS report on
the two countries would
energy and U.S. delivery
temporary agreement on t
month. The TASS account
m peace. The TASS
irst steps already.
as now to advance
ood Syria's concer
ptian statement of
of the fact that t
lea of the Middle
account did note.
va peace conferenc
d Egypt would begi
d that ..a provisi,
principles, TASS on
.e document called for
unt the "legitimate
ast, including the
hat the statement
h negotiations within
TASS also reported
negotiating an agree-
l .ag.reement would be
lear fuel to Egypt.
elivery of U.S. nu
the U.S.-Israeli at
ign an agreement on
of nuclear fuel to
oeused on the matt
ed that military
continued on a long-term
give "substantial economi
maintaining its military
TASS on the 16th reported
resumption of U.S.-Syrian
and U.S.-Jordanian statem
to Israeli Prime Minister
States, but the invitatio
in TASS' report on the U.
sentence report on the Pr
Saudi Arabia was virtuall
commentary on the 19th di
AN-NIDA' as reporting the
asis and that the
'aid "' to cover I
otential.
relations. TASS r
is noted the Pres
Rabin and King Hus
to President as.-S
.Egyptian stateme
sident's arrival i
ignored. The Rad
cite the Lebanese
tement also noted that
cooperation in nuclear
srael, and that a
would be signed this
r of aid, reporting
eliveries would be
nited States would
rael's expenses in
..announcement on the
ports on the U.S.-Israeli
dent's invitations
yn to visit the United
dat was not mentioned
t. Other than a two-
Jiddah, the visit to
o Peace and Progress
Communist Party daily
nt that the United
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States wanted Saudi Arabia "to be strong" and as pointing out
that Washington was interested in strengthening "Saudi reaction"
as the mainstay of U.S. policy in the region.
EAST EUROPE
Scattered comment from Moscow's orthodox East European allies--
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Poland--generally
argued that President Nixon's tour signified no basic change in
"imperialist" aims in the Middle East, but was undertaken because of
"realistic" U.S. awareness of the Arabs' new influence stemming from
their successes in the October war and the oil embargo. These
countries' commentators also saw a connection between the trip and
the President's Watergate-related difficulties at home, reiterating
their standard charge that the President's critics 'are motivated
mainly by opposition to detente. Such motives were blamed by
Hungary, Poland, and Czechoslovakia for the attacks on Secretary
Kissinger, in the wake of the Secretary's. Salzburg press conference.
The orthodox East European comment also duly included tributes to
the Mideast role of the Soviet Union, under Brezhnev's leadership.
The tour drew the largest reportorial coverage among East European
radios in Hungarian and Czechoslovak media,` including almost daily
half-minute film clips on Prague TV.
A sizeable volume of Yugoslav comment was uniformly favorable both
with regard to the President's tour and to Secretary Kissinger,
while the Romanians have thus far refrained from commenting on the
trip, limiting their coverage to brief, factual, and implicitly
positive reports. Albanian comment, predictably hostile to the
President and Kissinger, viewed the tour as symbolizing both con-,
flict and "collusion" between Moscow and Washington.
ORTHODOX Czechoslovia's Bratislava PRAVDA on 13 June, viewing
ALLIES the President's trip as "unquestionably the high point
of a demonstration of the 'new' U.S. policy" in the
Middle East, charged at the same time that the United States and
"other imperialist forces" aimed, as before, at capitalist exploitation
and undermining of progressive forces in the area. Dominant in U.S.
thinking, the commentary added, was the realization that oil is found
in the Arab countries, not in Israel. Another Bratislava paper, SMENA,
declared on the 19th that-the results of the President's visit to
Israel confirmed that there were "no essential changes" in U.S. policy
toward the Arabs or its political, financial, and military support to
Israel. A Bratislava PRAVDA comment cited by CTK on the 20th linked
the results of Nixon's Israel visit to the resumed bombing of Lebanese
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villages and Palestini s, saying: "Nos 11 share of the re-
sponsibility for this situation lies on th United States, which
continues its big milit ry and economic sup ort to Israel, the
aggressor." On the 15t , a dispatch from E PRAVO's Washington
correspondent predicted that while the Pres dent would be welcomed
throughout his tour, he ould be repeatedly confronted with the
"decisive," still unsol d Palestinian prob em, first raised by
President as-Sadat duri the Cairo visit. The dispatch paid tribut
to the results of Moscow's "patient and uno. tentatious diplomacy"
in persuading the Arabs o accept a UN sett ement.
The East Berlin domestic service on the 18t grudgingly praised the
President for pressing I rael into a "chang of course" toward a
peaceful solution. The ommentary doubted. t the same time whether
the President's influent could be "decisiv " on this score. In
the meager Bulgarian co ent, a Beirut-date fined dispatch in the
Sofia party daily RABOTN CHESKO DELO on the 18th remarked at the
windup of the tour that, because of continu d U.S. support for
Israel--exemplified by a promised nuclear r actor--and the U.S.
"neglect" of the Palesti ian liberation mov ent, "the problems
remain."
While Prague, Sofia, and East Berlin took a largely cynical view
regarding allegedly unch aged U.S. pro-Isra ii policy, Poland and
Hungary were relatively uted on this score. Thus, ZYCIE WARSZAWY
on the 12th was favorabl in tone in attrib ting two basic aims
to the President's trip: First, to convinc the Arabs through
aid agreements that the resent, more evenh ded U.S. policy
represented "a durable c ange"; and second, to show Moscow, on
the eve of the President's trip there, his r. diners to cooperate
with the USSR in restori g peace to the area. The paper noted in
this connection that President Nixon "is kno as a consistent
advocate of detente and c existence." And t e Budapest daily
MAGYAR NEMZET, also on t 12th, praised the timing of the trip--afte
the troop disengagement a reements and befor the next phase of the
Geneva negotiations and t e Moscow summit--a d predicted that a just
settlement could be achie. ed "if all sides d splay good will." An
18 June commentary on Bud pest domestic TV, hale characterizing
current U.S. Mideast pol.i y as "a double gam ," assessed the
overall results of the to r as "fruitful" an "successful" with
regard to detente and to he President's sta ding at home.
WATERGATE In pointing to domestic motiva ions for the President's
trip, Brati lava PRAVDA on the 12th stressed that he
"is under the furious pre cures of the adver aries of detente, and
this is reflected in the ourse of the Water ate affair" and the
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21 JUNE 1974
Congressional impeachment deliberations. In favorable tones, the
commentary noted that the Middle East trip could divert attention
from these domestic matters and direct it toward the Nixon
Administration's efforts to complete the transition from a policy
of confrontation to one of negotiation. In a similar vein, a
talk on the Budapest domestic radio on the 10th remarked that
"while the wrangling over the raising of impeachment charges is
in progress in Congress and in other forums, the American
President is obviously concentrating his efforts on international
diplomacy." And the 12 June ZYCIE WARSZAWY also gave the President
the benefit of the doubt in commenting that "it would be a considerable
simplification to place this trip, as some .commentators are doing,
merely in the context of the political showdown between the White
House and Congress," adding that "its scope and significance reach
far beyond Washington." A favorable overall assessment of the tour
carried by Warsaw's PAP on the 20th, which highlighted the President's
promise of a nuclear reactor to Egypt, concluded that "the visit was
undoubtedly a success for Nixon, though it is doubtful whether this
success will put an end to the Watergate affair."
KISSINGER The Hungarians, followed by Czechoslovakia and Poland,
promptly denounced the charges against Secretary
Kissinger which occasioned his threat to resign at his 11 June
press conference in Salzburg. Early the next day the Budapest radio
carried a comment from its New'York correspondent to the effect
that, in the U.S. domestic controversy, "the attack is now directed,
through the person of the Secretary of State, against the main foreign
policy line of the Nixon Administration." A Budapest TV commentary
the same day predicted that the possibility of Kissinger's resignation
would cast a shadow over the President's talks with both Arab and
Israeli leaders. This talk, as well as the government paper MAGYAR
HIRLAP the next day, publicized favorable comments on Kissinger by
Senator Fulbright and other Congressional leaders.
Subsequent attacks on the Secretary's critics by Polish media
culminated in a 16 June Broniarek commentary in the party daily
TRYBUNA LUDU. Entitled "Rumors and Insinuations," the article
construed the charges against Kissinger as a warning from pro-
Israeli elements to the Secretary and President Nixon that they
should not lose sight of Israel's interests during negotiations
with the Arabs. The article also characterized the charges as "a
new stage (since H. Kissinger has been spared up to now)" of the
alleged campaign by U.S. politicians, such as Senator Jackson, against
U.S.-Soviet detente.
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FBIS REACTION REPOR
21 JUNE 1974
A Washington correspon
PRAVO on the 14th, whi
Kissinger's guilt or i
ant's dispatch publ
e cautioning that s
ocence would be pr
raising of "old chargesl" against the Secre
the start of the Presid
summit. Charging that
part in the anti-Kissi
it proved impossible to
placed on the.firing li
nt's Mideast trip
he Washington POST
er campaign," the
wreck Nixon's trip
e."
ROMANIA As the only
relations w
about the trip, limitin
was characteristically
avoided having to join
in their praise of the
situation. The party d
the 12th that the "no
taking place "in the fr
in the Mideast situatio
disengagement on the Si
any reference to either
contrasted with a 1 Jun
disengagement, in which
praise equal to that fo
YUGOSLAVIA Belgrade
initiati
the visit would serve a
about the U.S. attitude
generally displayed lit
problems in U.S.-Soviet
Describing the visit as
viewed it as necessary
the Mideast crisis but
measured by progress ac
of the President's arri
Milutin Milenkovic point
in U.S. relations, citi
the United States had "e
neutral, mediating" role
qualified these observat
the real alliance" with
East European coun
th Israel, Romania
its coverage to t
ircumspect. By re
or break with the
oviet Union's role
ily SCINTEIA noted
lization" of U.S.
mework of importan
, that is, the Gen
ai and Golan front
the U.S. or Soviet
SCINTEIA article
Gromyko and the So
Kissinger and the
media took a posit
e in visiting the
useful purpose was
toward the Palesti
shed.in Prague's RUDE
eculation regarding
ture, denounced the
ary at this juncture--at
nd before the Moscow
played "a considerable
ispatch added that "once
to Moscow, Kissinger was
ry maintaining diplomati
was virtually silent
rse reports. Bucharest
raining from comment it
then Warsaw Pact countries
in the Middle East
in a Cairo dispatch on
gyptian relations was
developments which occurred
va conference and .the
." However, it avoided
mediating roles. This
n.the Syrian-Israeli
iet Union were given
ve view of the President'
ideast, but optimism that
qualified by concern
ian issue. Belgrade
le concern that the visit might create
or Arab-Soviet relations.
"undoubtedly useful
o "disclose the dep
tedthat its "full
eyed in settling t
1 in Egypt, Belgra
d out Arab satisfa
the opinion of u
sentially changed
adopting an "obje
ons by noting that
srael had occurred
," BORBA on the 11th
h and complexity" of
significance" would be
e crisis. On the day
e radio.commentator
tion with the trend
amed Arab sources that
is position" on the
tive, and even a
nd Israelis. Milenkovic
"no real breaking up of
I l
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21 JUNE 1974
Belgrade repeatedly emphasized that the Mideast crisis could not
be settled without resolving the Palestinian question, and on the
15th a TANJUG commentary singled out as the."greatest result" of
the visit up to that time the U.S.-Egyptian statement recognizing
the "interests" of the Palestinians. TANJUG pointed out, however,
the distinction between "interests" and "a real act of granting
recognition to the national rights of the People of Palestine,"
which "is still rejected in practice." TANJUG raised the Palestinian
question again on the 20th noting that throughout the remainder of
the trip the President was unwilling to go beyond the Cairo state-
ment. Moreover, it reported that Kissinger's remark in Jerusalem
about bringing the Palestinians into negotiations through Jordan
had caused Arab "protests" and "may bring about new conflicts and
even a more complicated situation in international relations."
Yugoslav comment on Moscow's attitude toward the trip shifted some-
what following the tumultuous welcome given the President in Egypt.
A Teslic BORBA commentary on the 11th, the day before his arrival,
maintained that the visit was "welcomed" not-only by the Arabs and
the Israelis but also by the Soviet Union,. which saw the tour as a
"component and indispensable part of joint American-Soviet efforts
to reach a just solution of the crisis through negotiations in
Geneva." The Egyptians' enthusiastic welcome for Nixon, however,
seemed to raise questions about possible Soviet irritation. On
the 17th Zagreb radio commentator Milika Sundic described the
Cairo treatment as an "embarrassing episode" which, he said, would
be "quickly forgotten, if for no other reason than because it is
not in the interest of the United States to upset relations with
Moscow." Claiming that Washington-Moscow relations remained not
only good "but even better," Sundic predicted that Cairo would do
all in its power to "iron out its difficulties with Moscow as
soon as possible."
Comment on Kissinger's Salzburg press conference was generally
sympathetic. On the day after the news conference TANJUG cited
Arab press comment that allegations against Kissinger were the
result of a "Zionist conspiracy" aimed at undermining the visit,
and Belgrade radio commentator Kosta Timotijevicforecast that
Kissinger "has all the chances to survive politically both the
present and who knows how many future presidents."
ALBANIA Tirana comment emphasized that the United States had
not abandoned its close ties with Israel and that
President Nixon was aiming at strengthening Washington's "imperialist"
influence in the Arab countries at the expense of Moscow, even though
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the two big powers cant
the Arabs. On the open
radio, in an unattribut
three main objectives:
loving" and to gain "po
in Arab minds of the Un
and profoundly hostile"
position, just as Mosco
Washington Moscow rival
"understanding" between
should remain unsettled
in the future in the ro
peoples under the guise
in the Mideast.
The party daily ZERI I
by ATA on the 13th, con
forced to visit the Ara
between them and the Un
perspective" both for t
successes in the Octobe
opinion in.favor of the
ware of "vain promises
ued to operate in
ng day of the trip
d commentary, outi
To present U.S. "i
itical capital at
ted States as "pro
to the Arabs; and
was trying to do
y, however, was vi
the two that fund
so that the two su
e of "arbiters of
of so-called speci
Y FBIS REACTION REPORT
21 JUNE 1974
"collusion" against
the Tirana domestic
p.erialism" as "peace-
ome"; to erase the image
Israeli, warmongering
o "undermine" Moscow's
o Washington. The
wed as tempered by an
ental Mideast problems
erpowers could emerge
he fate of the Arab
1 responsibilities"
OPULLIT, in an .art clecarried in full
ended that Preside t Nixon was practically
states in order to seek a "disengagement"
ted States once he ad seen the "dark
e United States and Israel following Arab
war, the oil embar o, and rising public
rabs. The daily w rned the Arabs to be-
or peace" and "vari.us diplomatic maneuvers.'
Picking up American press reports on Kis.s.i
tapping role, Tirana portrayed the allegati
unattributed article tit
gate Scandal," ZERI I PO
STAR-NEWS as reporting t
in testimony before the
September. Although Kis
ignored, ATA on the 18th
to save both Nixon's and
ed "Kissinger--Par
at "he had failed
enate Foreign Rela
inger's Salzburg p.
interpreted the Mi
Kissinger's "skins
CHINA
Peking has thus far rest
straightforward NCNA rep
stays in Egypt and Syria
other Middle East stops.
of nuclear power assista
report on the President'
of U.S.-Egyptian relatio
principles, and stressed
icted coverage of
its that have .f ocu
and have given onl
Peking has not m
ce to Egypt and Is.
talks in Egypt ac
s, noted the two s
progress toward bi
errs alleged wire-
icipant in the Water-
ited the Washington
o speak the truth"
ions Committee last
ess conference was
east visit as designed
he trip to brief,
ed on the President's
passing mention to
tioned the U.S. offers
ael. A 15. June NCNA
nowledged .the consolidati n
des' declaration of
ateral economic cooperati n.
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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. FBIS REACTION REPORT
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The report indirectly demonstrated continuing -U,.S..-Egyp.tian
differences over Middle East political questions,, citing Sadat's
stress on the need for respecting Palestinian national rights
while noting the President's acknowledgement that he had not
come "with ready-made solutions for these complex problems."
A shorter 17 June NCNA report on the President's stay in Syria
highlighted the agreement to reestablish diplomatic relations
that had capped his talks with President Asad.
A 6 June NCNA article pegged to.the White Hause .announcement of
the President's Middle East trip had taken pains to portray the
journey as the latest step in the successful U.S. advance in the
area, at Soviet expense, since the Octo.ber.1973war.. It had noted
Washington's achievements in bringing about the troop disengagement
agreements, cited Secretary Kissinger's 4 June testimony before the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee that the United States was de-
termined to strengthen the recent tendency of Arab states to end
their one-sided reliance on Moscow, and reported the, Secretary's
defense of U.S. aid appropriations for Arab nations. Linking
President Nixon's Middle East tour with his upcoming trip to
Moscow, NCNA had also cited Western press observations that the
former trip served to demonstrate a,strong U.S. position, while
underlining the weakening of the Soviet stances on the eve of
the Moscow summit.
OTHER ASIAN COMMUNIST
VIETNAM North and South Vietnamese communist media reported
only the barest details of the President's itinerary
and played up evidence of alleged U.S. duplicity, in effect warn-
ing against Arab cooperation with the United States. 'The first
Hanoi reference to the President's tour came in a 3 June article
in the North Vietnamese party paper NHAN DAN, which contended
that the United States is pursuing its own unchanged interests
in the Middle East. The article recalled Secretary Kissinger's
recent diplomatic efforts in the area--saying that the Secretary
has presented President Nixon with "a passport to return to the
Middle East"--and went on to sarcastically question the portrayal
of Kissinger as the Arabs' "friend,, as a reliable negotiator.
who lives up to his promises" and to maintain that Washington is
trying to protect Israel and divide the Arab states. The article.
was critical of Egypt's improvement of relations with the United
States, but noted with approval evidence of continuing Syrian
circumspection.
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During and after the to
reception given the Pre
a statement by Yasir 'A
would not lay down thei
Hanoi media and Liberat
retaliatory air strikes
and quoted a Beirut paps
light for the attacks.
r Vietnamese coimnu
ident in Arab coup
afat that the Pale
arms until they a
on Radio ptedictab
in Lebanon after t
r charging that Ni:
1st media-ignored the
ries but publicized
tinian "revolutionaries".
hieve their objectives.
y reported Israel's
e President's departure
on had given the green
NORTH KOREA, MONGOLIA
Mongolian People's Repu
report or comment upon
The monitored. P:
transmissions f
lic media have not
resident Nixon's M
~ongyang radio and KCNA
on North Korea, and
been heard to either
ddle East visits.
CUBA
Havana's reaction was p
themes. that'Wa?tergate a
prime factors motivating
was included in both th
progress and in several
domestic radio and telev
Havana on 11 June carrie
President's arrival in S
"to offset his political
scandal," and to the U.S
the long years of "erode
of backing Zionism. Ano
ostentatious display of
press comment that the p
economic-political influ
Among the commentaries,
a talk by Jose Maria Gon
20 June. Admitting that
personally and for U.S.
up the results of the tr
of developing economic-p
and Jordan; the resumpti
strengthening of all kin
"the wealth of wisdom Ni:
edictably negative
d U.S.:imperialiat
the President's to
running news accou
more extensive comm
~sion programs.
a Vienna-dateline
lzburg which refer
downfall brought a
interest in rep.ai:
contacts" brought
her broadcast the
ecurity" at Salzbu
rpose of the trip
nce" among the Ara
nd keyed,to the
mb.itions were the
r. Derogatory comment
is of the President's
ntaries carried in
report on the
ed to his attempt
out by the Watergate
ing the effects of
about by the policy
ame day stressed "the
g -and quoted Lebanese
as "to spread imperialist
he most pointed an
alez Jerez over Had
the tour represent
oals in the Middle
p in the following
litical relations
n of diplomatic re
s of bonds with Isr
on acquired."
authoritative was
ana television on
d a gain for Nixon
East, Gonzalez summed
terms: The prospect
ith .Egypt, Saudi Arabia..
tions with Syria; the
el"; and, as a bonus,
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At the same time, Gonzales stressed the.unchanging nature of
U.S. interests in the area. Nixon's commitments-to the Arab
countries--financial aid, investments, and technological aid
that included a nuclear reactor for peaceful purposes-were,
Gonzalez stressed, much more ambiguous than what he pledged
to Israel." Israel, Gonzalez added, was pleased with. Nixon's
visit, "not because of his tranquillizing words but because
of the agreements that were.signed."
Gonzalez detailed the general terms of the U.S.-Israeli joint
communique. He noted that the condemnation of terrorism "totally
suits the theses of Israel," as it sounded a warning to its
neighbors, and he asserted that Nixon had spoken of peace "but
always in general terms." Gonzalez said Nixon had "evaded" the
Palestinian problem in talks with the Arabs. Kissinger "spoke
out more clearly" on the issue, Gonzalez added. He pointed out
that the Secretary of State's view that the Palestinians should
be present at the Geneva talks fitted in with ".Israel's thinking."In conclusion, Gonzalez said the reactionaryp.ress..tries to make
Nixon out as "the arbiter of the Mideast situation and a friend
of the Arab people" in an effort to obscure his "direct complicity
with Israel's aggression." "Such propaganda,". Gonzales said, "clashes
with reality" and aims at isolating the Arabs from their real
friends, the Soviet Union and the socialist. countries. The clear-
cut goal of this propaganda is to divide the Arabs and to consolidate
imperialist positions in the Middle East, "to the detriment of the-
Arab people's just cause."
The regional Matanzas domestic service.comnentator,. David Segura
Nunez, in a 14 June talk entitled "Allah Bless Nixon."ridiculed
the reception accorded Nixon on his arrival in Cairo. Suggesting
that the reception that greeted "the Yankee chief of state" was
a staged affair, Segura Nunez said: "It is, inconceivable that
the Egyptians, the same people who have frequently been forced to
endure the results of Zionist aggression contrived by U.S. aggressive
circles, have a sincere desire to cheer such a notorious and
accomplished genocidal felon. . . ."
Without mentioning President Sadat, Segura Nunez said it was
difficult to speculate "on a leader's conduct in abandoning the
scenario of the people's struggle." He added: "We would like
to believe no other leaders under any conditions would have
allowed this masquerade of the masses. . . ."" Segura Nunez
concluded that "it is not for nothing that Israel is spoken of as
the 51st state. . . .11
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Guido Garcia Inclan, i his commentary ."L Freddy"
on 18 June, speculated that Nixon's promises of.loans to the
Arabs would not be reg rded favorably in heU.S. Senate.
Kissinger's role was noted, and sometimes-disparaged, in several
news reports and comme taries. Havana television and radio on
11 June reported Kissi ger's press conference, pointing out that
his threat to resign w s made on "the eve-of, Nixon's Mideast
visits" and "outside s own country.." DavidSegura Nunez in
another regional Matan as domestic servic commentary entitled
"Mandrake the Magician in a Spot,"' on 12 une, scoffed at Kissinger
supposed "unbelievable feats" with regard to Vietnam and the
Golan Heights.
FOR OFFICIAL USE 0
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