BULGARIAN RAILROADS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A002600010001-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 38
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 1, 2009
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 16, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
This Document contains information affecting the Na-
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.B. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
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SECURITY INFORMATION
COUNTRY Bulgaria
SUBJECT Bulgarian Rai roads
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE,
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
General Tnfoation
1. The Bulgarian railroad net ork consists exclusively of single-track lines, standard
and narrow gauge.
2. None of the railroad lines are electrified, although it is planned that the whole.
network is to be electrified, in the future. Th' rea]i' ation of "this plan depends
upon the construction of power plants, some of which are now under construction.
Poles to support the cables for the Sofia-Mezdra line have been erected, but
no other work: has been done to accomplish this electrification.
3.. The tunnels Iodated along the railroad lines are of two types s
a. Type "A", tunnels built prior to 1920; these permit only the passage of
trains . ordinary traction, ?itt steam locomotives$ and
be Type "B", tunnels built after 1920 and slightly larger than the preceding,
built to permit the installation of electric cable and the passage of
ordinary steam, locomotives as well as electric locomotives.
ILa
The cha ?acteristies of type "A" tunnels are as follows$
a. Width at the bases 4.36 metera-
b. Width at the i.Lpc3t of the arch: 5 meters;
c. Lateral radius of the arch: 3.3 meters;
d. Upper radius of the arch: 2.25 meters;
e. Height of the b a t: 0,45 m tewaj
f. Height to the impost of the arch: 2.925 rnetprs s
STATE X
ARMY
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NAVY AIR
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REPORT 25X1
DATE DISTR. 16 October 1953
NO. OF PAGES 38
25X1
REQUIREMENT NO. RD
AEC MR ESP
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g. Height from the 1x post of the arch up to the summits 2.90 meters; and
h. Total height of the tunnel: 5.825 meters.
The characteristics of type "BP9 tunnel are as follows s
a. Width at the base: 4.66 meters;
b. Width at the impost of the archs 5.40 meters;
c. Lateral radius of the arch: 3.50 meters;
d. Upper radius of the arch: 2.65 meters;
e. Height of the ballasts 0.45 meters;
f.
gs
h.
Height up to the impost of the archs 3.10 meters;
Height from the impost of the arch to the tops 2.90 meters; and
Total height of the tunnels 6.00 meters.
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o3o
INNIN
OL'OF" I ~
T`
11~%
V
'zi
1.
0,#0M.
"'h' -Oi4ft
6,00 T",
3r IOrn,
Scale 1:50
6. The niches excavated i the It? rwne1Mgq both type 990 and type "B" have the follow-
ing characteriotics
Width at the base and at the impost
of the arch: 2.00 meters.
Radius of the arch: 1.00 meters.
Depth of the niche at the bases 1.35
meters.
Depth at the top of the arch: 1.00
meters.
Scale 1-.50
The niches are placed either on one side or alternately on the ' two sustaining
walls. Ordinarl.:Ly the distance between successive niches is 50 meters.
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-1-Ull
2?.90m.
A
A
A
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7. A longitudinal drainage channel is built either along the axis of the tunnel
or near one of the sustaining walls for the purpose of gathering and carrying
off water a.nfiltrst:tng th.e tunnel from t ae interior. Small lateral channels
flow into this duct. The slope of the drainage ducts conforms with the slope of
the tunnel; uniform di ensio bs are :x.,140 by 0.10 meters. In the longer tunnels,
and only when the amo-unt of infiltrating water demands it, the drainage canal in-
creases gradually up to a b?imarsof 1 meter by 1 meter. The channels are covered
with concrete slabs 10 c;entimters thick.
Railroad Lines zn Oper,tion
8. All railroad lines discussed in this section appear on the sketch in Appendix
A, pages 28 and 29.
9. The Sofia - Gyueshs uo (N 42-14, E 2229 railroad line via Ra omir.:., (N 142-33,
E 22-58) and Kyustendil (N 42-17, E 22-142)x' - April 1951
a. This line is 134 kilometers long and is standard gauge. Rails are of German
make, 12 meters long. The construction of the Sofia-Radomir section dates
back to about 1890, and the Rad?mfr-Gyuashavo section was built between 1906
and 1910. This was put into operation M the end of 1910 and the early part
of 1911. This lane has never undergone great repair work.
b. Brill es: All the bridges described below were built at the same time the
e was laid down. The numbers correspond to those of the sketch in Appendix.
B, pages 30 and 31-
(1) Bridge over the Struma River, called Tstrkva, from the area..in, which
it is located (Tsurkva, N 42-36, E 23-07). Located at the 28 kilometer
mark from the mai~*~ station of Sofia.
Type of bridges Metal, girder, single-span.
Al utmentss Masonry.
Lengths About 40 meters.
Widths 6 meters.
Height from the river beds 7 meters.
Service. paths: Two, each I mete villas constructed of wooden Planks.
Sides: Iron r?ail,ing .
Current: Slow.
High water marks 2.50 meters (in spring, from the melting snow).
Low water marks 1.20 meters.
(2) Bridge over the Strurraa River, called Temelkovo, from the area in which
it is located (Temelkovo, formerly Batanovtsi, N 142-36, E 25-58). Located
at the 40 kilometer mark from the scams station of Sofia.
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Type of bridges Metals girders double-span (each 18 meters).
Pile and abutments Masonry.
Leng1.h: Ab(xat 45 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
Height from the river beds. 4 meters.
Service paths s ,Two, ro?den' pang.
Sides: Meta.. railing.
Current: Very rapid.
High water marks 3 meters.
Low water marks About 1 meter.
(3) Bridge over the Blato Marsh, called "Blato" from the name of the marsh
(N i2-28,, E 22-55). Located at the 57 kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station, three kilometers south of the Vurba.: railroad station
(N 142-31, E 22-57).
Type of bridges Metal., girder, single-span.
Abutments t Masonry.
Lengths About 30 meters.
Widths 6 meters.
Height from the river beds About 4 meters.
Service pat-has , Two$ each l math Vida,' paved :.with t:heStnut. oak.
Sides: Metal railing.
Current: None (marshes).
High water mark: 1 meter.
Low water mark: A few centimeters.
(14) Bridge over the Straama River, called Kalishte (N 12-29, E 22-50).
Located at the 60 kilometer marker from the main station of Sofia.,
three kilometers south of the Blato bridge described in the unit above,
Type of bridge: Metal, girder, single-span.
Abutments: Masonry.
Lengths About 30 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
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Height from the river beds About 7 meters.
Service paths Twos each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides: Metal railing.
(5)
Currents Swift.
High water marks About 3 meters.
Low water marks 1.0 centimeters.
Bridge over the Strama Rivers called Zemen, from the Zemen railroad
station (N 12-29, E 22-45). Located at the 71 kilometer marker from the
main station of Sofia., six kilometers southwest of the Zemen railroad
station.
Type of bridges Metal, girder, double-span (about 20 meters each).
Piling and abutments: Masonry.
Length: 45-50 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
Height from the river beds About 7 meters.
Service peuta.:. Two, each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides 3 Metal railing.
Currents Rapid.
High water marks About 3 meters in spring from the melting snow and in
the fall from the rain.
Low water marks 40-50 centimeters.
(6) Bridge over the Struma River, called Skkkavitsa (waterfall) from the
Skikavitsa railroad station (N 42-25, E 22-lu) . Located at the 80 kilo-
meter marker from the main station of Sofia, about 5 kilometers northwest
of the Skkavitsa railroad station.
Type of bridges Metal, girder, single-span.
Abutment: Masonry.
Length: About 40 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
Height from the river beds 7 meters.
Service pathos Two, each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides: Metal railing.
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(7)
(8)
-7m
Currents Rapid.
High water mark: About 3 meters.
Low water mark: 4O-50 centimeters.
Bridge over the Sty River., called Poz+arnitsi, from the name of.the
locality. Located at the 82 kilometer marker from the main station of
Sofia, about three kilometers northwest of the railroad station of
Skukavitsa (N 12-25, E 22-41).
Type of bridges Metal, girder, single-span.
Abutments : Maso'.
Length: About 40 meters.
Widths 6 meters.
Height from the river bads About 7 meters.
Service paths: Two lateral platforms, each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides s Metal railing.
Currents Swift.
High water marks About 3 meters.
Low water marks 40-50 centimeters.
Bridge over the Strum River, called Skrnkavitsa. Located at the 86 kilo-
meter marker from the main railroad station of Sofia, about 1 kilometer
south of the railroad station of Skakavitsa (N 42-25, E 22-41).
Type of bridges Metal, single-span.
Abutments: Maroon y.
Length: Approximately 40 meters.
Width: 6 raters.
Height, from the river beds About 7 meters.
Service paths: Two, each about, 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides: Metal railing.
Currents Rapid.
High water marks About 3 meters.
Low water mark: 40-50 centimeters.
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(9)
Bridge over the Struma River, called Razhdavitsa, from the Razhdavitsa.
Located at the 96_ki1ometer
railroad station (N 42-23, E 22-42).
marker from the Sofia railroad station, about two kilometers north of
Razhdavitsa railroad station.
Type of bridge: Metal, girder, single-span.
Abutments: Maeo ry.
Length: 40 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
Height from the river bad: About 7 meters.
Service paths: Two, each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides: 'Metal railing.
Currant: Swift.
High water marks About 3 meters.
Low water marks 40-50 centimeters.
(10) Bridge over the Bistritsa River (should probably be Dragovishbitsa
River). Located at the 100 kilometer marker from the main Sofia station,
about R kilometers south of the railroad station of Razhdavitsa (N 42-23,
E 22-42),
Type of bridge: Metal, girder, double-span (about 40 meters each).
Piling and abutments s Masonry.
Length: About 100 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
Height from the river bed: About 140 meters.
Service paths: Two, each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides: Metal railing.
Current: Slow.
High water mark: During the spring season after the snow melts, the
stream sometimes rises several centimeters above the railroad line.
Lox water mark: In the summer, the stream is completely dry.
(11) Bridge over the Dragovishtitsa Stream (should probably be the Bistritsa
River). Located at the 102 kilometer marker from the main Sofia ~rtation,
about 1 kilometers south of the Razhdavitsa railroad station (N 42-23,
E 22-42).
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Type of bridges. Metal., girder., single-span.
Abutments s Mason!r.
Length: About 40 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
Height above the river bed: About 2 meters.
Service paths: Two., each 1 meter wide., paved in wood.
Sides: Metal railing.
Current: Slow.
High water mark: About 1.50 meters.
Low water mark: Dry in the summer.
(12} Bridge over the Bistritea River., called Krushalevo (N 42-21., E 22-33).
Located at about the 114.5 kilometer marker from the main Sofia station,
about 10 kilometers northwest of the railroad station of Kyustendil.
Type of bridge: Metals girder., single-span.
Abutments: Masonry.
Length: About 20 meter?i.
Width: 6 meters.
Height above the river bed: About 10 meters.
Service paths : Two., each 1 meter wide, paved in wood.
Sides: Metal railing.
Current: Swift.
High water mark: About 3 meters.
Low water mark: About 60 centimeters*
c. Tunnels: All the:..,t is listed 1elhw belong'to tyke :!~k"' c,~, wea?f;z~c3r ,stb c'.
-a onf..and were built prior to 1920. The numbers and nausea of the tunnels
correspond to those of the sketch in Appendix R., pages 30 and 31.
(1)
Zeman - Tunnel length, 280 maters. Located at the 68 kilometer marker
from the main Sofia station, about 2,500 meters southwest of the rail-
road station of roman (N b2-29., E 22-45),
Terrain: Calcareous rock., not very compact.
Shape of axis: Circular.
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Slopes 3 ?percent.
Facing: Arch and sides one partially faced.
Riches: Arranged on the left side of the tunnel. The distance between
successive nnck es, 3s 50 meters.
Tunnel cross-sections Polycentric.
(2) Zeman - Tunnel length, 100 meters. Located at the 7Z kilometer marker
(3)
from the main Sofia station, about 5,500 meters southwest of the railroad
station of Zemea (N Ii22-299 E 22-45).
Terrain: Ca.areous rock, not very compact.
Shape of miss Rectilinear.
Slopes Y percent.
Facing: Partially, in stow.
Niches: A single niche, placed in the center of the tunnel on the left
side. The niche is completely faced. in stone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polyoentrio.
Sld kavitsa - Tunnel length, 140 meters. Located at the 80 kilometer
marker from the main Sofia station about 5 kilometers north of the
railroad station of Skukavitsa (N 42-25j, E 22-41).
Terrains Friable.
Shape of the axis: Circular.
Slopes 3 ' percent.
Facings Roof and aides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Two, placed on the left side, 50 meters apart.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polycontrio.
(4) Pozernitsi - Tunnel length #400 meters. Located at the 82 kilometer
marker from the main Sofia station about 3 kilometers north of the
railroad station of Sk kavitsa. (N J2-25, E 22-41).
Terrains Soft rook.
Shape of the axis: Circular.
Slope: 3roent.
Facings The tunnel is completely faced in sandstone.
Niches: On the left side, 50 meters apart, faced in sandstone.
Cross-+s,eotion of the tunnel: Po7yeentrio.
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() and (6) Skt kavi.tea - Tunnel length.., 70 meters and 90 meters respective-
ly. Located at the 86 kilometer marker from the main Sofia station,
about 1 kilometer south of the railroad station of Skavitsa (N h2-25,
E 22-)41.) .
(7)
(8)
(9)
Terrains Soft rock.
Shape of the :..s: Rect1 it~e~uc',
Slopes 3"percent.
Facings The tunnels are completely faced in sandstone.
Niches: A eirngle niche for each tunnel, These are faced,
Cross-section of the tunnels: Po1yentric.
Razhdavitsa - Tunnel lengths 7,80 meters. Located at the 89 kilometer
marker from the mai a Sofia stations 9 kilometers north of the railroad
station of Razhdavitsa (N !2?23, E 22442).
Terrain: Compact rook.
Shape of the s ciss Circular.
Slopes 3 percennt.
Facing: The Wwnel i faced only at certain places; sandstone facing.
Ni.ohes s At the left side at 50 meter intervals., completely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polycentrio.
Razhdavitaa - Tunnel lengths 270 meters. Located at the 91 kilometer
marker from the main railroad station of Sofia., 7 kilometers north of
the Razhdavitsa railroad station (N li.2-239 E 22-1i2).
Terrain: Compact rock,
Shape of the as s Circular.
Slopes 3-paroent. t,
Facings Partially faced with hard stone.
Nichess At the left side of the tunnel., at 50 meter intervals., com-
pletely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polarcentric.
Razhdavitsa - Tunnel lengths 220 meters. Located at the 96 kilometer
marker from the mama Sofia station., 2 kilometers north of the railroad
station of Razhd,avitsa (N Ii22-239 E 22-4z).
Terrain: Soft rock,
Shape of the axis s Circular.
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Slope : 3-percent.
Facing: Faced completely in hard stone.
Niches: At the left side, at 50 meter intervals, completely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polycentric.
(10) and (11) Kr^'shlevo - Tunnel lengths, 70 meters and 120 meters respective-
ly. Located at the 114,5 kilometer marker from the main Sofia station,
about 10 kilometers northwest of the Kyustendil railroad station.
Terrain: Soft rock.
Shape of the axis o R i edt,
Slope: 3 percent.
Facing: Completely faced in hard stone.
Niches: At the left side, 50 meter intervals, completely-faced.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(12), (13), and (14) Zerovitsa Tunnel lengths, 2i0 meters, 130 meters, and
116 meters respectively. Located at the 115.2 kilometer, 115.5 kilo-
meter, and 116 kilometer markers from.the main Sofia station, between
the 7 and 8 kilometer markers east of the Zerovitsa railroad station
(N i2-20, E 22-32).
(15)
Terrain: Soft, rock.
Shape of the axis s Circular.
Slopes 3 'percent.
Facing: Entirely faced in hard rock.
Niches: At the left side, 50 meter intervals, completely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnels: Polycentric.
Zerovitsa - Tunnel length, 3.50 meters. Located at the 320 kilometer
merksr_`x?om the main Sofia stations about 3 kilometers north of the
Zerovitsa railroad station (N 42-20, E 22-32).
Terrain: Soft rock.
Shape of the axis Circular.
Slopes 3. "percent a
Facing: Completely faced with hard stone.
Niches At the left side, 50 meter intervals, completely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
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(16) Zerovitsa - Tunnel length, 180 meters. Located at the 122 kilometer
marker from the main Sofia station '1 kilometer north of the Zerovitsa
railroad station (N h2-209 E 22-325-
Terrain: Soft rock.
Shape of the axis.- Circular.
Slopes 3 percent.
Facing: Completely faced with bard stone.
Niches: At the left side, 50 meter intervals, completely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnels Po2,ycentric.
(17) Zerovitsa - Tunnel length, 150 meters. Located at the 121 kilometer
marker from the main Sofia station 1 kilometer south of the Zerovitsa
ral2ro&d station (N I2-20, E 22-321.
Terrains Soft rock.
Shape of the axis: Rectilnear.
Slopes 3rcent.
Facing: Completely faced with hard stone.
Nichess At the left side, 50 mater intervals, completely faced.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
10. The Sofia - Petrich (N 1l-2., E 23-13) line, via Radomir (N 42-$3, E 22-58),
Dupnitsa (N 42-16, E 23-08), Gorna Dzhumaya (N 42-O1, E 23-06, i Blagoevgrad),
and Sveti Vrach (N !1-3b, E 23-1!, now Sandanaki) - Fall 1951 :
a. I TM is 221 killmeters long it is standard gauge; rails are German
m e, 12 meters long. The construction of the Sofia-Dupnitsa section dates
back to the period immediately after 1920. The Dupnitsa-Petrich section was
a i.inal y narrow-gauge (80 centimeters) and was converted to normal gauge
IA 195-1948, with some modifications also made in the route. In the spring
6f`1951, construction of a new highway was begun on the old narrow-gauge
route, on the Krupnik-Petrich section.
b. Bridges: See Appendix C, pages 2. and 33.
(1) Bridge over unidentified river at 76..5: kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station, about 2.5 kilometers south of the Diliyan station (sic).
Type of bridge: Reinforced concrete, arched, single-span.
Abutments: Reinforced concrete.
Length: 12 meters.
Width: 6 meters.
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Height above the river beds 20 meters.
Service paths.- Twos each 1 meter wide,, concrete.
Sides: Natal railing.
Currents Swift.
High water marks 4-5 meters.
Low water marks 40-50 centimeters.
(2) Other bridges No detailso
c. Viaducts:
(1) Located at kilometer marker 198 from the main Sofia station, 6 kilometers
north of the Sveti Vrach station (N 41-349 E 23-14).
Type of viaducts Reinforced concrete.
Heights About 7 meters.
Lengths About 6 meters.
Width: About 5.5 meters.
(2) Located at about kilemeter marker 202 from the main Sofia station.. about
2 kilometers north of the Sveti Vrach station (N 41-3b, E 23-14).
Type of viaducts Reinforced concrete.
Heights About 7 meters.
Lengths About 6 meters.
Width: About 5.5 meterso
d. Tun e s All the tunnels listed below belong to type "B", i.e.j, for both
ss and electric traction, and were built after 1920. The numbers indicating
t1e'tunnels correspond to those in Appendix C, pages 32 and 33.
(1) Tun l length.. 350 meters. Located at kilometer marker 75 from the main
Sofia station, about 1 kilometer south of the Diliyan (sic) railroad sta-
tion.
Terrain: Soft rock.
Shape of the axiss Circular.
Slope: 3. percent.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,
35 centimeters thick, mouth of the tunnel in granite.
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Nichees _ Alternating on both sides, at 50 meter intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentrico
(2) Tunnel, 150 meters long. Located at kilometer marker 103.1 from the main
Sofia station, o ns 550 meters north of the railroad station of Dupnitsa
(N 42-16, B 23-08).
Terrains Soft rock.
Shape of the axi?s Circular.
Slopes 3 +sresnt.
Facings Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks, the opening in granite.
Niches s Alternating on both sides, at 50 meter intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(3) Tunnel, 120 meters long. Located about 150 meters south of the mouth of
Tunnel No. 2.
Terrains Soft rook.
Shape of the axiss Circular.
Slopes 3 psroant.
Facings Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,
35 centimeters thick, mouth of the tunnel in granite.
Niches Alternating on both sides, at 50 meter intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(Ii) Tunnel', 20a metere lang. Located at kilometer marker 138 from the main
Sofia station, with mouth about 6.8 kilometers north of the Gorna
Dehamays station (N 142-01, 3 23-06).
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the axis o " ,lo..5 percent.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,
35 centimeters thick, mouth of the tunnel in granite.
Nichisa Alternating on both sides, at 50 meter intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
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(5) T n el, 120 meters long. Located at the 1140 kilometer marker from the
mew Sofia station, about 5 kilometers north of the aorta Dzbumaya sta-
tion (N lj2-01, E 23-06)
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axis s Circular*
Slope:. 4 *5 percent.
Facing: Roof and sides faced In concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,
35 centimeters thick, mouth of the tunnel in granite.
(6)
Niches: Alternating on both sides, at 50 meter intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnel; Polycentrio.
to' Located In the section
., ~ ? included between kilometer markdrn 167 and
>
19
from the main Sofia Station
Tunnel lenugtha: Tunnel 6 - 250
meters,
Tel 7 - 300 meters.
Tunnel 8 - 350 meters.
Tunnel 9 m 50 meters.
Tunnel 10 - 420 meters.
Tunnel 11 - 70 meters.
Tunnel 12 - 800 meters.
Tunnel 13 - 220 meters,
Tunnel 14 0 380 meters.
Tunnel 15 -.500 meters,
Tunnel 16 - 300 meters.
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the axis: Circulars except Tunnel 9 which is rectilinear.
Slopes 3.5 percent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,
35, centimeters thick, mouth of the tunnel in granite.
Niches: Alternating on both sidesp at 50 meter interval., Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polyoontrio.
(17) Tunnel, 250 meters long. Located at kilometer marker 218 from the main
Sofia station, about 6 kilometers north of Petrich (N !$1-219 E 23-13).
Terrain: Compact rook.
Shape of the axisg Circular.
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Slopes 3.5 ercenta
Facings Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,,
35 centimeters thick, mouth of the tunnel in granite.
Niches; Alternating on both sides., at 50 meter intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnels Pblycentric.
(18) Tunnel., 50 meters long. Located at kilometer marker 218 from the main
Sofia station., about 5.5 kilometers north of the Petrich station (N iil-2b,
E 23-13)?
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the axis; Rectilinear.
Slope: 3.,5 - rcent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in concrete blocks 60 by 20 centimeters,
35 centimeters thick., mouth of the tunnel in granite.
Niches: Alternating on both sides., at 50 mater intervals. Faced like
the tunnel.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentrio.
U. The Sofia - Mezdra (N 43-099 E 23-140) line., via Svoge (N li2-58, E 23-19). Fall
11010
a* This line is 88.6 kilometers long. It is, standard gauge; rails 25 meters long
.
ones le n? Clbd n ine was laid between the years 1892randM1896.y 25X1
Rail' replacement and repairs were carried out during 1950 and the first months,
of 1951.
be Tunnelss'~ The numbers given for these tunnels correspond to those actually used
to dia inguish the various borings. All tunnels are type >
traction and were built prior to 1920. The numbers of the.tunnelseaalsorcorree--
spond to those in Appendix D9 pages A, 359 36, and 37.
(1) Tunnel length., 136 meters. Located at about kilometer marker 19 from the
tpain Sofia station.
Terrain: Rooker,, not too compact.
Shape of the axis: ~tlaT.pa .' ; ,=: 3].ope8 ,33, pevicejit.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches; Arranged on one side, at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red sand-
stone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
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(2) Tinh el length, 150' maters. Located at the 20 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rook.
Shape of the axis: Cimoa ar:. 'Slopes .. .3 pe"int.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one side., at 50 meter intervals*
stone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(3)
(4)
(5)
in Sofia station.
Faced in red sand-
Tunnel length., 120 meters. Located at the 21.6 kilometer marker from the
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axis s Ci.ro0a r~. Slopei J)3i pejGent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red sand-
stone.
Cross-section of, the,'Itinnels Polycentric.
Tunnel length., 200 meters. Located at the 22.1 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rook.
Shape of the axis: Circular;,,,; ,:. 'Slope$. 3,-Pe ent.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red sand-
stone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric,
tunnel lengths 150 metere. Located at the 26 kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rook.
Shape of the axis s Cincular:o , .::.S1oper$:' per t.
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Nichess Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red sand-
stone.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polycentrio.
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(6) T'uinel length, 60 meters. Located at 27.2 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axiss Rectilinear. Slope Y'percent.
(7)
(8)
Facing: Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches's Arranged on one side, at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red sand-
stone.
Crass-avotion of the tunnels Polyoentric.
Tunnel length, 350 meters. Located at the 27.9 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rock.
? ?
Shape of the axis:
Slope: 3,4ercent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Nichess Arranged on one side, at 50 meter intervals. Faced is red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentrio.
Tunnel length, 200 meters. Located at 32.1 kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the axis t Slopes 3 pereent.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one side, at 50 meter interval's. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(9) Tunnel length, 120 meters. Located at 46 kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axis:
Slope: 3 'percent.
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Facings Roof and sidea faced in sandstone.
Niches- Arranged on one aides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(10) Tunnel lengths 80 meters. Located at 46.5 kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station.
Terrains Conpact rock.
Shape of the axis s Rectilinear.
slopes 3 percent.
Facing: Roof and sides partially faced in sandstone.
Niches- Arranged on one side., at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
(u)
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
Tunnel length., 320 meters. Located at 48 kilometer marker from the main
Sofia station.
Terrains Rocky., not very compact.
Shape of the axis s O
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Slopes 3 psroent.
Niches- Arranged on one side., at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnel's Poly+centric.
(12) Tunnel length., 300 meters. Located at 52.5 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station. Collapsed in 1898; no attempts to restore until
19t8a'at which time attempts were partly successful but_ were abandoned
because of the crumbly nature of the terrain. At this point.,, the rail-
road line turns off and runs along the foot of movftkW Mernubntrt
400 meters., then rejoins the regular line.
(13) Tunnel length., 220 meters. Located at the 54 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the emis s Oia,cu ~
Slopes I percent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
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-21 25X1
Dishes: Arranged on one side., at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross~seation of the tunnel: Polycentric.
(14) Tunnel lengths 180 meters. Located at the 62 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axiss Ci u1ar
Slopes ~Jrcent.
Facing: Roof and sides partially faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on ow sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnel: Polycentric.
(15) Tunnel lengths 100 meters. Located at the 66.5 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rock.
? it ular, o , o
Shape of the axis t
Slope: 3 per ent.
Facing: Roof and sides partially faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone. -
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(16) Tunnel lengths 70 meters. Located at the 68 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rook.
Shape of the axis: C#.rcelare
Slope: 3 percent.
Facing: Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentrio.
(17)
Tunnel lengths about 70 meters. Located at 69.5 kilometer marker from
the main Sofia station.
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Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the axis.- CirMlarh
Slopes 3 percent.
Fac as s The tunnel is not faced. The opening of the tunnel (toward
Sofia) is built of hard stone,, and the other opening (toward Mezdra) is
of rock without any facing.
NT hens Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(18) Tunnel length, 140 meters. Located about 50 meters from the mouth of
Tunnel 17.
Terrains Compact rook,
Shape of the amiss Circilar ? ::' 1,,?114
Slopes 3 percent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(19) Tunnel lengths 320 meters. Located at the 70.5 kilometer marker from
the main Sofia station.
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the amiss
Slopes 3 percent.
Facings Roof and sides faced in sandstone.
dahlias Arranged on one sides at 50 meter intervals* Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(20) Tunnel length, 250 meters. Located at the 71 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axis: Circular.
Slope: 3 rcent.
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Facings Roof and sides partially lined with sandstones
Niches. Arranged on one side, at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(21) Tunnel length, 2MD meters. Located about 100 meters from the mouth of
Tunnel 20,
Terrains Compact rock.
Shape of the axiss Almost circular.
Slope: 3 percent.
Facing: Roof and sides partially lined with sandstone.
Niches: Arranged on one sides, at 50 meter intervals. Faced in red
sandstone.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
(22) Tunnel length,, 18 meters. Located at the 72 kilometer marker from the
main Sofia station.
Terrain: Compact rock.
Shape of the axiss Rectilinear.
Other characteristics.- The same as Tunnel 21.
12. The Sofia - Dolna Kamaritsa (N 42-43, E 2352) line, via Makotsevo (N 42-42,,
E 23-48) c Fall 1951. (See Appendix E, page 381
a. This line is 62 kilometers long. It is standard gauge; rails are 12 meters
long, German make. The construction of the Sofia-Makotsevo section, 50'kilo
meters'long, dates to the 1930-1935 period. After the Sofia-Makotsevo'section
was-completed, work was begun on the Makotsevo-Dolna Kamaritea trunk, which is
12 kilometers long. For this purpose, a tunnel was made, the roadbed pre-
pared, and the laying of the track from Makotsevo toward Dolna lamaritsa was
begun. -Work was abandoned in 1910 when hostilities broke outs and the tunnel
was used'to store ammunition.' in 1945, work was resumed and finished in a
year's time. The new railroad trunk with terminal station at Dolna Kamaritsa
was immediately put into operation.
b. A rail"lt connects Gara Yana (N 42-43, E 23-34) with Novoseltsi_(N 42-40-
Z 23-36 now Elm Pelin). In 1946, work was begun on the extension of the line
1t?Q.'Z3s' S r (see "Lines under Construction" below).
c. Tonne. a There is a single tunnel along this line. It is of type "B", i.e.,
.f seam and electric traction. Location at the 53 kilometer marker from the
miin Sofia station. The opening of the tunnel is 2 kilometers from the
Makotsevo station in the direction of Dolma Xamiritsa.Length about 100 meters.
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Terrains A rg aceow , not very consistent.
Shape of the s io Rectilinear.
Slopes 3 ; r&x .; t.
Facings Because of the poor consistency of the terrain the entire
tunnel (includi.ag portals) is reinforced with concrete to centimeters
thick.
Niches: One niches also faced in concrete.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
Railroad Lines Under Construction - Fall 1951.
13. The Dolna Kamaritsa (N 42-43, E 23-52) - Pirdop (N h2-1t2, E 24-i1) line, via
Bunovo (N b2-b3, E 23-56) and Mirkovo (N b2-142, E 23-59)s (See Appendix Es page 38.)
~,
a. This hue is Construction work was approxiimtely '23.. kilometers longs and is standard gauge.
begun in 1946. As of fall 1951, the tunnel was almost
completed, while the track-lag was only partially done, because rails
(being received from the USSR) were still in shortage. This line was to have
been opened to traffic Ar September 1951, but the'opening date is now expected
to be at the end of 1952.",
b. Tenn s There is a single tunnel along the Dolna Kamaritsa-Pirdop line, known
as the Vasil Kolarov Tunnel." It is 3,200 meters long and is located at the
62.3 kilometer marker from the main Sofia stations about 300 meters from the
Dolna Kamaritsa station. The mouth of the tunnel is about 2.5 kilometers from
the Butaovo station (N 42-i3, E 23?56). The tunnel is type "B", i.e., for
steam and electric traction.
Terrains Not very consistent, crumbly.
Shape of the axis: Circular.
Slope: About 3 perc. at.
Facings Roof and sides in reinforced concrete. As of. fail 1951, the portals
were not finished.
Niches: Alternate on the two sides, set at 50 meter intervals.
Drainage canals: Because of the great amount of infiltrating waters the
dimensions are about 1 meter by 1 meter.
Cross-section of the tunnels Polycentric.
Status of construction works Tunnel not yet-oompletedj work has slowed down
because of the difficulties met in boring through the crumbly terrain.
Viaducts: Located at the 67 kilometer marker from the main Sofia station,
MM 1*500 meters from the mouth of the "Vasil Kolarov Tunnel," and about
1 kilometer from the Bunovo station (N 42-13, E 23-56).
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Type of viaduct 2 Reinf oroed concrete p 6 arched spans q 12 meters each.
Abutment,t . a . pi..lesa Reinforaed, concrete.
Length-. About 85 irastevj.
Width About 6 meters.
Maximum height above the depression-. About 20 meters.
Sides-. Metal railing.
Service paths-. Two, each 80. centimeters wide, concrete.
The Pirdop (N 42-43, E 21t=U) - Sopot (N 42.'399 E 24-45) line. As of fall 19515,
14.
work was in progress on the finishing of the tunnels (number unknown) along this
line and the roadbed. 25X1
the laying of the track was not began because shipments of rail
believed to be from the USSR or Czechoslovakia) had not arrived. There is a track
in operation along the route of the lineq but this is used exclusively to trans-
port workers y :d' ateri,al to the work zone. This line was to have been opened
in September 1951 at the saris time as the Dozna Eanaritsa - Pirdop line (discussed
in the preceding paragraph), but it is now believed that it will be opened to
traffic at the and of 1951.
Conversion to Stan Goa k, a
15. As of fall 1951s the Oryakhovo (N 43-389 E 24-00) - Cher-wen Bryag (N 43-165,
'E 2L.-06) line, via B la Slating (N 43-28, E 23-56) was being converted from
narrow gauge to standard gauge. in March 1951, the construction material necessary
for the project began flowing., and construction work began. The gauge conversion
is reported to have been mainly to avoid ltr rnf irrin . at the Cherven Bryag
station of the agricultural products produced in quantity in this area when
shipping them to the inland markets.
Railroad Section of tkae Mipistr~r of Trans2 t
16. Headquarters of the railroad branch of the Ministry of Transport are located oonn~
Ivan Vazov Street In Sofia, on the corner of 6 September Street. The~,xep tr~
is Gsorgi Baychev, engineer, about 40 years old., a native of Gorna Oryakhovitsa.
He is incapable,, and his duties as chief of the repair unit were given him for
political reasons only.
17. The repair unit is subdivided into 18 sections. It takes care of the maintenance
of'the entire Bulgarian network and its installations (bridges, tunnels, via-
ducts, stations, etc.) The maintenance of a definite section of the railroad net-
work is assigned to each of the sections; these sections vary from 100 to 140
the traffic existCitnggon
kilometers, the extent, being determined by the intensity of
on the line. Each section possesses a section chief
4hief (engineer), and a technician.
18. Each section, in turn, is divided into. absections, three to fiveJin nvmberi in
of to the kilometrage of tthe line to
relation
subsection ?bas maintained; chief and three to
charge of 30 to 4 P~0 k ~.ometera.
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five assistant -chiefs. Normall each assistant chief has charge'Uofl? toi)1C)'work4VS
who are permanent employees. When major work Is undertaken requiring a large
number of-laborers, this number of subordinates is temporarily increased. At the
end of each working days the subsections must present a detailed report on their
activities to the subsection chief. The subsection chief summarizes these reports
and transmits a report to the sectioncchief via the technician and the assistant
section chief. In turn, the section chief (an engineer), after collecting and
evaluating the reports, turns them over-to the maintenance unit of the Ministry of
Transport. The same procedure is used to request material. No deviation from
such procedure is allowed, and infractions are punished by means of disciplinary
measures.
19. Headquarters and jurisdiction lines of some of the 18 sections for the main-
tenance of the Bulgarian railroad network are as follows:
a...First, second, and fifth sectiones Headquarters SofisW Lines of jurisdictions,
section'- Sofia-Dragoman (N 142-56, E 22-56), and care of the main
Sofia station.
(2) Second section - Sofia-Pernik (N 142-36, E 23-03)-Kyustendil (N 11.2-17s
E 22-14l)-ayeshevo (N 142-11, E 22-48 line.
(3) Fifth section - Sofia-Saran'o a (N 142-13s E 21-06) line.
Fourth sections Headquarters Cherven Brvag (N 43-16, E 21.-06). Lines of
jurisdictions
(1) Cherven Bryag-Pleven (N 143-25, E 214-36), via Yasen (N 143-25s E 24-3l)-
(2) Cherven Brig-Oryakhovo (N 143-44, E 23-56)9 narrow-gauge line.
o. Tenth sections Headquarters Plovdiv. Lines of jurisdiction:
(1) Plovdiv Saran t ovo (N 42-13, E 24-06).
(2) Plovdiv-Chirpan (N 142-11A E 25-18)-Orizovo (N 142-12, E 25-11).
(3) Saran'ovo-Razlog (N 41-57, E 23-33); narrow gauge line.
4. Elevihth section: Headquarters Dupnitsa (N 142-15, E 23-46). Lines of
jurisdiction:
(1) Radomir (N 142-33, E 22-58) - Dupnitsa Petrich (N 141-2b, E 23-13).
(a) Rila (N 142-08, E 23-08) -Rilaki Manastir (N 142-08, E 23-19) narrow
gauge line.
e. Twelfth and thirteenth sections: Headquarters Stara Zagora (N b2-25,
E 25-38). Lines of jurisdiction:
(1) Twelfth sections Orizovo (N 142-12, E 25-11) - Mikhaylovo (N 142-15,
E 25.-32) - Stara Zagora -.Nova Zagora (N 142-29, E 26-01) - Yambol
(N 2-28, E 26-31) line.
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(2) Thi>