BUDGET ANALYSIS ON OVERT INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04718A001500070011-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 6, 2001
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: January 10, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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10 January 1955
BUDGET ANALYSIS ON
OVERT INTELLIGENCE CO L CTION
1. Interagency arrangements, supplemental to the NSC
Intelligence Directives, which will be used to produce an effective
and coordinated overt intelligence 6ollection program in 1956:
a. Publications Procix'ement. NSCID 16 established an
Advisory Committee on Foreign Language Publications. Its subcommittees
on. Procurement., Exploitation, and I eference are engaged in systematically
developing coordinated approaches among the IAC agencies to the major
problems in the handling of foreign language materials. Establishment
of the Procurement Subcommittee has enabled the full-time and part-
time Publications Procurement Officers and other designated officers
at major Foreign Service posts to receive coordinated advice and
instructions covering the needs of most Washington agencies.
b. Map Procurement. The 11ap Procurement Program is concerned
with obtaining foreign maps and related materials for the intelligence
community. Requirements for this Procurement Program are coordinated
through the activities of the Inter-Agency Nap Coordinating Committee
on which the various organizations are represented. A second and
very important part of the Geographic Attache program is the reporting
undertaken by these officers. In accordance with the comprehensive
reporting guide contained in 'General Instructions for Geographic
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(1) Fostered U.S. participation in the
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Attaches"$ the basic reports include: (a) the monthly report of
activities; (b) reports of mapping and geographic research organiza-
tions; (c) reports on key personnel of foreign organizations in the
field of mapping and geography, and (d) country reports which provide
up-to-+dato and complete assessment of the mapping activities and
programs of each country visited,
c, Economic Intelligence, In 1952 an Economic Intelligence
Committee was established under the IAC to assist in implementing NSCID
15, Responsibility for reviewing and making recommendations concerning
community-wide coordination of requirements for collection in support
of economic intelligence research was assigned to an EIC Subcommittee
on Requirements and Facilities for Collation - which represented the
first continuing body in which interagency collection representatives
had come together since dissolution of the CIG Committee on Collection
1947. Among the principal accomplishments of this subcommittee arc:
program which is now a joint Program for improving the collection of
intelligence
(2) The consolidation of intelligence requirements to
be incorporated in the Comprehensive Economic Reporting Program (CERP),
which continuously revises current economic-reporting instructions to
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all Foreign Service posts outside the Soviet Bloc.
(3) A program of continuing intelligence-community
guidance to all reporting posts behind the Iron Curtains including
coordinated preparation of individual "Guides to Economic Reporting
Officers" for each major post.
(!t) Interagency agreements for more effective utiliza-
tion of a wide variety of publications materials*
d. Coordination of Field Reporting. Through continuous
liaison between the State Department and the various IAC agencies
(either directly or through the EIC) increased community-wide
coordination is encouraged, both in Washington and in the field.
Chapter 900 of the Foreign Service Manual deals with coordination in
the field, and the Department on March 22, 1954 sent a special
instruction (CA5190) to all Chiefs of Mission reiterating the
coordinating role of mission chiefs under NSCID 2 and urging maximum
use of all available personnel, including service attaches. At the
same time, the Army, Navy and Air Force dispatched similar messages
to all attaches, urging maximum cooperation with mission chiefs in
developing coordinated collection programs.,
01 Exchange of Field Reports in Washington., As outlined
in paragraph 7 of NSCID 2, there is now virtually complete exchange
of field reports in Washington. Uniform subject coding of CIA, Army,
and Air Force field reports prior to dissemination greatly simplifies
use of those reports,.
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 information. Guidance in this sole ction is provided by the continuing
requirements statements of the research elements of CIA and the other
IAC agencies) supplemented by continuous liaison to discuss specific
needs and individual sources,,
To assure that this service is of maximum value to
consumers, conferences arc being sdhcdulod at the working level in
all of the member agencies. In addition, four specific interagency
arrangements arc: either completed or well on the way to completion:
(1)
to guide and actually engage in the collec-
tion of technical information. The assignment of a fourth officer,
trained in air electronics, is expected shortly.
(2) A similar arrangement has been worked out through
G-2 for the assignment of two Signal Corps Intelligence officers to
in an effort to increase the quantity and
quality of tolocommunications-intelligence collection.. One of these
officers is already being processed.
(3) Arrangements have been completed with the Director
of Intelligence of the Air Force and with the Air Research and
Development Command to facilitate the exploitation of civilian
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Three specialized ATIC afficcrs have been placed
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employees at the various AR.T)C centers for intelligence information
not otherwise available to the member agencies.
(!) Tentative arrangements have been concluded with
G-2 for a similar program to be established in the near future with
the seven Army Technical Services.
A fifth specific effort to produce more effective
and coordinated intelligence collection consisted of a program to
analyze critically all requirements which have been received by
Contact Division from the producing elements of CIA and the other IAC
agencies, and to codify in readily usable form all basic requirements
currently outstanding.;, Uniform indexes, each comprising some 10,000
requirements cards, have been placed in all
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CIA office:, G-2 State and ATIC.
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for the purpose of ready coordination and the
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personnel are constantly in touch by telephone with
all area and functional desks of the IAC users of thtr product. Some
improvement in requirements for propaganda analysis is expected from
offices engaged in psychological activities, when these offices have
completed their organization and build-up.
h. Every government agency in Washington maintains one or
more liaison cleared officials whose function is to serve as the
focal point for the transaction of intelligence matters; including,
the receipt and delivery of intelligence materials, the coordination of
requirements, and the servicing of collection directives.
2. An evaluation of the sufficiency of the several agencies'
requests in the light of that program;
The several agencies' requests are generally adequate to
support minimum essential requirements. However, extent for the relief
which approval would provide of certain over-ceiling budget terms
requested by the State Department, a few acute shortages would continue
to handicap the intelligence community. The most serious to the 25X1 C
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Procurement Officer in London. Since that position was abolished,
Department. Publications Procurement Officers are also urgently needed
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on a full-time basis it Cairo and Tokyo and on a part-time basis in
Rangoon and Djokjakarta. A geographic attache is urgently required
in Stockholm, a peripheral reporting officer in Athens and in Rome,
an additional peripheral officer in Frankfurt to cover the satellite
countries, and more Chinese language officers in Southeast Asia to
report on the local Chinese communities and secure information from
Communist China; several of these inadequacies would be corrected by
the State Department's 1956 over-ceiling budget request.
There is also urgent need for more adequate agricultural
reporting on the Soviet Bloc._ The Department of Agriculture now has
primary responsibility for agricultural reporting; and representatives
of its Office of Foreign Agricultural Services have agreed (informally)
as to the importance of re-establishing agricultural attaches in Hong
Kong, Warsaw, and Bucharest. So far, however, they have felt unable
to provide the budgeted funds to support such appointments.
At current staffing levels, Foreign Service reporting,
suffers from inability of officers, under pressure of other high
priority duties, to travel sufficiently outside post cities, provide
basic of biographic information, and prepare analytical reports in
the volume required by the intelligence community.
Travel restrictions in the countries of the Soviet Orbit
continue to be a major obstacle to effective collection by Military
Attaches. Although these restrictions have been eased, officially
in some countries, there has been a simultaneous increase in surveillance
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and administrative harassment which severely hamr'ers attache collection
activities.
There has been an over-all reduction in Military Attache
complements, although adjustments of personnel to augment staffs at
critical posts have resulted in some net improvement in coverage at
these posts. Substantial improvement in military intelligence collection
under the present personnel, equipment and operations expense limitations
apart from restrictions or assistance by foreign governments, will
depend upon improved guidance and the development of new collection
techniques.
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3. The areas of activity which may require altered emphasis
and/or modified coordination in the near future*
a. Economic Reporting. There is still insufficient
Washington coordination of economic intelligence requirements) and
of the collection action instituted to service such requirements.
As one specific step the ETC has agreed on the identification of
highest-priority gaps in collection needed to support research in
such fields as Soviet armament, electronics, and transportation.
Approved lists of the collection data required have been transmitted
to the EIC Subcommittee on Requirements and Facilities for Collation
to explore the possibilities of coordinated planning of implementing
collection efforts.
b. Publications Procurement. Full coordination of
publications procurement in the field is desirable and necessary in
order to prevent duplication of procurement in response to general
requirements. Specific requirements are coordinated in Washington
by the Procurement Sub-Committee established under NSCID-16.
c. Better Utilization of all Governmental Overseas
Personnel for Reporting Information. One of the objectives of
intelligence coordination is the development of systematic methods for
tapping US personnel overseas who are not primarily reporting officers.
Many of these officials are well informed on certain geographic areas
and enjoy close contacts with segments of foreign societies which
are often not accessible to regular reporting officers. At present,
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the potential of most of these officers for valuable information is
not being exploited. Though USIA has accepted the principle that
Public Affairs Officers should report information which they receive
incidental to their primary duties procedures for extending this
principle to other staff workers in the field have not been fully
worked out. Representatives of the Economic Intelligence Subcommittee
on Requirements and Facilities for Collation are negotiating with
FOA to develop methods for tapping the resources of FOA's overseas
employees.
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