INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04864A000300030025-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 13, 2002
• Sequence Number: 25
• Publication Date: October 16, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

ApprG 416 QIl a 200211OB/ZWFVJ" $ $f 4A000300030025-8
COUNTRY USSR
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE- AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
SUBJECT INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES
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THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING TOR NATIONAL DRFRHit
OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF SSFIONA00 ACT 10
U. S. C., 31 AND it, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE NRYRLATIOR
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANT MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO.
HISITED By LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHINITEO.
SOURCE Monitored Broadcasts
BULLETIN N0._-c"?
REPORT NO
CD NO.
STATINTL
DATE OF 25 September 1952
INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
CPW Report No. 52--USSR
.(25 September 1952)
CONTENTS
REPUBLICAN PARTY CONGRESSES .................. 1
Geor'iianSSR .............. 1
Kazakh SSR ............ ... ....... . ... ..... .... 6
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
CLASSIFICATION
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RE:F''C 3L:CAN C;C1IVIUMIST P T's' CONGRESSES
o: ian HSSE
Stee ed ire Coy rte tiotx e In a long speech delivered before the Georgian 15th Party
Congress and broadcast from Tbilisi in three Installments (September 16, 17 and 18),
Communist Hose Mgeladze imputes most of the economic and ideological failings to the
former Party leadership wholh, he declares, had departed from the "Stalin traditions."
The list of failures recited by the speaker is indeed so far reaching in its implica-
tions as to make the political future of any Commluta.s t Party extremely doubtful.
Mgeladze's repeated sallies against the unorthodox behavior of the former leadership
of the Georgian Communist Party suggest the belief that those comrades have gone the
way of all, purgees following a Moscow scrutiny into their affairs. They are even
charged with such "unspeakable" crimes as trying to undermine the "monolithic unity "
and the "single will" of the Party in the pest years. The present widespread corruption
in the Republic's economic and ideological life as well as within the Communist Party is
conveniently referred to as the "heritage of the previous leadership"" the elimination
of which is admittedly painfully slow. The speaker is also frank enough to name the
consumer as the major victim of Party and Government corruption at all levels: "He
has been systematically cheated and shortchanged.."
The task of apprehending and, punishing the assorted criminals in and Out of the
Government and Party machinery is said to be made infinitely more di: f icult by .he fact
that these law breakers, when haled into court, are often faced by their own" Ilk on
the bench or within the Department of Justice. But the legal apparatus of the R=.public
is now undergoing a thorough cleansing,.accordir.g to the speaker, and the administration
of justice is reportedly improving. The merciless fight against the plunderers of
socialist property, bribe takers and embezzlers is going full tilt, and the law is
emerging triur4phant, "Just as the Party requires."
Significant though unspecific reference is made to the un-Bolshevik tendencies of local
authorities to establish ao-ceiled patronage (shefstvo) areas of their own. The word
patronage, however, is a mild!.reu,.tition of what Mgeladze has in mind, appearing as it does
in context of divisive activities on the part of certain unnamed officials: extreme
vigilance in this sphere must not be relaxed.. Georgia, he says, would have been
partitioned into "principalities" (knyazhestva) long ago had not such enemies of the
people as Zvaniya, Mengreiiye and Latoga been effectively resisted by the Communist Party.
We have no guarantee that new pretenders to chieftainship will
not appear. There is some gxound for this to Georgia. As is
known, the division and looting of Georgia has always been promoted
by the enemies of the Georgian people. Such attempts were made
also under Soviet rule. Those who are seeking to divide Georgia
and to exercise chieftainship over separate provinces or to set one
province against another will be crushed the Stalin way.
U nas net garantii, chto ne poyavyatsya kakienibud novie
pretendenty ns shefstvo. V Grazii yest dlya etogo koy- akaya
pochva. Kak izvestno, deleniu i r?az?rableniu Gruzil
izdrevnya vsegda sposobstvovali vragi gruzinskogo naroda.
Byli popytki k etomu i pri sovetskoy vlasti. Vse te, kto
pytayutsya razgrabit Gruzin, shefstvovat nod otdelnymi eyo
provintsiami ili protivopostavlyat ikh. drug drugu budut
pea-stalinski sorkusheny,
The Secretary's account of the Republic's economic and political achievements and
failures, as listed below, is on the whole a graphic summation of all the radio and
press strictures in those fields since the Fifth Party Congress. The overall output in
heavy industry, it is claimed, is steadily itcreasing and production by and large is
according to plan. The Central Committee, however, is not blind to the failings hidden
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behind the imposing figures of the plan-fulfilling industries. The oil industry, for
example, is said to have exceeded its quota for the first seven months of this year
by 2 percent, but is nevertheless "working in. a manner which is wholly unsatisfactory."
The prewar production level has not been reached, and the plan for prospective
drilling is still "very unsatisfactory." A significant number (znaehitelnoye chislo)
of wells have not been drilled to the requisite depth due to frequent breakdowns.
Building Materials: Large scale construction is said to be hampered by the shortage of
cement, brick, tile, stone, lime, gravel, sand and other local materials. There is no
visible effort on the part of the Ministry of the Building Materials Industry to else
the scarcity of tfn mentioned items many of which, particularly brick and tile, are
also of very poor quality. The brick and tile factories are going about improving the
quality of their products in a "very unsatisfactory manner."
Power: Production is still above plan but the output "falls seriously short of the
demands of our national economy." In respect to potential hydroelectric power Georgia
is said to hold "one of the first places in the world," but potential power cannot be
used in actual production. The present paramount task of the industry is to step up
the construction of hydroelectric plants for "we. still lack electric power."
Capital Construction, according to #lgeladze, pre vents "a rather unattractive picture."
Only 2 percent of the annual plan could be accounted for by 1 August, arse the
construction of all-union (federal) buildings is still slower. The same applies to
civilian housing and to every other type of building: "Not one of the Republican
Ministries or Departments is fulfilling its plan."
Foodstuffs Industry is said to show "average positive indices" which conceal a multitude
of sins. It is still largely unmechanized and refrigeration facilities are far too
inadequate. Numerous enterprises are still unable to cope with their chronic failin,_s.
In the meat and dairy industry, for example, the assortment of the basic types of
production "is grossly violated," the standard of quality is low, and "above-plan
losses" (nadplanovie poteri) and spoilage do not seem to disturb the man&gement. Low
quality is also said to characterize the output of the local and cooperative industries
which cater to consumers:
As a result of the violation of technological processes,
one .oca.l industry delivered only.9 percent goods of first quality.
The cooperative industry, on the other hand is t
d
re
CPYRGHT
po:r e
to be lagging behind in
quantity as well. as quality ? F
production. T elve million 800 thousand rubles' worth
of planned goods "were not deliveredP? to the State, and the products released by "most
of the artels" are, of such low quality that there is no demand for them.
The Georgian consumer, says Mgeladze, is also feeling the squeeze from another
direction--the retail trade organizations whose "non-fulfillment of the plan" is
coupled with the practice of "cheating the consumers and violating their interests."
Castigated in this connection are the "lame excuses" given by the Ministry Industries and the Georgian Industrial Council (Gruzpromsoviet) for their unfaircal
treatment of the consumer. The "insufficient funds and resoureen" they allude to in
self-defense are believed to be so much poppycock., since theia.? ov e
(pereraskhody) and other unaccountable squandering run into mi..llions~ofrubles. These
organizations, it is asserted
san
ru es
le
orth of goods in 1951, and 26 million 900 thousand
ublesa worth in the first quarter of this year.
Vndersupplied (nedodali) 45 mi
llion jo thou
d b
The issue mu s ace d squarely and the sglvst.=ierers called by their proper names if the
situation is to be improved, the Secretary says. The reason the retail trade machinery
is functioning so badly is because it is shot through with "dishonest people, speculating
elements and persons with criminal records" enegag ..ng in e..;bezzlement, speculation, bribery
and fleecing the consumer. The difficulties ityvo:.ved in combating these evils may be
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gathered from the cryptic reference to the public prosecution and court authorities
and the dubious value of their assistance in the matter: "All such shortcomings
would have been considerably fewer if the prosecuting organs and the courts had ..
fought decisively" against them.
Theft, speculation and fraud are frequently referred to also in the discussion of
summer resorts, social insurance and other public welfare activities. Georgia, says
Mgeladze, is one of the most popular resort places in the Soviet Union, as witness
the growing number of holiday-makers arriving annually to enjoy the Republic's
sanatoria and rest homes, But
CPYRGHT most of our resorts are not assured a water supply, sewers,
electric energy, bath-laundry enterprises, welfare parks...
and living quarters'for the working personnel.
In social s ance, a number of officials exposed for "illegal activities and squander-
ing of State funds" have already been relieved of their duties but the evil has not yet
been entirely eliminated. Urban construction in the country is said to be so backward
and some of the methods employed so primitive that if the capital is to be used as a
criterion, the builders are "at least 10 to 15 years" behind the times. (There
is no further amplification of this point).
In a remark obviously calculated to allay the anxiety of his listeners, and possibly
also of Moscow, over the somber economic picture presented so far, Mgeladze hastens
to repeat that the present Party leadership is not to be identified with this sorry
state of affairs, or at least not "entirely" identified with it.
It has now become clear to everyone that the praise...of the
previous Secretary of the Central Committee of the Georgian
Communist Party, Charkviani, and the outstanding advertising
reports in the press and on the radio about the unprecedented
successes in the welfare of Tbilisi were in reality a bluff
and were deception of our society.
Turning to science=. literature art and education in general, the Secretary infers that
many of the A,ll -Union 1 arty directves governing these endeavors have remained largely
on paper. The Rep_.iblic's Institute of Philosophy, for instance, whose duty it is to
do research into the basic tenets of Communist dogma, "is neglecting questions of
dialectical and historical mate::-alism." Georgian philosophers are said to be limiting
their activities to safe areas and narrow channels: "They should print their works in
the Russian language in Moscow and Leningrad." The end product' of '.heir present, efforts,
it appears, is that the contemporary bourgeois theory ''ic not being criticized" enough,
and too little stress is put on the "superiority" (preimushchestvo) of the socialist
system over the capitalist system.
Literature is treated as another chink in Georgia's ideological armor. Very few worth
while books have been written by local talent, and still fewer publications "of a
genuine ideological stamp" have been produced in the past years. Here again the
former Central Committee of the Communist Party is blamed. for the present backwardness
of literature. Literary critics are excoriated for the unsatisfactory Job of exposing
ideological distortions and decadence (razlozhe.cie) among some Georgian writers. Nor
are they zealous enough in their attacks on bourgeois nationalism. The Writers Union,
says Mgeladze, had better cleanse itself of "all remnants of the old days" because it is
evident that some of the writers "have abandoned Soviet reality" (ostavili sovetskuyu
deistvitelnost) and plunged themselves into the long distant historical past. The
idealization of the past, the Union is reminded, is "an expression of bourgeois
nationalism" and therefore an unhealthy field for literary ventures.
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Reference to Party activities below the Central Committee level is surprisingly restrained
and lacks specificity. A number of rayon, town and oblast Party Committees (all listed)
are said to be doing unsatisfactory work but no details are offered. The new crop of young
Communist workers need "additional ideological hardening."
Trade Union organizations are discussed briefly in context of corruption in general and
the inference is that there is nothing good to be said about them. "Weak and incapable
people" (slabokharakternie i nesposobnie ludi) who had failed in their previous occupations
were appointed to trade union leadership. Indeed the entire organization has come to be
.looked upon by unscrupulous careerists as a sort of vested interest having little to do
with the welfare of the working people:
_ .
of years, were becoming accustomed to shortcomings, and
were not keeping up with current affairs.
Law enforcemen , a e machinery, is s claiming
a great deal of official attention. This theme is referred to in Mgeladze's speech
on two occasions in highly disparaging terms. Although the Republic's courts and public
prosecution organs have recently shown some improvement in their work, the inference of a
continuing purge of those institutions as mentioned also earlier in this report, is clearly
evident from the following remarks:
Violators of Soviet laws and their supporters have been expelled
from court and prosecution organs... The courts and, prosecution
organs are beginning to work better but there are still many
shortcomings in their work... The courts and prosecution organs
mist be reinforced with politically tested...workers.
The Minister of Justice, the Republican Prosecutor and the Chairman of the Supreme Court
will have a large amount of work to do, it is claimed, before the mentioned failings in
their respective departments are "radically" eliminated and "ta true Soviet order"
(nastoyashchiy sovetskiy poryadok) insured.
CPYRGHT
The oblique reference to the divisive tendencies under the previous administration made
earlier in the speech, the discussion of the difficulties of law enforcement as a
"heritage of the past" are brought up again in the context of the downfall* of the former
Central Committee of the Party. The end of the old Party leadership, Mgeladze asserts,
began with its "departure from the Stalin traditions" (otkhod of Stalinskikh traditsiy),
and that serious deviation had "predetermined ... the serious political collapse"
(predreshilo ... seryozniy politicheskiy proval). That the aftermath of that collapse is
still being felt in Georgian SSR may be inferred from the speaker's revelation that
At present the Central Committee of the Georgian Communist
Party is waging a resolute struggle for the restoration of
the fighting Stalin traditions, for the integration of the
Stalin method of work...
V nastoyashcheye vremya Tsentralniy Komitet Kommu-
isticheskoy Partii Gruzii vedet reshitelnuyu borbu za
osstanovlenie boyevikh stalinskikh traditsiy, za vned-
enie stalinskogo stilya raboty...
(Significant in this connection also is the mention of Lavrentiy Beria who is said to have
"implanted" (privival) the above-mentioned traditions in the Communists of Georgia. This
reference may have been made to reemphasize the implied disastrous consequences to the old
Party leadership which, as Mgeladze remarks, "had doomed those traditions to oblivion"
(predali ikh zabveniu).)
* The Russian word used is grekhopadenie, literally the downfall through sin, which is also
employed, in a biblical sense, to denote the "fall of man."
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Official vigilance against actual and potential anti-Bolshevik elements within the
Party, it is stated, is now more intense than ever, and the slightest manifestationCPYRG HT
of anti-Communism will be ripped in the bud:
We shall allow,.no one either from the old or from the present
leadership to make any attempt at chieftainship which in the past
few years prevented the Party from having a single will. Then
there existed the wills of different chiefs who had gathered
around themselves groups of loyal followers. Such anti-Bolshevik
mores we must 'bra ruit with --A V Q ft t1..
Nikomu, ni i .z starogo ni iz novago rukovodstva, my ne dadim
vozmozhnosti ostavlyat kakie-nibud lazeiki dlya shefstva,
kptoroye privelo k tomu, chto za poslednie Body ne bylo edinoy
voli partlynoy organizatsii, a byla volya otdeluykh shefov
skolachivavshikh vokrug sebya gruppy svoi.kh ludey lichno
im predannykh. My dolzhny vysech kalenym zhelezom eti
anti-bolshevltakie nravy.
Career Communists and "continually repentant people" who should not be 7.eft in "leading
posts" are admittedly still holding executive positions, and the record of their
activities.is somewhat less than lily white. Many of them, in fact, are still trying
to enter into private agreements "behind the wells of the Central Committee"
stenarni tsentralnogo komiteta) on promotions and appointments with a view to carving
bigger niches for themselves within the Party. "`?' Ys
Kharlamov's account of the Georgian Party Congress published in PRAVDA on 20 September
but not broadcast is signify.csnt in that it mentions some points omitted in Mgeladze's
report. Whereas the latter speaks in the past tense, in his condemnation of the former
Party leadership, Kharlamov uses the present, tense in his reference to the Central
Committee. Officials whose activities are criticized have a right to, and in fact
should, speak up in their own defense. The reluctance of some Central Committee members
to take advantage of that opportunity at the 'Congress,, it is claimed, is significant:
One cannot help noticing that despite the serious criticism
leveled at them, the heads of the Central committee's Departments
of Agitation and Pr Fisaganda and Art and Literature ... made no
reports to the Congress.
CPYRGHT
Obrashchayet na sebya vnimanie tot fakt, chto nesmotrya na
seryoznuyu kritiku v ikh adres, rukovoditeli otedlov
propagandy i agitatsii, khudozhestvennoy literatury i
iskusstva Ts K. VKP(b) Gruzii...ne vystupili na s'ezde.
The delegates to the Congress, lharlamov crntinues, were also "surprised" to learn that
in his report on current literary affairs, the head. of the Writers Union Leonidze did
not even attempt to discuss the recurrent ideological perversions in Georgian literature
or analyze the reasons for them. He even failed to give a satisfactory answer to the
gust criticism of the Union by the Congress. Kharlamov also quotes one of the Congress
delegates as declaring that the Ugo-Ossetian Oblast Branch of the Writers Union has
been doing its best to "kindle nationalist hatred" (razzhech natsionalnuyu nenavist)
and foul up the literature with all sorts Qf "ideologically vicious works"
(ideologicheski porochnie proizvedenia), The nature of the mentioned publications,
however, is not explained.
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Kazakh SSB
Slow Economic Progress and Remnants of Feudalism: Reviewing Kazakhstan's progress in
a speech to the Sixth Republican Party Congress, Party Secretary Shayakhmetov focuses
attention on the two chronic deficiencies of the Republic's life--lagging agriculture
and a persistent feudal attitude among officials. Industrial production has been
below expectations, and the "particularly noticeable" (osobenno zametny) shortcomings
of the meat and. dairy and fishing industries have made the consumer the ultimate
sufferer. The consumer's lot is made worse, "extremely alarming" (kraine trevozhnoye)
in fact, by the failure of agriculture to produce enough potatoes and vegetables.
These, it is stated, will now have to be imported "from outside the Republic."
Agriculture is still the weakest point of Kazakh economy, and tractor work the
greatest deficiency of agriculture; "In no other branch of the national ec:Qnomy is
there such mass technical idleness as in machine-tractor stations."
Oil Indust: The 1952 prospecting and operational plan is now further from realiza-
tion than before--23.5 percent below the 1951 per formance figure for the same period.
The development of the Emba oil-bearing region in Guryev Oblast, although encouraged
by the preceding Party Congress, has not even reached the initial stage, and is still
referred to as "a problem43 (zadacha). The coast:"action of housing for the oil workers
is even slower than oil production itself, the plan for the first 8 months of 1952
having been fulfilled by only 72.7 percent.
Power Production: The report familiarly refrains from citing specific figures, but
.points out that the energy supply situation in the large industrial rayons and
oblast centers "continues to remain acute."
Metallurgical ndustr ; There has been some improvement in the organization of labor
and the utilization of available equipment but there is still much more room for
improvement, according to Shayakhmetov. The copper industry is working behind schedule,
and "in the Republic as a whole" (po respubllke v tselom) the lead production plan has
not been fulfilled. The copper-lead production problem is said to be crying for
solution in Karaganda, East Kazakhstan, South Karaganda and Taldy-Kurgan Oblasts. One
of the suggested methods for improving the situation is, significantly, "a radical
improvement" (rezkoye uluchshenie) in the living conditions of the workers which in
turn will "liquidate the turnover of cadres."
Brief reference is made also to unspecified shortcomings in the chemical and machine-
building industries and transportation but the theme is not pursued beyond a few vague
allusions to high. production costs and low output. Consumer production is taken up
again, however, with the announcement that many enterprises of the cooperative industry
alone fell short of their production quotas in the first eight months of 1952 by a
total of 182 million rubles' worth of goods. The production of meat, dairy and fish
products, it is reiterated, is "lagging the most." But the cause of the consumer has
not been abandoned, according to the Secretary. The Minister of the Meat and Dairy
Industry Yedigenov has been removed from his post for his failure to liquidate
embezzlement of State property and for staffing the Ministry and its enterprises with
"persons not inspiring political and labor confidence." The Minister of the Building
Materials Industry Morozov has been "strictly warned" against a repetition of his
unspecified misdeeds.
Communal economy, retail trade, finances and health service are said to have registered
a "moderate improvement" but the situation on the whole remains quite unsatisfactory.
Retail trade outlets are not always staffed with "tested cadres" and losses from
"business mismanagement" are still substantial.
Agriculture--Kolkhoz Merger Still Disappointing: Shayakhmetov's lengthy discussion of
the Kazakh agricultural situation provides some evidence that official concern over
this aspect of the Republic's economy transcends even ideological considerations. The
merging of the collective farms into fewer and larger units--7151 in 1940 into 31+5 in
1952--has so far not produced the desired results: "It must be admitted that the
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kolkho:es are not solving the problems set forth by the Central Committee of the
Ali,-Union Communist Party." What those problems were, and still are, is presented
in a long list of dismal failures ranging from diminishing livestock herds to low
pay for farmers and pilferage. Two thousand two hundred and sixty-two of the
Republic's 3145 collective farms are reported to have incurred an indebtedness of
160.3 million rubles in 1951 alone, as a result of unaccountable expenditures and
squandering of "indivisible funds" (nedelimie fondy).
The livestock industry, Shayakhmetov declares, "has been and remains extremely poor"
despite all the Government's efforts to improve it. Deliveries of such livestock
products as meat, milk, wool and others have been lagging behind plan "from year to
year" (a goda v god). Of some interest are the first and the last of 10 reasons
given by the Secretary as preventing the cure of the ailing industry. The "serious
decline" (seryoznoye snizhenie) in the number of livestock is ascribed primarily to
the improper breeding of the young animals, but that is not the only reason. Here
Shayakhmetov refers to the "excessively large expenditures of cattle in kolkhozes
for so-called internal economic needs" which, stripped' of the familiar Soviet
euphemism, means that the collective farmers eat too much meat. This "overeating"
is said to have cost the State an additional 727,000 head of "all kinds of cattle"
in 1952 alone. (It is worth recalling, in this connection, that excessive meat
eonsu,uption by the collective farmers, always rc f:;rre:i to as "so-called internal
economic needs" has been the target of frequent criticism in the past in t!e Uk;rain~~.
Tadjikistan and other cattle-breeding areas).
It is characteristic that the kolkhoze,, of the Alma Ata
Oblast,, for example, in July of this year delivered to the
State one-ninth as many sheep as were used for internal
economic needs. The kolkhozes of the Guryev Oblast
delivered one-eighteenth, and the kolkhozee of Kustanai Oblast
delivered to the State one-twenty fourth as many sheep as were
used for internal economic needs.
The last a Taos Important reasons for the near-chaotic livestock
situation is the human element involved. The Ministries of Agriculture and Sovkhozes
as well as the appropriate Party organizations have shown a singular lack of
consideration for the well-being of the stock-farm workers who, he asserts, "are not
supplied with material auc' welfare services." Listed among the other serious short-
comings of the livestock industry are insufficient fodder preparations, lack of
winter sheds and no progress in the development of pedigreed cattle and sheep.
Party Activities: Shayakhrnetov's discussion of Party affairs is brief, and many of
the shortcomings reviewed are familiar. 'e admits, however, that most of the mentioned
failings are traceable to the Bureau or the Central Committee of the Party. Criticized
also is the tendency of certain "leading workers" to entrench themselves in high
Party positions and keep deserving young Communists out of executive posts. These
bureaucrats, he says,, have been keeping the same posts so long that they have lost
perspective of Party work and are taking shortcomings for granted. Even the Central
Committee itself is not entirely blameless in this respect. Personnel promotions in
the higher echelons of the Party are either too slow or "incorrect and indiscriminate."
This happened in the case of,Justice Minister Nurbayev and Communications Minister
Yerebayev who were expelled from the Party by the Central Committee of the All-Union
Communist Party for moral turpitude (bytovoye razlozhenie and undignified behavior
nedostoycroye povedenie). The reference to the above Cabinet members is significant
as an indirect method of self-criticism as it were. Having approved the appointment
of the Ministers in the first place, the Georgian Party supposedly tolerated them even
after their amorality and undignified behavior became known, and it therefore required
the interference of the All-Union Central Committee to get rid of them. There are over
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29 thousand candidates for Party membership in Kazakhstan, according to Shayakhmetov,
but this manpower reserve is not used to augment the Party ranks. Most of them are
left to their resources, and admission to membership is extremely slow: "Candidate
ranks remain as such for several years and become formal." Nor is the situation much
better at the Komsomol organizations: they have not been too successful in educating
the youth. Some of the Komsomol leaders, it is claimed, "have lost their sense
of responsibility ... and are committing actions unworthy of Komsomol workers."
The latter statement, however,, is not amplified.
Prime Minister Taybekov and his five deputies are accused of being "extremely
poor" in the matter of checking the implementation of their own decisions. They are
said to be too tolerant'of the errors and misjudgements of their subordi,?zate
Ministers despite the "subsequent bad effects" of their inept administration.
Similar barbs are directed against the Kazakh trade union organizations fk.)r their
inability or unwillingness to organize and maintain effective socialist competition
in industry and agriculture: they appear to be "content with the showy sULe of
competition."
There have been "certain improvements" in the field of ideology, says the r'ec%-etary,
but it would be premature to affirm that the "survival of feudal 'Beyism"' ( o ezh.i_tk,
feodalnogo baistva) has been eliminated. This is particularly evident from ti?i
peculiar popular attitude toward Kazakh women. Even the Party organizations:, it is
hinted, do not appear overly anxious to improve the lot of the women in Industry',
agriculture and education. Responsibility for this, Shayakhmetov declares, must be
shared by the Central Committee itself:
The Kazakh Central Committee's department for work among
women ... is failing to show initiative in connection
with the task of improving work among women and that
of intensifying the struggle against 'Bey' feudalism.
Polygamy and the marriage of minors have often been criticized in the past as prevalent
among Kazakh youth and even among Komsomols. Shayakhmetov does not refer to such
practices by name but obviously has them in mind when he calls for severe prosecution
of those "who violate the Soviet laws concerning the family and matrimony." Such
manifestations of a feudal attitude toward women are "particularly numerous" in
Dzhambul, South Kazakhstan and Kzyl.-Orda Obl acts .
Marxist-Leninist ideological training, political lectures and agitation still contain
"serious,drawbacks," the general level of the work being too low. Mistakes of a
"bourgeois-nationalist" nature are said to be still occurring in the social sciences,
arts and literature. Some of the Republic's scholars, writers and historians have
strayed" from the Marxist-Leninist fold and socialist realism as a result of their
"noncritical attitude" toward the recent past:
They idealize(' some reactionary khans and. their servile
poets. They represented incorrectly and distorted the
great progressive significance of the union of
Kazakhstan with Russia to the detriment of the interests
of the sacred friendship of the Russian and Kazakh people.
Approved For Release 2002/06/28 : CIA-RDP78-04864A000300030025-8