SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ALTSHULER, L. M. - ALTSHULER, N. S.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000101210008-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 20, 2001
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

AL-TSH=R, L. M.
"Analytical Mtermination of a Tube Temperature in a Half-
Intinite Massive."
Report submitted for the Conference on Heat and Mass Transfer,
Minsk, BSSII, June 1961.

ALITSHULLPR, L.M.
Temperature field of a cylindrical source in a half-limited
block (with awnnary in English]. Inzh.-fiz. zhur. 4 no.3*
64-71 Mr 161, OAIRA 14:8)
1. Seliskokhozyaystvennyy institut, g. Leningrad.
(Thermodynamics)

GOLIDBERG, Prinimali uchastiye: MLOCHNYYJP V.B.;
ZHARIKOVA, V.I.
Macroscopic kinetics and the mechanism-of urea syntbesis from
ammonia and carbon dioxide. Khim.prom. no.91638-642 S 162.
(MIRA 15:11)
(Urea) (Ammonia) (Carbon dioxide)

GOLIDBERG, N.A.; AWTSHULER, L.N.
Macroscopic kinetics and mechanism of the Wth?ais of urea from ammonia
and carbon dioxide. Klilm.prom. n0-104-57 Ja 64. (MIRA 17:2)

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:i!I It P cc,
iV

56-34-4-14/6o
AUTHORS: -AlItShulpr~# L. V., Krupnikov, K. K., Ledeney, B. N.,
Zhuchikhing Brazhnik, M. 1.
TITLE: The Dynamic Compressibility and the Equation of State of
Iron at High Pressures (Dinamichaskaya szhimayemost' i urav-
neniye sostoyM~Iya pri vy9okikh daylaniyakh)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal eksperivental!noy i tooraticheskoy fiziki, 1958,
Vol. 34, Nr 4, PP. 874- 685 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This work discusses 2 methods for the description of the dy-
namio compressibility of materials, which are based upon the
determination of the kinematic parameters - the propagation
velocity and the mass 7elocity of the material behind the front.
The measurement of wave velocities by means of donors being
mounted in the path of the shock wave is relatively simple. In
contrast to this the immediate obseryation of the mass velooity
is impossible in most of the cases.The authors worked out 2
methods for the complex determination of the kinematic parame-
Card I tars of the wave, namely the "method of repelling" and the

The Dynamlo Compressibility and the Equution of State of 56-34-4-14/6o
Iron at 111gh Pressures
"method of slowing down". In the method of repelling the pro-
pagation of a strong crack is investigated, which forms on the
occasion of the reflection of a debnation wave at an elastic
obstacle. The experimentally measurable quantities on this
occasion are the wave velocity D and the velocity W of the
displacement of the free surface of the obstacle on the initial
part of the trajectory. W is approximately equal to the double
mass velocity of the substance behind the wave front. The veloC-
.tity of motion W is obtained by the material of the obstacle
under the action of two different processeaq namely of the
shook-like transition from the state Po M 0; v0 into the state
PI; Y1, and of the subsequent isentropic expansion in the on-
coating relief wave. The second paragraph duals with the-method
of the investigation and with the experimental technique. The
third paragraph reports on the dynamic adiabatic line of the
iron. A table gives the parameters of all experimentally stated
figurative points of the adiabatic curve of the shock in iron.
Card 2,111 Within the whole investigated domain of the mass velocities
I.,

The Dynamic Compressibility and the Equation of State 56-34-4-14/6o
of Iron at High Pressures
from U - 110 to U - 5,17 km/sec the linear relationship
D -3,8o + 1,58 U is valid for the propagation velocity D of
the shock wave. In the next paragraph the compression of
iron at the temperature zero is computed and in the last
paragraph the curve of the compressibility of iron is extra-
polated to the domain of relatively low degrees of compression.
The developed method allows to fix the dynamic adiabatic curve
of iron with different initial d7ngity within the interval
of pressures of from 4,jo5 to 5p 0 atmospheres. The dynamic
adiabatic curve of porous iron with decreased initial density
is in the diagram pressure - density considerably higher than
the aliabatic of the compact material which speaks for the
great influence of the thermic component in the shock-like
compression. The authors derived an empirical equation of
state of iron and ascertained the course of the curve of the
cold compressibility unto the densities 9 -a 1,7yo. This work was
carried out on the initiative by Ya.B.Zelldovich. The authors
Card 3 also mention thecapperation of a number of other authors.

56-34-4-15/6o
AUTHORS: - ALI_taWAE_1 _L. I. Krupnikoyj K. K., Brazhnik, M. I.
TITLE: The Dynamic Compressibility of Metals Under Pressures of
From 400 000 to 4 Million Atmospheres (Dinamicheskaya szhimaye,7
most' metallov pri dayleniyakh ot chetyrakhsot tysyach do
chetyrekh millionoy atmosfer)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki, 1958,
Vol. 34, Nr 4, pp. 886 - 893 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This paper reporks on the bases of a method for the experimental
determination of the dynamic compressibility of copper, zinc,
cadmium, tin, silver, gold, lead, and bismuth at pressures of
from 400 000 to 4 000 000 atmospheres. In the case of all these
materials the knowledge of only one dynamic adiabatic curve is
not sufficient for the determination of the equations of state,
which establish a relation between the pressure and the tempe-
ratura and density. Yet the data on the shook-like compressi-
bility at pressures of hundred thousands and millions of atmos-
Card 1/3 pheres are very valuable for the verification of the theoretical

The Dynamit; Compressibility of Metals Under 56-34-4-15/6o
Pressures *f From 400 000 to 4 Million Atmospheres
ideas on the behaviour of matter on ouch conditions. The
authors investigate the transition of a shook wave with known
amplitude frot the medium A into the substance B. The experi-
mental method is discussed in detail. A plans shook wave
caused by an explosion passed an iron shield to which samples
of iron and of the materials to be investigated were pressed.
The 3 series of experiments differ in the pressure of the
shook wave in the shield. The propagation velocities of the
shook wave obtained in these experiments are composed in a
table. There are also given the parameters of the shook waves
in the iron shields and 'the initial densities go of the in-
vestigated samples. In all investigated metals, with the ex-
ception of tin, the dependence of the displacement velocity
D of the wave front in the undisturbed medium on the yelocity
U of matter behind the ways front for U > 1 km/sec is suffi-
ciently exactly approximated by linear relationshipsof the
kind D - Of +X U. The degree of compression in a certain way
0
depends on the initial atom volume. In the case of increasing
Card 2/3 pressures the wave velocity and the mean modulus of the shook-

The Dynamic Compressibility of Uetals Under 56-34-4-15/6o
Pressures of From 400 000 to 4 Million itmoapheres
-like compression increase for many times. The authors thank
A.N.Koleanikova, S.N.Pokroyskiy, A.L.ZhiryakOTp M.M.PayloTakiy
and V.P.Drakin for their cooperation in this work. There are
5 figuresp 5 tables and 3 references, 2 of which are SOTiGt.
SUBMITTED: December 28, 1957
1. Motals--Meahanical proportieB
Card 3/3

SOV/2o-121-1-17/55
LUTHORS __Al_ttzhulev-~. %, Bakanovap A* A., Trunin, R. F.
......................
T IT 1Z-; Phase Transformations Whon 'Yater Ts Compressed by Strong
Shook Vavea (Fazovy,,.,-e prevrashcheniya pri -zhatii vody sill-
nymi udarnymi volnami)
EZRIODICAL: Dok1ndy Akadenii nauk 30SR, 1955P '101- 121, ?!r 1,pp. 67-69
( U 9 S "R )
ABSTRACT.- This paper gives a report on the shock-like compresvion of
rater in the ranre of prescures from 20 000 to 800 000 at-
nospheres. On this occasion the Idnematic parameters of the
sho-,k wave, numely, its velocity of propagation D and mass
velocity U of matter behind the wave.front, were measured.
Because.of the laws of conservation of mass and momentum
these parameters are connected with the density of the shock-
like compression Q n Q D/(D - U) and with the pressure
P M Q0DUI Q 0 denot ea tfle density of matter before the com-
preesion. The method of investigation can be simplified very
much when the shock wave is lead to the layer of 'the substance
Card 1/9 to be investigated through shields of a material with known

3OV/2o-121-1-17/55
Phase Transformation ';hen Water Is Compressed by Strong 'Shook M~ves
Hugoniot (Gyugonio) adiabatii~ line of the shock compression.
The quantities measurable by experiment are the speed of the
shock waves in the shield and in rater. The dynamical adia-
batic line of water consists of two sections which with their
ends fix the region of phase transition. The existence-of t1r
phase transition is also proved by the decrease in trans-
parency of water when a shock wave of sufficiently high
amplitude of pressure P > P goes through. In the ca.se of
shock waves with an amplituh of pressure P < P the. trans-
parency does not change. There are 4 figures ana 5 references,
1 of which is Soviet.
PRESENTED: January 17, 1956, by Yu. B. Kharitonov, Member, Acad.emy,of
Scicnaes, USSR
SUBMITTED: November 26, 1957
1. Water--Pressure 2. Water--Properties 3. Phase transitions
4. Shock waves-Velocity 5. Shock waves-Physical effects
Card 2/2

3/056/6o/03D/03/14/03~
B006/BO14
AUTHORS: AlItshuler, L, V.9 Kormer~ S.-B., Bakanovat At At, Trunin, R,_E-
_Z_~ -A A
Leadvin
the High-
TITLEs Equation of State for Aluminum, Copper, and
preseui~ Range
PERIODICALs Zhurnal 4koperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fizikip 19601,
Vol- 36, No- 39 PP- 790-798
TEXTs In tho present paper, the authors discuss the conclusions applying to
aluminum, copper, and lead, as result from an equation deviating from 'the
Mie - Grueneisen solid-state equation. The equation considered by the authors
deviates in that it holds within a wide pressure- and temperature rangil, and
that the thermal electron components of energy and pressure are taken Into
account. Moreover, data are furn shed concernin,& dynamic compression ar
aluminum up to pressures of 2.10 atm, and results of new easurementg of
the compreavibility of copper, lead, and iron at 106, 2.1J# and 4-10 atm
are offered., Numerous theoretical and experimental details concerning the
adiabatics of these three metals are discussed in the introduction, with
special regard to the collision adiabatics (Ye. I. Zababakhin, Yu. F.
Card 1/3

82hl5
Equation of State for Aluminum, Copper, and Lead S/056/60/038/03/14/033
in the High-pressure Range BW B014
Alekseyev). Arfsatzes for the equation of state and internal energy have the
form P - P int; :I- Ptherm + P exo and E - E int + E therm + Eexc (2). The first
terms-of these sums characterize the interaction of atoms at OOK, the second
teAsare thermal ones determined by lattice vibrations, and the third terms
are -determined by the thermal excitations of electrons. In the following,
the various terms are written down explicitly; and finally, the following
explicit expressions are obtained for pressure and temperatures
P vp
P P int + v IT-T 0+E /Cv'1 + 14 %/q. (vo/v)'/'T' and
vok ) + 'I AO(vlv,)112 2
Pint dir + E0+ C vp (T-T0 2 T . According to equatior. (1)
for the dynaraic adiabatios P a .,Zak(T dynamic experiments permitted
a determinatlon of preasure P and also of energy E ' E + 1P
G G 0 2 G(vo - v)'
Results of computations for aluminum are given in Table 5, for copper in
Table 6, and for lead in Table 7. As is shown by Figs. 1 and 2, thermal.
Card 2/3 1>1'

12'quation of State for Aluminum, Copp,;r, and Lead S/056/60/038/03/14,/035
in the High-pressure Range Boo6/BO14
pressure plays an import'ant part in the compression of metals by strong shock
waves. For the pressures 216.1010 bars (Al), 388.1010 bars (CU), and
401-10 10 bars (Pb), the thermal pressure components amounted to 59-10 10
115-101 09 and 124olO 10 bars. For the same rOssurest the thermal energy com-
ponent was 57% (Al), 6C% (Cu), and 69% (Pb~. Finallyp the authors thank
A. I. Funtikov. R. V. Malyahev, and I. P. Dudoladov, as well as Professor
K. Ao Semendya"r for their asaistance, adviceq and discussions, L~ D. Lprdau
is alsonentioned in -this article. There are 2 figures, 7 tabloo, and
14 referencesp 4 of which are Soviet.
SUBMITTEDs October 7P 1959
Card 3/3

83715
S/056/60/038/004/006/048
A14 4100 B019/ '0070
AUTHORS: -Al'tphuloX,_jj.,J., Kormer,, S. B., Brazhnik, M. I.
Vladimirov, L. A., SperanskayW,._i.-F.,-'Fi,ntikov,
TITLE: The Isoentropic Compressibility of Aluminum.4-smer I 'bead,
and Iron t High Pressures
PERIODICALt Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy I teoreticheskoy fiziki, inl6o,-
Vol. 38, No- 4t pp. 1061-1073
TEM Now methods of investigation of the properties of materials at
high pres~iures depend on the application of shock waves. Two parameters
are determined% tho velocity of propagation of the shock waves, and. the
particle velocity at the front, which enable the pressure and the elenlity
of the ahock compression t-) be determined. Another Important kinematic
parameter is the velocity of sound in the shock compressed material. This
quantity characterizes the velocity of propagation of saiall disturloances
in the compressed material. These small disturbances aro weak shook waves
and discharge waves, and are of importance in geophysical and other
similar investigations. In the present paper, a method is suggested for
Card 1/3

83715
The Isoentropic Compressibility of Aluminum, S/056/60/036/004/0;)6/048
Copper, Lead, and Iron at High Pressures BO-19/BO70
the measuroment of the velocity of sound in the front of strong shook
waves, and results ofJnvestigatiogs for aluminum, lead, and Iron for the
pressures between 4-1 and_3. Latm. are given. In the first section a
method of measuring the velocity of sound is given which depends on
measurement with the discharge waves, In this method the decrease of
pressure due to the.superposition of the discharge ant] dilatation wavea
in the zone of the boundary of the sample in the form of a stopwise built
cylinder is measured photochronographically. In the second section,
elastic and plastic discharge waves are discussed. In the third part, a
method of measurement is discussed in which the collision of a plate and
a sample from a material of known dynamic adiabatios is studied. ThJa
method leads to an experimental determination of the trajectories of tho
shook waves, and to the measurement of the particle velocities at orle or
more points of these trajectories. In the fourth part, the data givun in
Tables 2, 3, 4, and 5 are discussed in detail. In the last two sections,
the isoentropic compressibility of the metals, and the upper limit of
"cold" compression are studied on the basis of the results obtained here;
and an estimate of the thermal energy and the temperaturE is made. jn the
present paper, the existence of two sound velocities corresponding to the
Card 2/3

f
83715
The Isoentropic Compressibility of Aluminum, S/056/60/038/004/08/048
Copper, Lead, and Iron at High Pressures B019/BO70
elastic and plastic states of matter are established. The velocities of
sound, and the isoentropic coutpressibilities in the above mentioned pres-
sure ranee, the estimator. of thermal enorgies; the temperature of sLock
compression; and the coefficionts are giver. ill tables. Yu. M.
Shustov is mentioned. The paper was started in 1948 on the initiative of
Aci_.demiciam Ya. '19. Zolldovich. The Corroopondint; 14ember of the AS U1,SR
Ye. 1. Zababakhin is thanked for many valuable advices. K. X. Krupnikov,
B. 17. Ledenov, and A.-A. Bakanova are thanked for discussions. Profe or
V. A. TBukarman and his collougues I. Sh. Model' and 11. A. Kanunov helped
in the conatructional problems. Some data wore obtained from V.I.Torodulin-
N.S. Tenigjr, A. 14. Kolesnikova, L. N. Gorelova, and W. S. Shvetsov
helpL.-d in the exporimurtal ,;ork. There are 10 fi,:;ures, 7 tables, and
references: 5 Soviet and 7/ US.
SUBI*.,ITTED. October 7, 1959 (initially), January 3, 1960 (after
rovicion)
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S/056/60/039/01/02/0'd!g
B0060070
AUTHORSt Alltshuler, L. V., Kuleshova, L. V., Pavlovskiy, M. N.
TITLE: Dynamical Compressibility, Equation of State, and.Electrical.
Conduoti it f Sodium Chloride at High Pressures
iLiY
PERIODICAM Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki, 1960,
Vol. 39, No- 1 (7), pp. 16-24
TEXT: The authors report on the compressibility and conductivity of
single crystals of rock-salt under pressures ranging from 500103 to
800-103 atm. That many dielectrics show much higher conductivity during
the passage of shock waves, was discovered by A. A. Brishp M. S.
Tarasov, and; V. A. Taukerman in 1950. A similar effect in dynamically
loaded ionic and molecular crystals was detected in 1956. The relation-
ship between the dynamical and electrical properties, and the character-
istic of shcock waves has, however, not yet been investigated. To do a.)
was the purpose of the present work. Thl)dynamical compressibility of
single crystals of rock-salt (2.16 g/cm was measured by a method
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Dynamical Compressibility, Equation of State, 5/05 60/039/01/02/029
and Electrical Conduotivity of Sodium Chloride B06Y2070
at High Pressures
described in Ref- 5. The parameters of the measured shook adisbaties are V/C
compiled in Table 1. Fig. I shows the DU-diagram of the shook adiabatics,
D and U denoting the wave and mass velocities of the shook wave. The
highest a li d pressure increased the crystal density 1-85 times. Fig. 2
(p
shows P9 and Fig.. 3 P(6); P9 denotes the pressure of shook compres-
sion, b - Vol[/v, v is the specific voluTe behind the shook wave in the
initial state, and v OK is the same at OOK. In the following, the volume
dependence o:r GrUneisen coefficients r(~) is investigated starting from
an expression due to Slater and L. D. Landau, and also from one in Ref. 9.
Two expressions (7a) and (7b) are obtained giving r as a function of
n and S. n is a parameter taken from the theory of ionic crystals and
lies between 7-84 and 9.1 (Refs. 10 and 11). The two r-formulas are
again transformed into (9a) and (9b) which give ~ as functions of S,
the lattice parameter ?, and the interatomic distance r. Analysis show*
that, in the range of densities investigated, the repulsive force may '~e
represented J.n the form Be-r/? with 0.318 A. In this range the
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- LLITSHLILER9 L.V.; KOMM9 S.B.
Internal struoturo of the earth.
no.1233-37 A 161*
(Earth-Internal
Isv. AN SSSR. Ser geof1s; I
tHIM 34 1
struoture)

2372P
ILI 1 t3' S/057/61/031/001610121101C
B1161B203
AUTHORS: AlItshuleri L. V. and Petrunin, A. P.
TITLE: X-ray study of the compressibility of light substances in
slanting collision of shook waves
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal takhnichoskoy fiziki, v. 31, no. 6, 1961, 717-725
TEXT; The present paper describes an X-ray method for studying regular
slanting reflections and slanting collisions of shock waves in solids and
liquids. The method serves for determining the pressures and densities
in the region of stepwise "twofold" compression behind the front of
reflected shock waves. The authors investigated light metals (magnesium,
aluminum) and light-atom compounds diaphanous to X-rays (water, paraffin,
plexilglass). They found, for all substances in the area of reflection,
high densities and pressures of 600,000 - 900,000 kg/cm exceeding by a
multiple tho prousures of shock waves before collision. Reflections with
relatively small angles of incidence of shock waves are studied. It is
shown that the parameters of the incident waves and the angle formed ' by
the front of the reflected shock wave with the reflection plane must be
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23728
S/057/61/031/oo6/o12/o19
X-ray study of the compressibility ... B116/B203
known to determine the parameters in the region of twofold oomprension.
For determining this angle, the authors used the pulse radiography
illustrating the momentary position of shock waves within the X-rayed
specimen. To illustrate the method, they first study the collision of
waves of the same intensity (reflection of a wave from an absolutely rigid
obstacle)(Fig. 2). In regular reflection, the space above the reflecting
wall is divided into three rej;iona: 11011 is the region of rest, 11111 is the
region of a single shock-comi ')rcssion between the fronts of the incident
and the reflected wave, 11211 is the region of twofold shock-compression
between the front of the reflected wave and the obstacle. Fig. 2 shows
the position of the incident and of the reflected wave for two points of
time. q are the velocities of the substance flow. The following equations
are written down: D3s = D, in P _,_ Ut Cos (a
sin a
Cos a
A U.2 = U1 (2)
82=01 Dj2 (3)
D12 - YU-It
Pt = P, -i- poajDj,AUj,, (4)
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S/057/61/031/006/012/019
X-ray study of the compressibility ... B116/B203
D1 is the velocity of the incident shock wave, D 12 that of the reflected
wave, U1 is the mass velocity behind the front of the incident wave,
LIU 12 is the chan&e of mass velocity at the front of the reflected wave.
is the density of the substanoe at
~2 2 / ?o *' "l - '1/"o; ?,)' ~1' 12
rest, in single, and in twofold shock-compression, respectivelyi F I is the
pressure in 11111, and P1, in 112". It follows from M - (4) that the
Parameters c~:ipres.,;ion are uniquely determined by the para-
meters of the inci.,,Ient wave, the an6le of incidence a, and the reflection
anale p. The parameteri of the incident nave are found by usual dynamio
methods, while u is given by the test conditions. P is determined from
the X-ray pictures tit the instant of collision of shock raves. Now, the
authors study the reflection of shock waves from an elastic
obstacle 3) ass,.iminlg that P2=?3(pressure of the shock wave in the
obstacle), ard the flovv behind the reflected wave moves in parallel to the
U, -Ain (a -i-
obstacle. Dintead of (2 On I
Au"=U,"Osa- (2&)
cus cos t) sin a Cos
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S/057/61/031/006/012/019
X.-ray study of the compressibility ... B116/B203
is written down for this case. The angle c_ can be determined, like
from the X-ray picture. Figs. 4 and 5 show the arrangement of experiments.