(SANITIZED)UNCLASSIFIED 1969 SOVIET PUBLICATION ENTITLED, ISLAM(SANITIZED)
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Release Decision:
RIFPUB
Original Classification:
K
Document Page Count:
170
Document Creation Date:
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date:
April 12, 2012
Sequence Number:
2
Case Number:
Publication Date:
January 1, 1969
Content Type:
BOOK
File:
Attachment | Size |
---|---|
![]() | 24.85 MB |
Body:
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
- Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
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CM. cAnnuaire du monde musulman. Redige par Louis Massig.
nonce, H3A. 4, nepecMOrpeHHOe H nOArOTOBACHHOe IIpH COAeiCTBHH
V. Monteil, 1954, Paris, 1955, p. -427-428. B noacveTax I10 OTAeAb-
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
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cxoro npeAaHBB. B 1948. r. B ByAanemre me BbrmAa nepnan 'iacrb
a lgnace Goldziher Memorial Volume., nocaaujennaa aTOli AaTe.
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
I'IccA oBaHHe HCTOpHH HCAaMa oBs aa'HO C H,Me.HaMH pyc-
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12: CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/04/12 : CIA-RDP78-02646R000600120002-7
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