ECONOMIC - AGRICULTURE, CROPS, MECHANIZATION, LAND IMPROVEMENT, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700220307-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 12, 2003
• Sequence Number: 307
• Publication Date: April 30, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL
Economic - Agriculture, crops, mechaniza-
tion, land improvement, rural
electrification DATE DIST. 50 Apr 1953
Daily, semiweekly, thrice-weekly newspapers
22 - 31 .Tan 1953
Russian
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
INFORMATION ON USSR All?ULTURE 22 - 3; JANUARY 1
romment: This report presents information, from Soviet news-
papers, on agriculture in the USSR as a whole and in nine union re-
publics. Progress and statistical data are given on the following:
crops, mechanization, land improvement, and rural electrification.
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
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DATE
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LANGUAGE
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In 1952, USSR agriculture received 131,000 tractors in terms of 15-horse-
power units, 98,000 combines and motor vehicles, and more than 2 million soil-
working, sowing, harvesting, and other agricultural machines.(1)
In 1952, 297 rural hydroelectric power stations and 912 steam electric
power stations went into operation in the USSR; 1,085 kolkhozes and 760 MTS,
LES (shelter belt stations), and repair enterprises were electrified. About
24,000 electric motors with a total rapacity of almost 150,000 horsepower were
installed in kolkhozes and M 3 .
following: ta' ons to be put into operation in 1953 include the
followin 0
g GES ? ' , ,~~00 kilowatts, in Stavropol'skiy Kray; Rassypu-
,000 kilowatts, Ryazanskaya Oblast; Eerdyuginskaya GES, 1,200
kilowatts, in Sverdlovskaya Oblast; Kabala GES, 1,350 kilowatts, and Duripshi
GES, 1,500 kilowatts in Georgian S:,R. Tn 1953, 1,660 additional kolkhozes are
to be electrified.(25
Latvian SSR
In 1952, the average grain yield in sovkhozes of the republic was 17-18
quintals per hectare. In the fall of 1952. twice as Much winter wheat was sown
in sovkhozes of the republic as in the loll of 1951. The area to be sown to
spring wheat in 1953 is to be 20 percent greater than that ;own in the spring
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of 1952. Sowing of sunflowers is to increase sharply. More than two thirds of
all spring crops are to sown on winter fallowed land, and mechanization of field
work in sovkhozes of the republic is to reach 80 percent.(3)
During the last 3 years, the number of MTS in the republic more than dou-
bled. During the last 2 years, Latvian agriculture received thousands of trac-
tors and self-propelled combines, 2,300 tractor plows, 2,000 cultivators and
stubble plows, 1,100 seeders, and much other equipment.(4)
Ukrainian SSR
During the last 2 years, the capacity of kolkhoz electric power stations
in Odesskaya Oblast has doubled.(5)
Construction of the Brynzenskaya.GES on the Reuta River has been completed.
Electric lights began to burn on 20 January in the village of Starfye Brunzeny.
About 150 kolkhozes and sovkhozes and all MTS in the republic have now
been fully electrified.(6)
In 1952, kolkhozes of Tbilisskaya Oblast added 50,000 hectares of new land
to the area devoted to grain crops. Grain deliveries to the state were con-
siderably greater than in 1951.
During the last 2 years, 26 new MTS were created in the Georgian SSR.(1)
Construction of the Bechroyskaya and Kalaoyskaya hydroelectric power sta-
tions in Zeme-Svanetskty Rayon has been completed. They provide electric light
for 11 kolkhozes.
The village of Arsha in Kazbegskiy Rayon, Tbilisskaya Oblast receives
power from the Kisturskaya Interkolkhoz Electric Power Station.(7j
In 1952, the sown area devoted to all agricultural crops in the republic
increased by 1.3 million hectares as compared with 1951. The area devoted to
wheat increased by 2.4 million hectares as compared with 195148)
In 1952, M'S of Chitinskava Oblast performed 82.percent of all field work
ir ftlkhtizes of the oblast.
Machines in MTS of the oblast have increased considerably. Twn nPv !+fi'S
have been created in Aginskiy Buryat-Mongol 'ski,,,- Natsional'nyy Okzvg atd
The level of mechanization of agriculture in theTransbaykal region is
rising. In 1952, the volume of tractor work increased by 23 percent and the
volume of mechanized harvesting by 13 percent. An increase iai the area de-
voted to food crops, grasses, and fodder root crops is planned.(4)
During the 4 years since 1948, when the Stalin transformation-of-nature
plan was initiated, 440 ponds with a total area of 800 hectares have been con-
structed in kolkhozes of Ryazanskaya Oblast. All ponds in the oblast occupy an
area of about 7,000 hectares. By the end of 1955, the area occupied by ponds
is to have increased to 1,700 hectares.(9)
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Uzbek SSR .
By 29 January, sowing of spiked grain crops was in progress throughout
koihozes of the republic. The sowing campaign is moving into the northern
portions of the republic.(4)
In 1953, the area devoted to orchards in the republic is being expanded
by 3,000 hectares, that to vineyards by 870 hectares, and that to figs and
pomegranates by-180 hectares. Kolkhozes have been supplied with planting ma-
terial by 29 state and kolkhoz nurseries.
In contrast to other years, kol.khozes of the republic are planting or-
chards on tracts of 15-20 hectares.(l)
According to preliminary data, the 1950 - 1952 plan for conversion to the
new system of irrigation was fulfilled only 62 percent in the republic.(10) .
Turkmen
During the period 1946 - 1951, the area.sown to cotton in the republic in-
creased by 30 percent and yield rose by 68 percent.
According to preliminary anta, the 1950 - 1952 plan for conversion to the
new system of irrigation was fulfilled only 52.2 percent.(10)
As of 21 January, kolkhozes of the republic had sown spring crops on an
area six times as great as had been sown by the same date in 1952. Many kol-
khozes are sowing wheat and barley by the close-row and crisscross methods;
the area to be sown by these methods in 1953 will be twice as great as in
1952.(6)
Kolkhozes and solkhozes in many areas of the republic were sawing early
spiked grain crops by 29 January. Tens of thousands of hectares of wheat and
barley had already been sown. (11)
Kolkhozes of northern Tadzhikistan had begun sawing spring crops by 29 Jan-
uary, which was 2 weeks earlier than in 1951. In 1953, the area devoted to
spring grain crops in Leninauadskaya Oblast is being increased by 17,500 hee-
tares.(4)
According to preliminary data, the 1950 - 1952 plan for conversion to the
new system of irrigation was fulfilled only 71.1 percent in the republic.(10)
Kirgiz SSR
In Frunzenskaya Oblast, there were 19 kolkhozes which grew cotton in 1949,
72 in 1950, 53 in 1951, and 35 in 1952.
In 1952, work directed toward conversion to the new system of irrigation
was carried out on an area of only 30,800 hectares as compared with 59,900 hec-
tares in 1951.(10)
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1. Sotsialisticheskoye Zemledeliye, 27 Jan 53
2. Ibid., 24 Jan 53
3. Sovkhoznaya Gazeta, 24 Jan 53
4. Sotsialisticheskoye Zemledeliye, 30 Jan 53
5. Pravda, 25 Jan 53
6. Sotsialisticheskoye Zemledeliye, 22 Jan 53
7. Ibid., 31 Jan 53
8. Sovkhoznaya Gazeta, 31 Jan 53
9. Sotsialisticheskoye Zemledeliye, 23 Jan 53
10. Sovetskoye I4i1opkovodstvo, 31 Jan 53
11. Pravda, 29 Jan 53
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