EXCERPTS FROM TASK FORCE REPORT ON INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES MAY 1955 APPENDIX II

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86B00269R000100060001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 36
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 22, 2002
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 1, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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Excerpts from flask Force Report
on
Intelligence Activities
May 1955
Appendix II
Prepared by the Commission on Organization of the
Executive Branch of the Government
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D
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aae ~M-x'
rived eves a marked frs aesa, courtesy,
Deputy Hirectorf p3sao, , and mimsibere at their
and expreaees herewith a keen aviation to
rive ,#mtts for their persacwal. Interest and assis se, office specs,
#.ea roei Ion., aced' othdr servims iacldent to the survey.
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~s S
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Us, 1 VW6tICU arm as to the ewe of .ny reascrsable
owsbip of the std-4or opexMicas of CIA, as now being
affecting the raatto al security.'" As far as CIA is cancer t
by the atoreassr'ticned IIMC di reective ar A the legality thereof
icseed by the DCI, particularly since the Gei x*l Counsel of the
expressed the won that the action taken by NBC is in conformity
the surveying officer coders the question > , it does
this timaeee, with extensive vor]d-vide covert operaetians in
or idsticrn in the matter, particularly in rasa
br Pon" of the M10f Div e, aho is entirely witti to the
a g e nc y of t h e Goverment.. ez*Tt CIA, a
Ovievtt-4-awJ1 bast for the Office of Special Projects.
30)
so of ftecial Fro:
should be continued as a c
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...Te staff and operational or ni.sation of the Clandestine Services has not
a of function in the past, due pally to an inherent
el4i ass, pet-'-.y to a sesUm veakness in the chain of control, and partly
that, from the begimmisy of cold-wr operation, representatives
' t DeVartneut Cat . $"te have dictated lxrgmIy, by direct contacts at low
Volatiocal l 1, the policy and specific operations of CIA in the field
at pvydxdvZica3. verfare vithx ut j;cd through the iCI to do so. This circtsa-
haa often resulted in cmfusion, loss at ~trative control, ineffi-
tion, end Sometime, a D nettal ire on the part of responsible
officials a s to operations bolzg init laVed. Vhile both Mate and CIA have
to provide prqvr liaison channels betvecn their respective
ciidered by the surveying officer that the problem is of
3a i~ to varre nt solution by different mww., as will be discussed
atianl control b" been ndv effected, also,
direct dmlix with the Clandestine Services at staff or divisional
:morel an the part of the WI.
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re Xt AMS
the entire admim"tz-At 3*61e,i wqpv=t of the mft
:dared b7 the awr'veyiug otflow
Otructare of the Clandestine 8erviees c C A, whLla a VrQgrmw
te in tom{
overt xt44P
of a dim ece t vribout qty at his am to
eVend his t t is of
It bas f tber that the I)IP )*s bay
t ofb"ams
sxa staff xWedure - 3 xt to
`eabou mee and to the fleld, s
ve of tbia DCI
fib, bsve been
t Ms aL the tOin the
that it be& been by
that of bie c x*t
jib of over jersamel of tbs g with the dew
into
e t r + s t v e
and t o e a l sqMWt
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branches for all those sit tents necessary to the
tion of his office, such as personnel, training
so-called administrative staffs are 3.ar . This has been, and
orsonization will cootie to be, a necessary but wasteful
of personnel which might, well be eli_tinnted at considerable saving
ran is of CSC 10/2 carried out and the
now a pert of the C3 stine Services.. roads c lately
ea to operate hided, entiy of oar caplpownts of CU.
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mat the 0"1" Of 3geciel pro,
ntc of C A, as teems the Intlut of at
now & put of
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Warfa ree
o f t h e over-aU eowart p i * x d s pro of the C3anriest
lode initially Its t sance Value,, t iah the i
to be its greatest asset in the cold-ar propen. Without
facilittiees being Iced V ? IA, ' ch is Impusible to deter a with a
acusidwration of the potential radio audience served by
or of the m 1, and spirits . earth of
the program aln ed at the =0 and its seta to s, it to a swot worth citing
Soviet wxtbwitJL*o are t+g
preventive A ssures to
fret reaching the intended listeners within the met orbit.
A& extensive rssuiastitn of the broadcasting lves reveals
both 02*VWiy sni sens' ly peed a
of the sponsored and tied by CIA ban
a low Mid Vwti period of eo tati t f AwwbW
to be net &A disposed
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the mmeavlable teak of the destine Services at CTA to xs 3.d
groups into cabosivo,, mam 1 t s 'ere deal
the mMOtl or
and it it to
tbs7 gym &MWMY 6*V the
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facilities 'are !oim to be operating on an
A wit to that :site diacloce*d a 2avi&- instalUia-,
mod by no new in bring with t deed neev a
cC %be C for dam.
;o tin requUmmut- of the activity, coating s
Smamuse it is evident thst then covert emigre p eA fecilit es
Mme& at the USO and Its tote lltes, have become am' beet vempow in the
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by t ! are
.vtties of the
is it herd p+cihle
give, a fair astir tom.
not well stauag
prpg for : ycshalogiml
d3 to cis asks
berot4ft" be and the cc of of rasp r3,lel t officisas of the
The VWOSM ' b said to have failed, hum"Wo in
Vorld
the tree
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,Y
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of funds for all projects at p e bolo al it arf*re
areae#, M" particularly for propagar , bas been a Listen r
too fr antly interfered With
since the Ong of the wid-var . This inter*ntiu
in the pro6m by such re preset atives, ibow i is
bee at tints in
of the Clandestine dsrrric es, but in serious
`ir nzcisl 3 rss to the G*mr +a1 o, without a frsir menu= of Skinfa
Th mdg et bone been M bed the l been given long-
at hfgbsr eta Depar ast 3,aYSI and had. been pore tted t to
or, better stitl,, had C sr a dearly defined the
the DCI in carrying out his -veer mission.
the DG1 solar it ility for
at the Cyst bloc. ire in C
wtaining to this mission is it indicated that the DCT.'s ro
be dei t.d to, or abszvd vith, any other
a lined that seEt3.t ml policy in f sigh sfibars i
aerrtaiu aYMS Liana time to time, SSW erstioMl moastn'ee
Be changes must be 000MMted vith the t ld..
the saliSut fwtuxss
their 000410t
hoiogical
payebologi.
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sre arcs aria eiAt-r
of q"d*tian is the
(2
respect
the tsr mbou2d zocel a tt attention of a
s I.,ml ed ea A in a der tbat mW have a 3 fte gam
a,Ltodstiaa of fun" posed by the = fcr peye c- .
at t U N01 f+ ar rurtIIW-aA .val of
the I rk of State God, the
at ww" at any tam
uma po .ititar3 as star' policy',, to ?t ean, awn?
in any air amvarxal araaes,
being off.cte It or we to be
also tom: to IM=
not yret
old-air sctiviti es. It IRS pUdal*
Group of
IMPlt aatian
aatia ma calf.-wear may,, that suitable icy advice d
by gaited r a rtsti Of the Lary
of Defy for peaeatime- covert rat . ile t
in
Of and
a'fa' it is clearly inticatAd tbeat t a s fez' as % be
teas a a s pi
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spe #rical3y dAm
'ea 1. vbO have eats iadeper~t e l r Up= such advice as bei authw tative
at IBC 14"1 to 0
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(Pages 25-26)
Political Warfare
Major successes have been achieved by the Clandestine Services of CIA
in political warfare operations in
These operations have been marked by sound. d
ng, discretion and finesse.
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.....Lesser political warfare successes have beep achieved here and there in
No attempt is made here to estimate the worth
of all these operations to the Government.
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This program has failed. It should be pointed out, however, in any discussion
of the protects involved, that these were seldom of the Clandestine Services'
choosing, but were initiated at the request and sometimes urgency of other
Government agencies.
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These larger.' operations, which ca=t be assessed as to their worth to
the cold-war effort, have been of inestimasble value to the Clandestine Services
in the development of personnel trained in such operation and in operational
experience gained in this field.
only full-scale, hind-tin clashes between the tangible cold-wax assets of CIA
assets of the Soviet orbit. Each instance was a signal triumph for
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hami-litary
.....CIA has been unduly hesitant to push its own plans for hot-war usage of
its potential, because of stumbling blocks placed by the military- to repeated
proposals of the DCI for the use of CIA in the field of unconventional warfare.
.....The military also has been slow to forward its own plans for unconventional
warfare. There have always been differences of opinion between CIA and the
Department of Defense as to the proper employment of CIA assets in hot war.
.....In light of the prolonged unresolved differences affecting both agencies
was the responsibility of the DCI to take such action, as prescribed by
10/2, still in force and effect during the full period of disagreement.
.....While CIA has for some time had its awa strategic war plan, based upon
the Annex cited, such plan is incomplete and totally uncoordinated, even within
the confines of the DD/P Complex.
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cmclusi
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... , .' 't ation being ovi wd an the
attention bas been paid In the pest
ty of aold-fir operstiam Bove
but egaaUy as f e 'ta r* ibili'
5 for conducting "Viotw4p and cauutemApi
co lectio n at foreign inte.Uignce.
lai~tlli n~ pct (Fl) and
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staffs are too large and
eesteriallyf releasing eery evadable individusi galifted in
to
in tflrti t inteili ce qPerstions,
re re nts or the TI marf, partly on their am Initiative.
s,
to the neglect at important toe
by the TI Otaff . ' hus, the lack of
ine Sea 4*$ previously csmeee
militates so
interests of the a*tict l ink a ca=mity`. Too mxh effort has been
of the Iron Curtain in caroari
aeimot the VIM its rlf .
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? ... ,Agent infiltration into most of the satellite countries is not too diff i-
but the information to be gained there is of little value concerning the
USSR proper. Shallow penetrations of the USSR through the Baltic states have
valuable intelligence. For each successful operation in this area,
however, several others fwil, and because of difficulties encountered there
has been an unjustifiable lack of persistence in the program of penetrations.
The situation offers a serious challenge and should be reexamined by CIA
officials.
....The field of espionage and counterespionage a9Ainst the Soviets has
been fully explored by CTA as a whole and deserves the best thinking
the part of its most capable and experienced personnel, as well as the establish-
ment of an internal organization which can assure the proper discharge of the
DCI to responsibility in this awe field.
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36)
in
..,.,The surveying officer considers that the covert intelligence efforts of
CIA in this area are not well conceived or pushed with sufficient energy.
serious financial losses in Govern
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scent funds were incurred in foreign intelligence projects in the esrly days
of the cold-war program. Two ec cabin d. foreign intelligence-propag nda-
par ilitary projects, mainly to aid resistance ele ntse
0
lvmdegtine seigre groups and initiated in 1950, were penetrated by the
and the Clandestine Services suffered a monetary loss or
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to CIA by prominent Gioverent officials and private citizens as to the bona
fides of the emigre leaders, and, to a lack of personal research and preliminary
investigation on the part of D/? personnel initiating and monitoring these
same projects.
These losses were due chiefly to poor
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38-39)
Ca~ulusions
.r rrrr~r
That the best efforts of CIA should be evoteed to intensifying the program
of espionage, and counterespionage against Soviet targets.
That those elements of the Clandestine Services engaged in cow
laction of foreign intelligence should be removed fran integration with the
-var, elements and should be reorganized as a self-supporting, permanent
lligence unit composed of specially selected individuals; this unit
to be expanded as rapidly as possible to such strength
discharge properly the assigned responsibility of the DCI in the field of
espionage and counterespionage
_ ~ 6 f e 1 i. _
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Next 1 Page(s) In Document Exempt
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(Pages 44-k5)
Perms
... surveying officer, while concurring ci pletely in the apparent will
of the Congress that CIA be strictly a civilian agency of the government,
expresses the belief that for the continued perio& of the next ter, years it
would be to the best interest of the Government to relax the limitations of
law with respect to the hiring of retired officers or warrant officers by
that the Agency should be encouraged to explore the domestic business
view to obtaining high-type individuals suited for the purpose
.....It was noted in some divisions and sections of the Clandestine Services
that such interest and leadership were absent, to the detriment of the interest
and efforts of personnel employed therein. This eosnt is applicable, also,
to the DD/P himself. Many section chiefs and old employees of the Clandestine
Services not only have not met his but also do not even recognise him by
sigh
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Be 3~
. ..Every reasonable precaution to protect the best interests of the t rern-
nt, s uritt-wise, both duestic nth overseas, is being rcised. The
ysteae is efficient, ccs:Epreeheasivee, and well directed.
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t
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eebn cftI 3e? .vices S tZ
.....It was reportet by CIA personnel
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C,;1
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Page 49)
T -cbnic&'L Services Staff
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been unsuccessful in accomplishing their purpose due to a lack of business
acumen and proper planning on the part of M /,P personnel initiating and
supervising them and the practice in the past of bypassing the General Coun-
the Comptroller, and the Commercial Division, on the grounds of security,
when such undertakings were begun.
Project Control Measures
As a result of experiences gained in trial-and-error procedures of
operation since the inception of the cold-war program, the Agency has gradually
instituted a series of satisfactory operational controls. These are well con-
ceived and are designed to insure a careful consideration by competent CIA
representatives of covert projects. The creation of a Project Administrative
Plans Staff (PAPS) in 1953, to sit as a board in the 1Z)/P Area for the examina-
tion and evaluation of cold-war projects, is doing much to eliminate the lack
of proper planning which has heretofore so often characterized the larger DD!P
undertakings.
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Projgct C a su es
.-.The surveying officer is of the opinion that, except in sell operations
and for rare eases handled on a crash basis, where for the sake of expediency
50)
ty this procedure cannot be folUowed, covert operational
:ts should continue to be rigidly handled in this manner.
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(Page 51)
large accounts receive scrutiny an a too infrequent basis to protect proper
..audit coverage on the covert side of the Agency is inadequate and many
of the Agency and of the Government.
huge sums spent by CIA world-wide in the cold-war effort should
receive complete local audit cognisance at least on an annual basis.
..The -called. "
rod funds" of CIA, often the subject of criticism
and conjecture on the part of individuals, and occasionally of the press, were
found to be meticulously handled and accounted for.
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(Page 52)
?Mia1 ?ca nt
program for covert collection of foreign intelligence has not been
successful, due large4 to organizational defects, misdirection, and lack
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(Page 53)
Special -r :nt
.....Complaints against the Agency appear to be based upon the alleged fact
that other intelligence agencies, more particularly those of the military,
are not informed sufficiently of CIA's cold-var activities; that CIA is too
reluctant to reveal either its cold-war assets or operations, or its sources
covert intelligence.
.....the surveying officer concludes that there In at sound basis of law and
directives for extreme secrecy on the part of CIA cold-war officials in
ying out the details of covert operaktions
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tYl 3
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it to
It 4
of the A400V
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of State or the Secretary of
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fir
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uteuism"m
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a: w
Tj I Ai ' MMOSS AND # "COLD WAR
OF TIZ DEPUff DIM= OF P ABU IN 's CHWfM
1] 1 }GEM AGEIM
ASST TD T fE JIM CTIL
OMWL 6 ' A SMUTS DEWY moat ?ME AREA OF MMVWMLTT!f
BE >l ATBRTIV MW CALLY
TI1T T FAN OF AMiG"Y DMUVfM (W JT= 15t 1952,
CSIMM AS EXWIM or 70 HCI
TE HIM A S IQR
O9.EF93 }}~~~~1~r1 pia MMCMKM; MID g
IUAT MM
CSBTRAL t1 'm Chi' `1wI =CurM R O THAT Ate.
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 v