ARTILLERY IN THE PRE-REVOLUTION HUNGARIAN ARMED FORCES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A039000230001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 26
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 17, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 9, 1957
• Content Type: REPORT

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PROCESSING COPY
INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPOR'TT..
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
SUBJECT Artillery in the Pre-Revolution
Hungarian Armed Forces
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
F
DATE DISTR. ! KC
NO. PAGES 1
REQUIREMENT
NO.
SOURCE EVALUATIONS AV. - niFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE. 50X1-HUM
report concerning artillery in the
pre-resolution Hungarian Armed Forces. The report gives the following
information: artillery ~,F:ieces in use by the Hungarian Army, artillery pieces
in use by the Soviet forces in Hungary but intended for ultimate use by the
Hungarian Army, antiaircraft weapons in use by the Hungarian Army, signal
equipment in use by the Hungarian Army, the organization of signal units
in artillery formations, Soviet advisers to the Hungarian Armed Forces,
telephone communications setup of a corps artillery commander, and the
layout ~)f an artillery commander's signal communications in an army corps.
The report: also includes 14 charts, showing the organization of the pre-
revolution Hungarian Armed Forces, with the position occupied in that
organization by the artillery.
STATE X ARMY X NAVY X AIR X FBI AEC
m1
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Weapons
Hungary
Artillery in the Hungarian Armed Forces
The following artillery pieces were used by the Hungarian Arrays
a. 57 mm. antitank gun. Weight - 1150 kg.; range - 8500
meters; rate of fire - 20 rounds per minute; weight of
round - 3.5 kg.; semi-automatic, crew of five; moved by
12 ton truck; introduced in service in 1951.
b. 76.2 mm. gun, model 1949, with muzzle brake (Cso Szaj
Fekes). Weight - 1116 kg.; range - 13.2 km.; rate of
fire - 15 rounds per minute; weight of round - 6 kg.;
semi-autcanatic, crew of five; moved by a 3-ton truck.
c. 122 mm. howitzer. Weight - 2400 kg.; range - 10.8 km.;
rate of fire - 8 to 12 rounds per minute; weight of
round - 21.8 kg.; introduced to service in 1948.
d. 152 mm. gun-howitzer. Weight -3500 kg.; range 12.3 km.;
weight of round - 49.5 kg.; crew of seven.
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e. 122 mm. gun. Weight - 7117 kg.; range 21.8 km.; weight
of round - 21.8 kg.; crew of eight; pulled by tracked
prime mover type S-80 or YA-12.
f. 152 mm. howitzer. Weight - 71110 kg.; range - 17 km.;
rate of fire - four to six rounds per minute; weight
of round - 40.5 kg.; crew of eight; pulled by tracked
prime mover; introduced into service in 1949.
g. 82 mm, mortar. Weight - 56 kg.; range - 150 to 3050 meters;
crew of three.
h. 120 mm. mortar. Weight - 280 kg.; range - six km.; weight
of round - 12 kg.; crew of five.
2. The following artillery pbces were used by Soviet forces in
Hungary and were intended for ultimate use by the Hungarian
Array, although they had not been handed over to the Hungarians
by November 1956:
a. 82 mm. antitank rocket launcher. Fired from tripod;
crew of three.
b. 106.7 mm. recoilless gun. Fired from tripod; range -
approximately 1000 meters; for use against tanks and
prepared positions.
co 85 mm. gun with muzzle brake. Weight - two tons; range -
approximately 17 km.; double aiming mechanism for direct
and indirect fire.
d. 160 nun; mortar. Range - 9 km.
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3. The following antiaircraft guns were used b~ the Hungarian Army:
a. 12.7 nm-. machine gun. Effective range - one km.
b. 37 mm. gun. Range - 3.5 km.; rate of fire - 80 to 100
rounds per minute; automatic fire; pulled by a 3-ton
truck,
co 85 mm. gun. Range - 6.5 km.; semi-automatic; pulled by
tracked prime mover 5-80.
4. Prior to the rebellion, the Hungarian Army planned to obtain
the ZPU-2 (twin-barrel) antiaircraft machine gun, the ZPU-4
(quadruple-barrel) antiaircraft machine gun, and the 90 mm.
antiaircraft gun.
5. The Hungarian Army did not use any self-propelled guns, but
the Soviet Army in Hungary used the SU-76 and the JSU-122.
Signal Equipment
6. Hungarian artillery used both line and radio communication,
and both systems linked the smallest unit to General Head-
quarters. The following signal equipment was used by the
artillery units: all of Hungarian make but based on Soviet
prototypes
a. R-10 radio set had a range of 4-10 km., was carried in
a back pack, and was used by sections and batteries.
b. R-20 radio set had a range of 15 km., was carried in a
back pack, and was used at regimental headquarters.
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c. R-7 radio set had a range of-40-60 km., was carried in
a jeep, and was used at regimental or brigade headquarters.
was
d. R-40 radio set/carried in a special signal vehicle and
was used at army headquarters.
The organization of signal units in artillery formations was
as follows:
a. The Chief Artillery Officer (Tozer Torzs Fonok Hiradi
Heljetese) had a Lt. Colonel (Alezredes) as his signal
officer, who was responsible for the signal organization
for artillery headquarters. He forwarded all requests
to Signal Headquarters and received all equipment re-
quired for implementation.
b. The artillery staff at the corps headquarters in Hadjest
had a Major as signals officer. He had under him a Captain,
a Lieutenant, a platoon for laying telephone lines, and
a platoon of exchange operators.
c. The signals officer in an artillery regiment was either
a Major or Captain and had under his command platoon
signal officers, a 2nd Lieutenant (Hadnagy)as signal
technician, and a sergeant in charge of signal supply.
d. The headquarters company of an artillery regiment had
one section of telephone operators and one section of
radio operators.
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H_ C P. CT
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Soviet Advisers
8. The Soviet military attache is the chief adviser and is of a
very high professional standard. His office is in the War
Ministry, adjacent to the Minister's offices. A secretariat
composed of Soviet staff officers with knowledge of Hungarian
affairs serves as an advisory body. There is one Soviet ad-
viser at the war Ministry for each corps and additional ad-
visers for special professional departments within the corps.
For example, there were three Soviet advisers for the Artillery:
one to the Artillery Commander, one to the Antiaircraft Officer,
and one to the Ordnance Officer. At the divisional level and
higher, the rate of advisers is one per division plus one for
the corps (four per Army Corps).
9. The Soviet deputy military attache was the chief adviser to
the Chief of the General Staff, and his deputy served as ad-
viser to the Operations Branch. The Chemical, Signals, Mo-
bilization, and Intelligence }ranches also had Soviet advisers,
although those at the Intelligence Branch were only temporarily
assigned. The usual term of service for the Soviet advisers
was three years, although some did serve for shorter periods
on a temporary basis. The Soviet advisers held periodic pro-
fessional meetings and kept to themselves socially.
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10. Temporary advisers were featured during the construction of
the Southern Defense Line along the Yugoslav border. A large
number of Soviet advisers worked in Hungarian uniforms to
supervise the fortification works in the field.
Organization
11. The following charts show the organization of the Hungarian
armed forces, with emphasis on the artillery units:
a. Forces directly subordinate to the Minister of Defense
b. Army
c. Forces directly subordinate to Army
d. Artillery directly subordinate to Army
e. Infantry Corps
f. Infantry Division
g. Mechanized Infantry Division
h. Infantry brigade
i. Infantry Regiment
j. General Staff
k. Army headquarters
1. Artillery headquarters in an army
m. Artillery headquarters in a corps
n. Artillery headquarters in a division
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Legend to sketch I - Layout of Telephone Communications a (r'At
1. Main Exchange, Intelligence Center
2. Observer for Commander of Artillery in First Division
3. Observer for Commander of Artillery in Second Division
1.. Observer for Commander of Artillery in Third Division
5. Battle Positioncf Chief Artillery Officer in First Division
6. battle Position of Chief Artillery Officer in Second Division
7. battle Position of Chief Artillery Officer in Third Division
8. Battle Position of Chief Artillery Officer in Army Corps
9. battle Position of Artillery Commander in Army Corps
10. Reserve Observer for Artillery Commander in Army Corps
11. Observer for Commander of Artillery Group in rrmy Corps
12. Observer for Army Corps Commander
13. Observer for Artillery Commander in Army Corps
1L. Observer for Antiaircraft Artillery Group in Army Corps
15. Observer for Antitank Artillery Reserve Any Corps
16. Communication to Artillery headquarters of Army
17. Communication to Artillery Group (if any) of Army
Marking:
II
Telephone Exchange
Battle Position of Divisional Artillery Commander
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Battle Position of battalion Artillery Commander
Battle Position of Army Corps Artillery Commander
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Le tend to sketch II - Layout of Artillery Commandei in Z:rmy Corps
1. rattle headcuarters of Army Corps Commander
2. Observer for Artillery Commander in army Corps
3. Communication with Commander in Chief
4. Artillery Conmiander in i irst Division
>. Artillery Commander in Second Division
b. Artillery Commander in jhird Division
7. observer for Artillery Aeserve in Army Corps
8. Commander of Antitank] Artillery in Aims Corps
9. Position of Artiller,, Commander in Army Corps
10. Antiaircraft officer for Artillery Commander
11. Antiaircraft Artillery Croup in i:zmy Corps
12. battle position:, of guns.
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