ANTIMISSILE COMPLEX SARY SHAGAN, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T04751A000100010016-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 103
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 7, 2001
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: April 1, 1961
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2001/lJL0 R~1~4-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
NOFORN
JOINT PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE REPORT
ANTIMISSILE COMPLEX
SARY SHAGAN, USSR
Published and Disseminated by
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE CENTER
1 Declass Review by NIMA/DOD
r
P I C/J R-1010/61
Apri 1 1961
SECRET
Approved ForvglQgy (DOWNGRA 010016-7 25X1 C
 Approved For Release 2001/11/05 CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
WARNING
This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Secs. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
Approved For Release 2001/11/05 : CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release NO 00 751 A000100010016-7
ANTIMISSILE COMPLEX
SARY SHAGAN, USSR
PIC/J R-1010/61
April 1961
Published and Disseminated by
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE CENTER
i
SECRET
Approved For Release4c208 751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release o200~' - 4751A000100010016-7
PIC/JR-1010/61
PREFACE
This report presents a detailed photographic analysis of the Anti-
missile Complex, Sary Shagan, USSR, in response to general requirements
of the Army, Navy, and CIA.
Approved For Release 2,QQ'~ lA000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 200 - 751A000100010016-7
NOFOR
PIC/JR-1010/61
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SUMMARY ........................................ 11
INTRODUCTION .................................... 13
SUPPORT BASE .................................... 13
Main Housing Area ............................... 14
Initial Support Area ............................... 14
Test, Fabrication, Support, and Warehouse Area ............ 20
Explosives-Storage and Handling Area .................. 24
Construction Support and Storage Area .................. 26
Airfield . ..... .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . . . .. . ... . ... . . . . . 28
Dirt Strip ...................................... 30
Abandoned Airfield ............................... 30
Power ........................................ 32
Transportation .................................. 33
Electronics . ... .... .. . . .... ... . .. .... ..... .. .. . 34
IMPACT AREA ..................................... 59
Launch Complex A .. . . . . . . .. ..... .. .. .. .. .... ... .. 60
Launch Complex B ................................ 72
Range Instrumentation ............................. 89
LOCATION OF MAJOR FACILITIES ....................... 101
REFERENCES ..................................... 102
- 5 -
A p p r o v e d For Release 2. ft lA000100010016-7 25X1C
 Approved For Release AS 751A000100010016-7
PIC/JR-1010/61
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
A
Page
Figure 1.
Map Showing Location of Antimissile Complex,
Sary Shagan, USSR ..........................
10
Figure 2.
Antimissile Complex, Sary Shagan, USSR ...........
12
Figure 3.
Support Base ..............................
15
Figure 4.
Main Housing Area ..........................
18
Figure 5.
Initial Support Area .........................
19
Figure 6.
Test, Fabrication, Support, and Warehouse Area ......
21
Figure 7.
Explosives-Storage and Handling Area .............
25
Figure 8.
Construction Support and Storage Area ............
27
Figure 9.
Airfield and Nearby Facilities ..................
29
Figure 10. Dirt Strip ................................
31
Figure 11. Rail Facilities in the Initial Support Area ...........
35
Figure 12.
Rail Facilities in the Construction Support and
Storage Area ...............................
36
Figure 13. Communications Site 1 (Transmitting) .............
39
Figure 14. Directions of Transmissions from Communications
Sitel ...................................
40
Figure 15. Communications Site 2 (Receiving) ...............
41
Figure 16. Orientations of Antennas at Communications Site 2 ....
42
Figure 17.
Communications Site 3 ..... . . ..... .. . ... .. .. .
44
Approved For Releaser2 mism 751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 20 - 4751A000100010016-7 25X1 C I
NOFORN
PIC/JR-1010/61
Page
Figure 18. Instrumentation Site 1 ........................ 45
Figure 19. Major Components of Instrumentation Site 1 ......... 46
Figure 20. Instrumentation Site 2 ........................ 49
Figure 21. 'Major Facilities at Instrumentation Site 2 .......... 51
Figure 22. Radar Site 1 .............................. 52
Figure 23. Details of the Facilities at Radar Site 1 ............ 53
Figure 24. Plan and Elevation Views of Long Building at
Radar Site 1 .............................. 55
Figure 25. Concept of 890-Foot Building at Radar Site 1 ........ 56
Figure 26. Concept of Completed Antenna at Radar Site 2 ........ 57
Figure 27. Probable Microwave Terminal ... ............... 58
Figure 28. Launch Complex A .......................... 61
Figure 29. Layout of Facilities at Complex A .... ... ......... 63
Figure 30. Headquarters and Administrative Area,
Launch Complex A ........................... 64
Figure 31. Electronics Area and Probable Missile Support Area,
Complex A ............................... 66
Figure 32. Unidentified Areas No 1 and 2, Possible Operational
Support Area, and Possible Central Control Area,
Complex A ............................... 68
Figure 33. SAM SA-2-Type Launch Area, Complex A .......... 71
Figure 34. Launch Complex B ........................... 73
Figure 35. Launch Area of Complex B .................... 76
Figure 36. Concept of Pad B-1 ......................... 78
i
A
A
Approved For Releas&6A 4751A000100010016-7 25X1 C
 I
Approved For ReleaO 04751A000100010016-7 25X1C
PIC/JR-1010/61
Page
Figure 37. Assembly and Checkout Facility, Complex B ......... 81
Figure 38. Instrumentation Sites, Complex B ................ 83
Figure 39. Support Area, Complex B ...................... 85
Figure 40. Instrumentation Site 4 ........................ 90
Figure 41. Instrumentation Site 7 ........................ 91
Figure 42. Instrumentation Site 8 ........................ 94
Figure 43. Instrumentation Sites 3 and 10 .................. 95
Figure 44. Sketch of ish and Nearby Facilities at
Instrumentation Site 3 ........................ 96
Figure 45. Concept of Dish and Nearby Structures at Site 3 ...... 97
Figure 46. Instrumentation Site 6 ........................ 98
Figure 47. Triangular Pattern Formed by Instrumentation
Sites 3, 6, and 10 ........................... 99
Figure 48. Instrumentation Site 9 ........................ 100
-9-
25X1C SECRET
Approved For ReI699 T04751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 2001/11/05 : CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
OUTAN BATON
Some boundaries shown on this map are de facto bound-
s ltp5tnot necessarily cognized as definitive by
the United States Government, the United States Govem-
ent has not cognized the corporation of Estonia,
Latcia, and Lithuania into the Soviet Union.
UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS
FIGURE 1. MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF ANTIMISSILE COMPLEX, SARY SHAGAN, USSR.
Scale 1:36,700,000
250 500 1000 1500 2000
Statute Miles
250 500 1000 1500 2000
 t
t
Approved For Release 2001/11/0?E -RDP78T04751A000100010016-7 25X1 C
NOFORN
PIC/JR-1010/61
SUMMARY
The Sary Shagan Antimissile Complex, covered by photography of
encompasses roughly 8,400 square miles, extending from the
west shore of Lake Balkhash to a point approximately 70 miles west of the
lake (see Figure 1). The complex comprises a large Support Base and an
extensive instrumented Impact Area (see Figure 2). The Support Base
includes housing, test, fabrication, explosives-storage and handling, con-
struction support, and electronics facilities. The base is served by ex-
cellent rail and road facilities as well as by a new airfield. The Impact
Area is so-called because it contains, in one of its two missile launch
complexes, an SA-2-type site and a great amount and variety of precision
instrumentation and other electronics facilities, three of which form a
triangular pattern. Although none of the Impact Area facilities is rail
served, each is served by road. Many of the facilities in the antimissile
complex are under construction or are of recent construction.
Among USSR missile test centers, the Sary Shagan complex is second
in overall size only to the Kapustin Yar-Vladimirovka Missile Test Range.
On the basis of 150 square feet per man and one worker per family, the
housing can accommodate 11,000 workers. It is evident that a tremendous
amount of materiel and manpower was used to have completed as much as
has been identified on the photography, and in what appears to have been
a relatively short time.
In view of the location of the Sary Shagan complex with respect to
Kapustin Yar, the types of electronics equipment noted, the presence of
launch facilities, and the accommodations for large numbers of personnel,
it is apparent that an intensive program is under way at the complex
which relates to anti-ballistic-missile/aerodynamic vehicle activity as
well as to normal terminal-range activity. Also, it is significant that Sary
Shagan has direct communications with both Moscow and Kapustin Yar.
- 11 -
Approved For Release 20"4'4 4 /SEC 751A000100010016-7 25X1 C
NOFORN
 Approved For Release 2001/11/05 : CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
? 72?00'
DZHAMBUL I
0 (' ) 0 10
NAUTICAL MILES
LAUNCH
COMPLEX 'B'
SARY SHAGAN1
I I/
S U P P O R T
BASE
(SEE FIGURE 3)
FIGURE 2. ANTIMISSILE COMPLEX, SARY SHAGAN, USSR. The Complex comprises the Support Base and the Impact Area.
LAUNCH
COMPLEX 'A'
- - w a - -Approved F= ele 200w1/11/0 IA-R-P78W751A0001Q0.0_100
 Approved For Release 2001
PIC/JR-1010/61
INTRODUCTION
t
The analysis of the Sary Shagan Antimissile Complex in this report
is based on photography of covering an area west of Lake
Balkhash near Sary Shagan, USSR, which appears to be a terminal of the
Kapustin Yar-Vladimirovka Missile Test Range. In view of the cloud
cover of more than half the complex, other major facilities besides those
described in this report may exist. Also, several of the areas discussed
appear only on oblique photography and are completely cloud covered on
the vertical. This report includes only such mensural data as thought
necessary for present needs and for use in the event of future coverage.
For convenience of presentation, the facilities of the complex are dis-
cussed under two major headings: Support Base and Impact Area.
SUPPORT BASE
I
A
The Support Base is west of Lake Balkhash near the village of Sary
Shagan (see Figure 3). The base, which is of relatively new construction,
is served by the main rail line (from Mointy to Chu) and several sidings,
a good road network, and a new airfield. In the base are a housing area;
an initial support area; a test, fabrication, support, and warehouse area;
an explosives-storage and handling area; a construction support and stor-
age area; an airfield and dirt strip; and power, transportation, and elec-
tronics facilities. Each of these items is treated in detail on the following
pages.
As. with most relatively new projects, no attempt has been made to
formalize or beautify the Support Base. Tracks and scars cut the base in
every direction, giving the appearance of intense activity. At the time of
photography, over 70 trucks and miscellaneous vehicles were moving
throughout the base between borrow pits and scenes of construction activ-
ity. From the number of varied facilities, it appears that the base may
SECRET
Approved For Release2 751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 20 E - 04751A000100010016-7
NOFORN
PIC/JR-1010/61
have additional missions not specifically in support of the terminal-range
activity. The Fabrication Facility is the best example of this; as stated
below, this facility may be associated with the assembly of missiles to be
used elsewhere.
Main Housing Area
This area, containing the major portion of the housing in the Support
Base, is located at 46-02N 73-41E. The facilities consist of barracks,
apartments, family-type housing, a recreation site, warehouses, and three
motor pools (see Figure 4). Part of the area was in use at least 6 months
before the date of photography.
It appears that this area was designed to house personnel permanently
assigned to the Support Base. Housing in other areas of the base probably
accommodates workers who are associated with specific facilities and
would be required to have quarters near their work.
There are 1,835 family units and additional barracks space for 342
persons in the area. Thus the number of workers, based on one worker
per family group, is 2,177. A total of 326 buildings, with a total floor
space of 1,552,000 square feet, are devoted to personnel housing in the
area. Warehousing, heavily vented and partially buried, has been con-
structed for foodstuffs, and is served by road and rail.
The three motor pools contain repair shops and other miscellaneous
buildings. Approximately six buses are noted which may be used to trans-
port personnel to the other facilities within the Support Base and to the
range area. At least 232 trucks and other vehicles have been identified in
the motor pools. In addition, the Main Housing Area has 20 probable ad-
ministrative buildings.
Initial Support Area
The Initial Support Area is located in the northern part of the Support
- 14 -
Approved For Releas% 751A000100010016-7
I
25X1 C
 Approved For Release 2001/11/05 : CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
RET
PIC/JR-1010/61
I
I
I f
\
TEST, FABRICATION,
AND HANDLING AREA
-15-
NOFORN
Approved For Release 2001/11/05 : CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 2001/ 51A000100010016-7 25X1 C
NOFOR
PIC/JR-1010/61
Base at 46-07N 73-37E. It straddles the Mointy-Chu rail line and is ser-
viced by an all-weather road. The area includes a large housing and sup-
port facility, a sawmill and lumberyard, a site for storage of heavy con-
struction materials, two open storage sites (labeled A and B), a locomotive
maintenance and repair facility, a POL storage site, two motor pools,
and numerous warehouses (see Figure 5). This area appears to be the
oldest in the Sary Shagan complex.
The housing and support facility contains sufficient family-type quar-
ters for approximately 250 families. A few troop barracks, in the opera-
tional portion of the facility, could house approximately 350 men.
The sawmill and lumberyard cover approximately 35 acres. Besides
the sawmill (120 by 55 feet), there are six miscellaneous buildings, the
average floor space of which is 1,900 square feet. Logs are brought in by
rail, dumped from the spur serving the area, and then processed through
the sawmill.
The heavy construction materials storage site covers approximately
60 acres and is served by a rail spur. The site apparently has three stor-
age sections: one for pipe, one for structural steel, and one for cement
and other building materials requiring covered storage. The pipe-storage
section is the largest of the three, comprising almost half the total acre-
age of the site. A mobile crane of approximately 5 to 10 tons capacity, a
pipe trailer, and many racks of pipe are located in the section. The steel-
storage section covers approximately one fourth of the site and contains
a considerable amount of structural steel and a gantry crane of approxi-
mately 50 tons capacity. The cement and miscellaneous storage section
contains seven buildings constructed along the rail spur which serves
both this section and the steel-storage section. The total warehouse floor
space of the site is approximately 65,000 square feet.
Open storage site A covers approximately 25 acres and is served by
a rail spur. There are seven buildings with a total floor space of approx-
imately 50,000 square feet. Stored in the site are many small items, the
sizes of which preclude identification; however, in one part of the site are
SECRE 25X1 C
Approved For Release 200 51A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 2001/11/05 : CIA-RDP78TO4751A000100010016-7
~ POOL
fffta ", SU STATION
AIRFIELD
w ", i = M gWpMed ieReMW2VO11/ftCI 1P7W75 JW01&100M W, M ' W W
 Approved For Release 2001/11/04GCQ&T-RDP78T04751A000100010016-7
NOFORN
PIC/JR-1010/61
t
A
FIGURE 5. INITIAL SUPPORT AREA. Facilities include housing, storage sites, motor pools, and other support
installations.
- 19 -
Approved For Release 200 N 51A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 2001/1'gMEclA-RDP78T04751A000100010016-7
NOFOR
PIC/JR-1010/61
objects which look like oil drums. Site B, covering approximately 40
acres, is adjacent to a siding of the rail line. It has no structures but has
a large amount of materiel in storage.
The locomotive maintenance and repair facility includes a repair
building, a diesel refueling point, and a coaling point. The facility can do
normal maintenance and minor repairs. The POL storage site covers
approximately 15 acres and is served by rail. This site contains five
buildings with a total floor space of 16,000 square feet and 17 possible
POL trucks or truck trailers. Total storage capacity is approximately
645,000 gallons.
The largest of the two motor pools covers approximately 15 acres.
Its six major structures have a combined floor space of approximately
20,000 square feet. Parked in the motor pool are 58 dump trucks, 44
cargo trucks, and one possible van. The smaller motor pool, adjacent to
the rail line, covers approximately 3 acres. It contains two buildings,
with a total floor space of approximately 15,000 square feet, and 8 dump
trucks and 43 cargo trucks.
At least 35 additional miscellaneous storage buildings are located
throughout the Initial Support Area. These buildings range in size from
approximately 25 by 25 feet to 130 by 40 feet. A small diesel power plant
is also located in the area.
Test, Fabrication, Support, and Warehouse Area
This area is located at 46-03N 73-29E, north of the airfield and astride
the road which connects the Support Base to the downrange facilities. The
area contains four major, separately fenced facilities -- the Probable
Cold-Flow Test Facility, Fabrication Facility, Support Facility, and Ware-
house Facility -- and an adjoining Engineer Support Facility and Family
Housing Facility (see Figure 6). The area is probably involved in the
assembly of a missile or missile components, which may be used in the
Sary Shagan Antimissile Complex. If this is true, the components are
I
Approved For Release 2001/11B RJlA-RDP78T04751A000100010016-7 25X1 C
NOFOR I
 PIC/JR-1010/61
A
t
PROBABLE COLD-FLOW
TEST FACILITY
II
f(155' x 55'^~)
II 4II II
185' x 125' II
I 11111-
)
A
FABRI
III
111 125'
III1
/ II
1
160 x 65
II , IIII
II I 165' x 951111
\`Jll
II~
p 185' x 140'
.~
230' x 55'
185' x 50'
SUPPORT FACILITY 160'65'
15U' X 75'-' o
STEAM AND HEAT PLANT .1 0 II
IIIISTEAM LINE
Approved For Release 2001/ lA000100010016-7
NOFORN
......?..... POWER LINE
WATER LINE
o-o LAND LINE
BLDGS. U/C
500 0 1000
I ~ I
FEET
FIGURE 6. TEST, FABRICATION, SUPPORT, AND WAREHOUSE AREA. This area is probably used for missile
assembly.
Approved For Release 2QQO1
~FACILITY
 Approved For Release 2001/1 IA-RDP78TO4751 A000100010016-7
NOF
PIC/JR-1010/61
brought in by rail, air, or both. However, it is possible that a missile
being assembled here is completely divorced from other observed facili-
ties in the complex and that the function of this area is to assemble mis-
siles that have been developed and tested elsewhere and that will be used
at other sites in the USSR. East of the area is a large motor pool con-
taining 11 tank trucks and 100 cargo-type vehicles.
Probable Cold-Flow Test Facility
This facility was under construction at the time of photography. It is
characterized by extensive pipelines under construction throughout. Two
buildings, 120 by 35 feet with a 35-foot-square end section =high,
are probably used for cold-flow testing of liquid-propellant rocket engines.
Two other buildings, which measure 75 by 45 feet, appear to have load-
bearing walls, indicating the possible use of a crane. These buildings may
be used for some type of subassembly. The function of the other buildings
under construction within the facility cannot be determined at present.
This facility has two connections to the main water line. The pipelines
being constructed are probably for some type of liquid, since they do not
appear to be steam lines. A rail spur running into the facility is under
construction and has a probable transloading platform at the terminus of
the spur. No road pattern can be determined, owing to the construction
and extensive scarring.
Fabrication Facility
Within this facility are five drive-through buildings varying in size
from to 125 by 125 feet. One of these is a hangar-type
building with sliding doors which permit an opening of about 50 feet. These
drive-through buildings are served by broad roads with wide-radius turns.
There are three other major buildings within the facility. A rail spur
Approved For Release 2001/1'8BMtIA-RDP78T04751A000100010016-7 25X1 C
NOFORN
 Approved For Release ~OFDR 51 A000100010016-7
PIC/JR-1010/61
enters the facility and continues into the Probable Cold-Flow Test Facility.
A transloading point adjacent to the drive-through buildings contains two
overhead cranes which extend over both the rail spur and the road serving
the drive-through buildings. The single combination entrance and exit
provides for good connection with the Warehouse Facility, the airfield,
and the road west into the range area.
Support Facility
This facility is adjacent to the main road to the airfield and between
the fabrication and warehouse facilities. It contains eight buildings which
probably serve as shops, maintenance buildings, laboratories, and other
types of support buildings. Across the road from this facility is a large
steam and heat plant which will probably serve the adjacent facilities.
Warehouse Facility
This facility, which is under construction, will contain at least ten
warehouses and several other support buildings. It is both road and rail
served. When completed, this facility will provide over 85, 000 square feet
of covered floor space.
Engineer Support Facility
This facility includes a housing section, a support section, and two
separately fenced motor pools. The housing section contains 17 single-
story barracks which can accommodate approximately 600 workers. The
support section has 15 buildings which provide storage, supply, recrea-
tional, messing, and other types of support. One motor pool has one large
building and 15 vehicles or trailers and is characterized by extensive
track activity. The second motor pool has 5 buildings, probably used for
maintenance, and approximately 70 vehicles or trailers.
-23-
Approved For Release 2 R 51A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release o2 04751A000100010016-7
PIC/JR-1010/61
Family Housing Facility
This facility contains 20 apartment buildings, which have space for
590-600 families, and 26 additional buildings which provide storage, main-
tenance, recreational, and other types of support. Adjacent to the facility
is a small motor pool which contains one building and 40 vehicles or
trailers.
Explosives-Storage and Handling Area
West of the Test, Fabrication, Support, and Warehouse Area and north
of the range road, at 46-04N 73-27E, is the Explosives-Storage and Han-
dling Area, which consists of two separate, double-fenced facilities con-
taining 12 revetted storage /handling buildings and 3 unrevetted buildings
(see Figure 7). The smaller facility is provided with power from a low-
voltage 10/6-kilovolt power line extending from the substation near the
Main Housing Area. The larger facility is not tied in with this power line,
but has an adjacent diesel power source. These facilities are similar to
those at the Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) Facilities at Kapustin Yar.
However, the Sary Shagan facilities have 51,300 square feet of covered
area as opposed to 22,772 square feet for those at Kapustin Yar.
Since the Test, Fabrication, Support, and Warehouse Area is under
construction, and since neither of the launch complexes contains any ex-
tensive explosives-storage facilities, it is possible that these storage and
handling facilities are being used to store explosive items used on the
ranges. In addition, one or both of these facilities could perform solid-
propellant fabrication. The physical relationship between the Fabrication
Facility and the Explosives-Storage and Handling Area suggests that an
item will be assembled in the Fabrication Facility, mated with explosive
components in the storage and handling area, and transported to the launch
complexes for utilization.
Approved For ReleasFg 04751A000100010016-7
 Approved For Release 2,gPj 51A000100010016-7
PIC/JR-1010/61
80' x 35
~
--7::
I B
80' x 35' _______