INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04864A000300050036-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 20, 2002
• Sequence Number: 36
• Publication Date: June 10, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO,
. COUNTRY
COMMUNIST CHINA
SUBJECT INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
AND 704. OF THE U.S. CODE. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REYE?
CATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
!
^'PROHIBITED BY LAW, THE R PRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBIT ^
SOURCE Monitored Broadcasts
STATINTL
DATE OF May 11-17, 1953
INFORMATION
DATE DIST. /O:Ij/j 1953
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
CPW Report No. 74 -- COIUNIST CHINA.
(may 11 - 17, 1953)
AIR
CLASSIFICATION FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
FBI
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UNCLASSIFIED u
1. (la) SOVIET ECONOMIC 'PENETRATION : Peking in numeral code {May 16) described.
the Tihua Institute,of Mining, established by the Sino-Soviet Petroleum. Company
and the Sino-Suet Nonferrous and Rare tats -Company, where 199 students are
"studying Russian and natural science." Next year the students are to study, under
Russian specialists and use Russian textbooks,
Mukden (May 14) underscored that the development of Anshan, China's leading steel
city, is taking place "with the unselfish aid of the USSR." Anshan, first developed
under the Japanese, was "plundered by the Kuomintang," and began its present era
in 1950 when Soviet experts arrived to direct its rebuilding "at the requests of
the Chinese People's Government.
2. (ic) SOVIET SUPERIORITY: Peking in numeral code (May 12) quoted speakers at
the Second China Judiciary Conference as saying that serious faults still existed in
the Judiciary, and as recommending "constant study and popularization of progressive
Soviet judicial experience."
Peking claimed in numeral code (May 13) that Soviet dril$ing methods cut costs by
2 billion yuan in less than four months in the Chingkangshan, Kiangsi, area. New
China News Agency reported Kang Yang's visit to the Donbas mines, in the Soviet
JJkreine, to learn about Russian mining methods. Peking stated in numeral code
(May 17) that the Soviet "lead immersion" method had greatly improved the production
of motor lathe parts at machine tool plant no. 2 in Tsinan
Mukden (May 13) cited a TUNG PEI JIH PAO article on the promotion of Soviet lathe
operation methods at the Sino-Soviet dockyards in Dairen and at tool shop no. 18 in
Mukden. Sian (May 13) reported great improvement in the Northwest Agricultural
Institute after Soviet textbooks became basic texts in 16 courses and were adopted
for 98 other courses. Chungking said (May 14),that the Southwest Highway Department
gave an exhibition to promote' Soviet road constz?uetion: methods a
3. (2a) WAR BURDENS: Tsitsihars aid(May 15) that 500 local students and workers
held a meeting to expx:+:ss support for Chou's statement on a truce in Korea.
Shanghai reported (May 17) that rubber factory workers had fulfilled orders for
raincoats for the Chinese People's Volunteers ahead of schedule. Local workers
adopted pledges to increase production in support of the Resist America Aid Korea
drive, and "expressed their solicitude" for the repatriated sick war prisoners.
4. (2c) ECONOMIC PROBLEMS: Peking asserted (May ii) that the British press
opposed the U.S. embargo against China. Shanghai claimed (May 1) that the local
Wanli Electrical works had succeeded in producing transformers which formerly
had to be imported.
According to Peking in numeral code (May 17), State trading companies in Tibet
bad "greatly aided the local economy" by buying 60 billion yian's worth of "slow-
moving wool." They also were lending money to private traders, and were attempting
to revive trade which had been "killed off by imperialist exploiters."
Tsinan reported (May 11) that Shantung had released several billion yuan for
disaster victims in various areas, while Peking stated (May 17) that North China
was shipping food into Kiangsu, Anhwei, and Honan famine areas. Shanghai (May 16)
told of a Government directive ordering cadres to "make food production their
prime task," as crop failures had made the problem. urgent. The wheat to cotton
rains
f food
d
ti
g
.
on o
uc
reage ratio had been adjusted so as to encourage the pro
t: ofei reported (May 14) that there was danger of drought in Hueichou, Tunchi, and
Taiping hsien, Anhwei, with a threat of locusts in the Chuhsien district. Nanking
announced (May 15) the establishment of Locust Control Stations employing 3,500
workers in Kaoyu, Shuchow, Huaiyin, and Pinhai hsien, Kiangsu. Tihua said (May 15)
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that the Communist Party, together with the sedurity.. forces, schools, and cadres,
was leading peasants in an effort to combat; the Sinkiang locust plague.
5, (3a) STRENGTHENING PARTY CONTROL:. Peking reported in numeral code (May 14)
that the. Seventh Tr'ade.,Union Congress stressed the need for labor discipline and
orderly organization, pointing out that China's trade unions must educate the
working masses in a planned fashion to make them understand "'proletarian inter-
nationalism and their part in the world-wide workers' movements,"
Peking said in numeral code (May 1.1) that 40,000 Mungking workers attended 124
spare-time political training schools organized by the Communist Party in order to
"greatly increase their understanding of Communism.! Antung reported (May 12) that
the Liaotung Educational Workers' Union agreed-to "improve" the workers by intensify-
ing the study of Marxism-Leninism.
Peking (May 14) broadcast a`JEN MIN JIH PAO editorial on judicial reform and national
construction, pointing out that recent judicial reforms were in accord with Marxist-
Leninist concepts. Stalin was quoted to the effect that "during construction.,
organs for contri, such as the army; and others, are just, as necessary as during
wartime," and Lenin had said that courts not only must suppress counterrevolutionaries,
but also must 'fassure labor discipline." The editorial added that "overemphasis in
letting the people judge cases must be avoided," as this practice disregards the
"dignity of the Law,and'the vested authority of the-Judiciary." It is wrong to
consider all trial procedure and technical legal work as "old.legal concepts and
practices," since such orientation would promote lawlessness end confusion. Judicial
administration should be separated from the courts proper,. inasmuch as "we, cannot
ask the courts to try''a large number of cases and take care of cumbersome judicial
administrative work' at the same time."
6. (3a) BASIC CONSTRUCTION Peking reported in numeral, code (Ma 13) that
409700 Northeast workers were being trained as apprentices, and 44,400 for basic
construction kPekidr an p}nced in numeral code (May 16) that hydroelectric
power plants. were planne or the Mapien and Tat rivers in the Southwest.
Tsinan (May 12) reported that the Shantung Construction Workers Conference had
demanded increased training of workers for construa.tion.. Sbanghai stated (.May 15 )
that the local Tail;i.,Tool Factory was making. heavy. machinery, to replace' to the
equipment, and had contracted to produce 126-foot lathes. Chungking asserted
(May 17) that Eweichow cement, factory workers now realised the Importance of national
construction.
7. (3a) BUREAUCRATIC WEA ESSES> Peking in numeral code (May 14) quoted Hsu
Chih-chu as saying that "overzealous cadres" had improperly raised qualifications
for trade union membership, requiring candidates to "write biographical sketches,
take oaths" , and participate in initiation ceremonies." Cadres were ordered to
work with the masses and not assume an "authoritarian attitude."
Peking asserted in numeral code (May 13) that "after correction of cadre
deviations, "' irrigation work. had made good progress in Hopei e A.ntung (May 13)
quoted a letter; in the TkCHHUNG JIH PAO charging Chin lsien Insurance Company
workers with dictatorially forcing peasants to hold meetings. Tsinan said
(May 11) that Laiyang Esien, Shantung, .. cadres had "corrected their bureaucratic
attitude and violations of discipline.."
8. (3b) INDICATIONS OF RESISTANCE: Peking stated in numeral code (May 12) that
>,500 East China workers and farmers had replaced."bad.elements" in. the local
Judiciary, making ponsi ble the disnoe4 t-, nr of --,mi i pted cases, The Second
Jn,dieiary Conference learned that during the past three years the Judiciary 'gad
been "pressed by an unending series of mass nmvemments which swamped the courts
and made the dockets unwieldy with cases," while "bad elements in the courts"
had hampered justice.
UNCLASSIFIED
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Antung reported (May 12) that the Party Committee had ordered cadre Kung Hsiang-lin
to change his attitude. Peking stated in numeral code (May 11) that Northeast
university students had been relieved of administrative matters and the holding of
concurrent jobs, as they were spending all their time attending meetings rather than
studying. Meetings henceforth would be limited in number and are not to last more
than two hours.
Peking announced (May 16) that the Communist Party in Southern China had held
meetings with boatmen to discuss fisheries and coastal defense.
9. (3e) AGRICULTURAL REMOLDING. Peking announced (May 17) that the Fukien Overseas
Affairs Commission had set up a collective farm for resettlement of returning
Overseas Chinese. A State mechanized farm had been organized in Inner Mongolia.
Tsinan resported (May 15) that rural cadres in 13 chu of 3ushan Hsien, Shantung,
were forced to attend meetings daily, with consequent neglect of farm production.
An average of 40 directives were received each month from 23 higher offices.
Chungking reported (May 11) that the Agricultural Institute of Tibet and the
People's Liberation Army there recently graduated a class of agricultural cadres to
operate Tibetan experimental farms.
10. (4) BORDER MINORITIES. Peking stated in numeral code (May 15) that People's
Liberation Army comfort teams, sent to hold meetings wi'.ti Tibetan: in Pengtso and
Lintsung, were furnished guides by the Panchen Lama.. Chungklxig reported (May 16)
that the Lipo Hsien, Kweichow, local Government had set up a center to teach Yao
peasants to use wooden farm tools,, Peking said in numeral code (May 11) that
Tihua's mayor held a public "reception day" in April, during which 109 persons of
various nationalities submitted complaints about bureaucracy in offices and the
lawlessness of cadres.
Peking reported in numeral code (May 16) that the Islamic Conference in Peking
promised to instruct the Moslem masses to "better understand the brilliant acaieve
ments of our Motherland" under Mao Tse-tung and the Communist Party, and the
"generous aid from the USSR during the past three years."
11. (4) AMERICAN IMPERIALISM; Peking announced (May 11) that the U.S,. Mutual
Security Administration had granted 60 million dollars in special aid to France
for the Indochina military campaign, and added (May 16) that Eiserhoweras appoint-
ment of Radford and Ridgway was a "friendly gesture" toward the MacArthur-Van Fleet
"warlike elements."
Peking said in numeral code (May 17) that the Burma Peace Committee had requested
the Premier of Thailand to liberate Thai peace partisans who were arrested last
year, noting that Thai-Burmese cooperation was necessary in order to meet the
threat from "American-directed Chiang Kai-shek bandits."
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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY Ut -,73NIST CHINA.
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
DATE OF
INFORMATION May 1l-17, 19:53
DATE DIST. I ' -T,)
VPL".,c,-;t vG:1 NO. OF PAGES
Il1.L~~ 1~
OF THE UNITED STATES. WITHIN THE MEAN INO OF TITLE IN. SECTIONS 709
AND 794, OF THE U.S. CODE. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION.OR REVE?
LATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
SOURCE Monitored Broadcasts
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
CPW Report No. 74-A -- C IST CHINA
(May 11 - 1'/ 9 1953)
CONFIDENTIAL SECURITY INFORMATION
STATE NAVY
ARMI AtR
_ _ _ . _-__.
INDICATI0W OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VVLNERABILITIES
DISTRIBUTION
1 !'!
0
ILLEGIB
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C CKFIDENTIAL
SECURITY INFCRMATION
2 -
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25X1A
Description of a school conducted by so-called Sino-Soviet companies in Sinkiang
indicates that the institution may soon become an all-Russian show, even to
the extent of using Russian textbooks. A report on Anshan's steel industry
omits the use of the term "Ankang," Although admitting Russian direction, the
report specifically notes that the Russians came "at the request" of China.
The deterioration of Anshan, following its development by the Japanese, is
blamed on the Kuomintang, in complete disregard of the confiscation of Northeast
industrial equipment by the Soviets in 1945,
With famine and disaster widespread., food production becomes the cadres' prime
task. Cotton acreage is cut, and factories making textile equipment change over
to heavy machine production to build up the country's military potential.
This development suggests that the USSR might supply textiles primarily rather
than food or heavy machinery, and this possibility is further indicated in
comment on Tibet. Stagnation of Tibetan trade is blamed on "imperialist
exploiters," but it is admitted that disposition of "slow-moving wool" offers
a problem.
Discussion of the Judiciary stresses the need for further Sovietization of the
system. The proposed separation between technical and administrative services
is apparently intended to bring judicial administration under direct Party control.
Lenin and Stalin are cited to prove that recent judicial changes are in accord
with Communist doctrine. However, it appears that the Communist-fostered "public
trials," and the disregard for established legal concepts and procedures have
created an unfavorable situation. The result is a cautious back-tracking, but
it is carefully explained that the existence of "bad elements" and the "unending
series of mass movements" in the courts have made the changes essential. New
evidence of dissatisfaction is seen among university students, who have now been
relieved of extracurricular Party duties and perpetual meetings. Curtailment
of student meetings, paralleling recent restrictions on teachers' meetings,
suggests that such meetings have failed to achieve the desired results.
Concern over the stability of border areas is indicated by Party activities to
organize South China boatmen and bya conference in Peking to secure the cooperation
of Moslem minorities. Special efforts are made to convince Moslems of the
Soviet Union's benevolent attitude. The impression of concern over the
situation in border areas is strengthened by reports that Tihua's Mayor received
109 complaints about bureaucracy and "cadre lawlessness" in one day, and that
the People's Liberation Army continues to send "comfort missions" to remote
Tibetan areas.
SECURITY INFORMATION
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