BULLETIN OFFICE OF TRAINING OCTOBER - 1963
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP78-03090A000200040007-8
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
S
Document Page Count:
38
Document Creation Date:
November 16, 2016
Document Release Date:
February 25, 2000
Sequence Number:
7
Case Number:
Publication Date:
October 1, 1963
Content Type:
BULL
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CIA-RDP78-03090A000200040007-8.pdf | 1.67 MB |
Body:
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O F F I C E O F T R A I N I N G
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DOWNORADINO AND
DECL"SIFICATION
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In this issue. .
A follow-up to the article on briefing techniques is on
page 3. This time we give some ideas on using audio-
visual aids, an important part of any briefing.... OTR's
School of International Communism would like to teach
you all it knows about communism and Communism.
One of the courses it has devised is pretty thoroughly
described on page 14.... The U. S. Civil Service Com-
mission is beginning a series of very interesting Sem-
inars for Executives at its new Center in King's Point
N. Y. Details are on page Z3. .
25X1 C
25X1 C
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CONFIDENTIAL
1 Bulletin Board
3 Using Audio-Visual Aids
14 Communist Party Organization and Operations
19 External Programs
Z3 Executive Seminars
28 Foreign Language Policy--State and USIA
31 Office of Training Directory
32 OTR Calendar
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BULLETIN
25X1A
Form 259 (Request for Medical Evaluation) should be
sent with requests for operations training at-
Simply attach the Form 259 to the green sheet
Form 73) and send to AIB, which will process it
through Medical Staff and inform the Training Officer
of MS approval or disapproval.
25X1A
25X1A
There will be a Training Officers' Orientation on 24
and 25 October. During this day-and-a-half program
Training Officers are introduced to Chiefs of Schools
and Staff in OTR and hear from them a description of
their functions and activities and the services they
have available for Training Officers.
On 1 October Training Assistants will be given an ori-
entation into OTR by members of the Registrar Staff.
For information on these two programs, call 25X1A
x5517.
If the number of BULLETINS or Special Bulletins you
are receiving is not correct, too many or too few,
please let us know. We hope these publications are
given the widest possible circulation.
MIDCAREER The first running of the Midcareer Course will begin
COURSE 7 October and continue through 15 November. The
course includes a review of the responsibilities of all
major Agency components, an analysis of management
problems in the Agency, study of the roles of the vari-
ous elements of the Federal Government (at Brookings),
and two weeks devoted to study of current political,
military and scientific developments. The next Course
will start on 13 January.
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PRETESTS: Pretests for clerical skills courses are given in the
CLERICAL typewriting classroom in the Washington Building An-
SKILLS nex of Arlington Towers at 9:20 A. M. according to the
following schedule:
For the 14 October-8 November course:
9 October--typewriting pretest
10 October-- shorthand pretest
For the 18 November-13 December course:
13 November--typewriting pretest
14 November-- shorthand pretest
CLERICAL CLERICAL SKILLS QUALIFICATIONS TESTS are given
SKILLS in the typewriting classroom in the Washington Annex
QUALIFICATIONS Building of Arlington Towers according to the following
TESTS schedule: (where the time of the test is not given, those
who sign up for the test will be notified of the time later)
7 October (0920)
Typewriting
8 October (0920)
SHORTHAND
21 October
Typewriting
Z2 October
SHORTHAND
12 November
Typewriting
12 November
SHORTHAND
25 November
Typewriting
26 November
SHORTHAND
16 December
(0920)
Typewriting
17 December
(0920)
SHORTHAND
REQUEST In many cases, admission to an QTR course depends
on how the assignment and experience of the applicant
relate to the requested training. This is Item 8 on
the Form 73 (Request for Internal Training). It is not
sufficient to enter in this item a general job title like
"analyst" or "operations officer". Training Officers
are asked to ensure that as much information as pos-
sible is given in Item 8.
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In the May BULLETIN, when
we ran an article on briefing
techniques, we promised more
information on the value and
use of audio-visual aids. This
is it: some general remarks,
descriptions of some of the
aids you are most likely to use,
and some hints on using them.
We all know what Confucius say. Let's re-
vise it a little: One picture can be worth ten
thousand words or figure. Not many of us
need to be persuaded that audio or visual aids
aid. We have seen the proof in the greater
interest, our own or in our audiences, when
we heard or gave talks which included well
manipulated, well designed, well chosen aids
We have also learned that poorly chosen, sloppily prepared, or in-
eptly handled aids impede rather than expedite interest andcompre-
hension.
We know too that an "aided" presentation isn't always the best,
that there are many things that figures or words do better. For
example, only words can tell why something was done, or what
the results mean, or what their importance is. And just as too
many words can overwhelm understanding, so too many sound-
sight devices can drown the hearer-viewer in brightly colored and
melodious confusion.
Granted, though, that you are going to use
some instructional aids in your next briefing
or lesson. Why? Before deciding on what
to use or even whether to use it, the reasons
should be clear. And these reasons should
be one or more of the following:
AUD 10MV ISUAL
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A Your material demands it, or at least asks
for it. Some of the ideas you want to present
are such that they can be expressed more quick-
ly, more forcefully, more completely, or more
accurately through a chart or film or in some
other audio-visual way than through an unaided
oral presentation. For example, you are ex-
plaining a complicated process; a schematic dia-
gram, a flow chart, a circuit model may be necessary if you want
your audience to understand what you are talking about. Or, some
of the concepts you must get over are very abstract; a cartoon, a
symbol, a quick sketch on the blackboard may give the ideas the
concrete dimensions they need for comprehensibility. Sometimes
understanding is hindered by the varying background of your audi-
ence, leading to a varying interpretation of an important point in
your talk; here again a concrete visualization of what you are
stressing may be needed to assure uniform understanding.
You want to increase interest. Purely verbal exposition can't
seize the attention or create the interest that a well designed and
graphic visual aid can. (Pitfall: an aid may be so interesting in
itself that it distracts from the idea it is expected to emphasize.
Thus, the plot or the setting of a movie maybe so engrossing that
the trade craft methods demonstrated in it are never even noticed.
Keep in mind the jet designer's disciplined concept: we want the
plane to be beautiful, but it must also fly).
(Your aim is to insure retention. It seems to be true that most
people learn more through their eyes than through their ears.
This puts you at a disadvantage in getting your hearers to recall
your ideas unless you augment your voice with something for their
eyes. Charts which simplify, tapes or records which restate, pic-
tures which particularize, color which attracts give you this extra
leverage on the audience's memories. There is a tie between re-
tention and interest, and interest goes most readily to the realis-
tic or concrete or beautiful.
DYou want to emphasize one of the main ideas
of your briefing. You can raise your voice. You
can wave your arms or pound the lectern. But a
better way is to stress it with a graphic aid....
magnify your concept with a projector, color it
for impact, add humor with a cartoon, spell it
out on the blackboard, mimeograph it and pass
it out. Try one. Try two.
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What is a good visual aid? (Most of the qual-
ities listed here apply, with needed adjust-
ments, to audio aids as well.)
The good visual aid is simn Unity marks
it. A single idea is its subject. Nothing ir-
relevant, nothing distracting from that single
concept you want to illustrate. No clutter, no
elaborate designs which confuse more than they help. Be bold in
omitting. Distortion, if accuracy is not sacrificed, can contribute
to simplicity and clarity.
The good visual aid is visibl. Every detail must be easy to see
from any part of the room. Therefore large enough, legible, un-
obstructed by instructor or equipment or heads. Make them big.
Place them high. Use a pointer.
The good visual aid is attractive. Design, color, form, movement,
all attract attention, hold it, and aid recall of the ideas illustrated.
Caution: Remember that this is an aid we are talking about; it must
be subordinate, the vassal to the liege topic of the briefing, not so
attractive that it usurps all interest. Remember too that there is
a hierarchy among the elements of a visual aid, and color or size
of type should not emphasize the subordinate at the expense of the
more significant.
The good visual aid is flexible. It must be selected and designed
and updated to fit the audience and any changes you make in your
presentation. Slides, for example, are more flexible in arrange-
ment than film strips and film strips are more flexible than a mov-
ie, where the sequence is fixed. Timeliness is another element
of flexibility: a visual aid exhibited out of sequence or displayed
too early in the briefing or delayed beyond the point where it is dis -
cussed loses most if not all of its usefulness.
The good visual aid is easy to Handle. Examples of unmanageable
aids are the chart which is too awkward to lift or turn, the map
Appr
folded so often itwon't lie flat, the picture rolled
so tightly it won't stay unrolled, the projector
which won't project, the model which suddenly
can't be dismantled, the too- smallpieces of chalk.
Finally, the really good visual aid is Aynamic.
Which is not to say that a motion picture is nec-
essarily a better visual aid than a chart or that
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a working model is always more effective than a picture. But,
whether it moves or not, the aid needn't be static. It can be force-
ful; it can, if well planned, express vigor and energy.
Some good "rules" for the use of visual aids:
Preplan every aspect--electric outlets if needed, an easel for
charts or flannel-board, distribution of handouts, size of room,
seating, placement of projector, the screen, lighting, blackboard
supplies, table or stand for models, means of darkening the room,
and so forth.
Ask yourself what can go wrong (answer: almost everything)--and
have an alternative ready. another visual aid or the mental flexi-
bility to get along without.
Rehearse. Re-rehearse. Don't commit platform suicide by trying
to use your audio-visuals without practice.
Talk to your audience. rather than to the chart or map or screen.
Don't block the audience's view of the visual aid.
Orient them to the meaning of the aid you are using, how and why
it is being used.
If possible, hide the thing until you are ready to use it.... and put
it out of sight after you have finished with it.
Get the advice of the graphics or art department
in your component. Ask them to go over your
material and to suggest a graphic or dramatic
way of putting it across.
Don't be diffident or apologetic about the visual
aids you use. Demonstrate them with confidence.
Pictures. Maybe enlarged photographs, drawings
slides, clippings from newspaper or magazine,
film strips. They may be projected for short or
long periods, included in a flannel-board display,
posted on the wall or bulletin board, held by the
briefer, reproduced and distributed for retention.
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Pictures are a very flexible visual aid because they can be arranged
in any sequence, and are easily portable. Projectors are usually
available for slides and film strips; larger transparent pictures,
graphs, charts, maps, etc. can be projected by a Vu-graph or
overhead projector.
The blackboard. One of the most commonly used visual aids, it is also
one of the most effective and versatile.... and one of the most
abused. Your chalk can outline, punctuate, underline, and illus-
trate your ideas.... but you can negate all this by blocking the view
of your audience while you speakyour briefing directly to the black-
board. Some suggestions: Keep it clean; erase all material on
the board as it becomes irrelevant. Organize and practice your
blackboard presentation beforehand. Write or draw large enough
so that all can see. Keep it simple, no clutter. Try colored chalk.
Stand back--keep to the side when writing and when speaking--and
make sure you are talking to the audience.
Maps. These are an indispensable part of many types of briefings, of-
fering directly or indirectly a vast amount of information. Gener-
ally, the larger the map and the larger the scale, the better. Spec-
ific types of maps should be used to illustrate limited concepts: de-
mographic patterns, industrial areas, farm product distribution,
etc. Often the addition of lines by the briefer is helpful,especially
if the scale of the map is too small for the room in which it is shown.
Flannel-board. This category of visual aids includes the standard flannel-
or blanket-covered surface onwhich cutouts with sandpaper are plac-
ed; the sheet of ferrous metal to which magnet-backed graphic materi-
al will adhere; and the newer hook-and-loop boards, the best of this
group. Presentations on these devices are valu-
able in teaching a sequence of steps, in explain-
ing office organization, and for other purposes.
Motion pictures. Particularly effective because
theyinclude both sound and motion. More useful
in a teaching situation than in a simple briefing.
It will be seldom that you have a film produced
for the purpose of your briefing, but all or part
of a film available commercially or through the
Agency may be useful. Your purpose in showing
the film and specific points to be observed during
the showing should be explained clearly. The
showing maywell be followed by a discussion or
questions to fix the lesson taught or objective
sought.
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Projectors. Four broad types: The moving pic-
ture projector, familiar to most in the 8mm and
0 A 2P 16mm sizes. The slide projector, most com-
4090 P taking 35mm transparencies. The Vu-
40
graph or overhead projector using transparent
material of a large range of sizes, an illuminat-
ed blackboard for which the room does not need
to be darkened and on which the briefer can write
or draw while the image is being projected (an addedrefinement is
the use of polaroid mate rial and a moving polaroid plate to produce
animation and movement). The opaque projector, useful for pro-
jecting an enlarged image of opaque objects, maps, pages from
books or magazines. Low intensity of illumination. Before using
any of these machines a check-out is mandatory, both to assure
yourself that you are competent to operate it and to insure that the
machine itself is in working order.
Models. Always useful, sometimes invaluable, as when you are pre-
senting a subject which requires three-dimensional perspective.
Models may be of three types: solid, to show
external features; cross section, transparent,
or cut-away, to demonstrate internal features,
functions, or relationships; and working mod-
els. Any of these may be life size, or larger
or smaller than life; they should be to scale.
Closely allied to the working model is the mock-
up, usually used to demonstrate principles in-
volving motion of complicated systems without being too complex
itself. The demonstration of any type of model is as impor-
tant as the model itself; anything less than well-done will be con-
fusing and harmful. The -actual demonstration should be preceded
by an explanation of why you are using the model and a description
of the setup as a whole. Practice is essential.
Relief, terrain, or topographic models. These are reduced scale mod-
els of a specific terrain, target area, factory buildings, etc. They
can be as accurate and contain as much information as a map, and
by their three-dimensional realism, their color and texture, they
help assure a more accurate and realistic grasp of geographic con-
cepts than a map alone is able to produce. Special effort may be
required to enable all in the audience to see this type of model.
And it is usually very helpful to supplement terrain models with
photographs and maps.
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Cartoons. Their appeal is instant, the reaction spontaneous. They
make their point by humor, satire, exaggeration, absurdity.
Recordings. Disc and tape. While very useful in teaching, recordings
probably will not often be used in a briefing. It is one way,
though, of bringing another speaker onto the platform, perhaps
an eye-witness account, remarks by an expert on your subject, a
sample of a language or accent. If you are using a recording, be
sure to listen to it before playing it for your audience, be sure its
content fits your purpose; plan ahead where it is to be broken and
where it fits into your talk. And check out the machine, both its
mechanics and your mastery of them. Obvious? Yes, but haven't
we all attended briefings where we wonderedwhy tape or other A-V
aid was used and why the briefer failed to dominate or at least out-
wit his mechanical aids?
Charts. Since charts are among the most commonly used visual aids,
we will go into them more lengthily. A chart may be defined as
the presentation of figures (quantities) in graphic form. It should
involve more than merely converting a set of figures into a draw-
ing. It means presenting a picture which will give the viewer an
accurate understanding of a particular set of "figure" information,
a picture of the comparisons or relationships which he would other-
wise have to search for--and perhaps fail to see. A well designed
chart communicates quickly, showing the mainfeatures of the data
at a glance; it is forceful, carrying more emphasis than text or
tables; it is convincing, demonstrating the point instead of merely
stating it; it is revealing, often disclosing relationships which
wouldn't otherwise have been noted.
Before you rush out and convert your entire briefing to charts, re-
member that these plus qualities belong to good charts. Many
charts are uninviting because poorly thought out and prepared. Ef-
fective design requires care and attention. Remember too that a
graphic presentation just doesn't fit some data: rough estimates,
for example, may seem more precise on a chart than they really
are.
A chart may be a map showing geographic distribution, or a dia-
gram showing how a quantity is distributed schematically. These
two types are relatively limited in usefulness, though sometimes
they are precisely what you need. Other types are more widely
applicable: pie, bar, column, curve (line), and surface charts.
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A pie chart, a circle divided into segments,
is popular because it looks simple and non-
technical, and because it is excellent for its
one purpose. showing component parts of a
whole.
The bar chart, like the pie chart using only
one scale but far more versatile, measures
quantities by horizontal lines.
The column chart looks like a bar chart turn-
ed on end, but has two scales, one measuring
across (usually time) and the othermeasuring
up-and-down (usually quantity). Each point
on a two-scale chart thus has two values.
Another two-scale chart is the curve chart or
line graph, the most versatile and useful of
all. Curves are usually better than columns
when there are a large number of closely
spaced points to be connected, or when there
are several series of points, orwhen the level
changes only slightly from one point to the
next.
Surface charts, like curves, connect each
plotted point to the next, and like columns,
join each point to the base.... using a continu-
ous shaded band or surface.
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Each of these five basic types of chart can be varied to adapt to
your needs.' Take the bar chart:
it can be divided to
show component parts
or doubled for direct
comparisons
or arranged to show de-
viations from a norm
Irl
Many other variations are possible in the bar chart and in the
others, except the pie chart.
Making the most of charts demands a decision, before the work is
started, as to what type of chart best fits the material you want to
present. It also requires a determination to be simple, direct,
clear, and accurate.
Directness- -choosing a form which puts the emphasis where it be-
longs and subordinates everything else... designing the chart so
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that the viewer's attention is drawn immediately to the fact you
want him to see... sharp and dramatic focus achieved by color or
design.
Simplicity--organizing functionally (don't make your material seem
more complicated than it is) and avoiding useless detail (sharpen
captions, omit needless scale markings, don't try to cover too
much in one chart).
Clarity. Directness and simplicity will insure visual clarity. A
chart must also be clear in meaning, clear to the audience, not
just to the briefer. This may involve explanation of unfamiliar
concepts, translation of unfamiliar terms, omission of unnecessary
information, a compromise between technical exactness and non-
technical clarity.
Accuracy. This goes much further than using accurate data and
plotting them correctly. To be truly accurate a chart must give
an accurate impression. The impression your chart gives is in-
fluenced by the mental make-up of your audience. It is also affect-
ed by the mechanical treatment of the chart, principally its scale
and "frame", and this you can control. The feature of chart de-
sign which has the most direct effect on the impression produced
is the selection of the scale. An example or two maybe worthwhile.
Here are the same data plotted on two different scales; each is ac-
curate, but notice how the choice of scale affects the impression
given.
Which of these two correct versions do you choose? Your answer
depends on your judgment of the situation and the impression you
want to give. A careful and thoughtful decision on this should pre-
cede the making of each chart if you want to avoid giving an inaccu-
rate and possibly misleading impression.
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other data on the same chart, the nearness of other charts with
Another mechanical detail affecting the impression given is the
"frame" of the chart: its size and shape, the presence or absence
ber this factor in preparing and presenting his charts.
frame affects the picture, and every chart maker should remem-
which this one may be compared. Every artist knows that the
work of a person trained in graphics.
covered before they are used and after you have finished with them.
In an emergency most briefers can prepare their own charts; if
there is more time the charts will undoubtedly benefit from the
(strip chart). Charts with acetate overlays may be used to adda
third dimension to components of equipment. All charts should be
ous parts of one chart may be covered and revealed one at a time
gether at the top and shown one at a time (flip chart); or the vari-
allya pointer serves best. A series of charts may be attached to-
should be exercised not to obscure the charts by body or hand; usu
Charts, like material on the blackboard, must be large enough and
high enough to be seen easily by all members of the audience. Care
will be simple, clear, easily visible, accurate, attractive, flexi-
ble in use. If you have some ideas but don't believe you can ex-
press them graphically, get advice and help from component graph-
CONCLUSION
An idea conveyed through two senses (hearing and sight) rather
than just one is more likely to hold attention, excite interest, and
insure its own retention. This is the rationale of audio-visual aids.
Remember, though, to keep them in their place, subordinate to
topic and speaker. Need is the criterion. And the criterion of
need? Your subject-matter and your audience. Visual aids poor-
ly done are expensive, not only in the time (money) spent prepar-
ing them, but because they may fail to tell your audience all you
intend or something different from what you intend. An audio-
visual aid, if worth doing, is worth doing well, and that means it
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orations
IF you are a subversive who tends
toward anarchism and can't seem to make any of your projects work
I F you are a struggling young leftist dis-
satisfied with the Socialists and want to form a Communist front group
IF you are an old-time Commie out of touch
(too long in jail?) with the latest in party roles, rules, and activities
IF you are a CIA intelligence officer whose assign-
ment requires you to know all you can about CP organization and tactics
OTR
has just
the
course
for
you
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With the doctrine and immediate prac-
tical aims of international communism
at war with U. S. interests, there is
no question that professional Agency
personnel need as much knowledge as
they can get about the objectives and
activities of this movement. OTR's
School of International Communism
aims to fill part of this need with a
course called Communist Party Orga-
nization and Operations. This course
is designed to assist professional
Agency personnel, unorganized sub
versives, and Communists who have
been away in jail for too long, to se-
cure a solid comprehension of the prin-
cribed and outlined below. An abbreviated schedule follows.
work for more detailed study. This course is briefly des-
ciples and practices of communism and to develop a frame-
To provide information
on the principles and
methods of organiza-
The course isgivenfour
hours daily for four
weeks; this is adequate
lyzing CP organization and tactics and
tion, internal operations, and of tac-
tics in Communist parties in the free
world. To assist the student in ana-
further exploration of this
Communist parties. In practice, most are officers from
the CS components; personnel of other components are equal-
The course is designed for intelli-
troduction to Intelligence Course (or
gence officers who have had the In-
equivalent) and who are orwill be assigned to work involving
the needs of the greatest number,
for systematic coverage of the material and seems tomeet
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Fairly extensive coverage of the following:
Communist doctrine and the historical development of the move-
ment.
Origin and evolution of Communist organizationalprinciples.
Communist party Struttnre--open and underground.
Membership, cadres, finance, control, and training.
Clandestine mechanism of a Communist party.
CP agitprop and front organizations.
Program and tactics of the movement, with emphasis on tactics
in the struggle for power.
Current interparty relations and problems of international
organization and control.
The focus is on Communist parties of thefree Wore but fre-
quent reference is made to Bloc parties.
Lectures, with accompanying discus-
sion. Small classes make practical
as much discussion as is desired.
2 Problems and exercises. The aim of these is to confront the stu-
dent with "paper situations" which a Communist functionary might
meet; e. g. , the problem of forming a front group, problems of
internal party organization and operations, choice of programs
and tactics, clandestine party work. it has been found useful to
conduct theme exercises mostly as group discussion periods, with
a summing-up presentation and a critique by the instructor.
3 Assigned reading in support of lectures. The aim is
to provide relevant material from both Communist and
non-Communist sources which can be handled during
the scheduled hours. Additional reading will be rec-
ommended to suit the needs of the individual student.
4 Evaluation. Only a minimum is required
and this is based largely on the papers stu-
dents prepare for the problems and exercises.
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ment
TIONAL, pp. 9-32
Organization and Operations Course:
Abbreviated outline of the schedule of the Communist Party
ment
3rd Day Study: Readings from THE GOD THAT FAILED
and "Party Structure"
Discussion: Party Structure
erence to underdeveloped areas.
Study: "From the Underground Experience of th
Venezuelan CP"
Lecture: The Underground Party
6th Day Lecture: Recruitment, Membership and Cell Activities
Lecture: Discipline and Control
Study: FORGING THE WEAPONand PETERS MANUAL,
pp. 115-125
8th Day
Lecture: Finance
Lecture: Education and Training
1957-58
Lecture: CP Agitprop
9th Day Study:
Class manual "Objectives of Communist Front Or-
ganizations" and "Communist Front Organizations -
Methods and Problems"
Discussion: Communist Fronts
Problem: Communist Front Organizations
10th Day Lecture: International Communist Mass Organizations
Study: Class manual - Communist Clandestine Mechanisms
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CPYRGHT
CPYRGHT
11th Day Study: Exploitation of the International Communist Move-
ment by the Soviet Intelligence Services, Introduction
and pp. Z- HZ
Lecture: CP Clandestine Mechanisms for Subversive Action
12th Day Problem: Discussion and Critique of CP Internal Organiza-
tion and Ope rations
13th Day Study: 1961 Draft Program of the CPSU
Lecture: CPSU
Lecture: CFC
14th Day Study: FOUNDATIONS OF LENINISM, Chapter 7
Class manual - "Party Programs and Policies"
Lecture: Party Programs
1?th Day Lecture: Communist Political Tactics
Study: THE COMMUNIST CONSPIRACY, Exhibit #10; THE
ANTI-STALIN CAMPAIGN
loth Day Study: Class manual - "Communist Tactics in Labor"
Lecture: 'I actics in Labor
Study: Class manual - "Tactics of Violence"
Lecture: Communist Insurgency
17th Day Tactics Problem: Communist Activities
18th Day Case Study: A Communist Party and Soviet Foreign Policy
19th Day Lecture: Inter-Party Relations
ZQth Day Lecture: Anti-Communist Operations
Review
In baiting a mousetrap with cheese, always leave room
or THE mouse. Saki (H. H. Munro)
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REGISTRATION Applications for external training with Agency sponsor-
FOR ship should be sent on Form 136 through Training Offi-
EXTERNAL cers, and through Central Cover Staff when appropriate,
PROGRAMS to the External Training Branch/OTR. Further infor-
mation on the courses and programs listed here and on
others may be obtained from the External Training Branch
or from the Admissions and Information Branch/OTR.
AIB maintains a collection of catalogs, brochures, di-
rectories, and other publications of academic, commer-
cial, and government institutions. Class schedules of
local universities are available.
25X1A
Those wishing to take outside courses at their own ex-
pense are required to make arrangements in accord with
the provisions o1 paragraph 7e.
ADP The U. S. Civil Service Commission will conduct an Ad-
AND vanced Seminar on Automatic Data Processing and Per-
PERSONNEL sonnel Management from 16 to 19 December 1963. Per-
MANAGEMENT sons in grades GS-12 through 15 (or the equivalent) who
are serving in the personnel field or closely associated
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GEORGIA
TECH
SHORT
COURSES
with it are eligible. The Seminar will emphasize speci-
fic ADP applications in the personnel management area.
Nominees should have attended an ADP orientation or
have equivalent knowledge.
The Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta) schedule
of short courses and conferences during the academic
year 1963-64 includes:
Short Course in Mechanical Vibrations
28 October - 1 November 1963
General Supervisors Short Course
2-6 December 1963
17-21 February 1964
Material Handling Short Course
3-8 February 1964
Management for Engineers Short Course
14-18 October 1963
1?-14 February 1964
8-12 June 1964
Protective Relaying Conference
7-8 May 1964
Management Dynamics and Effective Decision Mak-
ing Short Course
9-13 December 1963
6-10 April 1964
GAS Distinguished chemists will discuss "Progress in Gas
CHROMATOGRAPHY Chromatography" at an Advanced Research Conference
sponsored by the University of California Los Angeles
on 3 and 4 February 1964. UCLA's sixth short course
in "Fundamental Principles of Gas Chromotography"
will be held 5- 7 February. Primarily for industry per-
sonnel, this course may also be valuable to persons in
academic or government laboratories; the approach will
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STUDY
OF
COMMUNISM
be nonmathematical and theory will be stressed only to
the extent necessary to understand the practical results
and obtain optimum results. Fee for the conference is
$25, for the three-day course, $100. Enrollment will
be limited.
An interdisciplinary advanced study of the communist
system of government has been established at Stanford
University under a 5-year Ford Foundation grant. The
research-oriented program will emphasize the commu-
nity characteristics of the communist system, with com-
parative studies of individual member communities with-
in the system. (J. F. Triska, Stanford Studies of the
Communist System, Stanford University, Stanford, Cali-
fornia.)
PITTSBURGH The University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Institute of
PROGRAM Technology plan to begin a cooperative graduate pro-
gram in the earth sciences in September. The institu-
tions will work together in administering the program,
determining new projects and policies, and choosing new
staff members; fellowships received by students may be
used at either institution, and credits earned will be ac-
cepted at either school.
PROFESSIONAL 15-16 Nov SYMPOSIUM ON CINERADIOLOGY, 4th,
MEETINGS Rochester, N.Y., Nov. 15-16, 1963.
(Dr. Stanley M. Rogoff, Division of Diag-
nostic Radiology, University of Rochester
Medical Center, Rochester 20, N.Y.)
19 Nov INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ME TAL-
LURGY SYMPOSIUM ON MATERIALS
FOR SODIUM COOLED REACTORS, New
York, Nov. 19, 1963. (American Insti-
tute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petro-
leum Engineers, 345 East 47th St., New
York 17, N.Y.
20 Nov SYMPOSIUM ON THE DEVELOPMENT
AND UTILIZATION OF COATED FUEL
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PARTICLES, New York, Nov. 20, 1963.
(American Nuclear Society, 244 East
Ogden Av., Hinsdale, Ill. )(Atomic En-
ergy Commission.)
27-29 Nov TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM ON TECHNI-
CAL PROGRESS IN COMMUNICATION
WIRES AND CABLES, 12th, Asbury Park,
N.J., Nov. 27-29, 1963. (Howard H.X.
Kingsley, Chairman, Symposium Com-
mittee, U. S. Army Signal Research and
Development Laboratory, Fort Monmouth,
N. J.)
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EXECUTIVE SEMINARS
King's Point, New York
EXECUTIVE SEMINARS
TheU.S. CivilService
Commission has noted
a need among career
executives of all agen-
cies for abetter under-
standing of the significant
and continuing responsibilities
and operations of government in
the United States--the overall sort of
things which have an application in every
agency and are valuable in the performance of
any executive function. This need is not being met,
in CSC's opinion, by any of the specialized courses now
being given by CSC or by individual agencies--too particular;
nor by any of the military staff colleges--too limited in en-
rollment; nor by the Brookings Institution- -too much empha-
sis on experiment and innovation.
CSC's answer is a new integrated curriculum for executive
development, a series of conceptually related short-courses
to be taken separately over a period of years. These courses
are designed to provide not merely a survey of agency func-
tions, but an overview of the domestic and foreign environ-
ment in which government operates;the influences whichbear
on it;the economic, social, and political effects of its actions;
technological development and its results; the role of career-
ists in government; the interrelationships between agencies
and within agencies.
The planis that this curriculum will be offered yearly at three
centers to be established and operated by CSC in the East,
Midwest, and Far West. The first of these centers will open
in October at King's Point, N. Y. Eight two-week Executive
Seminar courses will be given (total of 15 runnings) during
the academic year 1963-64. Costs of establishing and main-
taining the center will be shared on a pro rata basis by the
agencies using it. CIA has contracted to fill 10 training
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spaces during these 15 periods and has already received its
allocation of spaces in the various courses. (Spaces in the
first two seminars have been assigned to the DDS.) Selec-
tion of CIA students at the Seminars will be made by Senior
Training Officers. Those attending will be CIA-identified.
The Seminars are designed primarily for those career em-
ployees in grades GS-14 and GS- 15 who, in the opinion of
their employing agency, clearly show the ability and poten-
tial to serve in top career posts. A limited number of indi-
viduals in grades GS- 13 and GS- 16 may also attend.
The King's Point Executive Seminar Center has been set up
on the grounds of the Merchant Marine Academy. It will be
able to accommodate up to 36 students at each of the 15 Sem-
inars; housing and meals will be furnished in Academy quar-
ters. Furuseth Hall will be used for the Seminar sessions.
Parking on the Academy grounds is limited and the use of
private cars is not recommended. Public transportation
schedules are excellent: the Long Island R. R. will deliver
students to Great Neck, L. I., and the Academy bus meets
all trains.
The Center is under the direction of Mr. Frank Carracciolo
and Mr. Paul DeVore, both of the CSC Office of Career De-
velopment. Another member of the CSC professional staff
and two clerical employees will complete the Center's staff.
Seminar speakers and discussion leaders will be from gov-
ernment, business, and industry. A full schedule is planned
for each two-week Seminar, including some evening sessions.
A short-description of the seminars to be offered at King's
Point during 1963-64 follows:
(7-18 October, 6- 17 January, 9-20 March, 15-26 June; CIA
has one training space in first running)
Concentrated attention to the role of career administrators in
carrying out public policy- -relationships between the career-
ist's role during transitions between administrations; the obli-
gation to keep administrative actions responsive to national
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policy set by Congress or the President; interrelationships
between policy and administration and the role of careerists
in formulating policy objectives; obligations of political lead-
ership to those interest groups from which major political sup-
port is drawn; bringing professional objectivity to bear on
politically sensitive issues.
(21 October-1 November; CIA has one training space)
How economic conditions, social needs, and international pro-
blems give rise to responsive public programs: how needs for
government action are identified and how they result inlegisla-
tion, executive branch action, or judicial decisions; the role of
political parties and leaders in defining social, economic, and
international objectives and in deciding action to further these
aims; the role of public opinion and special groups and compe-
tition between opposing interests in shaping public policy and
influencing government action; how Congress and the executive
resolve conflict between opposing interests by compromise or
other democratically acceptable means.
(12-22 November; no CIA allocation)
Theory and substance of government involvement in economic
life: federal responsibility for full employment, pay, and work-
ing conditions; effects of government spending, tax structure,
and financial policy; regulation of business, finance, and indus-
try; tariffs, subsidies, and other economic stimuli; government
versus private operation; interrelationships between public and
private economic decisions and actions.
(2-13 December, 17-28 February, 4-15 May; CIA has two slots
in December running)
Management sciences: ADP and operations research as man-
agement tools; research findings in the behavioral sciences
(morale, motivation, communications, organization, super-
vision).
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The effects of "bigness" on management actions and attitudes--
loss of individuality, inability to see all ramifications of a
course of action, multiple levels of review, uncertain locus of
final responsibility, coordination difficulties, and so forth.
Managerial behavior: authoritarian versus permissive; essen-
tials of effective leadership; characteristics of executives.
(20-31 January; CIA has one training space)
Interrelations between foreign affairs and domestic activities:
domestic economic effects of foreign aid; budgetary competi-
tion between foreign aid and domestic spending; international
objectives versus domestic goals; gold reserve, foreign trade,
and the importance of domestic socio-economic health to na-
tional security policy.
(3-14 February, ZO April-1 May, 1-12 June; CIA has one space
in April running, two in the June seminar)
Government role in scientific undertakings and effects of tech-
nological change on national goals: relationship between tech-
nological superiority and national strength; short- and long-
run impact of federal and joint federal-private programs for
peaceful use of atomic energy and exploration of space; effects
of automation on employment and availability of goods; social
and economic disruptions caused by rapid scientific and tech-
nological change, such as the need for manpower retraining,
the inability of small business to finance research or convert
to automated production, obsolescence at all levels of the ed-
ucational system.
(6- 17 April; one space allocated to CIA)
Examination of the shifting patterns of Federal, state, and
local relationships in such fields as housing, public health,
agriculture, civil defense, education, unemployment insur-
ance, urban affairs, transportation, civil rights, Federal
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judicial review of state legislation, and constitutional inter-
pretations of the relative jurisdiction of Federal and state
authority.
(18-29 May; CIA has one space)
Examination of the need and the mechanics for improving
unity of effort among programs and activities of government:
role of the "central agencies"; program coordination across
agency lines; headquarters -field relations; interrelationships
among administrative staff specialties and between line and
staff responsibilities; agency competition for program res-
ponsibility; budgetary and financial management processes;
the roles of the Cabinet and the President's personal staff and
of such organizations as the National Security Council, the
Scientific Advisory Board, and the Council of Economic Ad-
visers.
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edge of the language of each post to which he is assigned.
This policy has a bearing on selection, training, proficiency
each officer in these departments to become proficient in two
foreign languages and to achieve at least a courtesy knowl-
mation Agency have jointly adopted the policy of encouraging
The Department of State and the United States Infor-
standards, career development, assignments, and promo-
tions.
In order to concentrate training resources on a sec-
are summarized below.
,pertinent details of a joint State-USIA circular of 8 July 1963
competence in a foreign language is not yet a concomitant of
..employment. It was found, however, that acceptable oral
pro-
:, ed in languages, State and USIA proposed last year that
..grams and have narrowed excessively the geographic and cul-
vantage to students from colleges with superior language pro-
To have persevered in this policy would have given undue ad-
a U. S. college education and that it was, therefore, prema-
ture to make such competence a prerequisite for appointment.
policy follow:
ment and career development plans. Some details of this new
guage(s) an officer should acquire will normally be his assign-
f guage goal. The determining factors in deciding which lan-
: ments and needs and secondarily to the long-range two-lan-
This training will be related primarily to immediate assign-
ed a system of appointment salary differentials designed to
encourage candidates to acquire a useful degree of language
skill prior to employment. In addition, incentives, both posi-
and USIA in a new policy effective 1 July 1963 have establish-
As an alternative and until it is practical to impose a
speaking and reading requirement for appointment, both State
Foreign Language Policy
State and USIA
25X1 C
25X1 C
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28 CIA INTERNAL USE ONLY
and language and to lower the number of officers being train-
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Since 1 J U l y the re have been no foreign language entrance
requirements for appointment to the Foreign Service. The
optional written examinations in French, German, Spanish,
and Russian have been discontinued. A foreign language test
is no longer part of the general written examination for ap-
pointment.
Those who qualify for appointment and demonstrate a
minimum professional proficiency* in one of the widely used
languages (in a test administered by FSI) can enter the Ser-
vice at two steps above their base salaries; those qualifying
in one of the more difficult languages, even at a lower level,
may have their base salaries adjusted upward from two to
four steps. Qualification in two languages can merit up to
five in-class steps above base salary.
TRAINING INCENTIVES. Because the supply of applicants
for training in certain languages falls critically short of need,
and because acquisition of skills in these languages frequent-
ly involves assignment to areas of the world lacking in career
and other attractions, junior officers are encouraged to be-
gin training in these languages (which will be identified pe-
riodically by the State Department or USIA) by an immediate
one-step increase in pay, and by a further two steps on at-
tainment of minimum professional proficiency. These steps
increases are carried over to the new class (grade) if promo-
tion follows within one year.
As a further incentive, officers entering the State De-
partment at FSO-8 or -7 can receive only one promotion un-
til they have achieved at least a tested minimum profession-
al proficiency in a world language or limited working profi-
ciency in a hard language.
At USIA, however,officers entering at FSR-8 or -7
without minimum professional proficiency in a world language
or limited working proficiency in a hard language are placed
on language probation and cannot be promoted until they have
removed this probationary status by achieving one of these
levels or successfully completing a 16- to 30-week course in
a language approved by the Agency.
Before r e a c h i n g s enior level every officer at both State
and USIA is espected to acquire minimum professional
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proficiency in a second foreign language. Selection panels
will give special consideration for promotion to officers who
have satisfied the two-language policy.
Officers are required to have some command of the
language of the country to which they are assigned, the level
of the skill required depending on the language. Lacking
this qualification, they must take at least 100 hours of in-
struction in the language before going to the post or as soon
as possible thereafter.
EXcepti0nSto these policies, because of operational or emer-
gency requirements, must be approved by Directors of Per-
sonnel at State or USIA. Tests are given to new officers with-
in two weeks of appointment, and at the end of each language
course. All officers are expected to be tested in at least one
language on return from each overseas assignment. All tests
are the standard tests given at FSI.
*Definitions of language proficiency levels:
Elementary Proficiency: Speaking ability to satisfy routine
travel needs and minimum courtesy requirements. Ability
to read elementary lesson material and common public signs.
Limited Working Proficiency: Speaking ability to satisfy rou-
tine social demands and limited office requirements. Ability
to read intermediate lesson material or simple colloquial
texts.
Minimum Professional Proficiency: Ability to speak the lan-
guage with sufficient structural accuracy and vocabulary to
satisfy representation requirements and handle professional
discussions within a special field. Ability to read non techni-
cal news items or technical writing in a special field.
Full Professional Proffcncy. Ability to use the language
fluently and accurately on all levels normally pertinent to pro-
fessional needs. Ability to read all styles and forms of the
language pertinent to professional needs.
Native or Bilingual Proficiency: Speaking and reading profi-
ciency equivalent to that of an educated native.
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III!IIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIIIIIIIIIiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIVII~lllllllllllllllllnlllllllllllllllllllllll~lllllllllllli
OFFICE OF TRAINING DIRECTORY
Director of Training
1D-0418
7211
Deputy Director of Training
1D-0418
7211
SCHOOLS
Intelligence School
1D-0011
5963
Briefing Officer
ID-0023
5941
School of International Communism
1D-1617
7371
Language and Area (Arl. Towers)
2206 A. T.
3065
Language
2206 A. T.
2381
Tutorial
2206 A. T.
2873
Voluntary Program 25X1A
2206 A. T.
2470
Area
2210 A. T.
3477
Ope rations
GD-5321
5191
STAFFS
Junior Officer Program
1D-0009
6093
Plans and Policy
1D-0410
6044
Educational Specialist
1D-0423
6044 I' i
Registrar
GC-03
5513
Deputy Registrar
GC-03
5513
Admissions and Information
GC-03
5517
External Training
GD-2603
5231
OTR BULLETIN
GC-03
5517
Support
1D-0420
7214
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25X1 C
OTR Calendar
The following is a list of OTR courses presently scheduled. As other courses are scheduled by the Office
of Training, they will be announced in OTR BULLETINS. For further information call Admissions and In-
formation Branch, extension 5203 or 5S17.
Courses marked with an asterisk are given away from headquarters; registration closes two weeks in ad-
vance. All other registrations close the Wednesday before the course begins.
COURSE TITLE
Administrative Procedures
Americans Abroad Orientation
Anticommunist Operations
(Party Penetration)
Budget & Finance Procedures
Cable Ref re she r
China Familiarization
CIA Introduction
CIA Review
CI Familiarization
DESCRIPTION
full time, 80 hours
hours vary
part time, 80 hours
full time, 80 hours
part time, 4 1/2 hours
full time, 40 hours
part time, 3 hours
part time. 2 hours
full time, 80 hours
full time, first week;
part time second and
third weeks 80 hrs
4 Nov - 27 Nov
25 Nov - 6 Dec
on request, call x5113
for EOD's, every Monday afternoon
8 Oct, 12 Nov, 10 Dec
4 Nov - 15 Nov
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Counterinsurgency
Program Planning
CP Organization & Operations
part time,
80 hours
CS Records Officer
part time,
20 hours
CS Review
full time, 64 hours
Dependents Briefing
part time, 6 hours
Effective Speaking
part time,
24 hours
Info Reports Familiarization
part time,
40 hours
Instructor Training
full time or part time
Intelligence Research (Map
and Photo Interpretation)
Intelligence Research
Techniques
full time & part time
80 hours
part time, 60 hours
full time, 80 hours
14 Oct - 8 Nov 18 Nov - 13 Dec
(typing pretests given every Wednesday
morning before course begins; short-
hand pretests given every Thursday
morning before course begins)
13 Jan - 31 Jan
2 - 13 Dec (new dates)
7Oct- 1Nov 9Mar-3Apr
21 Oct - 25 Oct Z Dec - 6 Dec
3 Feb - 12 Feb
5 - 6 Nov, 3 - 4Dec
6 Jan - 12 Feb 17 Feb - 25 Mar
21 Oct - 1 Nov
on request, call x6044
28 Oct - 10 Jan 64 20 Apr - 26 Jun
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Introduction to Communism full time, 80 hours
Introduction to Intelligence full time, 80 hours
IRR& R full time, 120 hours
18 Nov - 27 Nov
4 Nov - 15 Nov 2 Dec - 13 Dec (tent. )
2 3 Sep - I 1 Oct 18 Nov - 6 Dec
(fur ir.1'.)rtnation AIB, 5203, 5517; or LAS, 2873)
*Managrrnent full time, GS I I- 12
GS- 14 and above
Midcaree r
*Operations full time, 720 hours
*Operations Familiarization full time, 240 hours
Operations Support full time, 160 hours
full time, 40 hours
full time, 40 hours
USSR-Basic Country Survey full time, 80 hours
Writing Workshops part time, 27 hours
Basic
Intermediate (DDS only)
Intermediate
Advanced (OCR)
Advanced (For DDS GS- 15 and above)
Advanced (ORR)
Correspondence
(A pretest is required for intermediate and Advanc-
ed Writing Workshops unless the previous level has
been completed. Tests are given in Room GD-0426
on the last Monday of each month. TO's register
applicants for pretests by calling x6282. )
4Nov- 8Nov
21 Oct - 25 Oct
16 Sep - 24 Jan 64
16 Sep 25 Oct
28 Oct - 22 Nov
ZDec-6Dec
9Dec- 13 Dec
4 Nov - 15 Nov
4 Feb - 27 Feb
19 Nov - 12 Dec
19 Nov - 12 Dec
4 Feb - 27 Feb
22 Oct - 14 Nov
10 Mar-2Apr
Register any time; use Form 73
Approved For Release 2000/05/05: CIA-RDP78-0309OA000200040007-8
Approved For Release 2000/05/0?b$-RDP78-03090A000200040007-8
CIA INTERN USE ONLY
CONFIDENTIAL
ET
Approved For Release 206~/ vT W ~fA P78-0309OA000200040007-8