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U.S. POLICY TOWARD CUBA

Document Type: 
CREST [1]
Collection: 
General CIA Records [2]
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP65B00383R000200250010-4
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
K
Document Page Count: 
6
Document Creation Date: 
December 15, 2016
Document Release Date: 
June 9, 2004
Sequence Number: 
10
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
April 22, 1963
Content Type: 
OPEN
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a~~aimng or that objective by peaceful for standing up against the divisive forces America's agonizing debate over the prob- means rather than by war. The In- of this country which did so much In the lem of Cuba, and what to do about it, is in quirer points out that war is not a legit- last 12 months to try to confuse and danger of getting bogged down in generall- imate arm of diplomac obstruct the policy of attaining peace ties at a time when the emphasis should y; It is the result and nationalism in the new nations of Pe on specific courses of action. of the failure of diplomacy . Africa. Discussion of hypothetical conditions un- I am glad to say, that despite the I am happy to say that whatever ef- der which U.S. Armed Forces might invade many war-whoopers, as Mr. Lippmann Cuba does not get to the nub of the matter. calls them, some of them among our own forts there have been from certain ra- As we see it, U.S. Policy on Cuba should Members of this body, the President of cist groups in this country to keep the have these four fundamental components: the United States is committed to the people of Africa from obtaining control I. The foremost objective should be the objective of attaining that goal through of their own countries, and getting their establishment of national independence, in- diplomacy, legitimate sanctions short Independence and freedom, appear to dividual freedom and democratic government have been defeated, for the Cuban people. of war, conferences with our allies in the 2. The primary emphasis should be on at- Organization of American States, and, No one can say how long this success taining this objective by peaceful means through diplomatic efforts on the part can continue, and I would be the last to rather than by war. (War is not a legitimate of Latin American countries as well as predict that our policy in Africa will not arm of displomacy; it is the result of the our own, toward attaining the first and suffer setbacks in the future, as they failure of diplomacy.) foremost objective, which is the estab- have in the past; but I am confident we 3. The first priority of immediate goals lishment of national independence, in- are on the right track. When we stand should be to obtain the removal of Soviet up for freedom and independence with- troops from Cuba and whatever weapons of dividual freedom, and democratic gov- out regard to race, color, or creed, we are aggression may still be there. ernment for the people of Cuba. the finest traditions our 4. The sole authority over U.S. foreign 'The third point made by the editorial standing for policy must be held at all times by respon- Is that the first priority of immediate country, and we have achieved great suc- sible officials of the U.S. Government, not by goals should be to obtain the removal of cess in following that policy in what was Cuban exiles who have been given sanctuary Soviet troops from Cuba and whatever once called the Dark Continent. In this country. Aid and advice of the exiles _ great nation cannot allow any foreign grou That surely is true. That is certainly U.S. POLICY TOWARD CUBA no matter how sympathetic we are to their one of the most important objectives of Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, I have aspirations, to call the shots in a situation this administration. The point is we where the issue of peace or war may hang mean to do it by diplomatic means, we noted during the weekend and the last in precarious balance. mean to do it by keeping our treaty ob- few days a new spate of criticism with re- To supplement this kind'of policy on Cuba ligations, not by violating them, we spect to the administration's Cuban it will be necessary to learn definitively and mean to do it by supporting the United at an early date whether or Premier Nations, we mean to do it by supporting suggestions policy. Articles the appe rs hwit had Khrushchev intends to get those Russian the Organization of American States. access to confidential intelligence infor- troops out of Cuba. This query must be put We mation indicating there has been a large ner. If Mr.iKhrushchevbchoos s touconsider childish do not y, by takingin an attitude of buildup of Russian forces in Cuba. such a question an ultimatum, then so be it. "March pa San Juan Hill"; by sending It is suggested that the number of - An affirmative response is not so unlikely American boys to die in Cuba; by start- troops there has increased substantially, as some of the pessimists think. The Soviets, ing a war which, almost without ques- rather than been reduced. It is even for all their ruthlessnes, are practical men. tion, would spread across the world; or i suggested that - the President of the They know that America, not Russia, holds imposing that kind of blockade which United States has been fooled in the in- the high cards in the Cuban controversy. would, in itself, be a violation of inter- lligence information which he is in- If the Russians insist on continuing their inter- ceiving. It is suggested that a certain there moves are a make number o f steps omila pen to the waa~fonal law, and therefore an act of U.S. Senator on the other side of the United States and other members of the Or- The fourth-point made in the editorial aisle knows more about the Intelligence ganization of American States, and perhaps Is that the sole authority over U.S. situation In Cuba than does the Presi- nthe eed not Atlantic Treaty Organization, that foreign policy must be held at all dent of the United States, the Chief of provoke war. Collective economic our CIA the intelligence sanctions-including, possibly, some kind of times by responsible officials of the U.S. agencies of the quarantine or blockade-could be-applied as Government, and not by Cuban exiles. JoinMiefs of Staff, and others. circumstances warrant. We, want to support the Cuban exiles This may well turn out to be correct Bang-bang boys who want, to solve the in their legitimate desires to return to In the long run, Mr. President. I have problem by opening fire on Cuba ought to Cuba. We hope in due course they will no secret information with respect to bear in mind that the aim is to save the be able to return and take their legiti- intelligence In Cuba. I do have a feeling country, not annihilate it. Last resorts mate place in the economy and in the that the President of the United States should not be applied until first resorts have and Mr Mr=.head of the g4, who, been fairly tried. Government of that country, which we can The on Cuba I am sure, is advising the President on is not, as a omescritics cerican ontend~lacreluctance p ices. ho We hwill be ope thatetheymmay be able the basis of the most accurate and up- to use armed force. That is a strength. to return to their native country and to-date intelligence information which is The great need is for more vigorous applica- help their country take its rightful place available to our country, are receiving a tion of economic and diplomatic weapons, among the democratic nations and peo- great deal better information than one Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, that edi- ple who believe in freedom. could get from reading Hanson Baldwin torial fromit v , my pon ofiew, states ac- in the New York Times and listening to curately and.ably what our policy in I certain Members of this body who would have us believe that Cuba should be. The policy advocated they know more by this fine Philadelphia newspaper is about what is going on in Cuba than do the exact policy of the President of the the President and his advisers. United States. It so happens that there appeared in It calls for, first, as the foremost ob- this morning's Philadelphia Inquirer a jective, the establishment of national lead editorial entitled "Charting a independence, individual freedom, and Course on Cuba." democratic government for the I ask unanimous consent that the edi- of Cuba. People tonal may appear in the RECORD at this That is our national objective, the point in my remarks. first and primary one. That is the There being no objection, the editorial policy of the President of - the United was ordered to be printed. in the RECORD, States. as follows: The second point is stated as being the 6362 Approved For Relea 12jQ ?g jIL4- 038 9,ff0250010-4 April 22 But the way to do it is to make per- fectly clear that we, too, believe in free- dom, that we, too, believe in interna- tional law, that we, too, believe in keeping our treaty commitments. Here is the sentence from the editorial which I commend'to the consideration of my colleagues in the Senate: Bang-bang boys who want to "solve" the problem by opening fire on Cuba ought to bear in mind that the aim is to save the country, not annihilate it. I support that position wholeheartedly. I am happy to note that it Is the policy of the President of the United States. I call attention to the fact that the Phila- Approved For Release 2004/06/23 : CIA-RDP65B00383R0002002500-10-4 Approved For D-I 0 IA- 03838000200250010-4 6361 1963 CONE g& those who felt we should not have sup- lation in support of the charge against Mr. So Pravda is called to the front It The quotation, in the original Eng- alms a barrage at those awful "West ~. -- Adonis . his white mercenaries in Katanga- but skeptics have their doubts. There are African continent. peace and parliamentary government increasing suggestions that the way to ham- This bizarre blast comes in, a wake of are making bstantial progress there. die Parliament Is to send it on a nice long va- one of the most remarkabl 'achievements Mr. Preside I ask unanimous con- cation again, maybe 2 yes instead of 2 in behalf of political freed In all human etat There even talk of a thhistory: In only 3 year&--fy6m e once co onialist Western Inatio 1 have sent that an a 'Cie which appeared in military mcotisp time. this morning's Ne York mss, entitled in the original article that paragraph end- furthered the independence of 23 African 11- into the Unit- s d Nadi e the byline of J. Anth y Luitas, wr11,4C11 get out of hand again." in Leopoldville, may ul~ printed in the in his response last night Mr. Adonis did At the same the Soviet Union grips RECORD at this point in y remarks. not deny he was considering using article 67 tenaciously the atlons of Eastern Europe World There being no objects the article as a means of ending this legislature's term w hic aitl~kb yid horce ~rc adto old by after the S force when was ordered to be printed i the RECORD, on June 30. War : He denied, however, that this would the people East Germany, Hungary and as follows caught to free themselves CONGO'S REGIME WING FIaaT TES ADOtrLA's amount to a dissolution of Parliament, as the Poland sac seively c opposition alleged. The Premier said Par- from Sovi rule. NEW GOVERNMENT BEATS No-C tN uament could be dissolved only by the head It re ed out to expand Its imperialist 'with power Cuba and has made such menacing b MOVE of state. President Joseph $asavu u, (By J. Anthony Lukas) the concurrence of two-thirds of at least one gesturis toward the Middle East and Africa LEoPOLDVrILE, raE CONGO, APRIL 21.- re- chamber. that "&I communism has lost much of its bur . rater Cyrllle Adoula's new "Government f National Reconciliation" has defeated th Mr. CLARK. Mr. President. the ar- . e fact that the Kremiln has been so first challenge by the die-hard opposition in tide points out that Premier Cyrille ccessful in extending its sway into the Parliament. doula's new "Government of National addle East and into Africa undoubtedly After a noisy 7-hour debate that ended onciliation" has defeated the firs J explains, In part, the full-page editorial in to the Africans to be wary Pravda appealing late last night, government supporters in ch lenge by its diehard opposition Ift the senate defeated a nonconfldence mo- the arilament. It should be poiRl!ed of any and all association with the West. This to what's been happening: 31 tion against the cabinet. The vote was out t t, in an effort to pacify thXPmler ous Ghana and Guinea have shown themselves to 20 with 4 abstentions. in their relations The margin indicates that Mr. Adoula's pelt's factions in the country. exceedingly disappointed new coalition, formed only 5 days ago, Adoula d brought Into his gov ent with the Soviets and are encouraging invest- has at least a temporary majority in Parlia- all save t most irreconcilabl ons ment of Western capital to reinforce their ment. In the Con . The question as raised cconoeml African states are showing little The new government contains a wide to a vote confidence for' is govern: interest new in embracing the proclaimed Com- been harrying the Premier for men hs. Only the extremists remain in opposition. 31 to 20. broad tendency is toward a mixed economy Dam onar mPnt s~Ontains a wide with some nubile ownership and a substan- Thi s sa, a6 av>. v.... - Observers believed last night's victory was oJOlpllttion which h cemm harrying the society. particularly significant because the no-con- Premier for month I believe It Is an Former French colonies which have now f won their independence have their eyes far based on an issue that e motion was manship O fidenc of the si n ates had aroused concern cutting across party indication more on the burgeoning European Economic lines. This was that Mr. Adoula planned to Mr. Adoula. who strO ly Supported by Community than on Russia. a the United rth Africa have been N o Arab Nations in send the legislators home for an extended the United N ODs been a e to win this giving th Reds the back of their wrist. vacation June 30 and rule by decree. Mates, that he as e Opposition speakers charged lduring the parlaments, fight. ti - Arab-soviet ties have been steadily deterlor- - --.,w.,...n,i too the suonression of er hopes for expanding its influence on the fi ably be several years away. r _ ant .,,,> e r rtEctsu woo '4-". de if -A acA whole is clearly a sound indoctrination of several thousands of r - can students who have been attending Soviet universities and colleges. - - - r... ,, a-------- the motion ct4LLl esawa........?. >.. .. -- - -to have made to his associates. his past hR5e, Congo. and not critical of Mr. Adonis's ity_ W7 quarters in the United States on n to seas consent tnaL art mw1cJ4...is - African countrie with Parliament. Mr. Roscoe Drummond, which appeared aenendence beta The article, written by the Times' oorre- the African spondent in Leopoidv}iie, was an analysis f l of loses the diplomatic Initiattiive,Iti turns l port we have given to the United Nations. -- - Times 01 Apra ,. -- The motion of no confidence quoted only with their reach for power oc a or President genneds* in their Afric part of one paragraph from the French trans- by the African nations themselves. No. 57-16 Approved For Release 2004/06/23 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200250010-4 #1963 Approved For CONGRESSIONAL3RCORD -SENATE NATE 000200250010-4 6363 delphia inquirer, its publisher and editor, my good friend, Walter Annenberg, has always supported the Republican Party in national elections. That makes this editorial -even more significant than be- fore. In this connection we should give care- ful attention to the very intelligent an- swer made by the President of the United States in the question and answer period which took place after his address to the American Society of Newspaper Edi- tors in Washington last Saturday. I ask unanimous consent that the question asked at the conclusion of his speech and the answer that he made thereto may be printed in full in the RECORD at this point in my remarks. There being no objection, the excerpt was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: RIFT WITH CUBAN EXILES Q. Mr. President, would you give us your views or whatever you have to say about Mira Cardona and his charges that you backed out on a promise for a second in- vasion and the other things in his state- ment? A. Why, I think the Department of State has already made a comment which repre- sents the views of the Government. Dr. Cardona lives in Miami which is the center, of course, of the exiles, the center of their hopes, and I think that a good many Cubans feel that the only way that they can return to Cuba is by a military action of the United States. We're conscious of our obligations to our own people, our own security, our alliances, our responsibilities, as I said, as the chief defender of freedom all over the world. We have not determined that it's in our na- tional interest or in the general interests of the hemisphere for us to launch an in- vasion. And naturally, that disappoints the exiles. But, as the State Department state- ment said, the foreign policy of the United States, when so much depends upon us, must be made by the United States. And how- ever much we may sympathize with their desire to be free, the United States cannot launch itself into a massive invasion of Cuba without considering the worldwide implica- tions to other free countries and also its effect upon our own position. Now, as to his charges, I don't think it's necessary to go through them. Quite obvi- ously nobody in the U.S. Government ever informed anyone in the Government or out- side the Government, Dr. Cardona or any- one else, that we were going to launch, or committed ourselves to launch, a military invasion of six divisions. We appreciate very much the fact that a good many Cubans have volunteered for the American Armed Forces. I think that they can be very valuable there. No one knows what the future is going to bring. But I hope that Dr. Cardona and others will realize that this is not a struggle between the United States and the exiles. It's really a struggle against the Communist infiltration in this hemisphere. - And while we may dis- agree as to what actions we should take to remove it, and while my obligations are somewhat different from Dr. Cardona's, 4 would hope. that it would be possible for us to work together in the general interest, and that is the object of this Government. We want to work with Dr. Cardona and all the other Cubans, but we must main- tain the control of our policy here in the United States and here in Washington, and will continue to do so. RELATIONS WITH CASTRO Q. I'd like to read two others here also on the question of Cuba. If Castro remains in power for another 5 years, will the United States continue in its refusal to deal with his government? And the second one is, 2 years ago tomorrow, Mr. President, you stood here and told us Fidel Castro's days were numbered. You said, "Our restraint is, not inexhaustible." You said we must not let, "the inter-American doctrine of non- interference conceal or excuse a policy of nonaction." Now, sir; Communist domina- tion of Cuba is, if anything, more complete than 2 years ago and is stiffened by Russia. Many Americans believe our policy toward Cuba is indeed one of nonaction. What can you say to persuade them that this is not so? When, if ever, is our restraint going to come to an end? A. Well, I hope our restraint or sense of responsibility will not ever come to an end. Now in the general question, since the last 2 years the United States has taken a good many actions in-to contain the spread of communism in the hemisphere. We-a good many nations in the Alliance for Progress, the Punta del Este declaration, the San Jose declaration-a number of nations have broken off diplomatic relations. Only five continue them with Cuba. The free world trade-has dropped from 800 million to 80 million. The-efforts are being made since the San Jose conference to work with other countries to control the movement of personnel in and out of Cuba. It's quite obvious now to the hemisphere and, in fact, to the world, that Castro is merely a Soviet satellite. Every survey, every study, every meeting shows a sharp deterioration in the image that he once had as a great nationalist leader. And now he's generally regarded in the hemisphere as having sold out to the Communist move- ment and having now become a spearhead for the Soviet advance. CONSTANT SURVEILLANCE In addition, the United States maintains a constant surveillance. We've indicated that we would not permit any troops from Cuba to move off the island of Cuba in any offensive action against any neighboring country. We've indicated, also, that we would not accept a Hungary in Cuba-the use of Soviet troops against Cubans if there was any internal reaction against Castro. In many ways, we have attempted to isolate Cuba and to indicate our determination to continue that policy until Cuba is free. Now after we've done all those steps, the- there are two alternatives-there are two additional policies which could be carried out. I think that when those talk about-talk about Cuba, we ought to say what we want to do. We shouldn't say, Well, let's do some- thing, or How long is our restraint going to last? I would think the two remaining poli- cies are, one, a blockade, which of course brings us once again to a confrontation with the Soviet Union, and the other is invasion of Cuba. In my judgment, it would be a mistake to carry out either one of those policies today. I don't know what conditions are going to bring in the future. No one predicted with certainty what was going to happen last fall. I don't know what's going to happen any place in the world. But-therefore, I think that we should maintain our strength and our determination, but I don't think that the conditions would serve the interest of the United States or of our allies to carry out either an invasion or blockade under these present conditions. The United States 'is responsible for the independence of dozens of countries stretch- ing from South. Korea to Berlin. It is re- sponsible for the defense, really, of Western Europe. It is responsible for the major struggle against the Communists in our own hemisphere. For 6 percent of the world's population we carry tremendous burdens. I do,jiot think we can indulge ourselves at this point, if that Is the proper word, in con- centrating all of our material strength in one section of the world and be indifferent to its consequences elsewhere. Now I don't know-I don't accept the views Mr. Castro is going to be in power for 5 years. I can't indicate the role by which there will be a change. But I've seen enough -as we all have-enough change in the last 15 years to make me feel that time is on the -that time will see Cuba free again, and I think when that happens the record will show that the United States has played a sig- nificant role. But for the present, and for a great power which carries worldwide responsibility, I think our present policy is the right one. If the American people decide differently, then, of course, they have an obvious remedy. But for now we intend to follow this policy. Mr. CLARK. Mr. President, the an- swer, in short, given in colloquial terms, but with the clarity for which our President is famous, indicates his strong support of the present policy in Cuba. I call particular attention to the fact that he says in his statement, after re- viewing the strong steps we have taken to discourage Mr. Castro: After we've done all those steps ? o there are two additionpl policies which could be carried out. Then he points out that one is a blockade, which, of course, once again brings us into confrontation all over the world with the Soviet Union, and the other is an invasion of Cuba. The President turns his back on both of these courses. He takes what I be- lieve, I say again, to be a mature and sensible and common sense approach to the very difficult problem confronting us 90 miles from our shore. I commend him for his maturity. I commend him for the soundness of his policy. TEXAN STRESSES NEED FOR S. 1200 WHICH WOULD GIVE VALIDITY TO THE WORDS "FHA INSURED" Mr. GRUENING. Mr. President, on March 28 I introduced a bill designed to give validity to the term "FHA insured" as a protection for home buyers. Twelve Members of the Senate have joined as cosponsors. The national response to this legis- lation is heartening, and I will from time to time bring to the attention of my colleagues comments which are particu- larly pertinent. Therefore, I ask unanimous consent that the text of a letter I have received from Texarkana, Tex., be printed in the RECORD at the close of my remarks. There being no objection, the letter was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: TEXARB:ANA, TEx., April 1, 1963. Senator ERNEST GRUENING, Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. DEAR SIR: It is my understanding that you plan to submit a bill that will require the Approved For Release 2004/06/23 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200250010-4 1~~e~ 2 g/L~+RDFP6 STATE 2 ~,c~-R~ ~QQ383R00020025001 0 6364 Approved ForC;c7lTt.PESgAA,il 22, 1 ?'A Federal Housing Administration to correct major defects that appear after construction of an FHA house. We need such legislation badly In this country, as the public 1s being cheated right and left on FHA housing. FHA has had the responsibility, by Im- plication if not by law, to protect the public in the past but has not lived up to this responsibility. How many times have you seen the adver- tisement "Built Under FHA Inspection," or "Conforming to FHA Specifications"? The average citizen, who is not expert in construction, believes that FHA sees that their insured loans houses are properly built and this certainly is not the case. I know of several persons who contacted FHA about defective construction and were told that this was a matter between builder and buyer, In spite of the fact that they had made several inspections while the house was being built. Another example of FHA's laxity is in the evaluation of houses. Old John Q. Citizen doesn't know the value of a house and is generally content to pay what FHA says a place is worth. I will bet you that more often than not, the FHA evaluation is higher than the actual market value of the house. I am sure that- all FHA people are honest, but if they are not, this would be a real fine opportunity for en unscrupulous builder and FHA employee to rook the public. Maybe they do, who knows? I surely hope you get some help from Congress on this. Very truly yours, AUTHORITY FOR THE VICE PRESI- DENT TO SIGN THE ENROLLED BILL H.R. 4715 Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that notwithatand- Ing the adjournment of the Senate to- day the Secretary be authorized to re- ceive messages from the House and that the Vice President be authorized to sign the enrolled bill (H.R. 4715) to incor- porate the Eleanor Roosevelt Memorial Foundation, duly passed by the two Houses and found truly enrolled. ' The PRESIDING OFFICER. With- out objection, it is so ordered. ADJOURNMENT Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I move that the Senate adjourn until tomorrow at 12 o'clock noon. The motion was agreed to; and (at 3 o'clock and 46 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until tomorrow, Tuesday, April 23, 1963, at 12 o'clock meridian. l3SNf00 3AIlYlSID31 X94 HV 05 :6 OZ vig Approved For Release 2004/06/23 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200250010-4 Appr ed FerFaftase-?0796/ UNCLASSIFIED Appro $ CONFIDENTIAL SECRET CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP TO NAME AND ADDRESS DATE INITIALS I DDCI 7D6011 2 DCI 7D5607 3 4 5 6 ACTION DIRECT REPLY PREPARE REPLY APPROVAL DISPATCH RECOMMENDATION COMMENT FILE RETURN CONCURRENCE INFORMATION SIGNATURE Remarks: Attached is an excerpt from the Congressional Record of 22 April containing remarks by Senator Clark on the subject of Russian forces in Cuba and containing specific references to the Director, the Agency and intelligence information. John S. Warner Legislative Counsel FOLD HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER FROM: NAME, ADDRESS AND PHONE NO. DATE UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET Use previous editions FORM NO. 237 9-61 I (40) U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1961 0-587282 Approved FwNRMeame,~2004M6tn*CtXRDP659NM_RQW 250010-4 ? UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP IJ tive C n e 0 _ 656003 23 A 63 Appr 's l 0-4 UNCLASSIFIED CONFID SECRET ? FORM N0. (/~ Use previous editions (40) 2-61 237 1 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1961 0-587282 TO NAME AND ADDRESS DATE INITIALS I DDCI 7D6011 O.~r 2 DCI 7D5607 3 4 5 6 ACTION DIRECT REPLY PREPARE REPLY APPROVAL DISPATCH RECOMMENDATION COMMENT FILE RETURN CONCURRENCE INFORMATION SIGNATURE Remarks: Attached is an excerpt from the Congressional Record of 22 April containing remarks by Senator Clark on the subject of Russian forces in Cuba and containing specific references to the Director, the Agency and intelligence information. ohn S. Warner L gislative Counsel FOLD HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER FROM: NAME, ADDRESS AND PHONE NO. DATE

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