HUNGARIAN PLAN FULFILLMENT STATISTICS FOR 1955

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700250109-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 8, 2011
• Sequence Number: 109
• Publication Date: April 28, 1956
• Content Type: REPORT

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STAT
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HUNGARIAN PLAN FULFILLMENT STATISTICS FOR 1955
[Comment: This report presents the complete text of the 1955
plan fulfillment report issued by the Central Statistical Office
of Hungary, published in the Budapest Szabad Nep, 22 January 1956.1
In 1955, socialized industry as a whole fulfilled its production plan 103.2
percent. Plan fulfillment for individual ministries and their local industrial
enterprises, including the artisan cooperatives, was as follows (in percent):
Ministry of Metallurgy and Machine Industry
104.9
Ministry of Coal Mining
103.0
Ministry of Chemical Industry and Electric Power
103.3
Ministry of Light Industry
101.4
Ministry of Food Industry
102.7
Ministry of Building
109.0
Ministry of Transportation and Postal Affairs
106.8
National Chief Directorate of Forestry
108.6
Local enterprises
104.5
Artisan cooperatives
101.1
Production increases over 1954 were as follows (in percent): industry un-
der the ministries, 7.6; local industry, 11.9; cooperative industry, 10.8; and
socialized industry as a whole, 8.2. Over three fourths of the production in-
crease in socialized industry was due to greater productivity.
Socialized industry exceeded the productivity plan 3.8 percent. Over-all
productivity in 1955 increased 6.1 percent over 1954. Specifically, productiv-
ity increased 6.8 percent in the industries under the ministries, 5.4 percent
in the local industries, and 3.6 percent in the cooperative industries.
Owing primarily to the increase in productivity, production costs as com-
pared with 1954 dropped lower than planned.
Despite significant results, the work of socialized industry was not always
satisfactory. The ~echnoingy of production failed to improve sufficiently. Many
regulations designed to improve technology were ignored. Industry, especially
the machine industry, was slow to introduce new lines, and often the lines intro-
duced were not modern enough.
Improvement in quality was insufficient; rejects were still too numerous
and, in some cases, actually increased. Materials, even imports, continued to
be handled wastefully.
The over-all tempo of production was smoother than in previous years; never-
theless there were numerous instances of rush work.
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Production failed to adhere to the plan. Whereas less coal and nitrogen
fertilizer and fewer motorcycles were produced than specified, there was over-
production of certain items for which the demand was not very great, with the
result that the shops are overstocked with some items.
Coal Coal Production
In 1955, the coal mining industry produced 22.3 million tons of coal, or
3.6 percent more than in 1954. However, the calorie plan was fulfilled only
99.1 percent. The coal mining industry exceeded the plan in the production of
"black" and high-grade brown coal.
Shaft X at Szucsi, unit III of the Komlo coal classifier, and a section
of the Berente coal classifier were put into operation during 1955.
The mechanization of mining operations did not proceed as rapidly as
planned. The plan for millisecond blasting was not fulfilled.
Oil Production
The oil industry continued to expand in 1955, producing a total of 1.6
million tons of oil. This amounted to 31.6 percent more oil than was produced
in 1954, and 1.7 percent more oil than planned.
Electric Power Production
In 1955, electric power production amounted to 5.4 billion kilowatt-hours,
or 12.8 percent more than in 1954. The increase in power production exceeded
the increase in industrial production.
The capacity of the power plants increased by 13 percent over 1954, or by
approximately 120 megawatts.
Three units of the Borsod Power Plant (Borsodi Hoeromu) and the final unit
of the Sztalinvaros Power Plant (Sztalinvarosi Eromu) were put into operation.
The increase of capacity made it possible to reduce the output of less economi-
cal power plants; furthermore, power consumers practiced greater economy. These
two factors brought a drop in specific calorie consumption and in power produc-
tion costs.
Metallurgical Production
In 1955, ferrous metallurgy produced 1.6 million tons of steel, 9.3 percent
more than in 1954. Production of rolled steel totaled 883,000 tons, 7.8 percent
more than in 1954. During the year, 32,000 tons of hot rolled steel were pro-
duced in excess of the plan.
The new central rolling train of the Lenin Metallurgical Works (Lenin Ko-
haszati Muvek) was a major factor in increasing production capacity.
Ferrour metallurgy consumed more coke than planned and failed to fulfill
the plan for sintering fines and for rolling concrete reinforcement steel.
Bauxite and Aluminum Production
Because of a reduction in the output of bauxite of lower quality, bauxite
production was slightly lower than planned in 1955.
The addition of new shop units to the Ajka Alumina Factory and Aluminum
Foundry (Ajkai Timfoldgyar es Aluminiumkoho) increased the capacity for alumina
production by 20 percent. Actual alumina production in 1955 exceeded 1954 by
17.3 percent, but the 1955 production plan was fulfilled only 96.3 percent, and
the deficit amounted to nearly 6,000 tons.
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Aluminum production was 12.8 percent higher than in 1954.
Machine Industry P r=ion
In 1955, the production of the machine industry increased considerably
after a drop in 1954. During the year, 1,348 buses, 296 railroad passenger
cars, 775 milling machines, 2,523 drills, 4,559 wheeled tractors, 217,200
bicycles, 373,200 radio receiving sets, and 46,100 sewing machines for home
use were manufactured.
In 1955, the machine industry began making the 120-kilowatt short-wave
radio transmitter and the improved Ikarus 55 bus at plant level. The proto-
types were completed for the M-25 universal tractor, the ensilage cutting
combine, the corn combine, the 170-millimeter-bore Ganz-Diesel motor series,
the CAV electric railroad car, and the television set. The creation of pro-
totypes for certain important machines has been postponed to 1956.
The development of the machine industry was promoted by the opening of
the Soroksar Iron Foundry (Soroksari Vasontode) and the new refined-steel
works of the Wilhelm Pieck Railroad Car and Machine Factory (Wilhelm Pieck
Vagon es Gepgyar).
Production techniques were improved through the introduction of high-
frequency tempering on cylinder bushings, a wider use of precision casting,
and the manufacture of a new type of antifriction bearing.
Chemical Indust
The chemical industry exceeded the 1955 production plan and produced more
than in 1954.
Production gains over 1954 were as follows (in percent): the pharmaceuti-
cal industry, 29.1; the organic-chemical industry, 19.1; the inorganic-chemical
industry, 7; and the petroleum-processing industry, 6.6.
The chemical industry failed to fulfill the plan for the production of
chemical fertilizer. Fertilizer production at plant level began later than
planned at both the Borsod Chemical Combine (Borsodi Vegyikombinat) and the
new chemical fertilizer factory of the Pet Nitrogen Works (Peti Nitrogenmuvek).
Building Material Indus
The building material industry overfulfilled the plan and exceeded 1954
production by 16.5 percent.
In 1955, the production of cement amounted to 1.2 million tons; this was
24.1 percent more than in 1954 and 5.4 percent more than specified by the 1955
plan.
Brick production amounted to 1.2 billion bricks, or 5.3 percent more than
in 1954.
The production of glass increased greatly also. The new pipe-drawing equip-
ment of the Tokod Glass Factory (Tokodi Uveggyar) and Shed IV of the Salgotarjan
Class Factory (Salgotarjani Uveggyar) were put into operation during 1955-
Light Industry
During 1955, light industry showed production gains over 1954 in most cases.
Among other things produced were 237 million square meters of cotton textiles,
26 million square meters of woolen textiles, 20 million square meters of silk
STAT
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textiles exceeded 1 4 `._c_. "'?"ues. in 1955, the production of cotton
textiles, silk textiles,andleather shoeseexceededhl95 m the production of woolen
and 15.7 percent respectively. There was a much wide95selection than 20n2' 22-7)
ceding years.
pre-
Light industry began producing bleached sulfite cellulose at plant level
during 1955, and an increasing number of crepe-soled shoes and leather soles
specially tanned for durabilit
w
y
ere manufactured.
Food Industry
In 1955, the output of the food industry increased 6.7 percent over 1955.
Considerably more bread, bakery products, sausage, bacon, salami, and fruit
ingsplantsw were estucedshednodur n ng the preceding year. Several food-process-
Building Industry
planned. The state building industryyfulfilledithewith less manpower than
plan 1011
operative building indust.ro_ inc
percent; the co-
perce
ministries fulfilled the plan as rfollows f in the urisaiction of the various
Ministry perceent): enterprises under the
Buildi
ng,
es
and Po tai A
Transportation
fairs
107 8;
Economy, 101.1. Ministry of City and Town
Although the building industry completed many industrial and public build-
ings in 1955, fewer buildings w
ore completed than had been contracted for.
The building cooperatives failed to meet the requirements of the popula-
tion fully in 1955.
Agriculture
According to preliminary calculations, agricultural investments in 1955
amounted to 2.4 billion forints. In 1955, 15 Percent more long- and medium-
term credits were extended to producer cooperatives than in 1954. The coop-
eratives also received nearly 200 percent more nonrepayable state support than
during the preceding year.
The
the year,pace Of
tractors, 2,500 of which 9were uni-
versal tractors, as well as 400 harvester-threshers, 1,100 threshers, 600 bind-
ers, and many other agricultural machines. The area under irrigation increased
by 20,000 cadastral yokes [one cadastral yoke equals 1.42 acres].
The agricultural experts sent to the province helped greatly to promote
the pro;;ress of agriculture. In accordance with the June 1955 resolution of
the Central Committee, 1,2C0 party workers and experts went to the province to
improve political and agricultural work. Over 40C of these persons are working
in producer cooperatives.
The socialized sector of agriculture continued to become economically and
organizationally sounder in 1955. During the year, nearly 60,000 families with
a total of 350,000 cadastral yokes entered producer cooperatives. By the end
of the year, the arable land of the socialized sector constituted over one third
of the national arable land.
i
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Agricultural production results were, on the whole, higher than the average
for the preceding 5 years. In 1955, 26.8 million quintals of bread grain, 7.9
lion quintals of barley, 29.2 million quintals of corn (according to prelim-
inary estimates), 20.8 million quintals of potatoes, and 22.2 million quintals
of sugar beets were harvested.
Owing to unfavorable weather and other causes, the rice harvest was much
smaller than in preceding years. The undue precipitation increased the normal
moisture content of corn and grain.
Because of increased mechanization and improved crop cultivation, the av-
erage crop yield of state farms and producer cooperatives was on the whole con-
siderably higher than the crop yield of the independent peasants. At state
farms, the yields of bread grain and barley were higher by nearly 40 and 20
percent, respectively, than those of the independent peasants; while the same
crops yielded the producer cooperatives 20-25 percent and 10 percent more than
the independent peasants.
Although grape and wine production was considerably higher than in former
years, excessive rains lowered quality. Nearly all fruit production in 1955
exceeded that of previous years.
toes andAveragesugaryibeetselds especially late the
and case
fall field work was delayed.
consequently
Livestock breeding improved in 1955. The pig stock totaled over 8 million
pigs. Although the good corn crop made it Possible to fatten 30 percent more
pigs than in 1954, an even greater number could have been fattened with the fod-
der available.
The number of cows increased, as did cattle stock in general. The per-head
yield of milk rose, particularly in the socialized sector of agriculture. In
1955, the state farms delivered nearly 13 million liters more of milk for public
consumption than in 1954.
According to preliminary estimates, the sheep stock increased by over 200,000
head in 1955.
The poultry stock has increased also and is higher than the prewar average.
Although the agricultural sector now consumes more poultry, 1955 Poultry deliv-
erier, exceeded those of 1)54 by 441 carloads.
In 1955, the IMTS performed 8 million normal yokes of tractor work; this 3 lass 1.3 million tnormal he yokes more than in 1954. Besides assisting with the plow-
, MTS nearly 50 percent more mechanical hoeing and
300 percent more reaping than in 1954. The area harvested by the MPS was 22 per-
cent larger than in 1954. However, only 98.6 percent of the planned tractor work
was performed. Tractor capacity was utilized less than in 1954, and much of the
field work was performed later than specified.
State
afforested areaforesexceededtriemore s
woods over than
200 in preceding years. The
percent in 1955.
On the whole, agricultural produce collection in 1955 was more successful
than in 1954. In most cases the collection plan was exceeded, and the amount
of produce collected exceeded that of 1954 in all cases with the exception of
sunflower seed and unprocessed rice.
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The produce collection plan was overfu.filled by the following percentages:
bread grain, 6.3; barley, 8.7; and oats, 9.6. Although much more corn was col-
lected than in 1954, the amount collected was less than planned. The wine col-
lection plan was exceeded 33 percent.
In 1955, more animal products and animals intended for slaughter were de-
livered than in 1954.
The collection plan was overfulfilled 9.5 percent for slaughter pigs and
8.9 percent for milk. Fewer slaughter calves, poultry, and eggs were collected
than specified by the plan.
Transportation and Communication
In 1955, the plan for conveying passengers and freight was exceeded. Rail-
roads and trucks carried 7 and 6 percent more freight respectively than in 1954.
There was little change in passenger traffic on railroads and streetcars; how-
ever, local buses, interurban buses, and ships carried 11, 20, and 19 percent
more passengers respectively than in 1954.
During the year, 35 new locomotives, 285 new freight cars, 1,600 new trucks,
262 new interurban buses, and one Danubian seagoing vessel were put into serv-
ice.
The railroads installed automatic blocking devices along another 40-kilo-
meter stretch on the Budapest-Szolnok line and along a 14-kilometer stretch on
the Budapest-Hatvan line; four railroad stations were supplied with railroad
signal equipment designed also to show track clearance. The railway bridge at
Ujpest and several other highway bridges were opened to traffic.
Interurban bus routes were expanded by nearly 1,200 kilometers to service
225 additional villages and settlements.
Track maintainance and rolling stock repair improved to a lesser degree
than specified.
The flow of mail increased somewhat over 1954. Telephone service was mod-
ernized through the installation of two automatic and several semiautomatic
telephone exchanges. In Budapest, the capacity of several exchanges was en-
larged.
Commerce
The volume of retail trade in 1955 increased 5 percent over 1954. In 1955,
the population bought 5 percent more foodstuffs than in 1954. Increases over
1954 in sales of certain products were as follows (in percent): bread, 11; flour,
16; uncut meat, 7; butchered meat, 13; milk and dairy products, 4; sugar, 7;
chocolate and confections, 6; beer, 18; brandy, 9; and cigarettes, 7.
Despite the increase in trade, the supply of meat was insufficient, although
it improved toward the end of 1955.
The quantity of foodstuffs brought to market at control cities was slightly
higher than the amount brought in 1954. In 1955, the prices of foodstuffs in
general were 4 percent lower than in 1954. The price of fruit decreased 31 per-
cent, and that of dried legumes, 10 percent. At the same time, green vegetables
and potatoes cost 4 and 22 percent, respectively, more than in 1954.
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In 1955, retail stores sold 5 percent more consumer goods than in the pre-
ceding year; these included 102,000 more stoves and 25,000 more bicycles; 91
million forints more was spent on dishes, 215 million more on furniture, and
300 million more on building material than in 1954.
Somewhat less clothing was sold in 1955 than in 1954, but there was a much
greater selection of household appliances, utensils, and dishes. The supply of
certain types of merchandise, such as bicycles, building material, furniture,
and higher-grade textiles, failed to meet the demand.
During 1955, 500 new state and cooperative retail stores and catering es-
tablishments were opened. In the province many cooperative stores were turned
into specialty shops.
The tourist trade increased during 1955 and the capacity of hotels was en-
larged slightly.
F_ gn_Trade
Foreign trade in 1955 was 10 percent greater than in 1954 and extended to
several countries with which Hungary had no trade relations in preceding years.
Although industry met its export commitments on the whole, it fell behind in
the delivery of several export products. Although the year closed with a fa-
vorable trade balance, the margin was smaller than planned.
Vital Statistics
In 1955,
5 percent. Thehnu b of 8 e percent the
leaverage ss than of
in the l Past 5 years by
only ten deaths per 1,000 persons, the lowest figure ever reached in ary.
The population increased by 112,000, to over 9,860,000 by the of gy he end of the the year.
Wages and Housing
The real per-capita wages of workers and employees as well as the real
per-capita income of the worker and employee population (wage earners and de-
pendents) rose in 1955 above the 1954 level. The December 1954 adjustment of
pensions greatly increased the income of retired workers. The income of the
peasants increased considerably as a result of good crop yields and the in-
crease in the proportion of state purchases on the free market.
In 1955, 2.2 billion forints was spent on housing and on public health,
cultural, charitable, and community establishments.
Construction of nearly 30,000 dwellings was completed in 1955. Dwellings
built from state funds totaled 4,052 in Budapest, 386 in Kazincbarcika, 349 in
Sztalinvaros, and 276 in Komlo. The number of private homes built also in-
creased greatly.
Public Health Services
Public health services continued to improve in 1955. In the course of the
year the number of hospital beds increased by 2,900. There was a considerable
increase in the number of pediatric wards. A 45-bed hospital was opened at Tet;
100 new district physicians were appointed. However, at the end of the year,
the post of district physician remained unfilled in 124 districts. Although of-
fice hours kept by special clinics increased by 9 percent during the year, the
increase was insufficient to reduce crowding at the clinics. By the end of 1955,
day nurseries could accommodate 2,700 additional children; this constituted an
increase of 12 percent over 1954.
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During 1955, 27 new nurseries and kindergartens having a total capacity
of 1,600 were opened, as well as 114 general schools with 338 classrooms.
Forty-five new classrooms were opened in intermediary schools.
During the 1955-1956 school year, 1,226,000 students were enrolled in the
general schools. This is an increase of 19,000 over the previous school year.
During the same period, the intermediary schools had an enrollment of 151,700,
and the universities, 43,800.
During the past school year, one half of the students who had completed
general school and one fifth of the graduates of intermediary schools continued
their studies.
In 1955, 17,500 works were published in 45 million copies. By the end of
the year, 3,650 motion-picture theaters were in operation and the number of
persons attending them totaled 116 million, or 18 million more than in 1954.
Radio subscribers totaled 1,430,000, or 13 percent more than in 1954.
Investments
In 1955, the sum spent on investments was 8 percent hi;her than planned.
During the year, 17 percent more renovations were carried out by the enter-
prises than in 1954. Nearly 500 million forints was spent on the plastering
and maintenance of apartment houses.
The ure of
ents Invesmentsrintthe lightvandmfood ivaried slightly as
increased less compared ein with
other 9years,
while the heavy and building industries received a somewhat smaller share of
total investments than formerly.
In 1955, considerably more completed investment projects were put into op-
eration than during the preceding year. Consequently, the number of incompleted
investments was greatly reduced, even though fewer projects than planned were
put into operation.
Work was resumed in 1955 on several major investment projects, such as the
coke works and ore-dressing installations at Sztalinvaros, the ore concentrator
at Rudabanya, and the big shed of the Klement Gottwald Electrical Factory (Kle-
ment Gottwald Villamossagi Gyar).
Failure to economize on investments persisted in 1955. Too little care
was taken in preparing investments and in coordinating the technical plans and
the budgets. Many investments cost more and took logger to complete than planned.
To promote the success of the-Second Five-Year Plan, work was begun or
accelerated on several projects, including the Tisza Region Chemical Combine
(Tiszavideki Vegyikombinat), the Tiszapalkonya Power Plant (Tiszapalkonyai Er-
omu), and the Sztalinvaros Straw-Cellulose Factory (Sztalinvarosi Szalmacellul-
ozgyar).
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