TYUMEN ICBM COMPLEX USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T04759A008400010084-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 16, 2002
• Sequence Number: 84
• Publication Date: April 1, 1968
• Content Type: REPORT

ApprTUR FShMle 2002/05/07: CIA-RDP78TO4759AO08400010084-3
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
TYUMEN ICBM COMPLEX
USSR
Declass Review by NIMA/DOD
T C S-20171 / 68
APRIL 1968
COPY 113
5 PAGES
GROUP I EXCLUDED FROM
AUTOMATIC DOWNGRADING
AND DECLASSIFICATION
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This document contains Information affecting the national security of the United States within the meaning
of the espionage laws U. S. Code Title 18, Sections 793 and 794. The low prohibits its transmission or
the revelation of its contents in any manner to an unauthorized person, as well as its use in any manner
prejudicial to the safety or interest of the United States or for the benefit of any foreign government to the
detriment of the United States. It is to be seen only by personnel especially indoctrinated and authorized
to receive Information in the designated control channels. Its security must be maintained in accc.rdance
with regulations pertaining toTALENT?KEYHOLE Control System.
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SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS
The Tyumen ICBM Complex consists of a complex support facility, a rail-
to-road transfer point, and two Type TIC launch sites (two-pad soft sites for the
SS-8 missile system). The complex is only one of three known deployed SS-8
complexes in the USSR and, except for Omsk, is the smallest. Construction
probably began in Although
moderate activity has continually been noted at the complex, it w probably
be phased out during the next two to four years. The nature of the terrain
apparently precludes deployment of the later silo-type missile systems. However,
because of its centralized location, the complex could be used for missile-
related communications facilities.
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TYUMEN
Railroad
Road
Complex main road
Type IIC launch site
Borovskiy
f / ADMIN &'
RAIL-TO-ROAD HOUSING
TRANSFER POINT
FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF TYUMEN ICBM COMPLEX.
Boandinskaya
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TYUMEN ICBM COMPLEX
Component Type Geographic
Coordinates
Complex Support Facility -- 56-52N 065-51E
Launch Site 2 TIC 56-50N 065-26E
Launch Site 3 ITC 56-51N 065-33E
The Tyumen ICBM Complex (Figure 1) is in Western Siberia in the western
part of the Central Interior Region, near its southern boundary. It is on the
Trans-Siberian Railroad near the village of Bogandinskaya, 20 nautical miles
(nm) southwest of the city of Tyumen, capital of the Tyumen Oblast, in the
Russian SFSR. The city is an important industrial and transportation center,
situated on the Tyura River. This small complex was constructed for the SS-8
missile system and is composed of a complex support facility, a rail-to-road
transfer point, and two Type IIC (soft two-pad) launch sites. It extends about
14 nm west in a linear arrangement from the complex support facility.
Terrain in the region is extremely flat, with sluggish drains and numerous
swampy areas. The entire complex lies between 200 and 300 feet in elevation
and relative relief at individual facilities is negligible. The Pyshma River lies
just north of the complex and flows from west to east to empty into the Tyura
River. Much of the land is heavily forested, and most of the sites for the com-
plex facilities had to be cleared before construction could start. Logging is
apparently the chief occupation in the general area around the complex. Agri-
culture is limited mostly to the individual plots around the few small towns
and villages in the area.
The complex is at about the same latitude as central Canada and the climate
is comparable. Winters are quite cold and the ground remains snow covered
from early November to mid-April. The average monthly temperature during
January is about -10?F. Summers are generally quite warm with an average
high of about 70?F during July. Clouds are prevalent over the complex much
of the year, ranging from a high of 85 percent in January and October to a low
of about 55 percent in February, April, June, and July.
Transportation into the complex is provided primarily by railroad. A spur
from the Trans-Siberian Railroad runs west for about 5 nm to terminate at the
rail-to-road transfer point. The complex support facility is situated on both sides
of the rail spur. The railhead and storage area and the administrative and
housing area are on the south side of the spur and a newer, more elaborate,
housing area is on the north side. Facilities on both sides of the spur are rail
served. A new highway is currently under construction from Tyumen through
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This complex was first observed in
Bogandinskaya and continuing south. When completed this highway will pro-
vide all-weather accessibility to the complex from the city of Tyumen. All
facilities within the complex are connected by a well-engineered complex main
road that was built concurrent with the launch sites.
when the complex
support facility was under construction. No signs of this activity were apparent
25X1 D From its appearance when first observed it is estimated that con-
struction had started in the late summer, Construction for the
three launch sites was started in the late winter and early spring
Launch Site 3 was first observed in I nd Launch Sites 1 and 2 in
25X1 D II Launch Site 1 was subsequently abandoned. The remaining two sites
25X1 D were complete by I This complex is one of the three deployed
SS-8 launch complexes in the Soviet Union, and is also, except for the Omsk
complex, the smallest. The SS-8 missile system was deployed concurrently with
the SS-7 system, but the program obviously ran into difficulties from the start.
Except for one Type IIIB launch site at Kozelsk, all SS-8 site starts were in the
25X1 D late winter or earl spring of =The one exception, at Kozelsk, was started
25X1 D It was also during this year that five SS-8 launch sites were
abandoned. None had progressed beyond an early stage of construction. Those
abandoned were two at Gladkaya, which became an SS-7 complex, and one each
at Kozelsk, Omsk, and Tyumen. At Kozelsk the site was started as a Type IIC
launch site, then abandoned in favor of a Type IIIB which was also abandoned.
The available evidence would indicate that deployment of the SS-8 missile
25X1 D system, started in = had been planned on a scale much larger than what
was finally achieved. However, early in the program, apparently during the
25X1 D summer of = a decision was made to abandon the SS-8 missile system
except for some sites already under construction at that time.
Following completion of the two launch sites at this complex there has
been no further construction except for a communications facility, currently
under construction west of the housing area. Moderate activity has always been
observed at the complex, such as missile exercises at the sites, vehicular acti-
vity along the roads, and parked missile handling equipment and rail cars at
the rail-to-road transfer point. As recently as a missile exercise was
observed at Launch Site 3. A missile was on the right pad and the erector on
the left pad was in a vertical position.
This complex would not appear to have much future as an ICBM launch
25X1 D facility. It is now about Qold and the system evidently has serious
drawbacks, as indicated by the obvious curtailment of the program in its first
year. The support facilities appear more than adequate for the two operational
launch sites. Shortly before completion of the launch sites construction was
started for the housing area north of the rail spur. This probably also supports
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the communications facility under construction. Since completion of the launch
sites some buildings have been removed from the administration and housing
area associated with the railhead and storage area south of the spur.
The poor drainage and swampy nature of the terrain at this complex would
seem to preclude deployment of silo-type launchers. All ICBM complexes in the
Soviet Union except this one and the SS-7 complex at Itatka have some type of
silo launchers, although at S'oshkar-Ola it was only during the last half of C
that this form of launch site appeared. The centralized location of this complex
could be a factor toward utilizing its facilities for some other purpose, possibly
communications, in the general support of the missile deployment program. It
would be expected in view of Soviet progress with silo-launched missiles, that
the SS-8 complexes, particularly the soft sites, would be phased out during the
next two years.
REQUIREMENT
CIA. C-DI5-82,972
NPIC PROJECT
11210/66 (partial answer)
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