THE ARAB-ISRAELI MILITARY BALANCE: IMPACT OF THE EGYPTIAN-ISRAELI PEACE TREATY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 11, 2007
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: October 16, 1979
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Director of Secret
Central
Intelligence
The Arab-Israeli Military
Balance: Impact of the
Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty
National Intelligence Estimate
(Memorandum to Holders)
Secret
NIE 35/36-1-78
16 October 1975'
Copy Li. ~ 1
9
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
MEMORANDUM TO HOLDERS
OF NIE 35/36-1-78:
THE ARAB-ISRAELI MILITARY
BALANCE: IMPACT OF THE
EGYPTIAN-ISRAELI PEACE TREATY
Information available as of 1 August 1979 was
used in the preparation of this memorandum.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
THIS MEMORANDUM IS ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR OF
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE.
THE NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE BOARD CONCURS.
The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of the
memorandum.
The Central Intelligence Agency, the intelligence organizations of the Departments of
State and Defense, and the National Security Agency.
Also Participating:
The Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of the Army
The Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of the Navy
The Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
The Director of Intelligence, Headquarters, Marine Corps
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
CONTENTS
Page
PRINCIPAL JUDGMENTS .................................................................................... 1
DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................ 3
ANNEX: Text of Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty ................................................ 25
iii
SECRET
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
PRINCIPAL JUDGMENTS
Since Israel can defeat all Arab forces, including Egypt
The Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty, establishing the basis for Egypt's
eventual withdrawal from the Arab military ranks arrayed against
Israel, has significantly reduced the military threat to Israel. Although
Egyptian participation in future Arab-Israeli hostilities cannot be ruled
out by the existence of the treaty, any effective participation by Egypt
will be made more difficult and risky by the ongoing deterioration of its
military capabilities and by military factors set in motion by the treaty.
then the absence of the largest Arab military
power and one battlefront will give Israel an overwhelming military
superiority over the remaining Arab states.
Israel's widening margin of military superiority may encourage it to
more aggressively pursue its policy goals, by striking hard at any
perceived Arab provocations and manifesting less concern about the
reactions of the Arab states, including Egypt. Israel views the Arabs as
unwilling to risk an escalation of any fighting to a wider conflict and
does not believe that the peace process will be jeopardized by its
military operations in Lebanon.
The Arabs on the Golan Heights-Jordan Valley front could become
stronger, but, without Egypt, there is little they can do over the next
five years to substantially improve their military position relative to
Israel.
- The Arab states will not be able to absorb enough weapons to
compensate for the loss of Egypt's inventories; even Iraq's
contribution of all of its forces would be iisufficient.
- The Arabs cannot compensate for their significantly diminished
numbers through qualitative increases in the operational
effectiveness of their armed forces.
- The impact of new, advanced weapons received by the Arabs is
likely to be offset by low Arab operational capabilities and
effective Israeli countermeasures and weapon systems.
Arab improvements also will be constrained by several less
important factors:
- Syria cannot pose a significant offensive threat to Israel as long as
a substantial part of its Army remains deployed in Lebanon.
SECRET
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
- Iraq has military requirements at home-heightened by events
in Iran-to which it must devote significant numbers of units.
- Israel now would be able to assign more forces to interdiction of
Iraqi forces en route to the Golan Heights-Jordan Valley front.
- Despite shared opposition to the peace treaty, mutual suspicions
and traditional rivalries will continue to beset Arab attempts at
unity.
These problems pose major impediments to the development before
1984 of Arab forces capable of effectively challenging Israel on the
Golan Heights-Jordan Valley front. At most, improvements in Syrian
and Iraqi capabilities, command and control, and tactics might make
Israeli military operations against the Arabs more protracted and costly.
Israel will find it more difficult over the next five years to maintain
the quality of its forces while absorbing large amounts of new
equipment. Direct competition by the military with the civilian
economy for Israel's limited supply of skilled manpower already has
forced the lowering of some military standards. Nonetheless, Israel will
continue to acquire, absorb, and effectively employ new, advanced
weapon systems and to meet the demands imposed by these systems for
greater manpower skills more effectively than will the Arabs.
Soviet and non-Arab supply and intervention capabilities in the
Middle East have not been affected by the peace treaty. None of those
countries likely to support the Arabs against Israel had any military
supply or advisory role in Egypt when the peace treaty with Israel was
signed.
2
SECRET
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Next 21 Page(s) In Document Denied
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
ANNEX
Text of the
Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty
(Reproduced from Selected Documents No. 11, April 1979, issued by
the Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public
Communication)
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
The Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty
TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN
THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT AND THE STATE OF ISRAEL
The Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Government of the State of Israel;
Convinced of the urgent necessity of the establishment of a just, comprehensive and lasting peace in the
Middle East in accordance with Security Council Resolutions 242 and 338;
Reaffirming their adherence to the "Framework for Peace in the Middle East Agreed at Camp David,"
dated September 17, 1978;
Noting that the aforementioned Framework as appropriate is intended to constitute a basis for peace not
only between Egypt and Israel but also between Israel and each of its other Arab neighbors which is
prepared to negotiate peace with it on this basis;
Desiring to bring to an end the state of war between them and to establish a peace in which every state in
the area can live in security;
Convinced that the conclusion of a Treaty of Peace between Egypt and Israel is an important step in the
search for comprehensive peace in the area and for the attainment of the settlement of the Arab-Israeli
conflict in all its aspects;
Inviting the other Arab parties to this dispute to join the peace process with Israel guided by and based
on the principles of the aforementioned Framework;
Desiring as well to develop friendly relations and cooperation between themselves in accordance with
the United Nations Charter and the principles of international law governing international relations in times
of peace;
Agree to the following provisions in the free exercise of their sovereignty, in order to implement the
"Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty Between Egypt and Israel":
1. The state of war between the Parties will be
terminated and peace will be established between
them upon the exchange of instruments of ratifica-
tion of this Treaty.
2. Israel will withdraw all its armed forces and
civilians from the Sinai behind the international
boundary between Egypt and mandated Palestine,
as provided in the annexed protocol (Annex I), and
Egypt will resume the exercise of its full sovereignty
over the Sinai.
The permanent boundary between Egypt and
Israel is the recognized international boundary
between Egypt and the former mandated territory
of Palestine, as shown on the map at Annex 11,
without prejudice to the issue of the status of the
Gaza Strip. The Parties recognize this boundary as
inviolable. Each will respect the territorial integrity
of the other, including their territorial waters and
airspace.
3. Upon completion of the interim withdrawal
provided for in Annex 1, the Parties will establish
normal and friendly relations, in accordance with
Article 111 (3).
1. The Parties will apply between them the pro-
visions of the Charter of the United Nations and the
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
principles of international law governing relations
among states in times of peace. In particular:
a. They recognize and will respect each
other's sovereignty, territorial integrity
and political independence;
b. They recognize and will respect each
other's right to live in peace within their
secure and recognized boundaries;
c. They will refrain from the threat or use
of force, directly or indirectly, against each
other and will settle all disputes between
them by peaceful means.
2. Each Party undertakes to ensure that acts or
threats of belligerency, hostility, or violence do not
originate from and are not committed from within
its territory, or by any forces subject to its control or
by any other forces stationed on its territory,
against the population, citizens or property of the
other Party. Each Party also undertakes to refrain
from organizing, instigating, inciting, assisting or
participating in acts or threats of belligerency, hos-
tility, subversion or violence against the other
Party, anywhere, and undertakes to ensure that
perpetrators of such acts are brought to justice.
3. The Parties agree that the normal relationship
established between them will include full recogni-
tion, diplomatic, economic and cultural relations,
termination of economic boycotts and discrimina-
tory barriers to the free movement of people and
goods, and will guarantee the mutual enjoyment by
citizens of the due process of law. The process by
which they undertake to achieve such a relation-
ship parallel to the implementation of other provi-
sions of this 'Treaty is set out in the annexed
protocol (Annex III).
approved by the Security Council of the United
Nations, with the affirmative vote of the five Per-
manent Members, unless the Parties otherwise
agree.
3. A Joint Commission will be established to
facilitate the implementation of the Treaty, as pro-
vided for in Annex 1.
4. The security arrangements provided for in
paragraphs I and 2 of this Article may at the request
of either party be reviewed and amended by mutual
agreement of the Parties.
1. Ships of Israel, and cargoes destined for or
coming from Israel, shall enjoy the right of free
passage through the Suez Canal and its approaches
through the Gulf of Suez and the Mediterranean
Sea on the basis of the Constantinople Convention
of 1888, applying to all nations. Israeli nationals,
vessels and cargoes, as well as persons, vessels and
cargoes destined for or coming from Israel, shall be
accorded non-discriminatory treatment in all mat-
ters connected with usage of the canal.
2. The Parties consider the Strait of Tiran and
the Gulf of Aqaba to be international waterways
open to all nations for unimpeded and
non-suspendable freedom of navigation and over-
flight. The Parties will respect each other's right to
navigation and overflight for access to either coun-
try through the Strait of Tiran and the Gulf of
Aqaba.
1. In order to provide maximum security for
both Parties on the basis of reciprocity, agreed
security arrangements will be established including
limited force zones in Egyptian and Israeli territory,
and United Nations forces and observers, described
in detail as to nature and timing in Annex 1, and
other security arrangements the Parties may agree
upon.
2. The Parties agree to the stationing of United
Nations personnel in areas described in Annex I.
The Parties agree not to request withdrawal of the
United Nations personnel and that these personnel
will not be removed unless such removal is
1. This Treaty does not affect and shall not be
interpreted as affecting in any way the rights and
obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the
United Nations.
2. The Parties undertake to fulfill in good faith
their obligations under this Treaty, without regard
to action or inaction of any other party and inde-
pendently of any instrument external to this Treaty.
3. They further undertake to take all the neces-
sary measures for the application in their relations
of the provisions of the multilateral conventions to
which they are parties, including the submission of
appropriate notification to the Secretary General of
the United Nations and other depositaries of such
conventions.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
4. The Parties undertake not to enter into any
obligation in conflict with this Treaty.
5. Subject to Article 103 of the United Nations
Charter, in the event of a conflict between the obli-
gations of the Parties under the present Treaty and
any of their other obligations, the obligations under
this Treaty will be binding and implemented.
1. Disputes arising out of the application or
interpretation of this Treaty shall be resolved by
negotiations.
2. Any such disputes which cannot be settled by
negotiations shall be resolved by conciliation or
submitted to arbitration.
The Parties agree to establish a claims commis-
sion for the mutual settlement of all financial
claims.
1. This Treaty shall enter into force upon
exchange of instruments of ratification.
2. This Treaty supersedes the Agreement
between Egypt and Israel of September, 1975.
3. All protocols, annexes, and maps attached to
this Treaty shall be regarded as an integral part
hereof.
4. The Treaty shall be communicated to the
Secretary General of the United Nations for regis-
tration in accordance with the provisions of Article
102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
[Facsimile of signature page of Treaty as executed]
DONE at Washington, D.C. this 26th day of March, 1979, in
triplicate in the English, Arabic, and Hebrew languages, each
text being equally authentic. In case of any divergence of
interpretation, the English text shall prevail.
1'1'99 J,iI CY 4 r1 9Y9'-WjL Cl ? v- ? S,) 06jA1y vyv,~a
~--- r~ ! L-+-.-- jiz-z9 -tr-J 19 L-wu J I! k Ll IQ c. Uj L a Cr
? ,.7 .~-?~ s 1,m s Y I,pil I cvSo ya.,a:l I Jj.:,. J>W I 'sJ La a, . ..,J I
mal`1W2 , 1979 Y1111 26 D" lWfl IUV' 11K.1 T"1 1T 017 .'P. 7-T , 11VA]'Y1111 fluty]
1'7Tal `w 1171]3 niiv n77na 17nm nDl] 711 n'laynl n'alyn ,n?7A]Kn n1917a a''7nly
. "7A3Kn nDl]fl y7137 ,nl3Y119
For the Government of the For the Government
Arab Republic of Egypt: of Israel:
oe,.,S~ ~e
malyl flp'yalslm nyVaa area
a~1Ya y~ ,
t
't t 19 .04 N.
Witnessed by:
--194 I
Jimmy Car er, President
of the U ited States of America
K'W3 1,1v1Kp 'a"A
flp'1aK '7w nylal filYl?
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
PROTOCOL CONCERNING ISRAELI
WITHDRAWAL AND SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS
Article I
Concept of Withdrawal
1. Israel will complete withdrawal of all its
armed forces and civilians from the Sinai not later
than three years from the date of exchange of
instruments of ratification of this Treaty.
2. To ensure the mutual security of the Parties,
the implementation of phased withdrawal will be
accompanied by the military measures and estab-
lishment of zones set out in this Annex and in Map
1, hereinafter referred to as "the Zones."
3. The withdrawal from the Sinai will be
accomplished in two phases:
a. The interim withdrawal behind the line
from east of El Arish to Ras Muhammed
as delineated on Map 2 within nine months
from the date of exchange of instruments
of ratification of this Treaty.
b. The final withdrawal from the Sinai
behind the international boundary not
later than three years from the date of
exchange of instruments of ratification of
this Treaty.
4. A Joint Commission will be formed imme-
diately after the exchange of instruments of ratifica-
tion of this Treaty in order to supervise and
coordinate movements and schedules during the
withdrawal, and to adjust plans and timetables as
necessary within the limits established by
paragraph 3, above. Details relating to the Joint
Commission are set out in Article IV of the attached
Appendix. The Joint Commission will be dissolved
upon completion of final Israeli withdrawal from
the Sinai.
Article II
Determination of Final Lines and Zones
1. In order to provide maximum security for
both Parties after the final withdrawal, the lines and
the Zones delineated on Map I are to be established
and organized as follows:
a. Zone A
(I) Zone A is bounded on the east by
line A (red line) and on the west by the
Suez Canal and the east coast of the
Gulf of Suez, as shown on Map I.
(2) An Egyptian armed force of one
mechanized infantry division and its
military installations, and field fortifi-
cations, will be in this Zone.
(3) The main elements of that Division
will consist of:
(a) Three mechanized infantry
brigades.
(b) One armored brigade.
(c) Seven field artillery battalions in-
cluding up to 126 artillery pieces.
(d) Seven anti-aircraft artillery
battalions including individual
surface-to-air missiles and up to 126
anti-aircraft guns of 37 mm and
above.
(e) Up to 230 tanks.
(f) Up to 480 armored personnel
vehicles of all types.
Up to a total of twenty-two
thousand personnel.
b. Zone B
(1) Zone B is bounded by line B (green-
line) on the east and by line A (red line)
on the west, as shown on Map 1.
(2) Egyptian border units of four bat-
talions equipped with light weapons
and wheeled vehicles will provide
security and supplement the civil police
in maintaining order in Zone B. The
main elements of the four Border Bat-
talions will consist of up to a total of
four thousand personnel.
(3) Land based, short range, low
power, coastal warning points of the
border patrol units may be established
on the coast of this Zone.
(4) There will be in Zone B field fortifi-
cations and military installations for
the four border battalions.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
c. Zone C
(I) Zone C is bounded by line B (green
line) on the west and the International
Boundary and the Gulf of Aqaba on
the east, as shown on Map I.
(2) Only United Nations forces and
Egyptian civil police will be stationed
in Zone C.
(3) The Egyptian civil police armed
with light weapons will perform nor-
mal police functions within this Zone.
(4) The United Nations Force will be
deployed within Zone C and perform
its functions as defined in Article VI of
this Annex.
(5) The United Nations Force will be
stationed mainly in camps located
within the following stationing areas
shown on Map I, and will establish its
precise locations after consultations
with Egypt:
(a) In that part of the area in the Sinai
lying within about 20 Km. of the
Mediterranean Sea and adjacent to
the International Boundary.
(b) In the Sharm el Sheikh area.
d. Zone D
(1) Zone D is bounded by line D (blue
line) on the east and the international
boundary on the west, as shown on
Map I.
(2) In this Zone there will be an Israeli
limited force of four infantry
battalions, their military installations,
and field fortifications, and United
Nations observers.
(3) The Israeli forces in Zone D will
not include tanks, artillery and anti-
aircraft missiles except individual
surface-to-air missiles.
(4) The main elements of the four
Israeli infantry battalions will consist
of up to 180 armored personnel vehicles
of all types and up to a total of four
thousand personnel.
2. Access across the international boundary
shall only be permitted through entry check points
designated by each Party and under its control.
Such access shall be in accordance with laws and
regulations of each country.
3. Only those field fortifications, military instal-
lations, forces, and weapons specifically permitted
by this Annex shall be in the Zones.
Article III
Aerial Military Regime
1. Flights of combat aircraft and reconnaisance
flights of Egypt and Israel shall take place only over
Zones A and D, respectively.
2. Only unarmed, non-combat aircraft of Egypt
and Israel will be stationed in Zones A and D,
respectively.
3. Only Egyptian unarmed transport aircraft
will take off and land in Zone B and up to eight such
aircraft may maintained in Zone B. The Egyptian
border units may be equipped with unarmed heli-
copters to perform their functions in Zone B.
4. The Egyptian civil police may be equipped
with unarmed police helicopters to perform normal
police functions in Zone C.
5. Only civilian airfields may be built in the
Zones.
6. Without prejudice to the provisions of this
Treaty, only those military aerial activities spe-
cifically permitted by this Annex shall be allowed in
the Zones and the airspace above their territorial
waters.
Article IV
Naval Regime
1. Egypt and Israel may base and operate naval
vessels along the coasts of Zones A and D, respec-
tively.
2. Egyptian coast guard boats, lightly armed,
may be stationed and operate in the territorial
waters of Zone B to assist the border units in per-
forming their functions in this Zone.
3. Egyptian civil police equipped with light
boats, lightly armed, shall perform normal police
functions within the territorial waters of Zone C.
4. Nothing in this Annex shall be considered as
derogating from the right of innocent passage of the
naval vessels of either party.
5. Only civilian maritime ports and installations
may be built in the Zones.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
6. Without prejudice to the provisions of this
Treaty, only those naval activities specifically per-
mitted by this Annex shall be allowed in the Zones
and in their territorial waters.
Article V
Early Warning Systems
Egypt and Israel may establish and operate early
warning systems only in Zones A and D
respectively.
Article VI
United Nations Operations
1. The Parties will request the United Nations to
provide forces and observers to supervise the imple-
mentation of this Annex and employ their best
efforts to prevent any violation of its terms.
2. With respect to these United Nations forces
and observers, as appropriate, the Parties agree to
request the following arrangements:
a. Operation of check points, reconnais-
sance patrols, and observation posts along
the international boundary and line B, and
within Zone C.
b. Periodic verification of the implemen-
tation of the provisions of this Annex will
be carried out not less than twice a month
unless otherwise agreed by the Parties.
c. Additional verifications within 48 hours
after the receipt of a request from either
Party.
d. Ensuring the freedom of navigation
through the Strait of Tiran in accordance
with Article V of the Treaty of Peace.
3. The arrangements described in this article for
each zone will be implemented in Zones A, B, and C
by the United Nations Force and in Zone D by the
United Nations Observers.
4. United Nations verification teams shall be
accompanied by liaison officers of the respective
Party.
5. The United Nations Force and observers will
report their findings to both Parties.
6. The United Nations Force and Observers
operating in the Zones will enjoy freedom of move-
ment and other facilities necessary for the perfor-
mance of their tasks.
7. The United Nations Force and Observers are
not empowered to authorize the crossing of the
international boundary.
8. The Parties shall agree on the nations from
which the United Nations Force and Observers will
be drawn. They will be drawn from nations other
than those which are permanent members of the
United Nations Security Council.
9. The Parties agree that the United Nations
should make those command arrangements that
will best assure the effective implementation of its
responsibilities.
Article VII
Liaison System
1. Upon dissolution of the Joint Commission, a
liaison system between the Parties will be estab-
lished. This liaison system is intended to provide an
effective method to assess progress in the imple-
mentation of obligations under the present Annex
and to resolve any problem that may arise in the
course of implementation, and refer other
unresolved matters to the higher military authori-
ties of the two countries respectively for considera-
tion. It is also intended to prevent situations
resulting from errors or misinterpretation on the
part of either Party.
2. An Egyptian liaison office will be established
in the city of El-Arish and an Israeli liaison office
will be established in the city of Beer-Sheba. Each
office will be headed by an officer of the respective
country, and assisted by a number of officers.
3. A direct telephone link between the two offi-
ces will be set up and also direct telephone lines with
the United Nations command will be maintained by
both offices.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
Article VIII
Respect for War Memorials
Article IX
Interim Arrangements
Each Party undertakes to preserve in good condi-
tion the War Memorials erected in the memory of
soldiers of the other Party, namely those erected by
Israel in the Sinai and those to be erected by Egypt
in Israel,and shallpermit access tosuch monuments.
The withdrawal of Israeli armed forces and civili-
ans behind the interim withdrawal line, and the
conduct of the forces of the Parties and the United
Nations prior to the final withdrawal, will be gov-
erned by the attached Appendix and Maps 2 and 3.
APPENDIX TO ANNEX I
ORGANIZATION OF MOVEMENTS IN THE SINAI
Article I
Principles of Withdrawal
1. The withdrawal of Israeli armed forces and
civilians from the Sinai will be accomplished in
two phases as described in Article I of Annex I.
The description and timing of the withdrawal are
included in this Appendix. The Joint Commission
will develop and present to the Chief Coordinator
of the United Nations forces in the Middle East the
details of these phases not later than one month
before the initiation of each phase of withdrawal.
2. Both Parties agree on the following princi-
ples for the sequence of military movements.
a. Notwithstanding the provisions of Arti-
cle IX, paragraph 2, of this Treaty, until
Israeli armed forces complete withdrawal
from the current J and M Lines established
by the Egyptian-Israeli Agreement of Sep-
tember 1975, hereinafter referred to as the
1975 Agreement, up to the interim with-
drawal line, all military arrangements
existing under that Agreement will remain
in effect, except those military arrange-
ments otherwise provided for in this Ap-
pendix.
b. As Israeli armed forces withdraw,
United Nations forces will immediately
enter the evacuated areas to establish
interim and temporary buffer zones as
shown on Maps 2 and 3, respectively, for
the purpose of maintaining a separation of
forces. United Nations forces' deployment
will precede the movement of any other
personnel into these areas.
c. Within a period of seven days after Is-
raeli armed forces have evacuated any area
located in Zone A, units of Egyptian armed
forces shall deploy in accordance with the
provisions of Article II of this Appendix.
d. Within a period of seven days after Is-
raeli armed forces have evacuated any area
located in Zones A or B, Egyptian border
units shall deploy in accordance with the
provisions of Article II of this Appendix,
and will function in accordance with the
provisions of Article II of Annex I.
e. Egyptian civil police will enter
evacuated areas immediately after the
United Nations forces to perform normal
police functions.
f. Egyptian naval units shall deploy in the
Gulf of Suez in accordance with the provi-
sions of Article 11 of this Appendix.
g. Except those movements mentioned
above, deployments of Egyptian armed
forces and the activities covered in Annex I
will be effected in the evacuated areas
when Israeli armed forces have completed
their withdrawal behind the interim with-
drawal line.
Article II
Subphases of the Withdrawal to the Interim
Withdrawal Line
1. The withdrawal to the interim withdrawal
line will be accomplished in subphases as de-
scribed in this Article and as shown on Map 3.
Each subphase will be completed within the indi-
cated number of months from the date of the ex-
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
change of instruments of ratification of this
Treaty.
a. First subphase: within two months, Is-
raeli armed forces will withdraw from the
area of El Arish, including the town of El
Arish and its airfield, shown as Area I on
Map 3.
b. Second subphase: within three months,
Israeli armed forces will withdraw from the
area between line M of the 1975 Agreement
and line A, shown as Area II on Map 3.
c. Third subphase: within five months, Is-
raeli armed forces will withdraw from the
areas east and south of Area II, shown as
Area III on Map 3.
d. Fourth subphase: within seven months,
Israeli armed forces will withdraw from the
area of El Tor-Ras El Kenisa, shown as
Area IV on Map 3.
e. Fifth subphase: Within nine months, Is-
raeli armed forces will withdraw from the
remaining areas west of the interim with-
drawal line, including the areas of Santa
Katrina and the areas east of the Giddi and
Mitla passes, shown as Area V on Map 3,
thereby completing Israeli withrawal be-
hind the interim withdrawal line.
2. Egyptian forces will deploy in the areas
evacuated by Israeli armed forces as follows:
a. Up to one-third of the Egyptian armed
forces in the Sinai in accordance with the
1975 Agreement will deploy in the portions
of Zone A lying within Area I, until the
completion of interim withdrawal. There-
after, Egyptian armed forces as described
in Article II of Annex I will be deployed in
Zone A up to the limits of the interim buf-
fer zone.
b. The Egyptian naval activity in accord-
ance with Article IV of Annex I will com-
mence along the coasts of Areas II, III, and
IV, upon completion of the second, third,
and fourth subphases, respectively.
c. Of the Egyptian border units described in
Article II of Annex I, upon completion of
the first subphase one battalion will be de-
ployed in Area I. A second battalion will be
deployed in Area II upon completion of the
second subphase. A third battalion will be
deployed in Area III upon completion of
the third subphase. The second and third
battalions mentioned above may also be de-
ployed in any of the subsequently
evacuated areas of the southern Sinai.
3. United Nations forces in Buffer Zone I of the
1975 Agreement will redeploy to enable the de-
ployment of Egyptian forces described above upon
the completion of the first subphase, but will
otherwise continue to function in accordance with
the provisions of that Agreement in the remainder
of that zone until the completion of interim with-
drawal, as indicated in Article I of this Appendix.
4. Israeli convoys may use the roads south and
east of the main road junction east of El Arish to
evacuate Israeli forces and equipment up to the
completion of interim withdrawal. These convoys
will proceed in daylight upon four hours notice to
the Egyptian liaison group and United Nations
forces, will be escorted by United Nations forces,
and will be in accordance with schedules coordi-
nated by the Joint Commission. An Egyptian
liaison officer will accompany convoys to assure
uninterrupted movement. The Joint Commission
may approve other arrangements for convoys.
Article III
United Nations Forces
1. The Parties shall request that United Nations
forces be deployed as necessary to perform the
functions described in this Appendix up to the time
of completion of final Israeli withdrawal. For that
purpose, the Parties agree to the redeployment of
the United Nations Emergency Force.
2. United Nations forces will supervise the im-
plementation of this Appendix and will employ
their best efforts to prevent any violation of its
terms.
3. When United Nations forces deploy in ac-
cordance with the provisions of Articles I and II of
this Appendix, they will perform the functions of
verification in limited force zones in accordance
with Article VI of Annex I, and will establish
check points, reconnaissance patrols, and obser-
vation posts in the temporary buffer zones de-
scribed in Article II above. Other functions of the
United Nations forces which concern the interim
buffer zone are described in Article V of this Ap-
pendix.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
Article IV
Joint Commission and Liaison
1. The Joint Commission referred to in Article
IV of this Treaty will function from the date of
exchange of instruments of ratification of this
Treaty up to the date of completion of final Israeli
withdrawal from the Sinai.
2. The Joint Commission will be composed of
representatives of each Party headed by senior of-
ficers. This Commission shall invite a representa-
tive of the United Nations when discussing sub-
jects concerning the United Nations, or when
either Party requests United Nations presence. De-
cisions of the Joint Commission will be reached by
agreement of Egypt and Israel.
3. The Joint Commission will supervise the im-
plementation of the arrangements described in
Annex I and this Appendix. To this end, and by
agreement of both Parties, it will:
a. coordinate military movements de-
scribed in this Appendix and supervise their
implementation;
b. address and seek to resolve any problem
arising out of the implementation of Annex
I and this Appendix, and discuss any viola-
tions reported by the United Nations Force
and Observers and refer to the Governments
of Egypt and Israel any unresolved prob-
lems;
c. assist the United Nations Force and Ob-
servers in the execution of their mandates,
and deal with the timetables of the periodic
verifications when referred to it by the Par-
ties as provided for in Annex I and in this
Appendix;
d. organize the demarcation of the interna-
tional boundary and all lines and zones de-
scribed in Annex I and this Appendix;
e. supervise the handing over of the main
installations in the Sinai from Israel to
Egypt;
f. agree on necessary arrangements for
finding and returning missing bodies of
Egyptian and Israeli soldiers;
g. organize the setting up and operation of
entry check points along the El Arish-Ras
Muhammed line in accordance with the
provisions of Article 4 of Annex III;
h. conduct its operations through the use of
joint liaison teams consisting of one Israeli
representative and one Egyptian represen-
tative, provided from a standing Liaison
Group, which will conduct activities as di-
rected by the Joint Commission;
i. provide liaison and coordination to the
United Nations command implementing
provisions of the Treaty, and, through the
joint liaison teams, maintain local coordi-
nation and cooperation with the United Na-
tions Force stationed in specific areas or
United Nations Observers monitoring spe-
cific areas for any assistance as needed;
j. discuss any other matters which the Par-
ties by agreement may place before it.
4. Meetings of the Joint Commission shall be
held at least once a month. In the event that either
Party or the Command of the United Nations Force
requests a special meeting, it will be convened
within 24 hours.
5. The Joint Commission will meet in the buffer
zone until the completion of the interim with-
drawal and in El Arish and Beer-Sheba alternately
afterwards. The first meeting will be held not later
than two weeks after the entry into force of this
Treaty.
Article V
Definition of the Interim Buffer Zone and Its
Activities
1. An interim buffer zone, by which the United
Nations Force will effect a separation of Egyptian
and Israeli elements, will be established west of
and adjacent to the interim withdrawal line as
shown on Map 2 after implementation of Israeli
withdrawal and deployment behind the interim
withdrawal line. Egyptian civil police equipped
with light weapons will perform normal police
functions within this zone.
2. The United Nations Force will operate check
points, reconnaissance patrols, and observation
posts within the interim buffer zone in order to en-
sure compliance with the terms of this Article.
3. In accordance with arrangements agreed
upon by both Parties and to be coordinated by the
Joint Commission, Israeli personnel will operate
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
military technical installations at four specific lo-
cations shown on Map 2 and designated as Ti
(map central coordinate 57163940), T2 (map cen-
tral coordinate 59351541), T3 (map central coor-
dinate 59331527), and T4 (map central coordinate
61130979) under the following principles:
a. The technical installations shall be
manned by technical and administrative
personnel equipped with small arms re-
quired for their protection (revolvers,
rifles, sub-machine guns, light machine
guns, hand grenades, and ammunition), as
follows:
TI-up to 150 personnel
T2 and T3-up to 350 personnel
T4-up to 200 personnel.
b. Israeli personnel will not carry weapons
outside the sites, except officers who may
carry personal weapons.
c. Only a third party agreed to by Egypt
and Israel will enter and conduct inspec-
tions within the perimeters of technical in-
stallations in the buffer zone. The third
party will conduct inspections in a random
manner at least once a month. The inspec-
tions will verify the nature of the operation
of the installations and the weapons and
personnel therein. The third party will im-
mediately report to the Parties any di-
vergence from an installation's visual and
electronic surveillance or communications
role.
d. Supply of the installations, visits for
technical and administrative purposes, and
replacement of personnel and equipment
situated in the sites, may occur uninterrup-
tedly from the United Nations check points
to the perimeter of the technical installa-
tions, after checking and being escorted by
only the United Nations forces.
e. Israel will be permitted to introduce into
its technical installations items required for
the proper functioning of the installations
and personnel.
f. As determined by the Joint Commission,
Israel will be permitted to:
(1) Maintain in its installations fire-
fighting and general maintenance
equipment as well as wheeled adminis-
trative vehicles and mobile engineering
equipment necessary for the mainte-
nance of the sites. All vehicles shall be
unarmed.
(2) Within the sites and in the buffer
zone, maintain roads, water lines, and
communications cables which serve the
sites. At each of the three installation lo-
cations (Ti, T2 and T3, and T4), this
maintenance may be performed with up
to two unarmed wheeled vehicles and by
up to twelve unarmed personnel with
only necessary equipment, including
heavy engineering equipment if needed.
This maintenance may be performed
three times a week, except for special
problems, and only after giving the
United Nations four hours notice. The
teams will be escorted by the United
Nations.
g. Movement to and from the technical in-
stallations will take place only during day-
light hours. Access to, and exit from, the
technical installations shall be as follows:
(1) Ti: through a United Nations check
point, and via the road between Abu
Aweigila and the intersection of the Abu
Aweigila road and the Gebel Libni road
(at Km. 161), as shown on Map 2.
(2) T2 and T3: through a United Na-
tions checkpoint and via the road con-
structed across the buffer zone to Gebel
Katrina, as shown on Map 2.
(3) T2, T3, and T4: via helicopters
flying within a corridor at the times, and
according to a flight profile, agreed to
by the Joint Commission. The helicop-
ters will be checked by the United Na-
tions Force at landing sites outside the
perimeter of the installations.
h. Israel will inform the United Nations
Force at least one hour in advance of each
intended movement to and from the instal-
lations.
i. Israel shall be entitled to evacuate sick
and wounded and summon medical experts
and medical teams at any time after giving
immediate notice to the United Nations
Force.
4. The details of the above principles and all
other matters in this Article requiring coordination
by the Parties will be handled by the Joint Com-
mission.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
5. These technical installations will be with-
drawn when Israeli forces withdraw from the
interim withdrawal line, or at a time agreed by the
Parties.
Article VI
Disposition of Installations and Military
Barriers
Disposition of installations and military bar-
riers will be determined by the Parties in accord-
ance with the following guidelines:
1. Up to three weeks before Israeli withdrawal
from any area, the Joint Commission will arrange
for Israeli and Egyptian liaison and technical
teams to conduct a joint inspection of all appro-
priate installations to agree upon condition of
structures and articles which will be transferred to
Egyptian control and to arrange for such transfer.
Israel will declare, at that time, its plans for dispo-
sition of installations and articles within the in-
stallations.
2. Israel undertakes to transfer to Egypt all
agreed infrastructure, utilities, and installations
intact, inter alia, airfields, roads, pumping sta-
tions, and ports. Israel will present to Egypt the
information necessary for the maintenance and op-
eration of these facilities. Egyptian technical
teams will be permitted to observe and familiarize
themselves with the operation of these facilities
for a period of up to two weeks prior to transfer.
3. When Israel relinquishes Israeli military water
points near El Arish and El Tor, Egyptian techni-
cal teams will assume control of those installations
and ancillary equipment in accordance with an or-
derly transfer process arranged beforehand by the
Joint Commission. Egypt undertakes to continue to
make available at all water supply points the nor-
mal quantity of currently available water up to the
time Israel withdraws behind the international
boundary, unless otherwise agreed in the Joint
Commission.
4. Israel will make its best effort to remove or de-
stroy all military barriers, including obstacles and
minefields, in the areas and adjacent waters from
which it withdraws, according to the following
concept:
a. Military barriers will be cleared first
from areas near populations, roads, and
major installations and utilities.
b. For those obstacles and minefields
which cannot be removed or destroyed
prior to Israeli withdrawal, Israel will pro-
vide detailed maps to Egypt and the United
Nations through the Joint Commission not
later than 15 days before entry of United
Nations forces into the affected areas.
c. Egyptian military engineers will enter
those areas after United Nations forces
enter to conduct barrier clearance opera-
tions in accordance with Egyptian plans to
be submitted prior to implementation.
Article VII
Surveillance Activities
1. Aerial surveillance activities during the
withdrawal will be carried out as follows:
a. Both Parties request the United States to
continue airborne surveillance flights in ac-
cordance with previous agreements until the
completion of final Israeli withdrawal.
b. Flight profiles will cover the Limited
Forces Zones to monitor the limitations on
forces and armaments, and to determine
that Israeli armed forces have withdrawn
from the areas described in Article II of
Annex I, Article II of this Appendix, and
Maps 2 and 3, and that these forces there-
after remain behind their 'lines. Special in-
spection flights may be flown at the request
of either Party or of the United Nations.
c. Only the main elements in the military
organizations of each Party, as described in
Annex I and in this Appendix, will be re-
ported.
2. Both Parties request the United States oper-
ated Sinai Field Mission to continue its operations
in accordance with previous agreements until
completion of the Israeli withdrawal from the area
east of the Giddi and Mitla Passes. Thereafter, the
Mission will be terminated.
Article VIII
Exercise of Egyptian Sovereignty
Egypt will resume the exercise of its full
sovereignty over evacuated parts of the Sinai upon
Israeli withdrawal as provided for in Article I of
this Treaty.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Sinai Peninsula
Zone "A"---'
Zone "B"
MAP 1
Great
Bnte, Lake
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Sinai Peninsula MAP 2
Great \
I te, Lake%
El Arish-
Ras Mohammad
Line
Saint Catherine's\
Monasteryo
"T2"
"T3
~# tad
fti 300
Q Saudi
3 Arabia
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Sinai Peninsula
Interim Buffer
Zone Line
V
9 Months
II
3 Months
III
45 Months
IV
7 Months
? ? ? ? ? Israeli Sub-Phase Line
-- Egyptian Sub-Phase Line
U.N. Sub-Phase Buffer Zone
Representation of original map included in treaty.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
ANNEX 91
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
PROTOCOL CONCERNING RELATIONS
OF THE PARTIES
Article I
Diplomatic and Consular Relations
The Parties agree to establish diplomatic and
consular relations and to exchange ambassadors
upon completion of the interim withdrawal.
free movement of persons and vehicles from its
territory to the territory of the other.
2. Mutual unimpeded access to places of reli-
gious and historical significance will be provided on
a nondiscriminatory basis.
Article 2
Economic and Trade Relations
1. The Parties agree to remove all discriminatory
barriers to normal economic relations and to termi-
nate economic boycotts of each other upon comple-
tion of the interim withdrawal.
2. As soon as possible, and not later than six
months after the completion of the interim withdra-
wal, the Parties will enter negotiations with a view
to concluding an agreement on trade and commerce
for the purpose of promoting beneficial economic
relations.
Article 5
Cooperation for Development and
Good Neighborly Relations
1. The Parties recognize a mutuality of interest
in good neighborly relations and agree to consider
means to promote such relations.
2. The Parties will cooperate in promoting
peace, stability and development in their region.
Each agrees to consider proposals the other may
wish to make to this end.
3. The Parties shall seek to foster mutual under-
standing and tolerance and will, accordingly,
abstain from hostile propaganda against each
other.
Article 3
Cultural Relations
1. The Parties agree to establish normal cultural
relations following completion of the interim with-
drawal.
2. They agree on the desirability of cultural
exchanges in all fields, and shall, as soon as possible
and not later than six months after completion of
the interim withdrawal, enter into negotiations with
a view to concluding a cultural agreement for this
purpose.
Article 4
Freedom of Movement
1. Upon completion of the interim withdrawal,
each Party will permit the free movement of the
nationals and vehicles of the other into and within
its territory according to the general rules applica-
ble to nationals and vehicles of other states. Neither
Party will impose discriminatory restrictions on the
Article 6
Transportation and Telecommunications
I. The Parties recognize as applicable to each
other the rights, privileges and obligations provided
for by the aviation agreements to which they are
both party, particularly by the Convention on
International Civil Aviation, 1944 ("The Chicago
Convention") and the International Air Services
Transit Agreement, 1944.
2. Upon completion of the interim withdrawal
any declaration of national emergency by a party
under Article 89 of the Chicago Convention will not
be applied to the other party on a discriminatory
basis.
3. Egypt agrees that the use of airfields left by
Israel near El Arish, Rafah, Ras El Nagb and
Sharm El Sheikh shall be for civilian purposes only,
including possible commercial use by all nations.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
4. As soon as possible and not later than six Such access shall be granted on the same conditions
months after the completion of the interim withdra- generally applicable to vessels and cargoes of other
wal, the Parties shall enter into negotiations for the nations. Article 5 of the Treaty of Peace will be
purpose of concluding a civil aviation agreement. implemented upon the exchange of instruments of
5. The Parties will reopen and maintain roads ratification of the aforementioned Treaty.
and railways between their countries and will con-
sider further road and rail links. The Parties further
agree that a highway will be constructed and main- Article 7
tained between Egypt, Israel and Jordan near Eilat Enjoyment of Human Rights
with guaranteed free and peaceful passage of per-
sons, vehicles and goods between Egypt and Jor- The Parties affirm their commitment to respect
dan, without prejudice to their sovereignty over and observe human rights and fundamental free-
that part of the highway which falls within their doms for all, and they will promote these rights and
respective territory. freedoms in accordance with the United Nations
6. Upon completion of the interim withdrawal, Charter.
normal postal, telephone, telex, data facsimile,
wireless and cable communications and television
relay services by cable, radio and satellite shall be Article 8
established between the two Parties in accordance Territorial Seas
with all relevant international conventions and reg-
ulations. Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 5
7. Upon completion of the interim withdrawal, of the Treaty of Peace each Party recognizes the
each Party shall grant normal access to its ports for right of the vessels of the other Party to innocent
vessels and cargoes of the other, as well as vessels passage through its territorial sea in accordance
and cargoes destined for or coming from the other. with the rules of international law.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
AGREED MINUTES
TO ARTICLES I, IV, V AND VI AND ANNEXES I AND III
F TREATY OF PEACE
TICLE VI(5)
Egypt's resumption of the exercise of full
sovereignty over the Sinai provided for in para-
graph 2 of Article I shall occur with regard to each
area upon Israel's withdrawal from that area.
It is agreed between the parties that the review
provided for in Article IV(4) will be undertaken
when requested by either party, commencing
within three months of such a request, but that any
amendment can be made only with the mutual
agreement of both parties.
It is agreed by the Parties that there is no asser-
tion that this Treaty prevails over other Treaties or
agreements or that other Treaties or agreements
prevail over this Treaty. The foregoing is not to be
construed as contravening the provisions of Article
VI(5) of the Treaty, which reads as follows:
"Subject to Article 103 of the United Na-
tions Charter, in the event of a conflict be-
tween the obligations of the Parties under the
present Treaty and any of their other obliga-
tions, the obligations under this Treaty will
be binding and implemented."
The second sentence of paragraph 2 of Article V
shall not be construed as limiting the first sentence
of that paragraph. The foregoing is not to be con-
strued as contravening the second sentence of
paragraph 2 of Article V, which reads as follows:
"The parties will respect each other's right
to navigation and overflight for access to
either country through the Strait of Tiran and
the Gulf of Aqaba."
ARTICLE VI(2)
The provisions of Article VI shall not be con-
strued in contradiction to the provisions of the
framework for peace in the Middle East agreed at
Camp David. The foregoing is not to be construed
as contravening the provisions of Article VI(2) of
the Treaty, which reads as follows:
"The Parties undertake to fulfill in good
faith their obligations under this Treaty,
without regard to action or inaction of any
other party and independently of any instru-
ment external to this Treaty."
Article VI, Paragraph 8, of Annex I provides as
follows:
"The Parties shall agree on the nations from
which the United Nations force and obser-
vers will be drawn. They will be drawn from
nations other than those which are permanent
members of the United Nations Security
Council. "
The Parties have agreed as follows:
"With respect to the provisions of paragraph
8, Article VI, of Annex I, if no agreement is
reached between the Parties, they will accept
or support a U.S. proposal concerning the
composition of the United Nations force and
observers."
The Treaty of Peace and Annex III thereto pro-
vide for establishing normal economic relations
between the Parties. In accordance therewith, it is
agreed that such relations will include normal
commercial sales of oil by Egypt to Israel, and that
Israel shall be fully entitled to make bids for
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Egyptian-origin oil not needed for Egyptian
domestic oil consumption, and Egypt and its oil
concessionaires will entertain bids made by Israel,
on the same basis and terms as apply to other bid-
ders for such oil.
For the Government For the Government of the
of Israel: Arab Republic of Egypt: Jimmy Carter, President
M. BEGIN A. SADAT of the United States of America
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
JOINT LETTER TO PRESIDENT CARTER FROM
PRESIDENT SADAT AND PRIME MINISTER BEGIN
This letter confirms that Egypt and Israel have
agreed as follows:
The Governments of Egypt and Israel recall that
they concluded at Camp David and signed at the
White House on September 17, 1978, the annexed
documents entitled "A Framework for Peace in
the Middle East Agreed at Camp David" and
"Framework for the conclusion of a Peace Treaty
between Egypt and Israel."
For the purpose of achieving a comprehensive
peace settlement in accordance with the above-
mentioned Frameworks, Egypt and Israel will pro-
ceed with the implementation of those provisions
relating to the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
They have agreed to start negotiations within a
month after the exchange of the instruments of
ratification of the Peace Treaty. In accordance
with the "Framework for Peace in the Middle
East," the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is in-
vited to join the negotiations. The Delegations of
Egypt and Jordan may include Palestinians from
the West Bank and Gaza Strip or other Palestinians
as mutually agreed. The purpose of the negotiation
shall be to agree, prior to the elections, on the
modalities for establishing the elected self-
governing authority (administrative council), de-
fine its powers and responsibilities, and agree
upon other related issues. In the event Jordan de-
cides not to take part in the negotiations, the
negotiations will be held by Egypt and Israel.
The two Governments agree to negotiate con-
tinuously and in good faith to conclude these
negotiations at the earliest possible date. They also
agree that the objective of the negotiations is the
establishment of the self-governing authority in
the West Bank and Gaza in order to provide full
autonomy to the inhabitants.
Egypt and Israel set for themselves the goal of
completing the negotiations within one year so that
elections will be held as expeditiously as possible
after agreement has been reached between the par-
ties. The self-governing authority referred to in the
"Framework for Peace in the Middle East" will
be established and inaugurated within one month
after it has been elected, at which time the transi-
tional period of five years will begin. The Israeli
military government and its civilian administration
will be withdrawn, to be replaced by the self-
governing authority, as specified in the
"Framework for Peace in the Middle East." A
withdrawal of Israeli armed forces will then take
place and there will be a redeployment of the re-
maining Israeli forces into specified security loca-
tions.
This letter also confirms our understanding that
the United States Government will participate fully
in all stages of negotiations.
For the Government For the Government of the
of Israel: Arab Republic of Egypt:
Menachem Begin Mohamed Anwar El-Sadat
The President,
The White House
Explanatory Note
President Carter, upon receipt of the Joint Letter to him from President Sadat and Prime Minis-
ter Begin, has added to the American and Israeli copies the notation: "I have been informed
that the expression `West Bank' is understood by the Government of Israel to mean `Judea and
Samaria'." This notation is in accordance with similar procedures established at Camp David.
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
LETTERS REGARDING EXCHANGE OF AMBASSADORS
In response to your request, I can confirm that,
within one month after the completion of Israel's
withdrawal to the interim line as provided for in
the Treaty of Peace between Egypt and Israel,
Egypt will send a resident ambassador to Israel
and will receive a resident Israeli ambassador in
Egypt.
Sincerely,
A. SADAT
Mohamed Anwar El-Sadat
The President,
The White House
I have received a letter from President Sadat
that, within one month after Israel completes its
withdrawal to the interim line in Sinai, as provided
for in the Treaty of Peace between Egypt and Is-
rael, Egypt will send a resident ambassador to Is-
rael and will receive in Egypt a resident Israeli
ambassador.
I would be grateful if you will confirm that this
procedure will be agreeable to the Government of
Israel.
Jimmy Carter
His Excellency
Menachem Begin,
Prime Minister of the
State of Israel
March 26, 1979
Dear Mr. President:
I am pleased to be able to confirm that the Gov-
ernment of Israel is agreeable to the procedure set
out in your letter of March 26, 1979 in which you
state:
"I have recieved a letter from President Sadat
that, within one month after Israel completes its
withdrawal to the interim line in Sinai, as pro-
vided for in the Treaty of Peace between Egypt
and Israel, Egypt will send a resident ambas-
sador to Israel and will receive in Egypt a resi-
dent Israeli ambassador."
Sincerely,
M. BEGIN
Manachem Begin
The President,
The White House
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83R00184R002600290006-7
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11
LETTERS FROM PRESIDENT CARTER TO PRESIDENT
SADAT AND PRIME MINISTER BEGIN
I wish to confirm to you that subject to United
States Constitutional processes:
In the event of an actual or threatened violation
of the Treaty of Peace between Egypt and Israel,
the United States will, on request of one or both of
the Parties, consult with the Parties with respect
thereto and will take such other action as it may
deem appropriate and helpful to achieve com-
pliance with the Treaty.
The United States will conduct aerial monitoring
as requested by the Parties pursuant to Annex I of
the Treaty.
The United States believes the Treaty provision
for permanent stationing of United Nations per-
sonnel in the designated limited force zone can and
should be implemented by the United Nations Se-
curity Council. The United States will exert its
utmost efforts to obtain the requisite action by the
Security Council. If the Security Council fails to
establish and maintain the arrangements called for
in the Treaty, the President will be prepared to
take those steps necessary to ensure the establish-
ment and maintenance of an acceptable alternative
multinational force.
Sincerely,
JIMMY CARTER
Jimmy Carter
His Excellency His Excellency
Mohamed Anwar El-Sadat, Menachem Begin,
President of the Arab Prime Minister of the
Republic of Egypt State of Israel
Sincerely,
JIMMY CARTER
Jimmy Carter
Approved For Release 2007/09/11
I wish to confirm to you that subject to United
States Constitutional processes:
In the event of an actual or threatened violation
of the Treaty of Peace between Israel and Egypt,
the United States will, on request of one or both of
the Parties, consult with the Parties with respect
thereto and will take such other action as it may
deem appropriate and helpful to achieve com-
pliance with the Treaty.
The United States will conduct aerial monitoring
as requested by the Parties pursuant to Annex I of
the Treaty.
The United States believes the Treaty provision
for permanent stationing of United Nations per-
sonnel in the designated limited force zone can and
should be implemented by the United Nations Se-
curity Council. The United States will exert its
utmost efforts to obtain the requisite action by the
Security Council. If the Security Council fails to
establish and maintain the arrangements called for
in the Treaty, the President will be prepared to
take those steps necessary to ensure the establish-
ment and maintenance of an acceptable alternative
multinational force.
 Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
 Seerret
Secret
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7
Approved For Release 2007/09/11: CIA-RDP83RO0184R002600290006-7