(SANITIZED) THE BUDAPEST INSTITUTE FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A033800210001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 24, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: April 8, 1957
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
I
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Zspiona`e Laws, Title
18, U.S.O. Mos. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthoriesd person is prohibited by, law.
COUNTRY Hungary
E&
AC
The Budapest Institute for
Telecommunications Research
DATE DISTR.
NO. PAGES
REQUIREMENT
NO.
SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF-CON
00" *11 8 1 9 ' . 25X1
PROCESSING CapV
ENT IS TENTATIVE.
report describing the work
the report are five organizational charts and two sketches of
Hungarian and Soviet radar features.
Kutato Intutzet - TKI ) Attached to
of the u est Institute for Telecommuni-catiogs Research (Tavkdzlesi
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(Notes Washington distribution indicated by "X" 1 field distribution by "#'".)
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s
HUNGARY
Sc IENTI 'ICAMILI't'ARY AIR/ECONOMIC
The BUDAPEST Institute for Telecommunications
Reaearch (T,K.I.
1. '.Phis Institute (Tsvk'bzlesi Kutatb Intbzet or T.K.I.)
was located (at least until November 1956) at SUDAPE T II,
Gabor Arun u+ca 65-67. It :lss founded in Tate 1950
spccificully to centralize and speed up the developr-ent of
technical equipment needed for the air defence of Hungary
(radar, predictors and proximity fuses). Some work of this
kind had been conducted since 1949 under the guidance of the
Im,:.>titute for War Technology (Hadi Technikai Intbzet or H.T.I.)
at BUD.~F S'.L II, 'rzsebet F asor, in various factories and
research institutes, and advanced sufficiently to lead to the
production of the first Hunk urian anti-aircraft radar in
August 1950.
so kuj
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4.
Ministerial Subordination
T.K.I. was originally under the control of the Ministry
of Medium Engincering. Later (date not established) T.K.I.
was tr nsferred to the control of the Ministry of Metallurgy,
and its affairs were looked after by that Ministry's Principal
Department for Telecommunications under Richard KOLOS.
5. Organisation of Technical Development Programme
The relationship between Ministries, research and
development institutes, and production facilities is shown
fairly clearly in Figure I. Complete knowledge of fact.+riea
involved is not claimed. It will be noted that the F.M.V.
(Precisi.n Mechanics Factory) was established in 1951 at
BUDAP ST XIV, F her ut, specifically for the manufacture of
radar apparatus. After 1951 Telefonggar RT, Standard Electrical
and Llektronikus Mer'bmliszerek Gyara dropped out of the programme.
Tolefonggar RT produced railway signals equipment, safety
devices and military equipment of which no details are available.
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.04"
Standard :.loctricn1 proc
,uc~e;c1 telephone equipment, multi-
channel transmitters and receivers, and multichannel
television transmitters. Elektronikus Mer'bmWszerek
produced mesauring instruments for pulse and micr,wave
techniques, and tube measuring instruments.
E? .K.I. - O aniaation of Tza_ ks
Fiaure;s II -- ~; nive a general view of the changing
pattern o' development teaks and the responsible technicians
botwe,en 1951 and 1956,
7. Techni: al cdol1aboratiol wjth the U.S.
S.R.
(a) In 1950 two Soviet military engineers visited. Iu.T.I*
to examine tho first anti-aircraft radar of Hungarian design
and manufacture. From 1051 err.4ardo Soviet engineers and
advisers ylere
P0rMcncntly attached to T.IL.I. and r.N.V
(b) In 1951 or 1952 (year uncertain) Sovi..t aadvicers made
available the plans of a short range radar and two anti-aircraft
rsdarc, for production at i'.MUM;V, In 19,56 a prototype and full
plans of a farther developed and miniaturized Soviet .anti-.
aircraft radar was delivered to r.M.V. for study.
(c) i;lectrical components (chiefly resistors and potentto-
metero) wwwore: a1tio manufactured to Soviet dosipn.
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8. Technical Collnboration with the ",iestern Satellite states
The; only known instances were provided by two visits
of a Czechoslovak delegation to the T.K.I. in 1!'54 and 1955.
The only known result was a proposal to manufacture the
antenna assembly of the anti-aircraft radar as an entirely
separate unit, to be erected at a distance from the set.
9. Notes on Particular ?ro7rammoe
(a) Anti-aircraft (Artillery) Radars
(i) Hungarian Mark Ti
The first ::anti-aircraft radar of Hungarian
design and manufacture (Mark Tl) ;vas completed
as a prototype, mainly by Gamma in August 1950
Apart
from certain
technical literature no
-proper documentation was available.
The project was taken over by T.K.I. on its
establishment, and by 1952 nine units had been
completed by F.M.V. and were issued to the
Hungarian army for training. The equipment
had a wra volongth of 10 cm and a range of 30
kilometres. Tracing accuracy was about ? 2.5
degrees.
(ii) Hungarian Murk T2
By the spring of 1952 an improved anti-aircraft
radar had been produced by T.K.I. with the design-
ation T2. The prototype was passed to F.I.V.
for manufacture, but only one unit was made up.
Thi~> was passed to H.T.I. for training in con-
junction with the ~i. T.I. predictor, and was later
.../used
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9. (a) (ii) Co nt'd
used by the Hungarian army for a time. Further
work was stopped by the arrival of documentation
for the production of a Soviet model. Character-
istics of the T2, which was similar in design to
the 6CR 584, were as follows:-
`.1avelengta: 10 cm
Pulse rate: 1200 ppo
Pulse width: 1 )J.- sec.
Presentation (i.e. calibration - see Figure VI):
(a)
Slant range: fine 2 km
coarse 40 km
(tracing manual)
(b) Azimuth: fine 300 degrees (6000 degree
division of
coarse 6000 degrees
(c) Elevation: fine 300 degrees
circle)
coarse from -150 to about 1450
degrees.
AnF,Tular tracing: automatic
Angular tracing accuracy: ?1.5 degrees
Antenna: similar to that of type SCR 584
Transmitter peak 1r-Ayer: " it it it H
Extensive use was made in the design of this radar
of technical handbooks from the Massachusetts
inotitute of Technology, which had just become
available.
(iii) Soviet Model I
Full documentation for the production in Hungary
of a Soviet anti-aircraft radar was received in
1912.
tECIET COyT9UIL?~
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Cont'd
This radar was designed to
work as part of a chain with Soviet short-range
radar and other artillery radar.
(iv) Soviet Ijodel II
T.K.I. produ.ced a prototype and full production
plans of this unit early in 1956. These were
passed to P.M.V. for study and production. This
radar galas of similar design to the early Soviet
model except that the slant range tracing was::
automatic, and the unit had been miniaturized
having a weight of about 7 tons, or about half
the weight of the earlier model. Power was
supplied by a diesel generator producing AC at
50 or 500 cycles/sea.
(b) Short-range Radar,-,
(i)
Hungarian Model
Plans for a short-range radar of exclusively
Hungarian design with provision for M..T.I.
operation were completed by T.K.I. in late
1955 or early 1956 but were not preceoded
with on Soviet instructions; the Soviet
"advisers" stated that the equipment was un-
suitable for incorporation in the soviet radar
c1hain, The principal characteristics of this
design vwure as follo rs:
Vavelength
IECAET
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!e (b) (i) Co t'd
`:Rayelenr7th: 10 cm in M.T.I. operation.
3 cm innormal operation.
Pulse rate: Not decided: it was hoped
that a new type of magnetr.i
with greater power capacity
would become available.
Presentation: Indicators: PPI scope. A scope.
Range: About 80 km. About 80 km.
Scope
Diameter: 12-15" About 5".
Design of Antenna:-See Figure VII,(a)
(ii) Soviet Model
Plans for production of this equipment were passed
by T.K.I. to P.M.V. in 1^53 or 1954. In design
this radar was similar to a model used in ':,iorld War
principal characteristics were as follovys.-
1'kJavelength
About 5i3 cm.
.pulse rate: About 400 pps "spark gap" (sic)
not known.
Calibration: Indicators: PPI scope A scope
Range: About 80 km. About 80 km.
scope
Diameter: 12-15" ?
Antenna cacembly: See Figure VII(b) for rough sketch.
It is thought that . '.M.V. built between 40 and 80
sets, Some of these were used for training by the
Hungarian Army,
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3 (c) Larly-wvarnin; Radars
(i) Soviet Radars
Locations of early-aarning radars in use by the
Soviet occupation forces in Hungary were not known
with certainty, but units are believed to have
been sited in the vicinity of BUDAPr ST, SZ GFT , and
NAGYKANIZSA. Two types of Soviet early-warning
set were in uo:e: the P20, a further development
of the well-known "V-beam" radar of the second
world war, using beam with components of four
different wave-lengths as a protection against
active disturbances: and a second type a "hunter
leading" (.~ic) radar also known from the second
world :,%Ar.
(ii) Hungarian -Project
No finished set ever existed. Geza DOGGNARt s work
'as only in the experimental 1 tage. The Soviet
authorities ordered all work to cease on early-
w arning radar as i iey had their o an early warning
units erected in the country. BOGNr".R continued
his work but only at laboratory level. Details
of his ,,vork are not known
similar t
early-
warning system, the wave-length being 10 cm and
the range about 400 km.
(d) Hunrntrian ?. dar Chain
some preliminary re earch was done at T.K.I. in 1956
on the project of setting-u radar chain using equip-
ment of Hungarian dc:,,ign. Plans were based at first
NOW ! 0,11
A. S. Q ' IMI"i
the system was
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9. (d) merely on a stereo system giving protection against
active disturbances. Signals from several radars
giving the directions of disturbances in the form of
polar co-ordinates were evaluated in c memory equip-
ment according to the coincidence principle, transformed
into Cartesian co-ordinates and memorized. These
memorized data were to be used for presentation on the
screen of a scope and for counting machines.
(e) Work on servo-systems for Radars
(i) L'I.e iuni arian Artillery Radar T2
The work was curried out with a synthesis method
as a linear servo-system in accordance with the
: YQ,UIST criterion. The aircraft flew with a
velocity of 330 m/sec and in a parameter of 1 Km.
The men angular error for this system was 2 degrees.
(ii) P.P.I. Soryo-systems
These worked with magnetic amplifiers.
Maximum angular velocity: 10 rpm.
Maximum angular error: 0.5 degree.
(f) Navi ation Radar
F.IvI.V. ~va working on the development of a navigation
radar for use on the Danube: the ?rojec t wts at a very
early stage at the outbreak of the revolution.
(g) Proximity Fuses
None of these projects was adopted for series production
because the necessary immunity from accidental triggering
was rover sufficiently attained. The favoured design
was a,an;aitive to electro-mar netic radiation from the
target r-aithin a range of about 30 m, The equipment
consisted of an antenna, miniature valves and an oscillator,
and was dependent on the Dopler effect.
.../(h)
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9. (h) Microwave Techniques
(i) A few multi-channel units were developed at
T.K.I. for use in a microwave communication
system. A 6 channel unit with 600 lines per
channel was developed.
(ii) The work on microwave relay stations was not
finished when the revolution broke out.
(iii)T.K.I. made a microwave signal generator operating
in the Dm band.
(i) S~,1cia'. Tubes
The largest cathode ray tube produced at T.K.I. was
about 25 cm in diameter. A development requirement
for counter tubes was placed, for the first time, in
the Bummer of 1956. Only preliminary design work
took place.
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Si\7V ~~i HuY1. i.-"..~_' 'i ..~' Lc fent.?i~ 7ical
:Iubor-':imat.inn, .irection and production facilites.
jTT R %:INISTRY
I I"TRY -)F ': ")IU'. ::TGD'~TRING , later su2plantod by
" di",x'RY OF "~sLLfJRGY, Princi;)al !)e. a.rtment for Teloconnunications.
H.T.I. # G:~; 4 .:~ OPTI" L E T.K.I. F.M. V.
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cork on predictors
{
Mechanics
Laboratory
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11 other military equipment
Established 1951
I*
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PREDIOT ' 2S i RALRS Pi -D!I'C'Y FU :3 r~ f r:
Jt,TI- I d
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U ?iT FOIL MICRO-
Dr. Ie.,o
P!B0.,I f.n.u. f.n.a.
D= . Rezo TA.ANTI- AIRO' `.# EMLY --Ii RNING
Albert KD-qODI
Elvin ISTrNPFY Geza BOWAR
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Erno 'tivLy"ER
DESI i 'X51HOP naMM IS L'.P `': TION
P I IT, ?;15L
far 99 %
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T.K.I.--1
H.T.I.
i
a +
PREDIC'~ORS ANTI AIRCRAFT SHORT-RANGE EA1X~Y-WARNING
iikles ~IEZEY
i 1 Joz'sef GAUSS Gaza BJCNAR
JPROXIMITY FUSES
TABORI f.n.u.
Albert KORODI
TECHNICAL
INSTRU NTS
1
Gynrgy ALMASS
BATTERY for ELE:TRICAL
PROXi2ITY C0 ' VTS
FIISE
T.K.I. -2
Erno IVMTER
DALLC
DESIt WORKSHOP I '"9NISTRATI0N
1952 - 1954
Active developement work was given up
for 12 years when plans of the Soviet
short-range and anti-aircraft radars were received.
TECHNOLOGY
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1ECIET
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T.K.I. - i
TECFI ICAL INSTI PhT.
TBORI f .n.u. Gyorg' =utASSY
'-.T,iORT- RANGE albert KRODI
--
H.T.I.
?ozsef G TJ'~ {
or S .AB 0 Dr Nand
E E: 'RICAL
J ~AY1.L ~1iY.:uli S
DESIGN
1954. - 1955
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OR MICR
MUGS f .n.u. l0PERATIC1Id
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FOR PROXIt.I?
FUSES
EASURF; . TS
I OF FERRO-4,:ACT'ETIC
I CORE z ?EWALLOY
,~1LRT~LS ~
F 2
1
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H. T. I.
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