STATISTICAL DATA ON THE CHINA LAND PROBLEM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 13, 2011
• Sequence Number: 45
• Publication Date: March 18, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
STAT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
STATISTICAL DATA ON THE CHINA LAND FRCBLEM
[Cowaent: This report presents 14 statistical tables showing
cultivated, noncultivated, and wild land in the provinces of China
as reported in Chu -l:uo T'u-ti Wen-L''i Chih Tung-chi Fen-hsi
(Statistical Analysis of the China Land Problec: published by the
Cheng-chung Shu-chu, July 1y41. These tables were prepared by the
Directorate of Statistics, Directorate-oeneral of Budgets, Accounts,
and Statistics, Nationalist government. Primary sources cited by
the directorate have been retained as i'ootnotes in this report.
Table 1. Land Area and Cultivated Area in China
(in sq lan)
Land Area .
Cultivated Area
rovince
G-
18'7
;
19,
8
(1
2
6
Ls:~d Cultivated
,
,
9
9-193
)
~, of total land)
---
Kiangsu
110,285
56,864
~~
>1.56
Chekiang
104,03'(
27,7'72
26.6
9
Anhwei
140,687
48,752
34,65
kCi~n~si
1'73,089
28,893
16.69
Hupeh
186,364
43,000
p3,07
Hunan
205,5y1
33,471
16.28
Szechwan
431;~Uy
103,632
24,03
Sikang
371,6
-_
I{opeh
141,020
72,755
51.59
Shantung
147,486
66,967
4j.41
Shansi
156,420
48,586
31.06
Horan
162,390
65,666
40.44
Shensi
187,424
30,418
16.23
Kansu
391,506
1'7,445
4.46
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Province
Land Area
187 -1 38
Cultivated Area
(1.929-1936)
Land Cultivated
(96 of total
land)
Tainghai
697,194
5,205
.
0.75
Ilikien
]18,738
14,063
~?,g4
Kwangtung
221,307
27,326
12.35
Kwangai
218,924
18,329
8.37
Yunnan
403,E
17,477
4.33
Kxeichow
179,478
15,449
8.61
Liaoning
321,823
46,739
14.52
Kirin
283,380
52,186
18.41
Heilungkiang
449,623
40,759
9.07
Jehol
192,430
17,100
g,8cj
Chahar
278,957
10,351
3,71
Suiyuan
347,529
11,391
3.28
Ningxia
274,910
1,231
0.45
Sinkiang
1,828,418
9,942
0.54
Mongolia
1,621!201
__
.__
Tibet
1,215,788
__
Total
11,562,588
931,769
8.06
8,353,999*
931,769*
11.15*
*Note; Excludes Western Tibet, Mongolia, and [Eastern?] Tibet
Table 2. Wild Land and Arable Wild Land in the Various Provinces
? (1934 Record*)
Province
No of Reports
Wild Land
(~, of total land)
Arable Wild
Land (N oi' tot.11
wild land)
Arable Wild Land
(~, of total land
in the area+t+F)
Kiangsu
117
12.2
20.0
2.44
Chekiang
38
y?8
19.5
1.91
Anhwei
59
12.C
34.8
4.18
Kiangsi
29
17.9
28.5
5.10
Hupeh
23
17.8
39.2
6.98
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Y wince
1 -.
No of Reports.
Wild Land
(~.of total land)
Arable Wild
Land (~ oP total
wild land)
Arable Wild band
($ of total land
in the axea+!-~)
Hunan
41
22.5
50.9
u.45
Szechtaan
65
16.7
~,9
3.82
Hopeh
410
12.0
26.2
3.14
shantung
182
16.9
36.9
6.24
Shansi
138
13.8
27.7
3.82
Ronan
138
11.5
26.3
3.02
Shensi
68
19.7
23.0
4.53
Xanau
27
17.8
15.8
2.81
Tsinghai
13
18.0
43.0
7.74
Fukien
25
20.8
46,7
9.71
Kvangtung
38
16.2
48.5
7.86 .
xvangsi
50
17.2
17.9
3.08
Yunnan
28
20.0
50.0
?10.00
Kveichov
22
21.0
33.0
? 6.93
Chahar
8
75.0
57.0
?42.75
SuiYuan
1G
4
3
.5
57.1
'19.70
Ningxia
3
53.3
21.7
?11.57 '
Total
1,532
19.1
23.3
6.36
* Source: Ch -kuo Nu -ts'un She hui Chi -chi (Ghina!s Rural
Social Economy , by Ch'iao Ch i-ming, Chapter pp 66-68 [date not
given]
Total land area includes wild and cultivated ]and as recorded in the
various ch'u and city reports
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Table 3. Data on Cultivated Land, gild Land, Arable Wild Land, and.Water Sur-
face Compiled From 20 Provinces and 147 Hsiens (1929-1933)*
Crop Region
Ho of Hsiena
Investigated
~ of Cul-
tivated Land
'~ of Wild
Land
Wheat belt
61
64.9
35.1
Spring xheat
belt
9
19.4
80.6
Spring xheat ead
millet belt
20
52.6
47.4
Winter xheat and
kaoliang belt
32
85.5
14
5
.
Rice belt
86
51,3
X8.7''
Yantze rice and
xheat belt
23
71,4
28 6
Rice and tea
belt
Szechvan rice
belt
25
18
39.6
79.2
60.4
20.8
Double-cropping
belt (rice)
9
18.7
81.3
S
th
ou
vest rice
belt
11
16.9
83.1
Average
147 (total)
-57.0
43.0
of Arable, ~ , of
Wild Lend slater Surface
3.4
4.6
9.1
0.8
1.9
2.5
2.3
6.9
16.2
5.9
25.9 3.0
10.7 5.4
*Sourca~- Utilization of Laad in China, by Baker, Chapter 2, pp 38-39 [date
Table 4. Arable Wild Land of China's Provinces (193oy 1833):
? ' ' ( i'a $titlg=mou [abo`ut 100' sq m ] )
y.1~)x
1930**
Province
No of Hsiena.
Area
No of Hsiens
Area
Klangau
24
946,096
35
328,000
Chekiang
44
588,005
35
14,000
Anhxei
6
101,757
37
2,040,000
Kianr3si
12
15,041
42
1,Cvv,vvG
Hupeh
29
931,099
9
596,000
Hunan
51
5,~7,?83
8
1,000
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
1 33*
193ow*
Province
No of Hsiens
pr, ea
No of Hsiene
Area
8zechvan
17
2,282,508
__
_
Sikang
--
--
--
8
1;450,000
Hopeh
52
29,525,336
6
__
Shantung
eu
27,924
65
36,948,000
Shansi
62
2~, ~9
105
_ _
Honan
50
796,926
72
23,000
Shensi
26
413,092
--
--
Kansu
9
368,456
--
Tsinghai
10
221,211,709
--
--
F1,icien
9
29,964
14
6,000
Kwaogtung
8
16,080
14
59,000
Kwangsi
53
1,453,394
--
__
Yunnan
79
1,067,348
__
__
Kweichow
23
337
428
g
,
59,E
Liaoning
27
177,299,730
6
14,256,000
Kirin
17
71,597,070
27
--
Heilungkiang
29
344,621,193
53
1,296,581,000
Jehol
7
8,598,528
4
26,210,000
Chahar
14
2,291,343
4
__
suiyuan
15
27,611,167
9
~ 21,896,000
Ningsia
3
553,7
--
__
Sinkiang
41 -
1,971,339
6
42,000
Total
745 -.
X0,692,192
567
1,401,509,000
+tSqurce: Nei-cheng Kung-pao (Ministry of Interior Bulletin), Volume VIII,
fto 22, 1935, PP 257-416
'x'K'Source: Nei-cheng Nien-chien (Ministry of Interior Yearbook), Chapter 8 (D ),
nn 491-493 [date not given]
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Table 5. Estimate of Percentage of Arable Land Not Yet Cultivated in the
Various Provinces
Province
of
Total prey
~~u(*1)
2.44
Chekiang(*1)
1.91
Anhwei(*1)
4.18
Kiangsi(*1)
5.10
Hupeh(*1)
6.98
Hunaa(*1)
11.45
Szechwan(*1)
3.82
Sikang(*2)
Hopeh(*1)
--
3.14
Shantung(*1)
6.24
Shansi(*1)
3.82
Honan(*1)
3.02
Shensi(*1)
4.53
Kansu(*1)
2.81
Tsioghai(*1)
7.74
Fukien(*1)
9.71
Kwangtung(*1)
7,8E
Kwangsi(*1)
3.08
Ywman(*1)
10.00
Kweichow (*1)
6.93
Liaoning(*3)
Kirin(*3)
__
Heilungkiang(*3)
Jehol(*4)
Chahar(*1)
__
42.75
Sui;~uan(*1)
19.70
Ningsia(*1)
x-.57
Sinkiang(*5)
Outer Mongolie(+f6)
Total
Area (in Kung-mou
(about 100 square meters])
26,909,540
19,871,067
58,807,166
x,271,890
130,082,072
235,401,695
164,760,038
56,187,500
44,280,280
92,031,264
59,752,440
49,041,780
&+,903,072
110,013,186
539,628,156
115,294,598
173,947,302
67,428,592
403,680,000
124,378,254
104,840,000
1,192,541,175
x,532,130
318,070,870
2,836,779
430,000,000
7,009,565,706
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
(*1) Taking the percentage of arable wild land as reported by the Central Agri-
cultural Experimental Office sa the percentage of arable land not yet cul-
tivated, the total land Brea of Table 1 is used to estimate the arable area
as indicated.
(*2) The area of arable land which has not been cultivated in the 31 hsiens of
Sikang is estimated according to a 1930 publication by the Ministry of
Interior on the area of arable wild land.
(*3) This estimate is~taken from Frederick V. Field and Wang Ch'eng-tau. Wang
translated Field s book A General Economic Estimate of the Nations of the
Pacific Ocean Area. According to Chapter 2, page 7, the arable area of
Kirin, Heilungkiang, and Liaoning is 30,100,860 hectares.
percent of the arable land was actually cultivated. This meanslthat ~ 9
percent remained uncultivated, constituting an area of about 1,658,9835860
kung-mou or area.
(*4) The area of arable lard which has not yet been cultivated in the 16 hsiens
of Jehol is estimated according to a 1930 publication of the Ministry of
Interior on the area of arable wild land in the four hsiens of Jehol.
(*5) The area of arable land not yet cultivated in the 59 hsiens of Sinkiang is
estimated according to the 1933 publication of the Ministry of Interior on
the area of arable wild land in the 41 hsiens of Sinkiang.
(*6) This figure is based on information in Meng-ku Wen-t'i (The Mongolian Prob-
lem), by Wang Chin-lan, pages 96-97? This book states that the culti-
vated ]and constitutes about one percent of the arable land in Outer Mongo-
lia. According to the chapter on the border economy of Outer Mongolia,
in the 1936 edition of Chung_kuo Ching-chi Nic+n r, ~
Yearbook, by the Minist ien Chins. s Economic
Mongolia is 43,000 hectaresf IFromtthis, the arablealandlnot yetOculti-
vated was estimated to be about 43U million kung
-mou or Ares.
Table 6. Utilization of Land in China
National Estimate*
Estimat
F
Type of Land
Area s km
e
rom E1 t Rural Areas+~-~
Area sq km a'T~
Cultivated land
931,769
8.1
950,282
27.0
Grazing land
1,657,600
14.3
161,900
4.6
Forested land
975,093
8.4
306,202
8.7
Others
7,998,126
69.2
2
101
189
,
,
59.7
Total
11,562,588
100.0
3,519,564
1ao.o
* Source for area oi' cultivated land is Table d; area of grazing land is
according to an estimate by Chen Ch'ang_[last character illegible]; area
of forested land is according to an estimate of Ministry of Industries
in Ching-chi Nien-chien (Economic Yearbook), 1934
** Source ds Utilization of Land in China b
, Y Baker, Table 6
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
o
M ~
m .?x~
N .-1
O p
~"~ N
ti ~ -* O
M p ~ O
rn ~
N
~ O
O O O
-7
O
\O ~
~
ti
m
O
M ~
~
CO
~
t+l
.7
b
:.~ ~
N
~
'
M
~
~
~ ~
N
N ~
N
~
,p
."~-I
C
~
Q~
"~ N
O
~
~
N
~
~ v
~
N
~p
~
~
N
~ Q
O
W
~
M
~p
r-
~
r20 k7
.-1
C
I N
.
-~
N
~
~
f9
Z C:I
~
~
.-d
~
'~-I .~-1
N
b
N
~
.-{
C
N
~
?`~
M
W
e
.^a
~
a. ~ .
~
?'
"
t0t
50
m
a
k
U
6
bC
W
t~
~
~
c~
~
~
ti ~ ~
m ~
crf ~+'~ m
~ o
N O
O ~
N m
o O ~D
~ O N
N Gil
8
c o
N .-i O N 8 ~ GT\
O th O ~ O O ~
~ ~
~ ~
M
~ N
~ O
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
~Ad,Joins pn~e 10 here.J
~ _J.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Table 9. Total Crop Area and Food-Crop Area in China's Provinces
Province
'~ of Total Cultivated
Area Devoted to Cropa*
~, of Total Crop Area De-
voted to good Crops+~
Kiangsu
164
(167)?-r
77
Chekiang
]27
(152)
87
Anhwei
135
(145)
82
Kiangsi
122
(115)
82
Hupeh
144
(151)
~
Hunan
102
(146)
84
Szechwan
129
(__)
86
Hopeh
119
(123)
83
Shantung
133
(144)
73
Shansi
l09 (lol)
91
Ronan
137 (155)
81
Shensi
123 (~)
84
Kansu
102 (--)
93
Fukien
114 (205)
91
Kwangtung
144 (--)
95
Krrangsi
-- (124)
__
Yunnan
1.23 (__)
86
Kweichow
109 (__)
86
Liaoning
97 (__)
75
Kirin
98 (--)
b6
Heilungkiang
97 (__)
68
Jehol
98 (__)
88
Chahar
96 ,
91
Suiyuan
91
94
Ningxia
99
95
Sinkiang
of
_
~
* Source: Chung-kuo Nung-yeh Kai-k'uang Ku-chi, by Chang Hsin-i, 1932
** Alternate figures in parentheses are taken from reports of the Land
Committee [Note: Percentages over 100 result presumably from counting
the same area tw.:ce when there is more than one planting of a crop.)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Table 10. Distribution of Crops in the Various Provinces
CNE
Percen
tage of Total Crop Production*
Ordinary rice
Glutenous rice
Wheat
Barley
Kaoliang
Millet
Corn
Other grains
Soybeans
Black beans
Peas
Other types of "tou" (peas
and beans
18.49
2 ~
22.34
6.18
9.95
9.79
6.00
1.08
11.48
0.30
0.77
1.30
~(32.42)
(17.60)
(3.25)
(5.6y)
(6.85)
(3.67)
(5.60)
(10.63)
Sweet potatoes
1.76 (1.72)
Potatoes
0.36 (--)
Taro
0.14 (-_)
Other types of tubers
o.ol (0.67)
Cotton
4.16 (4.04)
Tobacco leaves
0.14 (0.10).
Peanuts
1.15 (0.97)
Sugar cane
0.20 (--)
Hemp
0.11 (--)
Flax
o.oa (0.45)
Ramie
0.01 (--)
Rapeseed
0.71 (2.05)
Vegetables
-- (1 52)
Other crops
o.41 (2.77)
Total _
100.00 (100.0)
*First Figure ie from Ch -kuo N - eh Kai-k'uang Ku-chi, by Chang Hsin-i,
.1932;.. second figure (in parentheses is from Lead Committee Report.
STAT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
,~.
~ v~
N m
N
A ~ ~ ~
~-' M ~p
M U
q rn y
?N ,-1 W ,-I
b ~ O p
W N f~a
,d `-' H ~
~
i~
.
{
7~
V
+>
O W b ~
~ ~ ~ ~
y f7 ~ [-
SI [; ~
&~ ~~
b ~ *'
N U m
~ ..a
~ o
v
s?1+ v +xi
H ~ W
STAT
M
M O
~ rl
~~
-y ,-{
~ wN
~ O
ti ~
~ d
M
m ~
~ ~
O ti ~ ~
O~
O O O
rn o
p O ~ ~N
'-I ~
~I o 0 0
N
O O O O N ~ ~
~ ~ ~i ~ ~ ~ ~
S
~ ~ ~
cp ~ G~ iT ~ ~ iT p O c0 ~ !
.~ N ,, ~
F !
c~ k
I
6
o ~ o o rn `~. ~ $ `O y
~ ~ O~ {
f
~ ~ o Nm ~~pp N M in r
~ I-i ~ ~ ~O N ,--I N i
f
u ~ ~ '
~r~i 00 ~ M Vl ~
o ~ v .c ~ a p v v
M~ ~ U 6' X ~ Cy,' U] CU,' y U ~" -~ y
I
~+ i
~ ~ y _ i
M I
X H ~ E
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
n'1
w
M U b
~
Gl ~
~
~ a ~
.i N M
~~ xy~
4~1 A
.{ N
r1
q
~ ~
~ ~
N
O
.-1
O
i
'
.,
.~
1 I-I
~ ~ p
E'
O
.~
~
~ `~
~ ~
U ~ ~ O
u ~ b to
0 0
~ ~ 8 0 ~.~"
.~
w~~ '"~
~~ xb
~ xy b o
t'll . ~ N N N O M m u m ..~i 21 P'
~r~ h m
~, ~ z ~ ~ .,~?,
zqc~b b~
a H p tip
1~[ jv 67 O ~.~i q
d ~ *, is ~ ~ r~-1 L
O *#
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
o
> w
~~
v
a z
+' ~ s.
M.-. rZ 4~
C B b ~
Ol .-I
O o~ 't1 p
M
fL (~
?f 8 W ~ ~ O O ~ c0 O O -7 O v~ O O O N
~ O G~f. !] ~I ~ M ~ n0'1 ~ O i ~ 01 O c0 .7 m N ~ .. in 1
~ O O~
'd Q M
~ ~ N .7 O H O M N O O .-I O~ N O O O
~. "~
U
~ O
~' ~ 4.,
x b ~
4-i .-1 ~ ~ L M O 8 u~ ~ ~ ~ ~ N u~ to N ' ~
N
.-I M 4 i-i ~n O M ~D ~ N cp ~
~ ~ W t0*1 ~ M .y M -N7 ~ ~ O ~ O ~ ~ N M ~ ~
H~
M .-i ~O N N c~
~ ~ ~ N ~ u~ cAVj ~ .7
M ~p M
p O m M M M ~ ~ ~ c0 ~ ~ O ti r~-I ~ CO ~O [~ M
Z R7 .-1 N ;n
a
a~
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Table 13. Reclamation of Wild Land and Relapse of Reclaimed land*
Province
No of
Heiens
~ of Total Reclaimed Iand
Reclaimed in last 10 Yearn
of Total Reclaimed
Land Allowed to
Relapse Su Last 10 Years
Kiangsu
l2
~ ~
5.27
Chekiang
$
8.19
0.98
Anhvei
6
8.98 '
8.34
Kiaagsi
3
3.42
11.72
Hupeh
6
12.67
9.80
Hunan
10
8.40
8.15
Hopeh
9
3'~5
3.00
shantung
9
8.80
4.21
Shansi
2
13.75
18.50
Hunan
5
4.87 [semi-legible]
5.10
Shensi
5
12.37 [semi-legible]
14.12
Fukien
8
3.43
15.13
Kwangtung
2
10
50
.
35.00
Kwangsi
4
14.07
9.58
Total
ey
8.91
10.64
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5
STAT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700230045-5