ELECTRONICS DEVELOPMENT AT NII-160, FRYAZINO

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R013300500009-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 7, 2006
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: August 20, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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INFORMATION REPORT REPORT
COUNTRY USSR (Moscow Oblast)
SUBJECT Electronics Development at NII-160, F:ryazino
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE
ACQUIRED
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THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES. WITHIN THE MEANING OF TITLE 18, SECTIONS 793
AND 794.. OF THE U.S. CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REVE-
LATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
PROHIBITED BY LAW. THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
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SECRET
SECURITY INFORMATION
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DATE DISTR. 20 August 1952
NO. OF PAGES 11
NO, OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Ia.t OSW, Berlin, in August 1945
work on coping
,
the American 723 AFB 3 cm k yst:can begun at Telefunken during World
War II. Copy work was shortly finished and the klystron readied for production.
Pilot production started at OSW although some difficulty was experienced in
procuring suitable materials and in obtaining sufficient vacuum, but these problems
were gradually overcome. Samples, of this type klystron were sent to Svvetlana Tube
Factory at Leningrad after the departure of the Germans to the USSR in c
1946.
amp es of the copies 723 A /B were also sent to Institute 160, Fryazino,
prior to the departure of the Germans from OSW, and subsequently designated as the
Soviet K,3-1-1., K3-2 and K3.3. The K3?l covers the -ange 3.05 to 3.5 cm; the K3-2
2.9 to 3.05 cm; and the -3 the range of 3.5 to 4 cm. The latter designations
were given to these tubes after copying and production had started in the USSR.
Tools and Jigs for production were sent to Svetlana during the middle of 1947 and
were set up for operation by Dipl Ing Alfred Uberrueck. (Uberrueck returned to
East Germany in December 1950, worked two weeks at OSW. and then disaroeared.
CLASSIFICATION
RETURN TO RECORDS CENTER
IMMEDIATELY AFTER USE
JOB J>Oy / Z.
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O
2. When the Germans first arrived at Institute 160 a few British type
CV-22 10 cm klystrous were on hand in the Radio Physics Laboratory.
These tubes worked fairly well under laboratory conditions, but the
Soviet copy, designated as the K10-1, was extremely poor in opera-
tion, due principally to the fact that no qualified personnel were'
at that time engaged in klystron 'work. Soviet female engineer
;:..- in charge of the klystron program and even though she
was an intelligent woman and had previously worked with a qualified
Soviet engineer, she was not competent for the position
she hold. To assist her, two girls with no technical background
whatsoever had been hired from the village of Fr.a:ino.
-with whom she had previously worked, was sent to 08W in 1946 to in-
veatigate klystran techniques. He came back to Institute 160 for a
period of two weeks in 1947 and was then transferred to the Svetlana
Plant in Leningrad, where he is employed at the present time.
After the Germans arrived, Behlke, Gross, and Sohraeter constructed
Jigs for the production of K10-1,type klystrons and also began work'
on copying the American klystron type K-28,,which was designated as
the Russian K10-2 typed These tubes were placed in limited produc-
tion by the end of 1947 and were in fairly large scale production
by the end of 1948. Germans Willi. Siems and Mid acted as liaison
between the development laboratory and the factory concerning pro-
duction of these klystrons. E__ 7
25)?15X1 by April 1952 production of the type K1--2
25X1. reached several thousand per month. At the beginning of 1949 the
KlO-1 was dropped from production. In 1949, 10 to 15 of type K10-2
were tested in the klystron laboratory per day. Poor construction
techniques accounted for 70 to 80o rejects in 1948, but by the end
of 1949 rejects of the K10-2 dropped to 50% and remained at this
figure until the Germans departed for repatriation in April 1952.
4. Other klystron types in production at Institute 160 are the KT-2
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(1.94 to 2.06 cm), KT-3 (3.05 to 3.35 cm),and:KT-10 (9.3 to 10.8 on).
Each of these types is thermally tuned for fine frequency adjustment.
A broad-band klystron is under development for a range of 2..8 to
4.5 on; however, the exact Russian designation is unknown. The
klystroniwas developed by Soviet engineers although the Germans
KolberR and Werner actually constructed the models. This type was
worked on for a period of only two weeks before the 'Germans left
Institute 160.
our or five of them came from various institutes
in Moscow (names unknown) four to six weeks before the Germans left.
5. No high-power klystron work has been undertaken at Institute 160,
but what was claimed by the Soviets to bA a high-power 2-chamber
type was developed by and at an institute
in Moscow (name unknown before the German Group arrived at Insti-
25X1 tute 160. was
chief of the Klystron Laboratory from 1948 to the beginning of 1952,
at whi?h time he was relieved of his assignment but stayed on at
Institute 160 as a technical consultant. was assigned'
as Director of the Scientific Section in 1948 and still holds that
position. During the period 1946 to 19489 was assigned
to 08W in Berlin. When was relieved as Chief of the
Klystron Laboratory in early 1952, he was replaced by a ~,
who had been previously assigned to OSW. How long was
at OSW is unknown to me.
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6. In mid-1930 a Soviet brought two broad-band klystrone to Institute-160
from an unknown institute in Moscow. One of these tubes is tunable
over the range 3.5 to 6.5 cm, the other from 5 to 9 cm. Each has an
Output of 15 to 20 mw and is used at Institute 160 in signal genera-
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the American publication "Proceedings of IRE". The two klystrons
differed only in the frequency range ooverede They were extremely
poor in operation because of frequency jumping.
MLGNETRON DEVELOPMENT,
7. Two types of zero slot magnetrons, which had been developed previously
at OSW, were constructed at Institute 160 to be used in low-power
signal generators for test purposes. The tubes differed only in the
band of frequencies covered, one tunable. from 1.5 to 6 om,: the other
from 5 to 12 cm. Neither of these magnetrons was very successful
in operation because of the extremely short heater life.
8. Magnetrons in quantity production at Institute 160 are manufactured in
a separate building constructed expressly for this purpose. Chief of
this section is Feodosiyev, who was formerly employed at OSW. Both CT
and impulse types are produced9 although the greatest emphasis is
placed on copying American impulse types. Actual samples of the mag-
netrons to be copied are relied upon,in addition to articles appearing
in the "RCA Review" and the "Bell System Technical Journal". German
samples-from OSW were also utilized in the 10,.38and 2 cm bands. 0
production of the 2 cm magnetron began,
sometime before 1951. One of the German-co ed mag-
netrons had a teak power out ut of one megawatt.
it to be a 10 cm type. The modulator
for the one megawatt magnetron was developed by the German Grimm.
The only German who worked with the. Soviet chiefFeodosiyev was a
meohanio, Hans Sim.
9. The Soviet chief for CW magnetron development is Zu oysk y who
studied to the "Kandidat"-level at the Teohnieche.Hooheohule in Berlin
Charlottenberg.:..Germans.Heint Groff and Helmuth St olleworked with
Zu.zm .nevs .1,,; . uw magnetrons for wavelengths of 10, 3, 2, and 1 cros
were developed and plape in production.
develo meat of the 1 cm type .98-1.03 cm was
completed in 1951-1 all types are copies of either
American or German developments, with the exception of one which
Zuzmanovs ,y claimed was a great improvement over the German LKS 2
a mechanically continuous) tuned ma netron
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"packaged" magnetrons,
Zuzmanovskiy had plans. to develop them. uc trouble was experienced
by the Soviets with obtaining sufficient field strength permanent in
the magnets used with magnetron tubes.
TEST DEVICES FOR CENTIUETER WAVELENGTHS:
12. Four days prior to the mass deportation of OSW specialists to the
USSR, Dr Karl Steeiimmel, Dr Eitel Sppiegel, Dil Ing Wilhelm Grimm.
Fl__ oehr,and Zikanke were flown to Morino L56- 05" N 32 48+
from Berlin.. These men were told by the Soviets that they'
hey were to
complete a small task concerning the testing of magnetrons, and would
be returned to Berlin within two weeks. They returned five years
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later They took with them a spectrum analyzer which had been
developed by Grimm and Zikanke at OSW and which was put into use at
Institute 160. -Specifications of this instrument are as follows:
(a) Range covered: 8-12 cm. Modified in 1947/1948 to include
3-3-5 sac .
b Input: 70 ohms coaxial for 8-12 cm, waveguide for 3.0-3.5 cm.
a) Sensitivity: .5 millivolt to 70 ohm input.
d CRT display
-.e Width of spectrum displayed: 50 moo
13. K1 stron Development Labora-
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Until 1949, when he was arrested for political reasons,
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25X1 Dr Warner was also concerned with the development of cm teiot
25X1 gear. Prior to 1949, only the Germans were concerned with this
program; however, at that time the Soviets came into the group and
in December 1950 took over the development and construction of cen-
timeter test equipment entirely. At the time of his arrest Dr Vogi
was engaged in developing test equipment for one-and two-centimeter
wavelengths. The actual bands to be covered by this equipment were
..98 to 1.03 cm. and 1.96 to 2.04 cm. In the early part of 1949 a
1 am signal generator was brought to Institute 160 from an institute
25X1 in Moscow The reflex klystron used
in this instrument was Soviet-made and had a power output of approxi-
mately 10 mw. Output of the 1, 2,and 3 cm klystrons"'was measured by
bolometers and thermistors. Magnetron output was measured by the
calorimetric method of measuring the temperature rise of water. Most
of the test equipment in Institute 160 was taken from OSW9 although
during 1950 and 1951 Soviet-produoed test equipment began to arrive
from Moscow. Thermistors received from Moscow were especially good.
14. For sometime after the first group of Germans were sent back to East
Germany in December 1950, the Soviets at Institute 160 experienced
considerable difficulty with test equipment, especially the more
complicated types. For example, if trouble was experienced with a
rather complicated "Q,11 meter;the Soviets had a very difficult time
effecting the necessary corrections. Although recent Soviet en-
gineering graduates are well founded in theory, they greatly lack
the necessary practical experience which only time can bring.
15. Dr Eitel Spiegel developed DC amplifiers for measuring purposes and
IF amplifiers for frequencies of 15 to 20 moo and 60 to 90 mos.
16. All klystrons were subjected to vibration tests in the range of 15
to 20 cps, in both vertical and horizontal positions, at 4 to 5 GIs.
17. 10 cm silicon video detectors were copied from the Western Electric
type and designated as the Russian type KD-3. A 10 am mixer version
of-the same US type was designated as the KD-2. A 3 cm video crystal,
the KD-6, was copied from the German ED-701 to ED-707 series. The
Russian KD-8 is a 2 cm selected version of the KD-6. The KD-2, KD-3,
KD-6, and KD-8 have been in quantity production since the beginning
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of 19509 By April 1952
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approximately 100 pilot models of a 1 cm cavity detector were completed
and quantity production was ready to commence.
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Tantalum oat whiskers were used'for all mixer orys-
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tale, wolfram or molybdenum for video. The Germans concerned with '
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crystal detectors.at Institute 160 were Dr E Sohloemiloh.and Dr Kurt
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Riichter.
A very intelligent young Soviet engineer worked with Dr
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Richter.on germanium detectors
F77 I
German engineers
were taken off crystal detector work'after 1951.
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TRANSISTORS:
18. The Soviets were greatly interested in transistors and 3 or 4 samples
from the US arrived at Institute 160 during the early part of 1951-
25X1 Copies of this type were intended, but none
was ever constructed. None of the German group was concerned with
transistors and the only Soviet known to me who worked in this field
'was Xrasilov
MINIATURE. TUBES:
19. The Soviet Zhchustim was chief of the laboratory for miniature tube
At the
25X1 beginning of 1951 the Germans Milde, Gan__-swind , and ante joined
25X1.. this group after being relieved of duty in the klystron laboratory.
SPARK GAP MODULATORS:
20. A high-power spark gap modulator is available at Institute 160,
25X1 this modula-
tor was one which had been developed by a r A eo ,ner at OSW.
Splechtner had previously worked on such a modulator at Telefunken
25X1 and OSW. When the German group was deported from OSW in 1946,
Spleohtner was sent to Gorki;;. He disappeared from Gork: at the same
time in 1949 when Dr Vogl was arrested. Jomment: A forthcoming
interview will include questions concerning the develop-ment and use of hard tube and hydrogen thyratron modulators
VERY HIGH.POWER VACUUM TUBES:
21. In 1948 a 1000 kw water-cooled triode suitable for low and medium
25X1 frequencies was developed by Z1azman__,,vskiy.
25X1 heard the Soviets mention that it.was
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factured~at Institute'160 are used for air force purposes. a
one naval officer visited the Institute during the same period.,
since the Air Force visited more frequently and
displayed more interest, that the cm wavelength vacuum tubes manu-
the Germans heard in 1948 that an American
SCR 584 radar or copy thereof would be sent to Institute 160 from
Moscow*
development. during the entire stay of the Germans and was assisted
by Dr Kurt Mie, technician Krueger, and mechanic Fischer (Dr Mie
actually did not arrive at Institute 160 until 1947).1 The majority,
if not all, of the standard American miniature types were copied
and are produced. work on sub-
miniature tubes was never undertaken at Institute.
VISITS BY MILITARY PERSONNEL TO INSTITUTE 1601
22. Several uniformed Soviet Air Force personnel (the Germans believed
them to be captains) visited the Institute several times in 1949 and
1950, apparently for technical inspections. They appeared to be
interested in work being conducted on copying the German metal
ceramic tube type LD-11 and the 723 A/B klystron.
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C TARC1RITT I O .TIOI
23. Toward the end of 1948 asked personnel of his laboratory
to undertake the construction of 10 an jamming equipment. The equipw
pent consisted of, a noise-modulated tunable .I,ystron which operated
on a spot frequency while a second klystron was mechanically swept by
an electric motor over a range of approximately 100 son and served as
the local oscillator for a radar receiver. :.,.very was apparently
satisfied that the principl,e,worked and nothing further was done on
the project.` The equipment remained at Institute 160.
25X1 Zuz, : gained the idea from available American technical liters.'
Lure and. was interested only in determining results of the idea.
9 T . E E N VACUUM TUBE P L A N E ' S IF 1 ? .. E L 24. Novosibireks When Dr Steimel and the other four German engineers:, '
who preceded the mass deportation from OSW, arrived in Monino (they
were sent to the Sanitori Morino for billeting purposes Only,'bnt
actually worked in Institute 160)# they were told by the Soviet
t zman , from the Ministry for Telecommunications Equipment in
Moscow, that they would be retained in the 'USSR for several years.
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About six months later Katzman. became the Director of the Vacuum
Tube Factory at Novosibirsk and still held this position when the
last of the German group was sent home in April 1952.
tsetal~-ceramic
tubes were being manufactured there. The principle problems which
Richter was to solve were (1) insufficiently active getters which
25X1. had been produced at Institute 160 and' (2) "cathode poisoning from
ceramic soldering materials. These difficulties were being experienced
on Soviet copies of the German tube types LD-11 and LD-12. One year
after his visit, a Soviet engineer from Novosibirsk came to Institute
160 to consult Richter on a few minor problems concerning metal-
ceramic tube production. During the conversation Richter gained the
impression that the Soviets had succeeded in solving the majority of
25X1 their problems. Tory little information was gained by Richter during
his visits to'Novosibirsk since he was oonsulted in a room separated
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25X1 Only Soviet personne are
nap cat's in this plant.
29. Svetla na k1aL T&
Len d s
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25X1onventional receiver tubes, and small transmitter tubes.
25X1 no miniature type tubes.
25X126. ?Taskcents This factory was built during WW II, is very large, and,
25X1 manufactures only conventional receiver
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27. Saratovs The factory was only recently completed.
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28. Moscows Several large laboratories located in Moseow, although not
25X1 classed as factories, actually produce quantities of vacuum tubes
25X1 and should be included in the USSR vacuum tube potential.
29.
the Svetlana Plant and those located at
all es
roduotion'T-R tubes for 3 oms
in 1947
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for Telecommunications Equipment in Moscow,
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30. Nothing was done in this field at Institute 160, but some work was
done at institutes in Moscow and Leningrad:
--Russian type T-8, approximately 8 mm.long, and type T-9,
about 5-6 mm long, were received at Institute 160. The quality
MAGNETIC AMPLIFIERS:
31.
WAVE GUIDES:
32. Wave guides were constructed at Institute 160 for use only in test
equipment associated with the development of magnetrons and klystrons,
although some 3 cm wave guides were received from an unknown initi-
tute. All were constructed of copper, were rectangular, and'silver
plated inside and out. Dimensions of both waveguides and coaxial
transmission lines in use at Institute 160 are listed below:
WAVE GUIDES
Wavelength
Dimensions
1 cm 4.5 x 7.3 mm
tam 8x17mm
Sam 1Ox23mm
12.5x28.5mm
5 cm 24 x 484 mm
10 am 34 x 72-ma
1 meter Dimensions unknown but peak power
capacity is 1 megawatt
CONCENTRIC TRANSMISSION LINES
Zo - 70 ohms)
For 10 am wavelengths Air dielectric, 5 mm inner conductor, outer
conductor 16 mm
For 10 cm and longer Polyethylene dieleotrio, 9.8 yam inner conductor,
wavelengths: 31.2 mm outer
ICONOSCOPES:
33?
ioonosoopes and associated test
gear were' constructed and sent to an unknown destination. Conven-
tional photocells were also produced.
C OatPUTERS :
34? No development was done at Institute 160, but a digital type mechan-
ical computer was delivered from Moscow at the beginning of 1950.
.This computer was requested by 12, Chief of the Theoretical
Department, but great'difficulty was experienced with the machine
because of faulty relays-and the Soviets much preferred to use the
abacus as a simple aid in solving mathematical problems. Dr Steimel
worked to improve the operation of the machine, but finally' decided
that it was a hopeless task.
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on the subject are to be found in Moscow, since a man was assigned
from a Moscow institute for the express purpose of assisting in the
pro jaot- at Institute 160.
'fBJILITG WAVE TUBES z
5. No Germans were involved with the project, but in the beginning of
1952 the Soviets began work on a traveling wave tube. No details
were revealed to me, but more knowledgeable Soviets
UR CAL.. LITERATT/RE AT INSTITUTE 160s
36. American and British publications were much preferred by the German
engineers as well as the better qualified Soviets. Very little if
any original information appeared in Soviet periodicals.. Russian
technical periodicals are offered for sale at any Moscow bookstore,
but translated foreign literature is available only from libraries.
Only Soviets were allowed access to translated foreign technical
literature in the libraries and the German engineers were denied
this privilege unless they obtained a special pass signed by the
Soviet department head. In addition to the speoisl,pass, each
German had to be accompanied by and vouched for by a Soviet. Only
limited quantities of Russian technical periodicals, such as "Radio
Tekhuika,",are published. The scientific institutes are supplied
first,and left-over copies.are distributed to bookstores.
37. Although nothing original was presented, a pooling of known inforva-
tion' concerning klystron development was prepared by dank o
and published in 1950 under the title of aIlyetrons". OooasioZally,
articles written by Ivozdover on klystrons appeared-in Russian teoh-
nical periodicals. the latter is a professor in a Moscow university
and frequently visited Institute 160 as a consultant. Svozdover is
50 to 55 years of ago and previously spent some time in Germany.
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38?
25X1 by Zvozdover. they appeared in other periodicals
25X1 also,
82W T EUCTRONICS EN S t
periadipal "Radio Te'*:hnika" sometimes carried articles on k sirons
the Soviet laboratory chiefs are well qualified took-.
nically. Most of these people had previously studied in Germany or
treat Britain. Per the past few years a very extensive formal and
on-the-job training program has been conducted in the USSR in the
field of eleotrronics. Although difficult to pursue to completion, a
number of persons at institute 160 were taking correspondence courses
in electronics subjects. Following completion of these courses,
which consist of several years off-duty study plus on-the-job practice,
extensive examinations may be taken for an engineer's diplomas This
.course was normally pursued by the more ambitious members of the
"Bronze Modal" class students (classified on,oompletion of primary
school). Since this prooedure for acquiring an engineer's diploma'
or the title "Jung Ingeneur" meant approximately fire years.o' study
in addition to.performing the normal work expected of a factory em-
ployee, and as only the poorer primary students fall into the
"Bronze Modal" category, a very small percentage over completed the
requirements... These students, or "Jung Teohnikas", noted-as labors-
Cory assistants in the Institute. _After.a period.of practical ex-
perience, the time depending on the individual, they become known as
"Technikas ". An they become more profioient they become known} as
"Alt Teohnikas". Pay increases accompany each of the foregoing
promotions.;
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39. After 10 years of primary school, at which time the student averages
18 years of age, the "Gold Medal" (let class) students automatically
proceed to universities. The second group, ; ocording to grades re-
ceived in primary school, commonly known as "Silver Medal" student'so
are required to take further examinations for entrance to.uni.ver-
sities. "Bronze Medal" students have the possibility of attending
the universities if they successfully pass extensive pre-entrance
exaaminations._ University engineering graduates are first known as
"Jung Ingeneure" and successive) "the to the titles of "Ingeneur"
and "Alt Ingeneur*'. the university trained engineers
25X1 are as well qualified in theory as their German equivalents; howevert. they
are lacking in practical laboratory experience. This situation is
recognized by the Soviets and is being rapidly improved. Rectifioa-
tion of this situation, however, must necessarily mean increased
training time since a student is required to pass an extensive ex-
amination in political knowledge before graduation, and preparation
for'this examination takes away valuable time from technical studies.
40. Although increased salaries accompany each promotion in the ranks of
engineers and technicians, no increase is made in concessions son-
oerniing food, clothing, or housing. Increased pay may also be gained
by successfully passing an examination in any foreign language. The
25X1 more proficiency demonstrated, the greater the increase in pay.
41. Toward the end of the Germanr?& stay at Institute 160
the best qualified graduates. Dame from the Lomonos5' University in
Moscow. This university is now only two years old and i's located
in,the Lenins1 ,;k: Gori district of Moscow. It is considered to be
the largest university in the Soviet Union.
OTFER GERMAN GROUPS IN TEE USSR s
42. Guidance Group headed by Dr Bushbeck 49hea queried concerning the
25X1 activities of this group, replied
25X1 that the group was concerns on only with servo-meob n ems.
The question concerning the relative positions of Monino S nitorius
and the institute in the village of Monino (560.05' 1 - 32~ 481 E)
proper, which served as the working site for the Bushbeok Group, was
25X1 clarified as follows
(a) The Sanitorium Monino served merely as living quarters for a
part.of the Germans who were actually employed at Institute 163
in Fryaino. In 1948 this entire group was moved to the town of
'ry a:; ino and the Sanitorium again became the property of the
Soviet Air Force, to be used for the purpose for which it was
originally constructed.
(b) Toward the and of 1950 Dr Bushbeok and a few members of his
group were transferred to an institute'in Moscow F_ I 25X1
The rest of the group remained in the village of Monino.
in the early part of 1952 a member of the Bushbeck Group in
Moscow remarked to Dr Schuettloeffi that the Institute 160 per-
sonnel were indeed fortunate in being returned to Germany since
they, themselves, 'had been notified that they, were not to return
for several, years. Members of the group who accompanied Bushbeok
to the Moscow Inetit.te in 1950 reportedly signed a contract for
an`additional four years in the USSR. The-entire complement of
Germans who were left in Monino in 1950.(approximately 30 eo.le
were returned to East Berlin on April 22.?of this year.' 25X1
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43. The night before the train left :fir asinm to return the German group
to East Germany, 'three former 0SW employees, Br Sohuettlo,,?ff1#
25X1 Rebook and Prei azner a3rived by bus from.Moscow and returned, with *e
Institute 160 group.
OTEEA S ELECTRONIC INSTITUTESs
/4. Institute #20, sometimes referred, to as "The Moscow Insititute" under
the supervision of Admiral Nertg originated some of the kl etron
develo ment tasks which were undertaken at institute 160. 1 _J 25X1
this institute probably is concerned with the
ere opaen an P06 8101y the production of operational equipment for
am wavelengths. Projects originated by Institute #20 are not sub-
itted to Institute 160 directly, however, but are forwarded through
e Ministry for Telecommunications Equipment, the proper channel for
h"01
all tasks undertaken by institutes and factories under its jurisdie-i-
bona. Once the project. is assigned through proper channels, direct
coordination is then effected between Institute 160 and-the originat-
ing institute or factory concerned. pressed for names 25X1
of other establishments which originate tasks eventually assigned to
Institute 160, but he knows of nothing specific beyond th fact that'
several institutes in.addition to #20 do exist in Mono ow,j Steinel,
Grieco, Spiegel, and T " actually visited the premises of .Institute
#20 sometime in 19479 25X1
25X1
25X1 45. In 1949 notice was served to the Germans that they were absolutely
25X1 forbidden under the threat of heavy penalty to visit the city of
-agorek. Although the reason was never made known we naturally as-
sumea that something of great importance must be located there.
46. Mace there have boon some indications regarding the possibility of
25X1
a vacuum tube Taint located along the railroad between Moscow and
Leningrady was queried for knows edge of such an establishment.
He knots o no suo plant and related that if one does exist it is
probably in Kling since the is the only city in the vicinity capable
of supplying a labor force,
470
Upon arrival in East Berlin on 22 April 1952, the Gorman group was
temporarily billeted in a guest house supervised by the Zantral Ant
f.Pprsohung u. Technik. At a general meeting that night --]ad-
dressed by Prof osn ,_ Chief of the Zentral Amt, concerning positions
available in East Gorman el-eotronica firms. Dr i the technical
director of OSW, was also present. In general.it:was said, that the
DDR is extremely deficient in high-caliber electronics personnel and
that the recent returnees were welcomed with open arms. Although
not openly said, it was definitely inferred that all of the better
itualifiet'men had defected to West Germany. Mailing addresses of
those preset at this meeting were taken so that individual offers
25X1
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 Approved For Release 2006/04/20 CIA-RDP82-00457R013300500009-4
25X1
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
could be me,iled later.
I KIBGS ON VACUUM TUBES PRODUCED AT INSTITUTE 160:
48-
25X1
a sketch of a typical marking appearin on vacuum
tubes produced at Institute 160. Has Enclosure (B) .7
ENCLOSURE (A) Klystrons in Development & Production at Institute 160
ENCLOSURE (B Tyrpioal Markings. on Vacuum Tubee.Produced.at.Institute 160
25X1
Comment- The correct spelling of the obviously garbled name
us .ten is uncertain, but may pos: ihiy be Zakxstin.
SECRET
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 Approved For Release 2006/04/20 : CIA-RDP82-00457RO13300500009-4
SECRET/SECURITY INFORM&TION
KLYSTRONS IN DEVELOP NT & PRODUCTION
AT. INSTITUTE . 160
25X1
Type
N~,
Wavelen th
cm
Cavity Aco
voltage
Beam Cur-
rent (ma)
Repeller
Volts
Tuning
Range
mo
Power
Output (mw)
K10-2
8.5-11.5
+250
20-25
-80
-150
15-18
75-120
K3-1
3.05-3.5
+300
20-30
-50
-150
25-40
20-40
K3-2
2.9-3.05
+300
20-30
-50
-150
30-50
15-30
K3-3
3.5-4.0
+300
20-30
-50
-150
25-40
20-40
IT-3
3.05-3.35
+300
50-60
-50
-150
?
15-35
KT-10
9.3-10.8
+300
50-60
-50
-150
?
50-90
KT-2
1.94-2.06
+300
50-60
-50
-150
30-60
10-25
?
2.8-4.5
+300-400
(Under development in April 1952. No ot
her
details known. Waveguidee used in ?onjuuotion
with this tube were 10x23 mm and 12.5x28.55 mm.)
Pine tuning,of types K1O-2, K3-1, K3-2, & K3-3 done electrically.
Types ,KT-3, KT-2, and KT-10 are thermally tuned.
ENCLOSURE (A)
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 Approved For Release 2006/04/20 CIA-RDP82-00457RO13300500009-4
SECRET- SECURITY IIJFORMhMICh{
25X1
4 (2) 48
IMv+) ' (Week (Y"A
TYPICAL - MARIKI NGS Ou VACUUM TUBES
PW UCED AT IIJSTI TUTS ISO
ti clbsu,re (b)
SECRET
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