THE TOWN OF STAVROPOL AND THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000100330001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 15, 2009
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 2, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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Approved For Release 2009/07/15: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100330001-2 _c.LLd1
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY. REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT CD NO.
COUNTRY
SUBJECT T h
`"oar : f Sta.~?rop,: :rLd tyre
,r
y.
Stave; e.;p~:~,~ 'er._ritory
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED 5ATES, ?ITHIN T E MEANING OF TI TLE ID, SECTIONS 793
05D 794, OF THE U.S. CODE. AS AME NOED. ITS TR A N S M ISSIOH 0
E
LATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO 0R RECEIPT MV AN UN AUTHOR IDED PERSO N IS
P RONI KITED - LAM. THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PAOHI EI TE O.
DATE DISTR. 2 May 1952
NO. OF PAGES 5
NO. OF ENCLS. I
(LISTED BELOW) (A) 2 pages
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1, Stavropol is the Chief Administration centre of the Stavropolskiy 3ray
(Stavropol. Territory), the former territory of the Terek Cossacks,
2, For more than one hr indred years, in the eighteenth. and nineteenth centuries,
the Terek and Kuban. Cossacks formed the frontier guard defending the territory
of the Russian Empire against the aggressive Caucasian tribes, or in other words
they were the advance guard of the Russian forces conquering the Caucasus,
During that time Stavropol was one of the places of first impor tFance, being
the main transit camp for the Russian forces and the capital of the Ter. ek
Cossacks, After the conquest of the Caucasus the town lost its importance
and became an ordinary Administrative centre of a Province,
3, Even the main Caucasian. railway from Rostov-on Don to Baku by-passed Stavropol
which was approximately 40 km. nor -h of this line,
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4...Afer the Revolution of 1917 Stravopol did not regain its importance but, as the former
capital of the very excl=stve and largely anti-Soviet Terek Cossacks, was always very
carefully watched by the Sc?riet Government. During the mass change of place names
Stavropol became Vcrcghilovsk. When Soviet troops liberated the town from the Germans
an official coma tique was issue.. "after heavy fighting our victorious troops liberated
the town of Stavropol". From that day of 1943, without any decree of the Supreme Soviet,
Stavropol regained. its old name.
5. The Stavropol territory covers a vast area extending in the west to the Rostov and Krasnodar
Provinces and in the north and the east to the Astrakhan Province. In a comparatively
short sector north of the river Terek the eastern border of the territory runs along the
Caspian Sea coast. In the south the Stavropol territory approaches the Caucasus mountains.
6. From the geographical viewpoint the Stavropol territory is divided into two areas: the
north-eastern fiat and steppe country and the south-western undulated or mountainous.
7. The Stavropol Territory belongs chiefly to the systems of the rivers Kuban and Terek.
Unfortunately both these rivers flow rather along the borders of the territory and except
in the southern area, the bulk of the Stavropol Territory suffers from lack of water and
needs artificial irrigation.
8. Most of the small r vers anad streams dry up during the summer causing considerable losses
every year among the livestock bred in the extensive pastures.
9. The problem of irrigation has already been partly solved by the construction of the
Manyhskiy Canal connecting the river Don through lake Bolshoy Manych with the northern
part of the Stavropol territory.
10. Another important canal was constructed in the South during the period 1946-50, the
Nyevinno-mysskiy Canal, connecting the river Kuban with lake Sengileyevskoye situated
approximately 15 km west of Stavropol. In charge of the construction of this canal was
Engineer Bochkin, who is a very average technician but energetic and a good organiser.
At present Bochkin is entrusted with the construction of the south Ukrainian canal.
11. the Nyevinnom- 25X1
mysskiy Canal is approximately 250(?) km long and the reason for such a
length is tha ere is extremely difficult country (rocks and mountains) between the
river Kuban and lake Sengileyevskoye. The lake itself is situated in a deep valley
surrounded by mountains reaching approximately 400 metres above the lake level.
12. The-main purpose in constructing the Nyeviniomysskiy Canal was to irrigate the Stavropol
area and to save the lives of thousands of head of livestock. Stavropol itself, was
finally supplied with an adequate quantity of water. Moreover a powerful Hydro.
Electric plant was built somewhere between Stavropol and Nyevinnomyssk which supplies
the Stavropol area with electricity. The Stavropol Hydro-Electric Plant commenced
work on 1 May 50.
13 The climate of the Stavropol territory is similar to that of the other provinces of the
Northern Caucasus. There are dry and hot summers, short and rainy springs, rainy_autunus
and severe and snowy winters. The real plague of the Stavropol territory as well as of
the other parts of the Kuban and Don basins and the Caspian coast is the notorious
north-east wir4 blowing from Siberia and Kazakhstan. Approximately every three weeks
all the year round the severe north-east wind blows uninterruptedly for five to seven
days at a stretch. These winds affect also the Black Sea Coast, in particular the
Taman Peninsula. and the town of Novorossiysk. In summer the north-east winds cause
heavy sand storms and Militiamen, railwaymen and members of other services in the
Novorossiysk area always wear protective glasses while on duty. In winter the wind
affects the vegetation and causes numerous cases of nervous break-down amongst the
population.
14. The vegetation of the. territory except in the south is for the most part typical of the
steppe country; there are large areas of pasture land and very few woods.
15. The stavropol Province has very little industry and is a purely agricultural country.
16. The industry in the Pr ovi.nce is almost entirely connected with agriculture. In
Stavropol itself only one large enterprise, the Hayek ganicheskiy vavod, which 25X1
manufactures various types of machinery, chiefly agricultural equipment.
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44. In general Stavropol with i t3 brick and whi
clean and pleasant town,
sandstone houses gives the impression of
45. The Gov;;rnment and P# .t :- offi 'yes are concentrated in the western sector of the Voroshilov
P 7-,spiye it an:.! .-n the adjacent i reets a
46. The Te ?r? y or _.> `? o and the P ty Executive Committee are 10C >.ted on the Voroshiiov
Prospyekt n the first n. a three-story brick building., the latter in a two-story white
stone., hou eo Next to the Pa?.t Executive Committee is a large brick house of the
Tarr,, torie.l MGB HQ. The Town Coun^Al and Town Party Committee are in the vicinity of
the Col Gen Apanasyenko Memorialo (Gen Apanasyenko a Terek Cossack and Former GOC
Central Asiatic Military District yea- killed in action in 1943. The memorial ;stands on top
of a hill).
4`70 the HQ 4 Independent Kuban C;_ ssack Div is located in a two-story stone building at No 13
?'.ageno-r i.-,h Street parallel to Lenin St:reeto The 9 and 42 Cavalry Regta are located in.
Lenin Street,
48. The State Bank is also located on Lenin Street and, somewhere at the eastern, end of
Lenin Ste is the Frunze Mechanical Factory. During World War II the Frunze Factory prow
ducea bombs for the Air Force. This is probably the only large industrial. enterprise in
Stavropol o
49. North of the Frunze Factory near the railway station a large POL Dump is ]-ocated. There
are a number of large and smaller tanks, some of the.mi. underground. The POL Dump was the
first objective bombed by the German in 1942 0
50. Stavropol. is also an Educational. Centre of the Territory, There are the Medical Institute
(normally five,years train.ing the Pedagogical Institute and the School in the large
building of the former Dukhovna,ya Syeminar?iao
510 The main west-east transit road runs along Lenin Street (the width of the street is suf-
ficient for three army type iorri s abreast) to the State Bank, then to the north along
the Voroshilov Prospyek:t to the railway station. Also for west-east 'traffic one could
use Kaganovich Street (cobbled) and Lenin Street to the eastern end,, then to the north
to the station by the ea.rtfl track, There are no good roads running north-sout, because
of the deep s.anyon north of the town centP ro
52. The Starropc; Airfield is aitua3:.ed approximately four- to fi?tre km west, -:f the end of
Lenin Street along: the 4 _. the
southern side of the r,,a,.-. o North of the --cad extends a large field,, used. du o: ing World
War II as an emergency landing E -onrria
53. This field makes an ideal landi.';:1 , ground in summer and "ilso in winter, provided the
Is not too deep. tu-,~ t- three divisions could easily ?nd t hE;-;: ~ a 25X1
54. The Arnavir road betweon the town an] the Airy: iel.d is cobbled and good for motor transport
all the year y"?ouM d. o ther? t- o the vie v, t er e is an orlinary earth oteppe. 5 ,de ak tad o
ENCLOSURE (A) o Sketch of the 3t-a!~ p,,yl center r :)f to,?m ~iith Legends
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Gen Apanasyenko Memorial
Territorial Party Corrunittee
Territoria.e Party Eli=r,..~i re Committee
Territorial ProseoutPor ? s Office
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Territorial MGB BQ
Torn Council and To?,jn Party Committee
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Sta ropol koye Sup; oro 3koye Uchiiishche (Stavropol Cadets ? College)
Stavropcl M`.dical. Tr ti Lute
Pedagogi-al Institute and institute for Foreign Languages
New constructions a College; House of Scientists; one building belonging
to the MVD
HQ 4 Indep Cavalry Division
9 Ca.-';airy Regt Barracks
42 Ca f -.. r-jr Regt Ba M'ack i
The Frunze Mechanical Factory (Approximate situation)
POL Dump (Nye c tbaza) (Approximate situation)
State Bank
Town Bathe
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