CONTRACT(Sanitized) PROPOSED EXTENSION OF RADAR INTERPRETATION PROGRAM (Sanitized) REFERENCE J-C194-66, ITEM 4

Document Type: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP78B04770A002000070008-6
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
K
Document Page Count: 
17
Document Creation Date: 
December 28, 2016
Document Release Date: 
February 9, 2005
Sequence Number: 
8
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
June 18, 1965
Content Type: 
LETTER
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP78B04770A002000070008-6.pdf1.01 MB
Body: 
STAT Approved For Release 2005/05/02 - CIA-RnP7RR04770A00200007000R-s STAT. STAT ILLEGIB STAT or syst i4?,# A . l rac Base, . sure ( z ` t The c i PI-OP0 @" T"era e $th ;Sr ~ on $I ii `*F! Declass Review by NIMA/DOD Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 STAT STAT Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 PApprrlve F"o elease 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 Copy of b. X-3(03 PROPOSED RADAR I) 'ERPRE'FA?ION PROGRAM (PHASE II) FOR SOA1 /AFQ-93(xA-1) (REFERENCE J-0194-66 TASK 4) JUNE 18, 1965 Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78B04770A00200007;0008-6 :1- jr 11 '1 S PU vWAw ase 2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 CLIENTS 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 ABSTRACT . .R SURPACK SHIP I MN 4.6 R. I. HANDBOOK . 4.7 "LIC N ttLY R . 5 K -?' - J Cs A` R.r . . . . .4 IL:'" EXERCISES. r , .. . 4.3 P .SCI At ANALYSIS ` W1Q 5.0 WORK `A 6.0 PROGRAM 4.2 TARGET WTIl.' IC A /.ION ATRI 4. AAA DATA. riuA Uw . TEC C L DESCRIPTION 14 Ofi I1,JLI~ ; Approved For Release 2005/05/02 :CIA-RDP78B04770A002006Qa7p ~'CI aL H~Nn~ ING pproved orRelease 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 1.0 A CT An eight month pr+ r is Free to utility of coherent radar Imagery targets of iireet1 divided Into 9 major sub-tasks which ene following; radar data evaluation, special an i is t i.na R.I. ha ,, ar4 two r: iar cave R.I. tteetiWeness, Approved For Release 2005/052 : CIA-RDP78B04770A00200007IIdii 6 r H l l I N p~gv!e Pow ~A Qe 2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78B047,;0A002000070008-6 2.0 INTRODUCTION Phase one of an R. 1. program directed toward advancing analysis methods for the interpretation of coherent radar data has set forth the essential generalities of the problem. The basic goal of that program was to build upon the techniques of previous investigators through extrapolation and the addition of advanced procedures. This proposal describes a second phase which is directed toward further improvement of image interpretation and Also two radar modifications are outlined which are an out- growth of Task IV o the initial program, "Radar Improvements to Enhance R.I.". One addition provides for contrast stabilization of the AN,/APQ--93 to maintain density gradations in the output map proportional to a pre-selected range of target reflectivitiees (radar reflection coefficient). The other provides for an estimation of the ship's doppler and a widening of the primary data recorder azimuth bandwidth. The doppler estimation aid3andwidth increase is required to prevent output image degradation due to the doppler spectrum being incorrectly located with respect to the recording pasaband of the radar, the extension of special methods of analysis, Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78B04770A002000Q799Q%1- L.V-- SP WU4Vq,rr'NAease 2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78BO47ZOA002000070008-6 er to further Improve the mathematical probability of he inf ormat i on reported on ill be flown to supply data planned that mi of specific interest. Typically a group of missions will be flown over Arty vehicles of and fixed location at the Aberdeen Proving Grourr o be placed on the comparison of detail oorrelatior8 with the J15-A and close-up color photography. Special analysis procedures are to be studied, I.e. n shaping of the amplitude characteristic of the data. This shaping is considerably more difficult in a coherent system due to the nature or accessibility of the signal. The capability of materials classification utilizing mmfea:sure- men.ts of relative density in the output To facilitate these measurements it i will be inveati ed that the handling process of the radar be stabilized by the addition of dynamic contrast control. This control maintains those signals of interest within the available dynamic range relative density measurements can be obtained. A method for obtaining optimeummc coherent radar Ima s surface ships is recomme This requires a simple cation and a change, in the P-10l installation in order to maintain the ships doppler specter within the recording pass band of the r Also suggested is a handbook for radar interpretation :f coherent Information. This handbook is Intended to indicate those ge-n features unique to coherent radar ;eery and those a associated with the APQ--93. Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78B04770A00200`Ofl"{('$-.Ai,.D ING SPECIAL NANIILIMG Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 4.0 TEMC AL DESCRIPTION The program during the first half of 1965 Initiated major portion of the fundamentals for Interpretation of e SLR data. That effort presented the essential $LR data required to illustrate the principles involved. It Is the purpose of the posed program for the latter part of 1965 to expand on the substantiation of these principles, and enlarge upon the methods available for R.I. Other items proposed for this program are: a) The publication of an R.I. manual for coherent r b) The addition to the APQ-93 of a stabilized contrast or gray tone control to aid in target recognition, i.enti- ficati.on, and materials determination. The addition to the APB}--93 of the capability of doppler frequency estimation on marine surface shies to provide optimum imaging of these ships. 4.1 Radar Data Evaluation It will be the purpose of this pirt of the progre to extend the available information describing the evaluation of coherent SLR data. This extension Is Intended to further lm__ prove the mathematical probability of the tabulated ittormstlon which originated in the program during the first half. An additional effort will be to advance the methods and procedures ,vio;asly. The radar data evaluation will be greatly aided by the availability of the KA--4 MA camera data, and the detail correlator during the complete program. These two item; were not available until the beginning of third and fifth months of the initial program. Approved For Release 2005/05/: CIA-RDP78B04770A00200007OOO886 ply" HANULING Appro a or Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78B04770A002000070008-6 4.2 Target Identification Matrix A target I.A. matrix is a cataloging moth data representing. a definite target which is several resolution elements in area. The coordinates for this data are usually azimuth and elevation angle. The purpose of the matrix is to provide the W.I. with a record or the coherent microwave image and Its typical variations. Ideally this would be done on all possible targets of Interest. However, for this program it will be restricted to those targets of higher interest where the principles and methods of recognition and identification for coherent radar imagery can be tested and expanded as required. Also, the target I.D. matrix will be used to determine capabili.tiee and deficiencies of the collection equipment. 4,3 Special Analysis Techniques The program thus far has proven that additional isteroretat i o capability can be obtained through special photo and control. Also other imagery program r in allied fields have shown benefits from variations in the spatial frequency response of the recorded .image. A coherent radar equipment using optic 1 correlation requires equivalent techniques for adjusting the nay content of the Image and the aignal amplitude response. The conventional radar can be adjusted easily to be selective In both the amplitude and frequency characteristic. Identical control in the coherent system is accomplished In a more difficult manner and at different points in the equipment. Some of this control can be accomplished by changes within the equipment (radar and/or correlator) however, there is a reasonable amount that can be accomplished by special recording and photo processing Approved For Release 2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78B04770A002Q00,9T999F ri I N G Ll,rlr'L 1 -ra App?c or RQ 005/05/02: CIA-RDP78BO47TM002000070008-6 of the correlated data. It is proposed that these techniques be investigated further during the extension 4.4 During the f euver I vises fOf th ~nd a Navy exer4 were curve i . 3 1 by the AI/APQ-93. Also at this writing it is anticipated that flights will be made in the near future eked appropriate.y spaced) Army vehicles at Aberdeen Proving Grounds to determine signature. These flights were selected with the objective of defining the equipments ea bility and gaining some insight to R.I. problems. It is suggested that more flights of a similar nature be conducted over a suitably spaced time period. 4.5 CA-45-A Camera This camera is mounted in the F-101 to record the same F.O.V. as the radar for the purpose of verification, target identiflction, and optical/ microwave ccwpartsaon. The following effort is re- quired to maintain this camera capability. lm procurement, handling,, pr'ocess'ing, evaluation, and Non-routine flight line maintenance and application support effort. Factory adjustment and minor overhaul near mid program. data cataloging. 4.6 R.I. Handbook A handbook for use by radar interpreters of coherent map : ormation was not included a part of the initial program. it is rec a nded that this manual be written durim the ce i e the following topics; a characteristics map defects, mensuration,, and environmental effects on data collAp"ged, For Release 2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78BO477OA0020000709 8-6 ,_ HLiP L ;PUL ,.~ INb a Camp Drum Army PEGIALWANDLING Ap roved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 4.7 Flight Analyzer A significant amount of information or target idea Materials analysis can be accomplished by qualitative and quantitative density measurements on the correlated d I c n To obtain meaningful density rae csx a nts, the contrast or grey, the correlated film must onably a tabilised by of within the total equipment. In conventional radar the relative, density control on the output map is accomplished simply by sensitivity and gain stabi.ltaatitn however, with a coherent equipment it is not accomplished. It is therefore the Intent program to design and install in the F-1031 wha adi,ly ,a part of the ight analyzer" after a study phase has been completed to determine the method and practicality of contrast stab it izatior. Essentially the "flight analyzer"' is to be a fe radar monitor available to the and control, panel for signal stabilization on the dopp:ler d cording. The data displayed on this monitor is the result of a reference signal injected into the radar at frequencies. The control of the doppler data is anticipated to ooplieh the required degree of stabilized contrast or grey tone renditi in the correlated data. Surface Ship Imaging The n arrnal mode of onerat i or# for the A d targets which are represented by a doDpler f proportional to the aircraft ground speed. Moving Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78B04770A002000070000 surveitlan- ce uency ets such IDLING A EgAtorr U2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 as the Navy ships in operation requirement with the result that the hologrSm rep rthe incorrect frequencies f o 3. To prev en.t this, It to neces data recorder ar a 25X1 en the bandwidth o $ a l8at ' for the doppler change equivalent to the target velocit; . To obtain wider recorder track bandwidth, posed that tht data film speed be increased fr+ 1.22 inches per seed 1. to oVe 2.0 inches per second. To compensate the radar for th3 target .y it is proposed that a simple calculator based on the dead-reckoning principle he used. tnual l y set-in lasts will be the velocity and heading of the aircraft and target. Approved For Release 2005/0516$r CIA-RDP78B04770A00200089QQ))11 6 y SNi iG S "MAbr F3tase 2005/05/02: CIA-RDP78B0477OA002000070008-6 5.0 5.3. Radar Data Evaluation Extend the evaluation of coherent SLR data to further Improve the mathematical probability of tabulated information on: Target detection, oriental f icat ion . Vegetation, foliage,shadc vs, camouflage and precipitation effects. ChanRRe detection cognition and dent#..w ive cover aapabtli rail yards, airports, ship yards, missile sites, and onstruction areas. 5.2 Target Identification Matrix Prepare detail correlations on various finite targets and construct an identification matrix for each target where a sufficient quantity of data is available. The coordinates of this matrix are to be azimuth and elevation aspect angles. 5.3 Special Analysis Techniques Continue evaluation of special analysis techniques which im- prove or enhance the SLR map presentation for use by the RI. These areas of evaluation are; a) Photo processes, procedures and materials, which aid in enhancing small signal return and accentuation of contrast. atial frequency response variations in the eorrelatio ata by addition of derivatives of the original to final picture. _11- Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 ' PECIA-_HANOLING App KIForIAI f`s'A305/05/02: CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 5.4 Military Exercises Conduct SLR surveillance of military field and set: exercises and issue' a report for each exercise. 5.5 XA -45-A Camera Support KA-45-A aerial reconnaissance camera in the following, areas*, a) Non routine flight support and maintenance. b) Return of camera to manufacturer for repair and ad justrnent . c) Process and evaluate f l igh 5.6 R. I. Handbook Write and publish an interpreters handbook for coherent radar containing the following topics. correlator, and resultant imagery). Syat*_-+s description and character b) Error and Distortion Recognition a) ?*nauration Methods. a two phase program which d) Environmental Effects (weather, ground condition, tin de,, vegetation 5.7 Flight Analyzer apability of Stabilized contrast to Al -93 an command from the radar operator. The program phases are : a) Study the feasibility and methods for, stabilizing the contrast or the APQ-93. and After succesefu e "A" of the progr design, fabricate, and install a flight analyzer in A-93 system. Approved For Release 2005/051?2:"CIA-RDP78BO477OA0020000700?$ Ap i lA-oIr LU 005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 5.8 Surface Ship Imaging Conduct a design., modification, and fabrication program which will add to the APQ--93 the capability of a wider azimuth data bandwidth and doppler frequency estimation on moving targets. These moving targets Shall be limited to marine surface ships at a speed lose than 40 knots. 5.9 Reporting The reports issued for documentation of this program shall be issued according to the following: Reporting for military exercises (5.M) Shall completed n+ inally 30 days after cc npletion of the Progress reporting; for the program shall consist of 3 bimonthly reports each of which are to be completed during the month following the bimonthly period. Approved For Release 2005/05%A CIA-RDP78B04770A0020QQQ7PQQ a .ea LNG Approved For Release 2005 TASK II I D Matr=i_Y ) TASK III ( pecial Analysis Techniques) . ~ ~-_~_........ .....e...,.r...____~,..._.a..,.~. TASK IV TASK V KA--4 5 A Camer,r ) TASK VI I. Hardboolc ) TASK VII ('Tight Analyzer) Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 STAT Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6 Approved For Release 2005/05/02 : CIA-RDP78BO477OA002000070008-6