MEDICAL SCIENCE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200312-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 29, 2011
• Sequence Number: 312
• Publication Date: October 6, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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(: ~S57FIC;AIiUN EST~2ICTED ~
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENC:
IN~O~tVI~#6~ Ts~Q~c~R'r.
COUNTRY U3LaR
SUBJECT Medical 8cleace
p~~nen
rWrvlucnl-v UCatt "" ,.
51ur eeerrrtr romlrr nr{rra4lor urarnto Ore r{tlor{c o{nr{e I
9a 4M{ rnxxp {Ya76{ rl/rlr 4r{ rellrire Ot 4N{ OMOIIMt {w {0
m. s. e_ t, uo at. r{ mgear. m n,rqu{wr oa 4we rev{uMe
pv m tlnrrarri Ir N/ r{rY{a to ?{ trMlkrOtlx{{ rc:+gM N VeP
nrmr w r. e{xawre"wa a ,rn rollr n rrorlr,{o. ror?
b ~Itrt{i'~rrh?TMOrxun q 4r{i rte ti Irouo~iuoa ~ Y, rt rnwaa~
DATE DISTR. 6 Oot 1948
N0. OF PP.GES 17
N0. OF ENCLS.
(IJ$TEp 6GlAYx1
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT N0.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION FOR THE RES%ARCH
USE OF TRAINED INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS,
Rneeiea p~'iodicai, Savete~vse Zdraoookhraneal e, Bo b, 1947. (FT8 Per
Ab 22~g8 -- Traaeiatica epecifioallq requeetad.
DAs ~ T~ + tic>BtaE ~ ate[ ai: xes
Manlao- a
P A
4? Yo. Gal"perin
Doctor of Medical Soleacels
Moecox
the caafez~eaoe was ccaveaed b7 the Committee to 8tud~ the Medico-
8eaitation Coaeegnsacee of the '+ter Kith the participation of the Preeling'
Council of the Acadelq of Medical 8cieacee iF4St, the 7natituts or Public.
Health and the Bist~ of lledicloe of t'.ee Acadee~ of Medical Sciences T1>?ffit,
in lbecox frog 14-T7 Map 1947.
Among th+s partioipeate is the conference yore B.N. Aaichkov, pa~seideat
of tha Aaadeei~ of 3lad~icel 8cienose tT$8R; N.A. Seeeeahko, melsber a_? tba ?re-
aiding aouacil of the Acaseagr; A.B? 9~e1n, S.A. Lasro'~r B?1~? Ig'[~toa. R.A.
1[1nehiani.kov, I.D. Straahia, nctire memeere of the Acadey; L.M. 9habad,
V.D. Cheklia, G.A. Batlcis, corroopmding meelbere; M.I. Sa-nleaok, Minister
of Public Hsnith of the Bslaetueeisn 83ft, and K.B. Shukhma, Deputy-tuats-
for o1 Publie Health of the 7atwlan 8?~; profeaeare, ecientiete, sad yreac-
Ziti.~larwlre !tom ldoecear, Leaing.^ed, Sher"kov, 4deeea, Rige, Minsk, Stalfin-
grad. llvorQlavsk, ArcS~eagsl, Batista, Tsroeiacvl, Rostov-oa-the-Daai. end a
great X0.7 oEher aitiee sad repons o2 the Moecov Meet. In all, .sere
theta Qx0 pereaoe Lock pert i:s tiYS cnnfesbncs. O.A. Sirllashko, obaSrmaa as ,
the ooemdttee, presided.
'lbe agenda of t7to coo!'esmce iacludad the folloving p~robleme=
(1) saaitntion cooeegnenoee oP the rar end their eradicatim; (2) cerdio-
vwculsr disaases ae coaseeneacee of the ver and measures far heir control;
(?) tnborcnlcaie in the postvar pe:i~d; (4) cliaisal'couree, mouPbidity
CLASSIFICATION
1~ISTR18lIT10N tt
1
~~RICT~C
STAT
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 The opening epsecsh of the Cbaixmsu of the COnmittee, R.A. Semerehko,
Mob devoted to a brief report aa~ the status of tae study of the medico-
eanitation oooaegnsnass of the vet during the period eia;e December 19L6,
vlren the Becand Ail-linim Conference vas held. During this period. pro-
foand end broad work vas acoompiibhed on problems related to the btndy
of the mbdico-sanitation oaneequencee of the vary !n the U1~41ne and the
othex rspnblicb, ?epeoial?Jr thoso which had suffered the Fascist invasion.'
At the same time, the effects of war an medico-saai'tation conditions bo-
Dame the eub~eot of etady in Georgia and Armenia. Dwelling briefxy on
the aohiervemsnts sf individual sepnblice end oblas'ts in the eradlcatim a+'
the effects of vet, R.A..deasaehlco emphasized that cmbiderable work still
remained to be dme vhloh regnires immediate attontica, reterriag pri-
merily to the atndy of A~ogrgphic changes in the couatry. The speaker
also stressed the foot that, at the present mdabut, 'the attentim of
tpgienist9and o].inioista myat bo drsva to tho indireot efforts of r~ and,
1a this aanneotian the pawblan as organizing aid to bring about complete
therap~g and employment fast rlAa~abled vetetane of florid liar II vas an 1m-
par?tant praatioal teak. 8~tdgy o3 problems oT the medico-eenitatlan
canesquenaee of the war asd their sradieatian vas organized Sn a oanprs-
heasivs mennsr, sad interest Sa this work vas shared by eciaantifio workers
of TMriouer medionl specialties.
A.T. Sovalenok, Minister of Publio Realta of the Belarueeiea 89@, and ;."
M. Ye. Shnlrlman, Deputy-~fiaieter o! Publio gsalth oS the latrien 8~, efter
deboribing the destruotim Doused by the flermerae, disouesed methods of
restoring the public healta ayetem. The spea'nsre pointed out that, side
by aids ?ita the rehab111tatian pf medical instituticne, speotal attaatlan ;
ha. base given to the dersiopmeat of the epidemic eenitaLiaao argenizatian: '.<
Prad'eBSUr Ys. A. Delaryu Gave a regard oz "8anitatian-Daswl~rarphlc
Proow'see in tae Child Popnlataaa of Stalingx'ad Ding the IJAS~ and Postwar :.
Patriod."
Ia ].94g a eurvaq vas mde of the ptpeiaai development of 1,080 chit-
dreg endear school alga, tk~ 3 to 8 yearn old, end in 19b6 n second survey..'.`
.vas carried out far ills sense egos and Yor the same kindergertene. The
auoand survey showed ea ispravsment in oastipari,aon with the first, in all
egsa self is all inderae. This improvement vne merlfoetsd partioniarij+
i? the anrrs~ of the eeaos children. ~provemant sa, physical development
depended m the effeetivenesa of the saaitstim-hygienic mbesuree oaorried
aa- dailyf rot this reaeea it vas neoeseary tar the Dtl:siater of Rational
R6uoatim to isprove the level o? hygi.enia sduoat9.on fa teaehare xhc
var>< 6lreotl~ with children.
A.H. llezur. oandidats of ;bdical Sciences, gave n report "Qn tho
Pro~ea of the Oblaat'r 9enitatim $pgienia eurvery in Postwar Years."
The apsaker enggeated twat ens of thb moat important tasks vas to begin a
aas~rahenaive survey on a rayon~wlde scale, which ahouid luciude~ a
deaoriptiou as the reyan~a sauitatian eoc-ditlm; a ettnl' of various
faatore 1a the organisatica oP public Lealth is rayons and oblaste ~
oa~ysing progressive and bsokveurd rays; end a geneotsl evaluation of
publla health orgaoisatian in oonnsotian with the sanitstian canditim
a~f the population and the probieme of ftn~ther developmsa'I: is msdicai aid.
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By shone of en eaaurato aompllatian o$ collated analytioel surreys it vould be
possible to obeex^vo hov tha effeate of the tar ar eanitatioa verre being over-
. come in the variou~:rayaao,ead oblaeta ae n.rhole.
P.C. f~ar~eul', oaadidate od Medical 8ciencee~ gore en laloxastire talk
^Qs the 2teaaer of ~adioating the Canaequenoee of tha'Ider 3a Poland." 3~d
reform pla~-ed ar isepartaat role Sn elimiaatiag the effects oB the tar an
simitwt,7an ~ditloua 172 th?~ +!9r d~.ocratlc Falead. ?mJ farmea's received tro
is$113cai hscteras of ]apd, vhere 3gA,000 farms vats allotted.
Prover Poland vas as unfortunate eountsy e,aoaicdiag to the damo~'aphie data,
the birth rage dimlaishlxtg free year to ,year. Ohi3.d mortality vas rosy high sod
shoved no ei}gas of demrease in the period betresn 1930 and 1937? ?~e Oermoeas
imadere killed Eton six to seven mil7.iar People in P?land, ea:tasvctnatlag sot.
m~ the ednlt population bat also dops?ivina the Polish people of Their human poten-
tial by takitag axay all the healthy children sad esndiag then to Oermagy.
'fie epidemical coassgameea of the vat bosoms ovideat irm~ediate],T after
the ezpulei~ o' the Qax~seas. '.Cloy vets ehas'ecterimd by extremely large
typhus midi for the ellmiaatica of rhioh the Daiomratia Polish (ioveramsnt.
z7,~ hose cnd pa'avidsd ]ergs-scale aid for the populatim. Bert to typhus,
the;moet serious seaitatim omsequenoe of tho vat vas tuborculosie; figures Car
the uuabar of viotiae varied 8ram 3 to 7 Darceat oaf the yo~latim is Poland;
mss, ~ paroent aQ' those afflicted indicated positive ~aptass od ~anl?
!hs aodber cY beds, end 90 percent of the health ceutsrs rare deetrayedieooaar~
ArofMSae D.~. Qartin rsproaohsd tlr rspreseatstivsa of the Minis4lee of
Poblio 1Naith of Hsloorusaia sad Iaivia tar their poc4~ evaluatim of the xole a
ardioo?esaitatim lsgislatim cud iav is the erndicntim ad the medico-seniters
amsequeaoes opt than var. CampaLary ca,plieaos vith dsdsiooe of the local
Tea I~~? ~ e~rienoe of lbsco~r ablest ?.aaira'~ paa-sd thte, It is
aeoeseeay at this time to raise s gnNtioa regarding dnirabls isgie'latim m
pLmoiag apd pmopar ~aiaagament of rehebilitatsd agricaitural oaaamitiN. It
it e~psdieat to formulate a detailed stagy ad eanitatim ounesquauoes of the vat
siaulteaseasly vith the stud? os 8oriet medical pnanatloe dorlag Lurid idsr IL
fi.L. Oomei'skrpa (8-er8laRSky, in describlag t1-s types of hospitalised
t.1~.~IIaspitalized oaaes;.oo918 bs~.divlded~iato lh aoeologioal taa~ae, a 4a~ct at
special 1mportenoe far public health eathorities. 4hie established tit trend
Ued ~'~, end techaioal re4a4reQrate of mah sad sooty hoepitvi.
PradgOOr P.A~ 14wsbiamilwt eroggssted a psogrem of collated ana~Cioal
sm7ge ae one ad the teaks to be rndortekma seat. ib apAROVe tt,e DroJsat
Caittee 0a the Study of the Medico?Sraltatim Coasequaaoes at the Mar to
svca~~iad this.
tbo sdntion at a moos iaSae~tant argsoaisatYoaal qusstioa, aemely, the divisim
et aediaal laatitgtiaos into tae~porar,~ aaA peQSecMnt states. Ds the hostitute
far the 4?ganisatioa of Pu'bLic Beglth of the Acaudasy at lisdiaal 8oissiaes 'JB89,
a etieoial chart vas &4"ep~d foe a oae~.dey hospital regiotratioa, sad sutaitted.
RE~t~~l~~D .
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Za. 'L. ~oseaen pointed gut that the os-s?d~ hosldtal registratiao reorr-
rxnded would facilitate unoovariag true local omditieni and that LLs idea of;''
scab s~registraticQ ehonld,~b; .ell aiseae~ be suppacted.
Qisirssn 8sxsshko, is )ls oloeinf3 oPmo$r anphaeited the ema~moue impor^
tacos as 'She work carried ai ~ the !liaietr~ of Pub11e 8aalth a~i 8slo4tiesls is ?.'
rshabilitetsd medJoo-eaoitrtim ssteblisheente. gnt, is broedsaiag the scope
at these eatebliahmante, ?~: yen aaoeseara to improve the qun]:itetiae oonaide~ra=;
tieoe of the aervics, !mp?,?Y-e the equipseat ~!' hospitals by regule~~iag their ''
weak sad acceleratiag the :~eaefora~aticn iron poorly readored aid to batter ''i:
aanaged oarvice. It was ceceeaarT to aowidsr the rchabilitnted esteblieh-
esgusaow.
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=STAY
 naader obesareatiaaa. 2'he speaker attaahed lee? iaupax~?taaae to medioe-tion:
? Profeesar 16. A': Al'bov reputed m "1`ho Iatlnaasoe ad' ttie liar oaf the -gro_
poamigq at4d Clinitsai Coaarse od Cardic-nsouiem? Diseases." Aaoardiag to ths.
eex4a giroea b7 the speaker, daari>mg 1940 a?d ],q4b the ~orap~tiaa of Datia?tr
rth eiseesoe ad' the aa>rdio*asonl,ar system diffiaished i'r~ b.g tea 44 4 paar+ownC
seed tbs death rate iron those diseaaes, Tram d.~g to 5.b p~dlaxt. 7~ spsaka~r
. ~ that sepsis lea-ta ahosed an taesreaee tram 14.5 to 33 pamoaaat. 7Po the
oorAarss oat endocsrditis is 1940, rhe~ma4tia Seanar ooa~laiats rye pa'sd~oaias4t;
~, gglob oaardiso e~mptoles, artiauLns' de?sasratim vans rare9,' obssrtsd bast the
c?au?se ad' il}aeasee tae aamre serious Sn the ssnso of iY,aggear~ of rheaasatia
hasirt disease. tae also a sharp rieo in the anraheor essfew eaf as
is ~g40 they exieed ]b paro4at affi Sa 1946 3b.4 psrooat oi' ali oeadie.
eauloaa$eae' diseases. Ta 19166 r oasparatira "age ratio" for hyperteaio oases res
?mLebltadtsdt fear the ages betreea 45 and S5 it tae 32.5 peroea:t is ]y4C, bh
p4orortiat iz 194G.
liortal3ty from h?paartoaaia increased in oaapes?ieaaa eritlti 1940. 'il~s speaker
attached g>?eat iaespartmas to maaa eYesalnatioa ed blood prea+eure of adnlte sa
a paAopibilsatia maaaramo.
Pradseear A. 0. Teta,1'Dtsaam, ~ hie report "Qa the Iaf],neat~ce of the Nor
oaa; teas P!e?sgaaeaoy mad Caas::ee of Cardiasaeanlsr Diseases," dsfiaed aaaare e7paot-
'.7' the gaeetion of the gatieats tarsnag the predaminatiaa8 quarbsar od' '-
- toan#o oases and their c;aesifioatiaa a.aordlrrg to u?e, profeesioa egad esz.
A etloetirte eXeminatioa of a ooasiderabie group of the eArit popnlatioa of
Maaoor ixe 1945 (compared rich 19P9) rhovad aea increaae from 8 to 15.6 paobnt
la4 the pagroentage of lgpert~}olo oaeeea is the e~ge groap oast 40 as inoreaae
from Q2 to 33 perasat ras :4?aarded. Rho speaker noted !a passing that, Bide
b7 side rith rr,eveo"oh an tyyvrtoaia, it vas also acasesary to peg due atteatiaa `.
to hypotaaia, is., to enalyvA teas rhoLs ooigplez of dystanic aaaditione. tae
rgssloar ssoribed to foss of lwpertonis a miaiaRUm prassmrs o*er 8S sad a
ad>~ paresnare oror 140, t,j 750 dispeaearles~]r ~ 1943, br 1 Jeaunry 194b t!ss somber Lad reaoheA
1,6;8. The nnmbar of bode Sa hospitals and antitubercaloeix inuLit,~?tiaao in
;ob5 wsa 60 peraxst greater than is i9b0.
Aatituberoulosie sstablishmente rare restated quicki, in the Okraine,
oomerhat mate elorly in Belac'nssia. Tho gpceateet eartime arhieveswat wan
';'ns opening of a ne4rork of institutiaais to:isptove sanitation caaditiaas
 fear toberaular ohildroa .''?Soh enlisted pediatricians in the early diecwory
and crmtrol of ttdberaulosie. The increase in the somber, of vaccinations,. vhioh ;,.
reaahod 204,60E in 1945. each the antituberculoeib vaccination faa~ oldea~ ahiadaea,
vats of groat lmportanae~ At the sad of 1948 the liiaistry of Public $salth SiB~t
began to organize hospitals for tuberonlar veterans of ~iarld War II.
Hovevar, neither the qualitative nor. the quantitative aspects nP the fight,
egaiast tuberculoele xae ae yet oa a proper level. Mnay tuberesuloeis eatabliah-
meats ire liberated ob].aete were sot ae yet q~avided with suitable aooomaiatione,
the somber of 7C-ray msohines vas inadequate, the epeoialiets trere not tell
qualified in diseases allied to tubercaloaie, eepecial]y la the ear]' discovery
of tuberan9sar dieeeaea. Se?litatioa-epidemiological argeaizativas oor-osrned with
the caatroi a2? tnbarcnlosie vote oa2y loosely connected and atom progress wee
made is the reatarat9aa is the villages of modiaal sanitariums far pulmonary
tubarculoeYe.
In his report rm the "Peculieritios in the Course of Tubercular Alseaese
During the 61st sad :a the Postxar Period," based oa volnmiaoua cliaioai material,.
Froieeeor A. Ye. Rebukhin noted two eaves in tho'tubsrcular curve sad described
the gr'serity of the .:curse of these diseases. 8a stressed the necessity aR de-
creasing; desib sad ?acrbidlty rates ixbm tuberculosis is the first years after
a war, beasuee tbirP determiaae its dynamic fetes is tl+e future.
1t Se more neceswsary acv then ever befogs to face problems oP hou~tag sad
aourieh#wnt in the battle eogeiaet tubareuloeie in daily Life sad la iaduatry;
to provide recrea'tios, p$geibal anltrale and tool for eohaoi obildrea, The moat
important psractieal problsas isoiude early discovery of tuberauloaie, tims]y ,
hoepitalizatioe- u[ the edok, devslopmsat of prop~yls:ttic measures egaiast tuber-
onlosie ae an la.^eotioae disease.
Profeaeaar V'. A. Snkeoai.kov, in a report as the '~eculieritiea of ~ber-
an]sr Aftaotioae is Odessa i,a fire Postwar Period," shover: that the death rats
1~as ell forma at tubevoulosis iadioated a taadeaey to demeass is 1946, and .that
.the geesersl Sado=ss did sot reveal the ea~iatiag obeagsa in the death rate iron
tubea~anlasia is the yssrs of war sad after the libaratim of Odssea. Compered
wig 1g4~ the sveregs morbidity rate in 1946 vas loner ee a result of tea de-
areaees 3n the iadezes amens ahildrm up to 3 years oP eE;y sad Prom 12 to ig
years old. The taadegoate gnaratrtiae eysta~ sad leek of be3s tar germ-cerriare'
3nmsased ^.he da1.~c of un spldesia far the child population. Ae s rssnlt aB
the iateaeive reytaratioa a? the satitubercn].ar aetrack in 1947, antpatieat
dispeeaeaties rams opened fully, hoapitsl-type 1~eda 58 porr?at, oaaetarltm-~9pe ?`,
beds 50 percent: ~dmg prop>plactio mse~aures the spealosr gave first place to
Calmstte~e metb~d od veoooiaftion. The speaker disounsd living uonditi~,
still far cram eatiefaotacy, ead.the danger of epidesioe, iavsstigatim of whieh
he oauidered ~~ pa~ablamt inseparable ,from those of the whole entitubssoulosia
ae~ges-lestim.
Doosnt L. 3. Pil*~ea~ak3li in a report on "The t7ealtatim Coneequevves cf
the 144r and the Oconpetion !a Reiatim to Tubsrouloeis in lPiar'loov,? gnus a
olea?~ picture of the deetractim of its antltubaroWossa aargeniiatian wroag'6t
by tbs fisrdaga .
'11~bsrouloeie diepmsea Ses bsgea to functim in l~kb 1>mediats7y aftapc the
.tiberatim of >mer'koe, bat es this trork had sot bees sdsZaately eeslnated the
apsedOSr teas able to give only dispeasstJ data ahawiag the mot'bi33ty, rate !keen
aotlve foeios of tuoerc+riooie. IIsing lO0 for 144, hs found tbs auedses~ of regie-
t9rsd patients m >yi-5 to bs 91.1 percaett; is '1946, 98.9 peroe?t. The moe:Mdity.
rate !ae positive pulax~oary tuberaaloels 1n 1946 szrx~ded the 1939 rats by
18.2 peeoetat. The propartim of men elbowing positive eps~toss o1 the dipaase
var+ hAgher then that ~f vomea. The death rate astmg bacillary ptients, cos-
pared with 1939, shored a sharp rise l0 1944; in 19ks it vas sas,evhat lover;
still le~sr :In 1Q46, bat highw .titan 1n 1939..
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Aa inveetigatioa rsr^Sod out by the speaker to determim the cheagee is
tubaronlar cease in a rural populatim, ahwed that the nemuber of cease had
doublsd is 1g46 in comparison rith 1933, 'mss demanstratee tho lncreeae aP
?atl nta_ rnrr?nt ?stave af-ta~lmnx~v tubarcu10e1e c?ena+eed r$t4r those 3n t11ae aP
~ 1942-1943, ae a result of aonditione crested by the Occnpatim, thore
ems s voa9 high death rata emoag thoeo enfieriag trce~ tubarrcnlaala, mast of
.them erora seriously ill, and rho, at the time of the mesa evacuatim, rare
not is a poaitian to leave tore ~ ga to the aeareat rural reyyaae. 9~seo
eiok people iaevitatgly tease vietime of the Ooesupatiun regime.
tatioaa C~eequmeasa of the tier in Relative to 7laberculosie is 7,esaiagrad end
Maeetta:ee four T;isdioatim," stressed the moarbidity rate of the populatim of
Leaia~tad Wader ter and blockade caadititme, then too oempositim of the
populatiaar varied c~siderab]y ae to age sad sax, sad the amditim of the
pwpulatiea- dsteriorsted ~&arplq due to Iack of food, transport, etc. By
the eeesoed hnlf of 1941 a esaneiderable inraseee tae noted is the death rate
of the population from tuherouloaie which reached its m~e~c3moaa in 1942. is
the !Stet half of 1944 a datu'eaee already had been abeeaevad. Due to an
iateaeive campaign Pear improvemsmmt Ya hbueiag, living conditiaae, end. in '
aclurisamaat, and to government era of the Leningrad population, the mor-
bidity of tuberculoeie tea lorea~ Sa 19116 than at the beginning of 1941; the
moa:tality rate el~o docliaed and approached the pserer level.
The authors of the xvpart considered uafoartutrsts, the question about
the trailing of practianl aurees, for rhea, evideat;,y, no proper paovieSme
dispeosariee. the latter forgot that it tae real]y nlm these aurees that
'the quality of the Dare for the sick depended Sa moray reepeate. Much attar-
tim should be davcri?ed by the thole medical aetrcak, through ooapreheasive
madioo-aeai'tRtiem meaeuraa~ to Lhe oerly dieaoraor>' ad tuberesulosiej !a vhiah
as Sapo~tont role should bs played by inetitutims for infest sad mateaaity
enllere slave oompoceheolai~s vacoinatian of aerbeuvt Infante dupende primeari>,y
wpm fosse iaetitutiane.
ltedioall 8cieaoe, sad H. A. Mayerkov ahoued that these basis 9seeures can-
elated of enlisting all Public Bsaith notraarks end a pearoea 1-7-perem
7sooiae,ticn aacaaMing to Calmette'e method. !.t t6i2 pa~eeaat time 90 geroan!
of the aerbaa;~n era already Saoluded. In the oa4y disoovsry of disease an
Ltipaa.~-t role aeo ba Fle!yed by gronp ohsea~vatiano of the populatim.
'llnberoaleor patisntu, bsought to ,light through such obeeocvatiane, at+s e~?
treme]y dangerous 3a sn epideo11oa1 seneo. The queartim at quereatiae is
also of primary importanos in the oantx~ol of tuba?~onlosia as an infeatiaus
dieseae. 1b loran tae atmber of gaamn carriers artificial pasumothars~
could bs ridely used.
~ tas
li. A. Slebancwy 1`ootor of liedtcal sciences, suggested that, in spits
of the diffioultiee 3n living ocaditiw-e, especially is the obl.es'te rhiah
tae rayon soviets, to find resources iaa? inq~oriag seaitatim omditiaoa is
tabaroua~nid7.. .a the isr,~oeemsat ra4rk ea important role tae played, e>Rd.
ahouLd be pl~ped by prcottezsl. aureee, rho yuoyld bs accorded the emus status
~r. aeeietaate tc ae~nitatian physicians,
>s. L. Avgueherieh, osadidate ae[ Radical Scianaea, pressated data of
en iaaeetigstian in one of the tonne of the lloeoor ablest theta all ~+sgnisita
!eet8oda end msea-s, iaoladi>ag fluaroeeap~, veze eppllsd in n parser by-person
earemination of the poy~ulstim a? tae tcva in order to discover tubercalar
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aeons. They newly discovered caress numbered 38 patoent in relation to patlentB
~ p:ztiente saes catiDperatiee~ emrall; ";
?
e
l
tf
~
'
percont
8 9
of
thoao
ound to be
affeato
Thorou~'u mesa imrestigations, ao
matter what or
ganizetioaai difficulties had to by surmounted in the xork,
would be ful]y justified by the discovezy of early forme of tuberculosis.
M. I. Oyfadakh, Doctor oP 2~11ca1 Scrieacss, considered tuberatxloeis one
of the moat grievous esnitatlon coneequencee of the war. The greatest poesiblo
active participation of all eanitaticn arganl.zaticae is carryi>;rg out prophy-
lactic measures in the oentrol of tuberculosis Se iridiepaaeable. Yt ie also
necessary to place the discovery sad medical treatmmat of tubeaccnlar caaoe on
e largo-scale basis in rural localities.
The Chairmen, I4. A. 3ameshko, in his alasing epeeoh, pointed out drat the
prevalence of tnberaular coons among men, in eomparise? xith woman, was not
a biological peculiarity, of the maalcr o-g~riam. There ie na paocf that women
sae more immune to tnberculoeie then man. The question cenrwt be solved by
atatistic:r. Clinical phyaiaiaas will hmve to solve it ..; It moat be roCCg,vgienic factors brought abOUt the high rata of tuberculosis in
the morn populatiaa, and sot biological factors. 'dies most important orgeni??
national ruoetion:far the solution of psobloms in the Control of tubarcnlssis
1aCludgs gttnrezrt3ng for gc:~ c.:,rric?e; ecoura-Le rag-detratfnn of canoe; vxe-
?~utioa of speaiai entiepide:nic nreaeerees, rcarti+culsr7.,q disinfection. The
voice oB eoaperto oa, tuberculosis ehouid bo heeded in providing a housing
program. Authorities of local agate could do mush thtongh epociei inetruo-
tio~ne that xould be of particular value in faoili4atiag rho solution of cca..-
trol of tabarculvais in tho villtegv.
Every antituberculosis argeufvaLioa should bear in mind the road it hnd
traveled in the years oi' ecoisliet cone~rrcticn, end remember that it *ras
the_ tr>tbvrculosie orgeaizntioae xhioh were the piaereere in the diegeuasry
In hie opening epeaoh devoted to the problem of scientific reaeeerch wort
is the field of csaeer, considered as s eenitatian consequence of the xar,
ffight be v~laiuod, f:trtt of ell, b7 the destruction of the aetxork of onaolog-:
ical ipetitutions xhiah prevented regietratioc~ end trsatma~st of caaoe whoeo
l
ives might ha:ly been prolonged had they received groper attention during rho
first yoere off the xer. During the ear, there xao as iacreaee !a the nuomrar
of applications far treatment an the part od oeea~r patieute !n a neglected
statv,'rhich ia4Peded medical aid, depseially difficalt in Doses of neglocted
foa~me of cancer. Reoote ccoaegaeaose of the ear relating to cancer could be
late repartiag eiaoe a protracted latent period pQ'scedee maligaeat nawg'~ssm.
This bad been demonstrated tat aa7,T cliniealt}r, but mien by statistical reeearrh,'
es~pesiallq Sn thx field od prafeeaioe-al hygiene. Thin lntemt period in paosane.
~ last ilom A to 10 years. a fact corroborated b9 inveatigatione of the rise
aR ceaoer esrang phyeioisaw xorking in Z~q rooe-s sad etleo by the iaoreasa in
lam, aitea' Karld Fier I, Sn the nasbar of oases of gild caaoer. The egaeker
did net feel drat hie theeea xems ccoclueiveYy oorrobara~+d by clinics, eucpsa~i-
mente ~ eta't?etice; then nnly mrksd the path Par a oc>trpreheneice aoientific
aweeeeroh method xorkin@ oyt, the problem of asnoer oaosidsra8 ae a medicn-
vanitatioet omutequemoe of the xar, rhioh danbtle9e would have grant praatiaal
eignifiaance in aaebatiag maligaept neoo7~eree.
In a report on "ihs D.iflnenoe of F'orid Her II as Mo2'~idity end Dt+ath I2atos
mom Cracsr end tie Diraenice of Antioencer A4ethodo in Leningrad," Profesaer
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l
RE RICTED
A. A. Lpshteia, li. P. ~aokhovskeya end iy. 9. dVagnlbeda braugbt forward data
of 20 yearn on'tho remote"effe'etu of medidnl treatment of 'the meyas foame'of'
applications fns treatsent sad the early diagnosis of canner of the internal
cu'Hans
Dancer in the d+tcologiael Institute of tbs Aceden44 of l4edical '8oienoes. '!base
effects depended chiefly m .the state of the disoaee. ?% those treated xhi'ao
in the first a~ia@ps, 53?~ pennant vAre coneidesed arroeted cease for oven 5
years; is the second stage, 7.3 percent. In the pastvas period tha ntat+ea^ of
ttegieated forme of cancer incroased, eopecially cancer of the stomach, a fact
r-hiah is esplaiaed by the lack of atten~L?lon paid to health by the Ieninga'ed
populatim during the Mnr, especie.lly 1a i:he de`ya of the blockade. ffi the
blockade period, the death rate frm,aana4~r deoreaeed; in the postver period
it roan again but thla rise vas m>,y oetenatible, ae it coincided xith 'tats
espaneim of onaological centers end vas Sa basic ap~?eement xith the iaarsneed
for publicity regarding aanacx prophylsaia r,~d preventim ~^ thm trtrttsitim of
Dseaenoer co~::itime i;o canoeR?ous affectioac , Nldeepread eauitstiaa education
ad' the popultstim did not cause apprsheaeion by arousing ertraordinnry feor of
aertosr. 8eaitatian-edaontional cork in ttte :'ight against Dancer necee~itated
the aalistsent of doctors in xamea~e ccvtevitEtim afficee, end the staff of ,;
the Red Crone end the Red Crescent. It bee bs9n prbpaeed to enlist yotmg
people in the antlaanaer fight, end eepecia3ly, to gixe school children in ad-
In hie report m "8euitation l9ducatic7 in the Fight Against Canner !n
Poatver 3oere," L. 8. 8ogolepova shoved that the nature of antieenoes propa-
ganda xes deterntirasd bJ the eimultaueoue acbievemen~e of Lhe medics! soieacee,
'ia partiouler, o! maology., Tn eeonsctim uith the fact that aliniaal physi-
eiene era aarkiatg m the prorlsm of "gr?eoan~:ar" Conditions, a treed has arisen
The anthers of the report attached ;scent lmpeuHtance to ~aeophylectio
e~emoiaationa by vhioh it xas possible to graeervP.th~ quality of profouatd
research, and at the same Clan die~ose t,~o case thus providing eery ,
therapeutic intervention.
eesiee of illnesses xlth leueosse, The sort~dlty rate in taberaulosis, in
pastianlnr, shoved xithatt doubt en ircrenae in xartimes, end thin may be
attr:bated to the dsxelopaemt of leuoosia.
Professor iQt. Hh. YLedoe; in hie openltiF; re?arks~ three light upoh 'the'
problem od' tuvora of the blood produalag orgnte and Choir place !n the study
of tbs cancer pa~oblaea. Hs enphasiu+d that npin~ozisately the same conditiacs '.
ezieted to Lhs rise aR lsuooeea end of oacaex. Wertiaa Conditions ffig1Y Don
tribute to t'hs rise e? psovooatipe faotosn, ns a re~eult of ~hfoh thence sight
eYen be ea incroaee in the frequency of :nai~uemaes of a combination of a ebole
saoaapanied by xidespmaad propaganda. 61noe 19,48, tharo bad bean s~ente~+ is
the U$ public health departaent a csttoer inetitate, headed by a ffilitarr-
ProSeeaor A. iP, Rabnkia gave sn illusiaating accoemt of the problem c?
oaltQaP it; Yorrtgn ~oonatriee. The. tl~tt against canner Sn Amesion xaa
Ia >mgl,aoid, eiaoe 19?3, there has beam a spaniel oaneultatlce m. aittse
fns the fight against cancer sad in "aro gren? centers a unitisd gvtam of
n+egiatrstlm has been ecslxrd oquipnenta +.hne e~L.t'7,~ guaraatesing their ertfioleoaP. ~~ l~divid-
~r hp.pitale.
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of poroathesie; kineplB;etio operatlaas had'1sd BurgeoceB '~o the idea. of
contarolliag prosthesis by the aid'af the muscles. To th? hcaoj.? of Soviot
master proBthetic surgeons, it Should be Bail t4;at they had ach3evod groai.
auaaeae;.in the canatraotioa oY proetlaetic agpllances is cwnplicatsd multlplo
fuaotion of the muscleB by aid of siicilar tiBBUea. -The speaker eFiovod that,
in hie practice, eca attmnpt to leugthsn tho limbs had Berea fully ,ustified;
attezmp?~s ware being made to leagthoa stumps far more comfortable utillzatioa
laothocl aS fracture reducticn.by the aid of metal plates.
o]. vhe method ease in asses ~ earlSar iafoativa; he preferred thiB Swiot
me3thod ae3 more effective blvlogical~y and clinically than the American
tits of the aabstitute am dead bane, eBpecial~q in thcae Deese where theta
waB need not on7~ of fixation, but also of materials or stimuli 1'en? ro-
geagration. Together with his co-waskerB, in war years and is the postxar
porivd, the speaker had proved theoretically end verifiod practicailp a now
method of infra-ostra-medullary osseous plastics, proving fiche effectiveness
a fanc?tion ant arely as a problem of great teohaical importance, but also of
acrr?Sou3 practical sigsificacve. After Stating is 8etail the theoretical
mpacts of hie original cancept of the rehabilitation proceaB in bvnoB, ti:e
Bpeakat Bald he preferred trenBp}.antatioa of living bone;.an auto-transplanta-
~. D. Chakl.in, Correapondiug A7smbar of the Academy, in hie roport
wn "Rol~abil4tation 8urger.;~, ,and Pros~taem2? in tho Eliminat2e>n of PactwcL*? .
general ae:thopedic sod cliaieal neannres rather than operation as the s4fwcte
nerve b: uak.
Rb a issuer degree they~e concat~sd with the yuroplLylaxis of the Beoondery
prooeBSee vhioh aaoeplicated tae trenma. ~iov, nove~er, flee tandeaoy fe to-
varde the oliffiaa+tim a~ ali defeutB of all flee e~ltiee, tarrar4B campre- ,
h?neive av.Tdliary nsaem~ee; therefaae the ~oa.~oritir of then 4ntieate 'need
ASE. nu aP;ection oP the whole functional system--the e:tremitiee es a -Whoia,.
and, is this eyetea the in,~us7 of the serve formed ca7~ sae of the neaaerouB
lixeka eBeWiatSd xith the functions Of file oxtreaal.tieB (Ignatov). IIet:co-
eurgeoue in the first period of the war vets conoeresed vitl~ restax~atian oY
the aom3uctivity of th6 ia~uree nerve, sad segmeratioa vP the carve truck.
oral igeorves of ASBabled Veteraue," announced the results of examination of
24 percent is the first aonthe of 1947.
D. fi. ~uchanlm, candidate of Medical Sciences, in hie resort "Oa
as 4mprovement in 60-65'perceaf., en& achisxed sfgaificaat imptrnaobsnt in
40.45 percent. Furthermore, diecita.gcd patiant0 of the third rises, 25-
30 peraeut, xei+e 4noluded Ia productive lobar sad Yept a~ vc~rk,?'ia the
BBCOad group there vets va]y 10 percent of each patients om the liatB aead
habilitatim Therapy for Frotrsate3 Forme of &ouropBychopathic xnvalidi?e,"
baae8 hie obaervatiaas ca 1,000 critical cases under treatment in the MoBCav
?eychoneurological Military Hospital. The processes of medical treatment, ,
nark, sad the eduaetive urasuree appiiel in the military hospital pa~oduce8 ;
hie talk with a aeries of very cvavinciag demonetrntioae.
In in~uriee of the opine sad the Bpiasl cc?~d, the attention of pl49eiciane
wao aonceatrated chiefly an trophic e~atptame sad bedBOree, dieturbanoee of
the Bphiacter ar detrueor urinal and parnlprsea. In this period, hoezevar;
pro_aer ca~thopedio maeburee play en impoe,taat pert. In the Bpeaker~e ?11n1c'
operative interveetion is eimil.er in,~uriee is carried nut not an tho spinal '
card but oa the periphezy; this pirocedure, worked out oa a seriesezf patieate,,
both adults Bnd children, gone eatiefactary reeultB. The speaker illuetratod,
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RE ?ffi~
Participating In Bdot!ld tier IZ," 2n. I.. Oreesaoan, omndidats of dyediaal f3olencee,, .
served in the xar from the invalidism of men. Aa the basis tar a dstai].ed'
study of the oanees and t~ypee oaf invai.idiest emayg vaebn participants fin the
war, the epeeleer thought that medical standards for aoeepteace of xaaem,in
war service should be reccweidered, ?l:aking into eccormt their whole seasatic,
Jtelbats~e
A. M, t3ladahta?n, oendidate of Mrdical Boieacee, ?ave as ncaount d
the result obtained in Moeaov in 1946 by the dispensary method for disabled
Cent. Seventy-ei7C paxdsut rare is need rf mediosl treatment. It vas
escsstaiasd that there wee ~m luoreeea is the nmabar of patients in tho
third group who xez+e able ?;a nark and a decrsaea is the first end eecmd
veterans regiete#+sd in the city. J?iaguoetic data received in 1946 rare
compared xith similar data in +fao eetabli.ebmeat of fnvalidiem. Pbr a mare'
pratourd treatmmnt of the maths. 3q,000 inveetigatiase xere registered on
epsciaA chart's, at vhiah 8$.9 percent relates to xoaads and cmtueicas nub.
11.1 percent to diebaees. Zn the aeeand immveetigation it rna sham that
oets~elitie had dearsaead t~ 3q paroant,naohealing altars to 3~ percent,
vhilz oontraoti.ana_eud rest;.:otiane of moveeb~nt En ?he ~ointa iacreaeod to
6q paroernt. an$ylaeis to 2~ percas~t,defeativs fracture reductiau to 3g par-
surgery rehehilitutias sb~xld Z+e, not a hospital tar rehebzlitatioa opera-'
fleas, but an 3aetitntia, far the restaratim d hedltb and working .
oepaoity of patients. A~oarding to data cram investigaticos obtaiasd nt
lbsear, the Quality of t'u medical treatment was not parfeet: a eooand
operation vas rognired Z~ 72 pez.iant of the vane. f3iagioal trertitmeot of
stoops after emp>~-tation 4eu also far fray perlscL; i~. S4 percent the
nsasgity far a asaond vlrarstiat also erase. Old cases a2 oetegogelitis rears-
ohareAteriesd by eolero,ee, to vhioh the aolsrotfo Knees, although apparently
a ripimdid bsrtrlar ega?nst intectiane, xspacesantsd, et the eam time, en
inert osseous mass vh'ah possessed no rsgsaez~ativ~e xarkiag cnpaaity. The ''
rmsstidactory result of operntiaas on eturmpe fe explained by the iaadsQuate'
treatment of the aaa~es, sltho~Kgb the method previouelrv p?ropoeed b7 tba
8urdenko ACaAaav xes var9 dfsetive sad shasld base been appLted is prrsxtios
A esooad prob].am i r tae treatment of et~pe wee tLa slirfrintiaa of scare r
which did not peir:t the aonsct nos o:' prosthesis. The cloeeat possible
oannaotiat should bs setnblished between military rebnbilitntic+u hoopitale
end inetitntee fin prosthetioe.
the rswlte of a c?pliaated iaveatigatfan, conducted under the supervision
of Psoteeaor :[. G. Rutanov, of 240 dianblad referees of the xar, 66.6 per-
faestitutiane.
Ar Rabaneke~a vpmt eves tine an probl~oe ad the crgauirstioa or vark
and vorkiag a.~agearr