ACAPULCO TRENCH EXPEDITION (CHUBASCO) - 1954

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79Z01493A001100110001-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 24, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 1, 1955
• Content Type: MISC

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ACAPULCO TRENCH EXPEDITION (CHUBASCO) - 1954
1: 15 Oct. 1954; 19?001N, 121?52.8'W; depth, 4138 m; core length,
14 dm; sediment type, greyish-brown, plastic clay.
Course 239, microrough bottom with occasional sea highs. One half
hour before station, ship passed over approximately 100 F high
rise; after this, smooth bottom at 2287 F. Five minutes before
turn, bottom rose and in 5 min. cane up to 2265 F. Ship turned
around 1800 and headed 059? for 10 min. at 7.5 knots. Bottom
went back to 2283 F and station was made. During station, bottom
rose again to 2262 F when the ball broke. 14.250 m of wire out.
(Depth, 4138 mm) After station) again microrough topography
with highs 30-60 F and 1.5-2.5 miles broad. 30 miles south,
very rough topography starts.
Top of core marred by catcher. Catcher content in mason jar.
Manganese nodule on top left in place. Penetration 71".
16 Oct. 1954; 1919 GMT; 16?02'11,. 125?01'W; depth, 4354 in; core
length, 6 dm; sediment type, brownish-grey clay.
Course 210) Speed 11. After passing California seamount, very
smooth undulating bottom, 2300-2400 F with occasional seaknolls
and fairly frequent smallhighs. Shortly before 1800 h the bottom
-dropped down to 2400 F and thereefter rose to approxivstely 2380
at 1825 h. 3 small highs, 50, 30 and 30 F at 1830, 1836, and 1648 h.
Base approximately 1 mile each. 1852-1905 h very smooth, 2379-
2383 F at 1903 h start of drop from 2380 F to 2388 F at 1905 h,
Immediately thereafter a small high and course was reversed to .
0300 with retained speed. Station .made 7 min. back in the smocth.
Depthm 2381 F at ball signal (43.5. m). 11.505 m of wire out.
Ship deifted back towards high during station and core seems to
have been raised from position approx, identical with one at
1903 h. . After station, gently unclniating bottom slowly sloping?
-downward and crossing the 2400 F line after about an hour's station
over 2145.
Sediment brittle and fracturing on top. Manganese nodule at surface.
Sediment very rich in sand-sized Mn-micronodules with nuclei of
clayeer material which seems to ginde into altered glass. Approx.
5 in, slid out of the liner when corer was beim taken aboard.
Penetrsation approx. 70". COntentF, of catcher and nose in mason
jar
3: 17 Oct. 1954; 0335 GMT; 15?00'N, 125'26.1'N; depth, 11.380 in;
core length, 15 dm; sediment type, 11ownish-grey clay.
Course 202, 11.5 knots. Smooth nrelulating bottom with small
sea highs,. one 60 F high and 2 miles broad occurring at 0243 h.
Before station, bottom dropped. to 2995F. Ship turned around
180? and ran back .5 min. Ball bri at 2395 F. A loop of wire
tangled around the breaker and tore loose with a jerk at the
surface. The top 1/2 cm of sediment was shaken up a little.
Underway 0530 h. After station, gently undulating bottom.
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Sediment low in coarse material. Penetration, approximately
70". Water saved.
4: 17 0ct.1954; 1047-1244 GMT; 14?01.5% 125?29.5'W; depth, 4505 m;
core length 17 dm; sediment type, buff clay.
? Course 183?, 11.5 knots. Gently undulating bottom. Sea high,
30 F at 0810 h 4 miles broad. At 0900 h? 2340 F, gradually
? descending bottom to 2485 F at 1040h. Course reversed to 003?
at 1045 h. Ship lay to at 1047 h, 2480 F. Edo read 2480 until
approximately 1120 h, when it started to ascend and reached 2440 F
at 1200 h.
6
Sediment mottled and diffusely stratified (top 5 cm dark, approx.
5-15 light, approx. 15-20 dark).
17 Oct. 1954; 1825-2018 GMT; 13?03.1% 125?28.8'W; core length,
10alm; sediment type, greyish-brown clay.
Gently undulating bottom. From 2525 F at 1700 11- bottom, rose
gradually to 2430 F at 1815 h. Course 180?, 11.5 knots. At 1617 h,
course was reversed and ship moved back 8 min. over the 2430 F
piuteau. A sharp side echo appeared 1820-1823 h, but disappeared
again. At 1925 h the ship lay to at station. 1905 h at 2431 F,
corer wes supposed to have hit bottom. No ball signal at 1950 h
and the depth had increased to 2441 F. Apparently the core was
raisea from the slope. After station, on course 180?, 11.5
knots, bottom started rise suddenly from 2435 F at 2030 h to 2370
on top of high. At 2130 h the depth was 2500 F.
The %re contained a manganese crust onto, Part of crust kept
in jar. Mn and sand se"affiag down along walls of liner. Clay
in mouthpiece brittle. No CaCO3 in mouthpiece clay. Water saved.
18 Oct. 1954; 0213-0414 GMT; 12?03.2'A, 125?30.5W; depth, 4636 in;
core length, 16 dm; sediment type, light buff clay.
Poor bottom echo due partly to interference with scattering layer,
but see= to be gently undulating around 2530 F. Ball signal at
2535 F 0252 h.
Core stratified as core 4. Water saved.
18 Oct. 1954; 0947-1222 GMT; 11?10.1N, 125?34,W; depth ? 4645 m;
core length, 16 dm; sediment type, light buff clay.
Topograroaic description identical to that of core 6, 2540 F.
Ball sinal at 1023 h at 2540 F.
Sediment stratified as in core II. Possibly more digging structures.
Water saved. Mouthpiece contents in mason jar possibly contaminated
by falling into the sink.
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SPECtPt.eEI
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18-19 Oct. 1954; 1812-0052 GMT; 10?13.51N, 125?25.3'W;
depth, 11.720 m; core length, 16 dm; sediment type,
light buff clay.
Topography similar to that of core 7. A ridge with
a top depth of 2475 F was passed a couple of miles
before station, and was later surveyed. No ball signal.
Winch trouble on the way up delayed the operation.
1-2 am of sediment in dummy above liner was lost.
19 Oct. 1954; surveying started 0052 h; 10018.51N,
125?27.2'W; depth, 4545 m; core length, 10 dm; sediment
type, dark buff clay.
Core 11
Together with cores 80 10 and 11, core 9 was raised from
a topographically pre-surveyed area. This area con-
tains a ridge (summit extending locally to 2470 F
from general level of 2500 F) running NNE - SSW, limited
to the east by a 2585 F deep trough and an undulating --
plain at 2550 F, and to the west by a similar plain
at approximately 2540 F. Core 9 was aimed at the highest
spot of the ridge and may have hit this or close by
on the top level plane.
Color stratification appears to be the same as in other
buff cores but light-colored stratum below dark top
appears to be thinner in this core. Manganese micro-
nodules frequent. A. large furrow extends along the
wall from near the top, approximately 30 cm downward
(marked on liner) and material from top flows down in,
this furrow (? apparently E Mn nodule, location marked
on liner). The furrow doee not appear to be caused
by the core catcher; the corresponding finger does not
spring back enough to explain the structure. Most proba-
bly it is a digging channel. Several smaller ones
are seen in cross section along the core. Bottom of
core is quite brittle. No CaCO3 at top or bottom.
Possible unconformity approelmately 20 cm from bottom
with buff above, brown below. Water saved. Core
catcher contents in mason :ar, For topographic detail, ?
see special survey.
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19 Oct. 1954; 10?21.4'N, 125?26.3'W; depth, 4645 m; core
length, 12 dm; sediment type, dark buff clay.
This core was aimed at the steepest part of the slope
and hit this somewhere between 2530 and 2550 F.
The sediment is stratified with worm channels and un-
conformity apparently overlying dark brown indurated
clay. Water saved.
19 Oct. 1954; 10?21.9'N, 125?24.714; depth, 11.730 in; core
length, 18 dm; sediment type, light buff clay.
The top 1 cm of the contents of the liner was dried out
and saved in a glass jar.
Operations in the area (8-11) completed at 2250 h 19 Oct.
'12: 20 Oct. 1954; 0532-0752 GMT; 9?15.5'N; 125?26.7'W; depth,
4540 in; core length, 53 dm; sediment type, dark greyish-
brown with light buff strata.
Gently undulating bottom 2450-2490 F. Core raised from
intermediate depth (2475 F). Water saved.
13: 20 Oct.:1954; .0905-1206 GMT; 9?03.11N, 125?21.6T; depth,
448o in; core'length, 14 dm; tediment type, 'buff clay.
Gently undulating bottom at 2485 F shoaling to 2465
whererthe ship lay to on station, and to 2450 when
ball broke.. 35 min. later the depth had again increased
and was 2470 F. Core thus raised from a topographic high.
The sediment appears normally stratified?dark, light,
dark. Water saved.
14: 20 Oct. 1954; 1328-0245 GMT; 8?44.4'N, 125?29.01W; depth,
4536 in; core length, 17 dm; sediment type, buff clay.
Gently undulating bottom (t 15 P). Long time caused
by two unsuccessful attempts. Core raised from very slight
high (2470 F) above surroe.nding 2475.
15:
Core normally stratified. Water saved.
21 Oct. 1954; 0600-1049 GMT; 8?30.7'N, 125?25.4'W; depth,
4462 in; core length, 85 dm; sediment type, dark buff
clay over coccolith ooze.
From. station 14, bottom continued to undulate between
060 and 2470 F. When corer hit bottom, however the
,ship had drifted in over a slope (2470 F, 0723 h; 2435 F,
0830 h, drift speed approx..2 knots) and the core was
probably raised-from a depth of 2440 F. The slope borders
a plateau over which the ship continued under way to
station 16.
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17:
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Time
Depth
Time Depth
1050
2435
1145 2380
1100
1150 2360
1110
,2435
2535
1155 2375
1120
2430
1200 2375
1125
2420
1205 2390
1130
2415
1210 2350
1135
2420
1215 2345
1140
2405
Station 16
The clay .sediment appears nOrmally stratified, but compressed
sequences resting, apparently unconformably on light grey,
fine-grained calcareous ooze. Water saved.
21 Oct. 1954; 1217-1625 GMT; 8?17.0'N, 125?19.2'W; depth,
4334 in; core length, 6 dm; sediment type, dark buff clay.
Core raised from plateau with undulating surface starting
at station 15. Ball signal at 1411 h on a slope between
2360 (1400 h) ad 23840 F (1430 h) at a depth of approximately
2370 F.. Afte,, station, undulating plateau continued. A
steep-walled trench was passed between 1812 h (drop from
2485 F, 1810 alto 2565 F at 1815 h) and 1827 h (rise from
2570 F, 1825 h to 2465 F 1830 h). In the trench was a 30 F
high smooth rise.
Sequence of sediment like core 15 with a calcareous bottom,
but the unconformity cannot be seen through the wall of the
liner.
22 Oct. 1954; 0025-0440 GMT; 8?05.0'N, 125?25.0'W; depth,
4453 in; core length, 2 dm; sediment type, white hard coccoljth
ooze.
Ship continued over the failly irregular plateau which varied
between 2450 and 2380 F.. An unsuccessful attempt to core
was made 1850-2322 h 21 Oct. and the final one after
return to compensate for drift. - During station plateau shoaled
to 2425 F at 0130 hp thereafter sank to 2445 where core W.1.5
raised. Because of wire angle and excess wire (total 5156 m)
tt is also possible thatthe core was taken on the slope
down to this depth. Depth now decreased again to 2390 F
at b440 h and ship left station. After stationIdepth varied
between 2430 and 2450 F. At 0525 h ship passed in over
a depression with irregular bottom varying between 2475
and 2515 F. At 0630 h the depression was passed, and bettem
rose to 2320 F. Course was reversed to 030' at this point
(0635 h), and ship returned 'aeek over depression and lay to
station 18 at 0647 h.
The sediment:shows irregular surface and is capped by thin
layer of dark brownish-grey clay, which has partially flowed
down along the wall of the liner. Water saved.
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18: 22 Oct. 1954; 0646-1118 GMT;. 7?54.9'N, 125?28.7'W; depth,
14.609 in; core length, 17 dm; sediment type, buff-grey clay.
For the topography of approach, see core 17. During lowering,
the ship drifted in to the middle of the trench where bottom
was fairly even (2515-2520 P). Ball signal at 0903 h, 2520 F.
Sediment shows normal stratification. Sediment penetrated
into dummy and 1/2 to 1" of top was lost. Sediment surface
calcareous.
19: 22 oct..1954; 1330-1745 GMT; 7?41.4,N, 125?36.6'W; depth,
4416
in; core length, 16 dm; sediment type, calcareous surface.
At end of station 18 the bottom shoaled to 2440 P (1100 h).
After station, depth increased again, and varied between 2450
(1125 h),2480 (1135), 2580 (1140), 2390 (1312), and 2420 F
(1330 h on station 19). On station 19, depth decreased from
2445 (1400 h) to 2415 F (1540 h ball signal), 2420 (1600),
2395 (1630) and then increased to 2400 (1700) and 2410 F
(1730.h). After station 19 again deeper area, 2430 (1805)i
2450 (1810), 2475 (1815), 2480 F'(1820 h). Core was thus
raised from a gentle slope.
Normal stratification. Worm channel with internal cast on
cleavage surface above core catcher. Bottom part prepare
with glycerin in mason jar. Cast exposed in bottom surface
of core. Water saved.
20: 22-23 Oct. 1954; 2004-0015 h; 7?22.2'N, 125?30.0'W; depth,
4549 in; core length, 5 dm; sediment type, white hard coceolith
ooze.
After station 19, bottom sank from 2430 F (1755 h) to 2480.
(1820 h) and then varied between :this and 2460 F until it
started to rise rapidly at :905 h from 2460 to 2180 F (1920 h).
Another seaknoll of 2260 F followed 2000 h. The course was
reversed for 4 min., whereafter the ship lay to station 20,
aiming at drifting back over the valley between the seaknolls.
This succeeded, and ball broke at 2153 1/2 h, 2485 F, on the
lower part of the slope of kaoll No. 2. The deepest point
passed during drift .was 2495 F at 2300 h. After station,
two more knolls were passed at 0045 (2290 F) and 0100
(2330 F). Thereafter, smooth and gently undulating bottom
2455-2465 F up to station 21,
sequence of core 20 as sequence in core 17. Worm holes fre-
quent in chalk top and filled with the greyish-brown. top. clay.
Water saved.
21: 23 Oct. 1954; 0216-0622 GMT; 705.5'N, 125?31.01W; depth,
4565 in; core-length? 14 dm;' seaiment type, stratified calcareous
ooze.
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For topographic approach, see description of core 20. Dur-
? ing drift on station, depth increased from 2460 F (0216 h)
to 2500 (0600 h). Ball signal 0419 at 2490 F. After station,
bottom shoaled to 2420 F (0700 h) then sank again to
2495 (0730 h). Water saved.
22: 23 Oct. 1954; 0854-1253 GMT; 6?42.5'N, 125?34.27W; depth,
? 4400 m; core length, 16 dm; sediment type, stratified
? calcareous ooze.
Gently undulating bottom around 2490 F. Rose slowly before
station to 2410 F, and oscillated around approximately
2420 F several hours after station. Core was raised from
2410 F. Water saved.
23 Oct. 1954; 1625-1818 GMT; 6?12.07N, 125?27.2714; depth,
4500 in; core length, 17 dm; sediment type, stratified
calcareous ooze.
Undulating bottom between 2425 and 2480 F before station.
One-half hour after station, bottom rose to the general
level of 2410 F. Core raised from 214-60 F.
Approximately -I 1/2 cm of top rose into dummy but was
saved ina mason jar.
24i 24 Oct. 1954; 0132-0337 GMT; 5?28.81N, 125?28.67W; depth,
4530 in; core length, 3 dm; sediment type, tough, fine-
grained calcareous ooze.
After several hours of unduJating bottom around 2400 F,
a knoll was passed, culminating 0055 at 2065 F, whereafter
the bottom fell to 2480 F at 0120. Ship lay to,station 24
at 0132, aiming at drifting tack to the foot of the knoll.
This succeeded and the core,' hit at 2475 F, 0336 h. There-
after the bottom rapidly sh..T.led as the ship drifted in
over the slope.
Core capped by approximately 2 cm of dark greyish-brown
clay with irregular and reletively consolidated surface
(oblidue). In the prepared core, the Obliqueness is hidden
-7)y a washout from the top clay. Water saved.
25: 24 Oct. 1954; 1804-2240 GMT; 4?37.1N, 125?25.57W; depth,
4480 in; core length, 17 dm; sediment type, stratified
calcareous ooze.
(Jently undulating bottom 2r0-2275 F. Core at 2445 F
(1949 h) between. 2475 .(183G n) and 2425 (2230 h). Water
saved,
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caPEC.Itata
?
/tL L-I 0 Ur! t.4)
-' 28 -
25 Oct. 1954; start of survey for cores 26 and 27 at
0400 GMT; 3?32.7N, 125?18.9'W; depth, 4417m; sediment
type, stratified calcareous ooze.
For topographic detail, seetERacial q,yElTai A series of
ridges 2380-2415 F separated by valleys, 2475-2480 F. Core
26 raised from crest of ridge at 2415 F. Water saved.
26 Oct. 1954; 0100 GMT; sediment type, stratified calcareous
ooze. Water saved. -
28: 26 Oct. 1954; 1741-2230 GMT; depth, 4610 in,
Van Veen sampler. Sample lost due to spinning of sampler
on the way up. Sediment in weight stand and dummy saved
as core 28.
29: 26 Oct. 1954; 2252-0217 GMT: 7?03.8'N, 126024.3'W; depth,
11.550 m; core length, 18 dm; sediment type, calcareous ooze.
Calcareous core for study of
deep frozen, in a glass jar,
erganic matter. Stored,
30: 27-28 Oct. 1954; 2202-0205 GMT
depth, 3640 in; core length 5
ooze.
7?17.7?N, 127?24.6W;
dm; sediment type, calcareous
Poseidon seamount. Core taken near summit of slope.
4450
in of wire were paid out, and it is not known how far
behind the ship the corer t:ailed. The depth could, there-
fore, be somewhat greater.
Calcareous ooze, rich in foams, unconsolidated, high in
carbonate, stratified. Water saved.
Calcareous material from bottom of core saved in plastic
vial. Mouthpiece of corer dented.
31: 28 Oct. 1954; 0340-0819 GMT; 7?23.6N, 127?17.0'W; depth,
11.520 in; sediment type, strce:ified, calcareous (foram)
ooze.
Close to Poseidon. The seamount site on a platform at
2400 F with a depression of 2470 F. Outside the platform,
.the depth is approximately 2560 F. The core was attempted
in the depression. Barrel broke (no. ball signal; 1100 in
of extra wire were paid out) but material was retrieved
from the weight stand and saved in four mason jars. The
top 10 cm were put in a separate jar and are suitable for
radiocarbon check on different size fractions because of the
relatively high carbonate content.
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32: 28 Oct. 1954; 0903-1427 GMT; 7?22.2N, 127?17.0'W; depth, 14.520 in;
core length, 7 dm; sediment type, stratified calcareous ooze.
Repeated attempt close to position of core 31.
Water from above core saved. The top 10 cm look abnormal with
fluid clay resting on. foraM-rich material. Graded on bottom
or by washing around in liner? The latter alternative is possible
as there was no ball break and approximately 1000 m of extra
were paid out.
Fractures formed in core after sealing.
33 28-29 Oct. 1954; 1758-0057 GMT; 7642.5'N, 127?06.8'W; depth,
4540 in; core length, 16 dm.; sediment type, stratified calcareous
ooze. -
Irregular topography vith approximately 100 F relief.
in depression (graben ?).
ore taken
Top 1-2 cm of core shaken up owing to dragging. Succession of
' top strata appears anomalous.
?- : 29 Oct. 1954; 0244-70803 GMT; 8?00.6'N, 126?58.0?W; depth, 4440 1234 ?
core lengths 13 dm; sediment type? top sediment slightly cal-
careaus.
Irregtlar topography as in core 33. Core taken in topographic
low.
The top approximate 10 cm were entirely shaken up when corer
dragged along bottom (no ball signals a000 in of vire overpaid).
Top 1 cm (very fluid awing to the shaking) lost. Corresponds
to approximately 0.2 cm of normally compacted and dehydrated
material.
The corer was apparently towed in horizontal position over old
outcrops. Ball breaker contained coccolith ooze with flat
manganese nodules, and between weight and flange of weight stand,
was manganese encrusted clay. These two samples saved in separate
mason jars,- labelled 34 ball breai:er and 34 weight stand.
35: 29 Oct. 1954; 0944-1413 GMT; 8?11.0N, 126?58.4W; depth, 4517 in;
core length, 17 thm; sediment. type, apparently non-calcareous.
Core taken in topographic low: Top approximate 2 cm disturbed
during dragging. Water saved.
36: 29 Oct. 1954; 1545-2020 GMT; 8?2G.T'Ns 127?01.1W; depth, 14.570 in;
sediment type, normally stratified buff clay.
Care taken in topographic low. Water saved.
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37: 29-30 Oct. 1954; 2207-0231 GMT; 8?37.2'N, 126?57.2W; depth,
4555
in; sediment type, normally stratified buff Clay.
Core raised from a topographic low. Water saved.
38: 30 Oct. 1954; 1951-2347 GMT; 8?11.6'N, 125?18.5'W; depth, 4315 in;
core length, 2 dm; sediment type; hard calcareous sediment.
Irregular topography with hills 2360 F and deeper, intermediate
terraces, and deeps down to approximately 2460 F. Features,
approximately a mile broad, offer steep slopes. Area found
suitable at previous crossing, for study of outcropping chalk
presumably Tertiary. Core raised from top of high.
The stratigraphy of the sediment is similar to that of core 17.
Surface of fine-grained, hard calcareous sediment highly irregular
and penetrated by worm channels. On top, a thin capping of clay
of greenish and brownish hues and with granular structure.
:Water saved.
39: 31 Oct. 1954; 0046-1055 GMT; 8?09.0'N, 125?19.5'W; depth, 4360 in;
core length, 17 dm; sediment type, normally stratified buff clay.
Same area as core 38. See special topographic survey. No ball
cignal. 5250 in paid out. Cable had to be cut and respliced
at 4700 in but corer seems to hsare left bottom at the time, and
there is no indication of extensive dragging on the bottom.
40: 31 Oct. 1954; 1250-1732 GMT; 8006'N, 125?25.81W; depth, 4415 m;
core length, 5 dm; sediment type, bottom, hard white chalk ooze;
top, greyish-buff clay.
Same area as cores 38 and 39. The great number of similar topo-
graphic features, the uncertainty about the drift here in the
shear zone between the two currents, and the navigational diffi-
culties, caused by the almost permanent overcast, made it uncEr-
tain whether the three cores were raised from one single topo-
graphic high and adjacent low.
Core 40 was raised from half way down the slope (2415 F) between
the crest (4315 in, core 38) and the deep bottom. No ball
s%rnal; 5173 in paid out.
The transition between the I'Dottom hard, white, chalk ooze and,
the top greyish-buff clay is not observable through the wall
of the liner due to smear along ;:he core
Far details of topography, see special survey.
6/1/55; kc
Oce. Publ. 91-G
C i)6-Ct P4c,
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