THE KHARKOV ELECTROTECHNICAL INSTITUE (KHETI)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600050182-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 10, 2011
• Sequence Number: 182
• Publication Date: March 15, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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REPOR
CD NO.
DATE DISTR. I5 A. 1954
NO OF PAGES 8
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
a? I~gTI originataa
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Te sah.ol whie>b .....- T! 1ai~al Ie.egti.._ _
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CLASSIFICATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Th
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d. Rabfak attempted to prepare the unqualified students for their course at KhETI
by teaching them such basic subjects as grammar, mathematics, physics, chemistry,
etc. These students remained under the Rabfak for as long as it took them to
satisfactorily prepare themselves for the KbETlprogram. It was later learned
tkat those students, whose backgrounds and educational levels required this
additional tram never turned out too well and were called Uskiye, Spetaya-
iiati (Limited Specialists). Their winds just did not function along
scientific lines, but they did make excellent technicians. The Uakiye
Spetsyalisti upon graduation frm KbETI were` not assigned to engineering
positl,ons but were utilised as teohnioiam in factories.
a. The pra.,tiia of Prarabotka (the solving of a problem) also flourished during
It was vise subse' a group of Party member-a would Mwczk :var",
ug:i NMb.. 2LLaok, ridicule sad discipline, a poultice? +4_U rist or
a student who fell behind in his studies. This practice took up a great
deal of the studeats time during class br
b"eaks, lunch periods and after
hours . Th o existed constructive groups known as Udarniye
&igadi (Shock Brigades - exemplary), whose aims were to he].;- rc students
in their studies and study habits. Those who failed the midyear examination
in De..,amber of each year were called Hvost:L (tails). The Udaraiki (the
individuals in this group) tried to cut off the tails, i.e. help the stragglers.
f. After the establishment of GU-VTUZ in 1935, the soholastio requirements were
raised at KhETI and entrance examinations were given to all prospective
students. The professors were instructed not only to be more demanding of
their students in technical subjects but to also insist that their tudents
use grammatical Russian '.-: their oral and written work. They were instructed
to correct students on their use of grammar and it no improvement resulted,
to report the student to the administration of KhETI which in turn then
,required that the student take a special additional course in graiaar.
Furthermore, many social academic courses, which previously took up much of
the students' time, were then eliminated and more technical subjects added
to the curriculum.
Same of the subjects that KhETI stopped in 1935 were Istsat (Iatorioheskiy
Materializm - Historical Materialism), Soteek Sotsial'nya lkonamika -
Social &,onomioe), Politgramota (Politicheekaya Graaota - Political Reading
and writing), NOT (Nauohnya Organisatsi4a Truda - Scientific lrganisation
of Labor) and Physical Cult-ire. NOT was dropped because it was felt that since
Soviet Industries were not highly enough developed to use mass production
met- u v.1,i11aed in the M and other countries, there was no point in teaching
the stuL.4nte this course. The *4 7 two nontechnical subjects that were
not eliminated from the KhETI ourriculum were Voyennya Itishtrovka (Military
Training or drill) and the History of the TO (Vsiosoiusnya koa0uniatioheskya
Partly, - All-Union Communist Party).
a. All technical institutes which had authority to graduate engineers were called
VTM. Narkomprom (Narodniy Nomisariyat havesohanija - National Cmmaissariat
of iducation) in Nbseow had a department called GU:VTt>N. KbZTl vas directly
under the jurisdiction of this department. The director of KhE'TI, who was a
Party member, was responsible for the internal We of that institution. Be
was, however, restricted in three ways e
(1) Every change in the program atKh1TI had to be first approved by GU-VTNTZ.
(2) All of the teaching staff, assistants,t assistant orofessore, professors
and heads of each kafedra (department), were appointed and licensed by
GU?VTINZ.
(3) He was responsible to the local Partyachayka (Party Committee) for all
internal activities at KhETI.
b. KhMI hadtvo administrative offices,
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CONFIDENTIAL
-4-
(1) K-ntselyariya Po Studencheskim Delam (Student Affairs O.ffi^e)
(2) Kontselyariya J. Bukhalteriya institute (Administrative Office and
Baokkeepi.ng Depar wudnt)
o. As a separate unit was the Fundamental'naya Biblioteka (Fundamental Library).
In this library students could read the, technical and scientific books and
magazi.nse, but only the teachers were permitted to check them out. This
library was well stocked with books and magazines of recent issue not only
fr= the USSR but also from Germany, France, the UK and the US.
d. KhETI:ffered :.ourees both in the 'daytime and in the evenings. The maximum
unnni 4~r .,f the D.n__.n{y model 0-1-n. School) It d
-'-
~.~ t:y
studenLe. The maximum capa:ity of the Vecherniy Otdel (lightSchooll and
:la--.es were held from 5--00 pm to 10.00 pm. The students attending night
s:hoo1 wars all. cider working people with families. The teachers and courses
at the night school. were almost identical to those of day school with the
ex:>?p`..r.on that the day school graduated their students in five years, whereas
night school students were required to attend the institute for a total of
six yea1-c, The night s:hcolstudents had to transfer tc day school in their
=-Ixth year and were paid for doing this at the rate of 30% of their working
vagea. It was very di.ffioult to get into either' the day ,ar night division
fKhEi ] Ther9 were u). uall.y to-1 e many appli:ants f:- - ant.-1,ment as there
wer s cpsni.ngq.
e. In l9IJ 3(hETlwas divided into six departments fee Enclosure (A) structural
aketcl j Every department had a head (a senior professor), one or
t0ae pr-)Ieaeur9, one or two assistant professors and five to eight young
assistants (two for every professor and assistant professor). The names
of acme of the heads of the departments, as of 1941, are indicated on
k:^ :l.osLre W.
f. The Department of Electromotor Drive (Kafedra Elektroprivodov), which was
head--: by professor Aronov (Doctor al dissertation in 1938), had two professors:
F-::'e,g (Doctoral dissertation in 1939) and Vladimir Ilinaki (Doctoral
disser.ation in 1940); two assistant professors (without Doctoral dissertations):
Ntk:laicb' '- and Bukhshtab and eight assistants.
g. i.' 3 aeiid of a department was responsible for all activities within his
depart.:ent and bold meetings once or twice a month' where current scientific
and teaching problems were discussed. He also lectured from 20 to 25 hour"
per week at the rate of 16 rubles per hour, carried on all the administrative
functions of the department and guided the scientific work of two assistants.
Professors lectured from 10 to 15 hours each week at the rate of 12 rubles
per hour, guided eight to ten students through their fifth year of thesis
writing and were responsible f the work of two assistants. Assistant
profess,=9 only lectured 35 to 40 hours at the rate of eight rubles per
hour. Assiatiants performed laboratory work with students and carried on
their .'WA scientific resear:.,h.
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Teah L-'-gram-
a. The curri_.ulum at KhETI required that day school students attend for five years
and night school students for six years. Zaoh year was divided into two
semesterc9 the fall and spring semesters. The fall semester began on 1
September and lasted until 20 December. Between 10 and 20 December Polukursaviye
Iepitaniye (mid-year examinations) were held. The spring semester lasted
from 5 January to 10 June. From 20 May to 10 June the Kursaviye Ispitaniye
t examinations) were helet t -sno -
el i
(final ione a as 4+?1 Oil (Otlichno hno (N exceThe Khor,(Koroe;e,o - god g good), on IId the final (IIdovletvorvoritel
i_ne - excellent),
voritel no - not satisfactory). Those students
whose work was graded Neud in the final examinations were permitted to take a
second supplementary test at the beginning of the fall semester. Attendance
N_ coiigai ry and avcry pra?oc; r kapo a ,,., cnd ..c
y.urc :n vyi.an hs re_,ordad the dm=.,, attendance of each stud-_,r. titudsnta
could be excused by the professor from taking the mid-year exa, tone in
December if they made above average progress throughout the fc -.aester.
b. The c.oureee taught at KhETI during the first three years wera the tical and
of a general technical nature and were required for all studenV+ after the
third year each student was required to work during the summer a~,,:chs at a
fa-t,=y. This practical training was usually given ati0 ETZ, the Kharkov
Elektromczrtash workshop, or the local. streetcar workshop and was called
Pervoya Pr oizvodstvennaya Prektika (First Creative Practice). During the
fourth year a student was taught only special subjects of the department
that he elected to join. In the Department of lilectromotor Drive at IthETI
the students in the second half of the fourth year, the spring semester, were
requ:~Yed t; further specialise by choosing courses in one of the following four
fis.ies Vast Furnaces and Steel Plants (including open hearth), Machine Plants,
Paper MILIs and Other Misoellansous Plants. At the end of the fourth year
t?-.e student selected the theme for his thesis and then spent the summer
mar. _h~ v.., :,iag in a factory in a field allied to his thesis. This required
e'.u=er employment was called Vtcraya Proisvodetvenna_va Praktika (Second
^'~rT.'ve Precstlce). In the last, fifth year, the student devoted all of
his t...- ?cx: a7, -a :riting of his thesis and making preparations for
giving hisvoral dissertation.
At t:.a oz. of the fifth year in June, or if extra time was needed, at the and
of the fell semester in December, he submitted his thesis and gave an oral
dissertation to a special ccaomission. Sometimes students, for one reason or
anot?'er, did net do this until as long as one and one-half years after the
and of the _.lth year. Before the thesis was submitted to the oam ission,
it vaj chocked carefully by one of the students' department professors. The
thesis usually included from 12 to 20 drawings and some 200 typed pages of
calculations and descriptions.
7. Curries um4
a. Pint ear p
(1) Theoretical,
a "Los ? Teohoical Draw ing
b Chemistry f Sociology
o Analytical Osomstry g History of the UP
d Calculus
(2) Practical:
jai Chealoal Iaboratocy
b Drafting
o Military Training
b. 3aaggLZYts
(1) Thecr?tioals
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(a) Technical Mechanics (e) Introduction to rlectrotechnies
(b) hlactricity and Magnetism (f Differential Equation
(a Streas Ree ataaoe of Materials (g) Structural Art .
(d) Plectro-Chemistry (h) Primary Movers (steam) water
and combustion)
(2) Practical (laboratory work):
(a) Stress Resistance of Materials
(b) &leotro-Chemistry.
Third Years
(1) Theoretioel,
(g) inalys~. qt the. Ve.ror ThGua;
b Theory of Alternating Current
c Lieotrical Hachinery
d Telephones and Telegraphy
e
f Radio %chnology
g Electrical Lighting
h Electrical Commutating and
Protective Devices
(2) Practical (laboratory work):
(a) Design of DC Electrical: Msohiaery So Electrical Michiaery
(b) Design of AC Electrical Machinery (d) Electrical lbasunemsnts
(3) Summer employment at an electrical plant or repair shop.
d. Fourth Year (Department of Eleotramotor Drive MIg):
(1) Theorstinal (fall sas?ster)i
a Electrical Parer Stations and Substation (d) Eleetrifioition of Iduss-
b. Electrical Transmission Lines try
Electrical Networks (e) Electrical Cranes and
Cargo HandlingMwhinery
(2) 1'ha gti-cs1, spring semester (choice of olio of the following):
(s) Blast Phrnaoes and Steel Plaatsi
S:) Mechanical and Electrical Characteristic, of Electrical Motors
2 Electrical Connectors and Relays
(3 Iquipmsnt of Coke and Sintering Plants
4 Hiast Furnace Equipant
5 Open Hearth and Convertor Equipment
6 Steel Ml11 Main Drives
7 Steel Mill Auxiliary Drives
b Machin Plants jalln
d Other Miscellaneous Plants
(3) Practical (laboratory work):
a Design of Electrical Network.
b Design of Electrical Substations
Summer sag:loyaent in work allied to a student lo selected thews for
his thesis.
a. P1t~ ~s Research and writing of a thesis under the direction of a
departaant professor.
8. S +a ~#~s
a. Students enrolling at MM were divided and organized into groups of from
40 to 50 atsdeuts each. Each group elected its am k uppcvod (leader of the
group) who represented the individual mothers in all matters, particularly in
dealing with the DATI admiaistratioa. .teak group was assigned a saber which
vas rataiaed until the fourth yew, when these initial group were dissolved.
One of the primary reasons for the exlstemos of theme numbered group was to
facilitate the scheduling of classes and the preparation of special notices and
aehedulas that appeared an>ldTI bulletin boards. That way it was passible to
poet a notice simply announcing that group 382 and 403 would on a certain day
during a certain hoar be expected to appear in the auditorium instead of their
regular classrooms.
O0 - 'ZdL
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During the iLst beet yerro at niwaaouuv stiicdtatS in each group dropped out
fo arty one of many reasons, including e2pul3ion for unsatisfactory progress
in their studies. Therefore, by the spring semester of the third year each
group i-n1y had from 15 to 20 members. In the fall semests of the fourth
year there initial groups were dissolved and ti`.a^ students reorganised into
new groups, according to their chosen specialty. These departmental, groups
were made up of from 80 to 100 students each. Up to 19/4 at least half of the
students in their fourth year at HhETI elected to opmplete their studies under
the Dapartment of Zleotromotor Drive, specialising in Mast Furnaces and
Steel Plants, The reason for'thi, was that at that time'there'was much
activity in that field and it held many interesting electrical problems.
During day school of the first four years at KhETI the n_rogrem .,._i t,. _
s twI ii t= 0- tend three :.daturea and one lahn =t erry -Ian- _e.. . ?.i. .._ . ttni.
-y Gu m u a t5 Ul ~Vp
hours 3cuaticn, each day, six days a week. During the fifth year they worked
on their thesis preparation and research in special drafting rooms from
8.00 em to 4?0O pm. Those students who wished to do additional work were
allowed to remain in these drafting rooms until 10100 pm. Two or three
times weekly professors came there in the evenings for consultation purposes.
9. 1ftaae,~ ? tea
a. Generally speaking students who attended ZhETI had a difficult time of it
financially. It was bad enough prior to 1939 when no tuition was charged, after
1939 many were forced to drop out of school. The most hard pressed were those
who were being supported by their parents. Most students in 1941 had to pay
a tuition of 350 rubles per semester, or 700 rubles per year. This, as e rule,
wee higher than the tuition of most Soviet universities. Those who were
exnused fxot paying tuition were students whose parents were on the faculty and
the Stipendii (students whose tuition and expense. were paid by the government).
b. About 30% of t'e total etudent body atKhETIwere Stipendii, who were- either
Party mamba-e, ohi1.:::au of Party members or outstanding ~ ~8 middle school pupils.
a;rp4ratiwe_y few of the latter. The Party members were generally
a prob?ea. to that they expected to be given special privileges and be treated
with k.id gloves. Many of them often attempted, and sometimes succeeded, into
uercing the professors at KhETI it - giving them passing marks when they did
not deserve them.
o. In the KhETI building was a student cafeteria, where they could eat good meals
for a very low cost. There was also a dormitory close to IChETI where out-of-
town students were given free lodgings. This dormitory was called Studencheskoye
0bnoheshitiye and acocsesodated male and female students not only from KhETI but
also from the various other schools in Kharkay. It was a large ir?'u ,, over
a block long and eight stories high, which had hells running for the full
length of each story. On each side of the halls were roams, each housing six
students. Those student acac^modations, although free sad close to IChETI,
were not satisfactory due to the crowded conditions and may distractions.
ENCLOSURE (A):* Structural Sketch of KbETI
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ENCLOSURE (A)
slektroteklmiohwkjy Fakul!t.t
(Zl.eetr wnt~~:._i ? ity,
Kievekiy Politekhuioheeki- Iaetitut
(Kiev Poiyteohaio Institute)
lfonteo?mire Po Studeaoheskia Dalai
($tudeat Chairs Q[lioe)
of pbreioo-Mkthertieal leaow)
8
"am aet
(Depi'tarnt SLeets
a~ Z* J"
Not
ANN=
lontmalmijna i BukhalteriyaIaatituta
(idairiietrstin Qttia 4 Booidoeepi )
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Iharkonkiy Llektrat~khniehaekiy
(markov I.eOtrat8ohniQe~7 ~.gtitLt0)