(UNTITLED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP58-00597A000200140032-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 21, 2004
• Sequence Number: 32
• Publication Date: November 11, 1956
• Content Type: TRANS

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FO:' I:ELEASj AT 6:00 P.~ :., SU:LDAY, NOVE:DE'' 11, 1956
FAO:.: T.:E SEI'ATE LP?TE'':1AL S 'CU2ITY SUBCO~_ITTE
Se4ator Eastland (D-h?sp) released today the testimony of
Seweryn Dialer, who until February of this year was at former top
Communist' propagandist in Poland. ir. D'ialer's testimony ,deals
in part with his experiences in t ,e Polish Communis,t Party, Inc:
sets forth, some views
ors the present, changes in Poland wh,cI are
based., on those expcriences
These, views afford one
of events transpiring in Poland today.
i.r. 3i,4.ler's answers were given
Tuesday, October 30th.
interpredati In
the Subcommittee o.-l
SCOPE OF SOVIET ACTIVITY IN THE UNITED STATES
United States. jpnatjc,,,
Sibcomm4.tte}e to Investigate the i~da nist'rat-m
df the Intprne,l Security-.Act and Ot-her
Internal Security Laws, of the
Committee on, the Judiciary,
Washington, D. C.
The Subcommittee _aet,, pursuant to notice, at 12:55 p.l.,
in loom 317, Senate Office iuilding, Senator William E. Jenner
presiding.
Present: Senator Jenner
Also present: P,obert h:orris, Chief Counsel; Jay Source=ine,
Associate Counsel; William A. ??usher, Administrative Counsel, and
penja. iin Handel, Director of Research.
Senator Jenner. .:r. Ka{ski, will you be sworn?
Do you solemnly swear that you will truthfully translate
the questions and answers put to the witness, so help you God?
h:r. "arsl:i. Yes, Senator.
hr. h:.orri's. 'What is your name?
hr. ars1zi. Jan arpki, Professor, Georgetown University.
i'.r. ",'orris. You have acted; as interpreter for Iir. ;3ialer,
have you not?
:r, Kars'-i. Yes, sir; I did.
ir.' ::orris. All right.
idow, senator, will you swear in i.:r. Bialer?
Senator Jenner. Do you swear the testimony given at t ?i s
hearing ,will be the truth, the ter Lole truth, and nothing but t'_e
truth, so help you God?
hr. Bialer (through jnterpreter)., I do.
TESTI TONY Of SEA,^IE1,Y~1 EIALEI,
(TiROUGT JAN 1ZARS::I, I1"IT:D'PT?ETER. )
orris. Your name is Seweryn 3ialer.
:hr. Dialer, the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, in
'~rrnection with its activities in trying to understand the fu-! -l
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nature of Soviet activity, Soviet and Communist activity h~;r,~ !i,
the United States, is particularly interested in knowing something
of the developments that are now taking place in Poland.
Among other things, we noticed that the American Communist
Party, through its official organ, the Daily Worker, is applauding
the activities of Gomulka and other Polish Communists who are
taking what appears to be an independent course of action from the
Soviet Union.
Now, because events abroad and events here in-the United
States are-so closely interrelated, as you well know, we would
appreciate, for our official record and under oath and based on
your own long experience in the Polish Communist Party that you
have related to us, we would like your interpretation of these
events.
Hr. Dialer, I think you have made clear to us that there
are two forces at work in Poland today. One is a force generated
by the people and the workers for a liberalization, a relaxation,
of the heavy control on the part of the Soviet-controlled Polish
Communists that has existed.
That is one trend, is it not?
I:ir. Bialer, Yes, basically, although I would add to it
that this force wants not only a liberation from the Soviet Union
but is also basically anti-Communist.
iir. ilorris. And then you have also told us, have you not,
of a second force, and that is a force that operates within the
Politburo of the Polish Communist Party, which tends to bring
the Polish Communist Party more and more away from the tight central
control that has existed in the past?
Have I stated that accurately?
is not
iir. Bialer,
only within
HHIr. 11orris.
-.1r. Bialer,
;r. :orris.
iir. Bialer.
Basically yes, but I would add too that it
the Politburo but within the w.'-.tole Party,.
The International Party, you mean?
The Communist Party in Poland.
From the Politburo down?
Yes, dow?,n.
Hr. Norris. At the present time, i?ir. Bialer, which is the
predominant of those two forces"
s'
iir. Bialer. I think that the direct cause of the present
situation in Poland was the first cause, the popular movement, the
popular feeling; and because of the strength of that force the
present Party leadership could Emerge.
:ir. Morris. < nd you have testified to that effect in your
previous appearances before the Internal Security Subcommittee,
have you not?
hr. Bialer. Yes.
i?ir. !','orris. And since your last appearance you find that
the trend which you forecast at that time is becoming even more
pronounced?
ir. Bialer. Yes, e_:cept that I was not so sure that
Gomulka would come to power.
The fact that he came to power means a basic change in the
reality in Poland.
hr. !.orris. Since your last appearance, then, the chancre
that has e:rterged has been the growth of Gomulka?
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Iir,: Bialer.. Yes. the most important event which took Place
in Poland in file ja.4t mgntlj eras that t.hhle popular movement became eve }
stronerand gave opportunity to Gomula to get power within the
Communist Party.
sir, -Now, Gomulka has always been a hard-core
3talinigt CQ=gi .st, has he not?
Iir. Bialer. I don't think one could say this. I thin:
that in the years- 1945-1948, Gomull a held views which later on
were stre4gt,lLeed, and those views could not be branded as
Stalinist views.
At that tiriue, in the years 1945-1,43, there was no posw iiDili-f-~r
for his views to be implemented.
Iat,1. ally, basi.ca'_1,r` he was al:rays a Communist always he
was for dictators'~ip; but on very many issues he held views u:hic'h
could not, be branded as, 3ta;.inist.
r, iiorris. T'( )T noticed. the other day, sir. Bialer, that
there was a reported --)no conversation between i r. Khrushchev and
iIr. Gomulka on relat i r'rris betoreen the lolish Government and the
Soviet Government. J_,. r 't it an unusual development that they
should have released tj,e tort of a, phone.. conversation between
ir, Khrushchev and. irv omu, ::a?
i r. Dialer. It is a,,very extraordinary event and I.under-
stand it in this. way: Gomul':a, realizing the anti-Soviet feelings
among the Polis l.,masses, wanted the Polish masses to learn about
the tenor of t~ze c9nversutipn, '-snowing that it would strengthen
his prestige and' ,power.
:r. So.t;.rwine. Isn't it equally possible that i:ir. hrtushch.ev
would have had to assent to the making public of this telepho'te
conversation before it woul_`% be done?
iir. :3ialer. One s'..~o ild not exclude any possibility, alth.ou gh
as far as I Know this is ba8iCally against the rules, which are
thatthis ind. of.. ,r-latiQn 11etween.the Communist leaders should' not
be kn.gzrn to the general public.
row, the second proof is that, although the text of the
conversation 1:3ecar;e known in Poland, At was withheld from the
Doviet public opinion.
X. ::orris, , You have prepared for us, have you not, :t.
Bialer, a short paper, nine and a half pages of which I would
like to may.. reference, to at this point., and that is a sort o:
a sketch, a historical sketch of events leading up to the present
crisis?
I:r.. Dialer. Yes, sir.
I would like to offer for the record at tiffs
time this paper, which I now show you.*
You leave prepared this, have you not?
i1r. Dialer. Yes, sir..
ix..,I?o,rr,is. r.. Dialer, 1 know that you are uniquely
qualified tQ, testify- about evert: in Poland because of your long
experience in Poland, but, in view of the fact that you also are
a student of Cornr