SYNTHETIC MATERIALS IN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP62-00328A000100160002-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 9, 2001
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: May 25, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2001/04/23 : CIA-RDP62-00328A000100160002-7
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MITOTIC MATERIALS IN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTICV
By Maj r1 Eagtaearing SerriassA
A. Tummy
Sovetskaya Aviatsiya, 1958, May 25.
rly.1-AgAl Tray ..61104:12
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SYNTHETIC MATERIALS IA AIliCkAPI! (JONSTRUCTION
By Enjor-General, Enasmering Services,
A. Iunanov.
SovetsLxya Avinteiya, 195Ei, May 25.
AbridgrA Trammlation
Chemistry plays a very important rale im aireragt
construction. Production of rodern serovlaues is unthinkable 'with-
out using a great variety of synthetic materihls and ;Unties.
Even during the second world N1112" a very :Ash strength ttaber plastic,
"deltaetiaber"? veto %Ma for the main streased components of fighter
aircraft. Tho propellor bladfss for light aircraft end helicopters
era also being made of &timber plastic, Combined 'with other materials
it ia used for the intarior of the sem passenger planes f4-104,
ii-18, in-10 axd Tn-114.
In modern uircraft so-called foam plastics are exteaiively us*,
the 'weight of which is ssuay tines smaller Uses eves the eery light
metal magnesium rale to their good heat aaa sound insulation pro-
perties, they can be used as fillers for isteernal walls and panels.
When making closer voiunee out o shoe...s, for instaticit contra].
rudders, it is frequently almost ievossible to ensure adequate
rigidity and in this ease self-foaming plaatics are very useful.
Intrcduction of a certain quantity of such plastics into a closed
volume and subsequent heating essays* uutToem filling of the entire
volume, a strong bond of the rose lar with the metal end a high
rigidity of the design.
By combining foals layers sith stiffening elements 4ursourei
foam layers" are attested in itieich vtneer, glass-textolite and vari-
ous uheet metals are used. Suth reinforced foam layers are succeus-
fully used as fillers in panels faceC with veneer in the passenger
aircraft Tu-104, Tu-114, 11-18; in addition to increased
cad strength, these materials ensure a cosailliarailly radawd weight.
It is well knows that the problm ot reducing the 'weight of
aircraft is one of the most acute in aviation engineerisg. Reduction
by even 0.02 g of the specific ueig1P; per aubic enntimetre of the
foam plastic used in the above mentioned aircraft mould enable the
saving of hundreds of kg of veight ia very large aircraft like the
Tu-1/4. According to Soviet Civil Air-Lien data reduction of the
ueight of &passenger aircraft bercneey 1 he produces an. annual econoMY
in the operation of the tichliluo of ;Ibout 2000 roUbles. Consequently
the reduction in meleht by 300-eg fo. 00 aircraft leads to an
.annnal economy of al,cut 60 adAdoarIcibles.
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Plastics beset on glaze fabric Cans fibre aad various
resins of high specific strength end a vunber of other eroperties
ere extensively used in aviation megineeeing. Manufacture of lege,
components frau glassetaztalite by the method of sbapiag appiyiag
polyester bondieg ageatz elapilf!y and cheapen considerably the
teehnological process as compumel to manufatture of such componenta
frau sheet natal. In a amber of cases a considerable saving la
weight mad o. reducttoa ia the 4ifit7cuMty ofsenufactuxe is obtaerad
for a component of oval strength. For inatance, the mamufacture
of containers shaped in one %ace from glassetamtolite end used as
soft fUol r in aireraft enabled a weight reductioa by almost 40%.
Use of glessetestolita for the bodies of serial cameras enabler
the production of cameras, the lane eattimg of ehich does mot change
ae a moult of temperature variatieas eiees the toefficieat of limner
exeoaalon of the optical lensea and of the glasuetextolite housing
=Juin very near to each other. Furthermore, substitationce the
metal by glays-textolits ensures a weight, reduction of the body by
20 to 25%.
Glass-textolites, ,efaidb else lasses, ealuable radio engineering
preperties, in ccembiaateca with lets layers or heecyceab Mien,
are very mental materies sal vithie a certain tenperatnro range
they are irreplaceable Au' Petrie; radio location antennae. By
coefaining Glass fibres aith artifacial resins newtherneely stable
pleetice are Obtains' tem abink verioue parts ef aircraft instra-
',vents eed componenty erepeodaced by ttio eTeseers preening.
Perapex is used fon -aircraft tandems, this materiel has good
optical properties, a low specific gravity clad permits producing
eauponeets of any configeratioa sad it is stable to the effects
of atmospheric conditions- A dimadematage of this; material is 'Am
high sensitivity to stream eoacentratioe. The reeently develops4
method of two-axial orientation er the Ile:repay by drawing it at a
teeperature eeeeeding the softening poirt of glass enabled obtaining
a egelitatively nevannteriaaa without any ehasge ehenical
camposition, which is !tee or the above eentiened defect. Synthetic
universal and special glues are available vhich have a strong
adhesion to metal oed leach make gluing one of the meet reliable
aaa in many camee the clay praeticable method of joining non-
etellic materials with metals. The emergence of such glues has
enebled for the first time the use of glues for joining metals with
metals. Gluing of metal eonponents elietnates tae Oleadeantaens
brought ibout by rivetting, veldiag and otlderiew and, thtrefa*,
tbial methoti is being used. on. Pei inereasing meal* it aviation and
oieter brencheeolinagineertate.
Receatly, glues home elee been used on avid* stale in come
Welted. desegns with fi1J..eu eller apaufteturing frictiOn discs fee-
eteele end also for predeetne glued-welded and gived-rivetted joiats
for aircraft and helicopters,
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Application of glued joints In the manufacture of helicopter
blades enabled improving the quality *ad increasiag their lifetime
to double and even more.
Local etress concentrations uhich occur around rivets, veld
spots, etc., distribute uniformly throughout the surface of the
joint in the case of glued joints and thereby enables simplificatiom
of the design end ennures a surface which is smoother than that of
rivetted, welded or soldered joints.
New types of synthetic resins, particularly epoxide resins,
permit using more economic systems of doping aircraft, the coating
can be applied directly to the metallic sheathing vithent using
any primer (oil varnish or glyptal sine chromate primer). Use of
such doping system in modern aviation permits a saving of hundreds
of tons of prinere and dozens of tone of vegetable oils required
for manufacturing then.
It is not possible to enumerate within a short article the
great variety of synthetic materials uned for aircraft construction
but the few exasples allow clearly the impertence of elastics and
other synthetic 'materials in aviatioa engineering.
The successfal fulfillment of VI* decree of the Central
Coemuaist Party on aceeterating the development of the chemical
Industry and particularly of the nenefacture of synthetic materials
Is of great national importence in tee Soviet Union.
Approved For Release 2001/04/23 : CIA-RDP62-00328A000100160002-7