SAL-RELATED ACTIVITIES SUMMARY REPORT (SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T01782R000100340001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 72
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 2, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 1, 1980
• Content Type: REPORT

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Top Secr
,,...~
25X1
im~gory atestlyala report
SAL-Related Activities
Summary Report
Top Secret
5-003/80
SEPTEMB25X1 ~80
cory 5 7
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Too Secret RUFF
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 2
HIGHLIGHTS ............................................................................................................................................... 3
SECTION 1
OFFENSIVE MISSILE ACTIVITY ............................................................................................................. 5
Modernized SS-11 ...................................................................................................................................... 5
SS-13 ........................................................................................................................................................... 6
SS-11 and SS-17 ......................................................................................................................................... 6
SS-11 and SS-19 ......................................................................................................................................... 6
SS-18 ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
MISSILE TEST RANGES AND FACILITIES .......................................................................................... 9
Tyuratam .................................................................................................................................................... 9
Plesetsk ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
SEMIPALATINSK NWPG SHAGAN RIVER TEST AREA ................................................................... 10
ICBM DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, AND TESTING .................................................................... 12
DEFENSIVE MISSILE ACTIVITY ............................................................................................................. 12
Sary-Shagan Missile Test Center ............................................................................................................... 12
Launch Complexes .................................................................................................................................. 12-13
R&D Complex ........................................................................................................................................ 13
Probable Laser Range ............................................................................................................................ 13
Moscow ABM Facilities ............................................................................................................................ 14
Deployed ABM-Related Radars ................................................................................................................ 14
SECTION 2
SUBMARINE-LAUNCHED BALLISTIC MISSILES ................................................................................ 17
Submarine Production ................................................................................................................................ 17
Delta-Series SSBN Construction ............................................................................................................ 17
New-Series SSBN Construction ............................................................................................................. l7
Severodvinsk Construction Activity ....................................................................................................... 17
SSBN Dismantlements ............................................................................................................................ 18
SSBN Overhauls ..................................................................................................................................... 18
Tunneling ................................................................................................................................................ 20
SLBM Test Centers ................................................................................................................................... 20
Nenoksa Naval Missile Test Center ...................................................................................................... 20
Balaklava Missile Test Center ............................................................................................................... 20
SECTION 3
CRUISE MISSILE DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................ 21
Testing ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
SECTION 4
LONG-RANGE AVIATION ....................................................................................................................... 23
BACKFIRE ............................................................................................................................................... 23
BEAR ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
BISON ....................................................................................................................................................... 25
SECTION S
A DV-2 ........................................................................................................................................................... 63
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 63
Historical Development ............................................................................................................................. 64
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Top Secret RUFF
1. (TSR) This report is the sixth in a series of reports on SAL-related activities to be done by the National
Photographic Interpretation Center. The report covers the period from and 25X1
updates the preceding SAL Summary Report published in June 1980.
NPIC. S-002/80, SAL-Related Activities: Summary Report,
80 (TOP SECRE'11
S). Jun 25X1
25X1
It contains five sections which deal with strategic land-based missiles (section 1), submarine-launched ballistic
missiles (section 2), cruise missiles (section 3), long-range aviation (section 4), and ADV-2 (section 5).
2. (TSR) Pertinent concealment, camouflage, and deception activity is included in the discussion of the
various substantive areas.
3. (TSR) Broad-area search
derived from analysis of the first
d during this reporting period. Information 25X1
is included. No high-resolution film return 25X1
25X1
vehicle was in operation during this reporting period.
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Top Secret R U F F
4. (TSR) Highlights of this report are summarized below:
a. Buildup of silo construction material was continuing at Tyuratam (paragraphs 38 and 49).
b. The 32 dismantled ABM launch facilities at launch positions at Moscow were earth covered (para-
graph 86)
c. New phased-array radar under construction near Moscow (paragraphs 90 through 93)
d. Buildup of radar construction components at Gomel indicates a new deployed ABM-related radar
may be under construction (paragraphs 101 through 103)
e. D-III SSBN unit 12 was in the final phase of fitting-out (paragraph 106)
f. Indications of possible D-III SSBN construction beyond unit 12 (paragraph 108)
g. Launch preparations at Severodvinsk probably for Typhoon SSBN (paragraph 110)
h. NE-04/Typhoon missile loading facility at Severodvinsk (paragraph 112)
i. Dismantled Y-Class SSBN unit 4 returned to construction hall (paragraph 115)
j. Possible dismantling of Y-I SSBN (paragraph 117)
k. High count of 157 BACKFIRE observed during July (see aircraft tables)
1. Possible correlation between ADV-2 testing and BACKFIRE mounted ~~airframe (para- 25X1
graphs 175 through 184)
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Top Secret R U F F
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
This list in its entirety is UNCLASSIFIED
ABM Antiballistic missile
ALCM Air-launched cruise missile
ARD(D) Floating drydock
AOSR Radiological liquid carrier
ASAT Antisatellite
ASM Air-to-surface missile
CAN/CAP Canister/capsule
CSF Complex support facilities
FTC Flight test center
GSE Ground support equipment
HE High explosives
ICBM Intercontinental ballistic missile
LAD Launch assist device
LCF Launch control facility
LRA Long-range aviation
MSPT Multisystem propellant transporter
MSTC Missile/space test center
MTC Missile test center
NMTC Naval missile test center
NPIC National Photographic Interpretation Center
NWPG Nuclear weapons proving ground
PAT Payload-associated transporter
PBV Postboost vehicle
PGCS Propulsion guidance control section
POE Piece(s) of equipment
R&D Research and development
RP Reporting position
RTP Rail-to-road transfer point
SAL Strategic arms limitation
SALT Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
SLBM Submarine-launched ballistic missile
SMRA Silo materials receiving area
SNA Soviet naval aviation
SSB Fleet ballistic missile submarine
SSBN Nuclear-powered fleet ballistic missile submarine
SSGN Nuclear-powered guided missile submarine
SSN Nuclear-powered submarine
T/E Transporter erector
TSA Temporary support area
VLF Very low frequency
YRSN Nuclear ship support barge
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Strategic Land-Based
Missiles
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1 op Secret rs u r r
OFFENSIVE MISSILE ACTIVITY
5. (TSR) From at least partial coverage was acquired of all 19 operational 25X1
ICBM complexes, and 1,196 of the 1,398 deployed launch silos were observed at least once. Silo conversion was
continuing at nine launch groups containing 66 launchers. All of the silos under conversion are in the mid-to-
late stage of construction. The following table summarizes the coverage of deployed ICBM silos. The table does
not reflect repetitive coverage.
SS-11 Complexes
Number of
Launchers
Number of Launchers
Observed at Least Once
Percent Observed
at Least Once
Drovyanaya
50
50
100
Gladkaya
60
60
100
Olovyannaya
90
90
100
Perm
80
80
l 00
Svobodnyy
60
55
92
Teykovo
80
51
64
Subtotal
420
386
92
SS-13 Complexes
Yoshkar-Ola
60
53
88
Subtotal
60
53
88
SS-11 / 17 Complexes
Kostroma
90
77
86
Yedrovo
110
53
48
Subtotal
200
130
65
SS-11 / 19 Complexes
Derazhnya
90
37
41
Kozelsk
1 10
97
88
Pervomaysk
90
90
100
Tatishchevo
120
103
86
Subtotal
410
327
80
SS-18 Complexes
Aleysk
30
30
100
Dombarovskiy
64
64
100
Imeni Castello
52
45
86
Kartaly
46
45
98
U zh u r
64
64
100
Zhangiz-tobe
52
52
100
Subtotal
308
300
97
Total
1,398
1,196
86
Modernized SS-11
6. (TSR) At least partial coverage was obtained of all six modernized complexes. Of the 420 launch sites,
386 were seen. Periodic maintenance involving one launch group at each of the five complexes was seen.
Drovyanaya
7. (TSR) All 50 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. On ~ a training 25X1
exercise was underway at the training site. Several vehicles were on the apron by the open silo door. The missile
canister was visible in the silo. Periodic maintenance was observed in Launch Group 1 during June. No other
significant activity was observed.
Gladkaya
8. (TSR) All 60 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Periodic maintenance was
observed in Launch Group G during June. No other significant activity was observed.
Olovyannaya
9. (TSR) All 90 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. The possible silo loading/
unloading observed in Launch Group H in April and May was completed during June. Periodic maintenance
was observed in Launch Group G during July. A silo loading exercise was underway at the training site on ~ 25X1
when acanvas-covered missile transporter, a silo loader, atruck-mounted crane, and eight support vehicles 25X1
were on the apron. The canister was visible in the silo. Canvas/netting was on the aprons at site 35F, 38F, and
96L.
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s-oo~/xo 25X1
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Top Secret R U F F
10. (TSR) All 80 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Periodic maintenance was
observed in Launch Group G during July. Canvas/netting covered all 30 silo aprons in Launch Groups I and N.
The silo doors were not covered.
Svobodnyy
I I. (TSR) Fifty-five of the 60 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. No
significant activity was observed.
Teykovo
12. (TSR) Fifty-one of the 80 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Periodic
maintenance was underway in Launch Group G during June. No other significant activity was observed.
13. (TSR) Fifty-three of the 60 launch sites and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Moderniza-
tion continued and was in the late stage in the E group. Modernization has been completed in Launch Groups
A, B, C, and D. Probable periodic maintenance was observed at two sites in Launch Group A in August.
SS-11 and SS-17
14. (TSR) Only l30 of the 200 launch sites and 14 of the 20 LCFs (five have been backfilled) at Kostroma
and Yedrovo SSM complexes were seen.
15. (TSR) The number of completed SS-17 type IIIH silos remained at 150, and the number of SS-11 type
IIID silos remained at 50.
16. (TSR) Fifteen LCFs are operational, and five LCFs remain backfilled.
Total SS-11 SS-17 Launch
Launch Launch Launch Groups Under
Groups Groups Groups Conversion
Yedrovo 11 0 11 0
Kostroma 9 5 4 0
Total 20 5 l5 0
17. (TSR) Seventy-seven of the 90 launch sites, eight of the nine LCFs, and all of the complex support
facilities were seen. Probable periodic maintenance was underway at two sites in Launch Group I during July.
The previously reported periodic maintenance in Launch Group Q during May was probably prelaunch activity
for the SS-I 1 launch in early June. This activity continued until mid-July.
18. (TSR) Fifty-three of the l 10 launch sites, six of the 11 LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities
were seen. No significant activity was observed.
SS-Il and SS-19
19. (TSR) Complete coverage was obtained at one complex and partial coverage was obtained at the other
three complexes. Of the 410 launch sites, 327 were seen.
Total SS-11 SS-19 Launch Launch
Complex Launch Launch Launch Groups Under Groups Under
Groups Groups Groups Conversion Modification
Derazhnya 9 3 6 - 1
Kozelsk II 5 6 - -
Pervomaysk 9 3 6 - I
Tatischevo 12 - 9 3 -
Total 4l 1 I 27 3 2
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Top Secret R U F F
20. (TSR) The number of completed type IIIG silos was 330, 30 were under construction, and 20 were
undergoing modification. The number of type IIID silos remained at 50.
21. (TSR) Probable periodic maintenance was observed at two complexes and involved three launch
groups.
SS-11 SS-19 Launch Launch
Complex Launch Launch Groups Under Groups Under LCF
Groups Groups Conversion Modification
Derazhnya
A X X Undergoing
modification*
B X Complete
C X Complete*
D X Complete*
E X Complete
F X Complete
G X Complete
H X Complete
I X Complete
Kozelsk
G X Complete
H X Complete
I X Complete
J X Complete
K X Backfilled
L X Complete
M X Backfilled
N X Complete
O X Backfilled
P X Backfilled
Q X Backfilled
Pervomaysk
A X
B Y
C X
D X
E X
F X
G X
H X
[ X
Tatishchevo
A X
B X
C X
D X
E X
F X
G X
H
I X
J X
Complete*
X Undergoing
modification*
Complete
Complete*
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete*
Complete
Complete
Ucon
Complete*
Ucon
Ucon
Complete
22. (TSR) Ninety-seven of the 110 launch sites, ten of the eleven LCFs, and all of the complex support
facilities were seen. Four of the five backfilled LCFs-M M, 00, PP, and QQ-were unchanged; the fifth,
backfilled LCF KK, was not observed. Unidentified activity was observed in Launch Group H in July. At LCF
FIH, several unidentified vehicles were on the apron and a trench extended from the control support building to
the group support area. The area in back of the silo appeared to have been disturbed and the two washer
antennas had been excavated. The apron around the silo at each of the launch sites in the group appeared to
have been disturbed. At launch site 28H, unidentified vehicles were on the apron, the silo door was open, and
the top of the canister was visible. At launch site 30H, the silo door was open and the silo was empty.
Top Secret S-003/!30
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Top Secret R U F F
Derazhnya
23. (TSR) Thirty-seven of the 90 launch sites, five of nine LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities
were seen. Modification of the launch sites and the LCF in Launch Group C was probably completed during
July. Modification was continuing in Launch Group A. Periodic maintenance was underway in Launch Groups
F and H.
Pervomaysk
24. (TSR) All 90 launch sites, the nine LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Modifi-
cation of the launch sites and the LCF in Launch Group D was completed during August. Modification was
continuing in Launch Group B.
25. (TSR) One hundred-three of the 120 launch sites, all 12 of the LCFs, and all the complex support
facilities were seen. Conversion continued in Launch Groups H, J, and K.
26. (TSR) Post-launch activity was observed in Launch Group C during July and August following the
early July launches of two SS-19s. This activity had ended at seven of the nine sites observed in the group by 0 25X1
At launch site 22C, the exhaust deflector ring was still on the apron. At launch site 25C, the door was 25X1
open, the exhaust deflector ring was still on the apron, and atruck-mounted crane and numerous vehicles were
on the silo apron. A TSA was still present.
27. (TSR) Unidentified activity was observed in Launch Group F beginning in late June. The area around
the hardened dome antenna and the launch silo appeared to have been excavated at each of the ten launch sites.
In addition, the cover had been removed from several of the hardened dome antennas. There were indications
that it was necessary to remove the warhead during this activity. The exhaust deflector ring was on the apron at
two launch sites during July, and on
activity appeared to have been comple
ted by
-IV warhead transporter was at launch site 89F. This
Similar activity was observed in Launch Group D. At
several of the sites in this group the area around the hardened dome antenna and the launch silos was disturbed.
28. (TSR) Probable periodic maintenance was observed in Launch Group F during July and August.
29. (TSR) Complete coverage was obtained at four of the six complexes and partial coverage was obtained
at the other two. Of the 308 launch sites, 300 were seen. Periodic maintenance was observed at five complexes
involving nine launch groups.
30. (TSR) The number of completed type IIIF launch sites is now 272. The remaining 36 silos were still
under construction. The number of completed LCFs is now 42; six remain under construction.
SS-18 Launch Group Status
Complex
Launch Groups Complete
Launch Groups Ucon
Aleysk
A,B,C,*D*
E*
Dombarovskiy
A,B,C,D,E,*F,*
J*
G,*H,*I*
Imeni Castello
A,B,C,*D,*E,F*G*
H*
Kartaly
A,B,C,D,*E*,G*
F*
Uzhur
A,B,C,D,*E,*F*
J*
G,*H*,I*
Zhangiz-Tube
A,B,C,D,*E,*F*
G*
H*
Total Groups
42
6
25X1
25X1
31. (TSR) All 30 launch sites, the six LCFs, and all of the support facilities were seen. Conversion was
almost complete in Launch Group E. During August, two SS-18 missiles, with OSS-18 MOD-4 25X1
PBV~PGCS containers, were at the RTP. The dome antennas and~or silo doors of Launch Group D were net
covered.
Dombarovskiy
32. (TSR) All 64 launch sites, the ten LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Conver-
sion of Launch Group J was almost complete. Training site 33X was completed in August. Two SS-18 missiles
with OSS-18 MOD-4 PBV~PGCS containers were in the RTP receiving area in August. A probable 25X1
propellant transfer operation for an SS-18 MOD-4 PBV propulsion module was observed in the RTP onn 25)(1
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This suggests that the propulsion module is fueled at the RTP prior to being delivered to a site.
Probable periodic maintenance was observed in Launch Groups A and F during July.
33. (TSR) Forty-five of the 52 launch sites, the eight LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities were
seen. Conversion was in the very late stages at Launch Group H. Four SS-18 missiles with SS-18 MOD-4
PBV/PGCS containers were in the receiving area of the RTP during July. These missiles are probably for
Launch Group G. Minor excavating was underway around the hardened dome antennas at LCF BB and
collocated launch site 7B and at LCF CC and collocated launch site 17C. Probable periodic maintenance was
observed in Launch Groups B and F during July.
Kartaly
34. (TSR) Forty-five of the 46 launch sites, the seven LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities were
seen. Conversion was completed in Launch Group G during July. Conversion was continuing in the very late
stages in Launch Group F. Probable periodic maintenance was observed in Launch Group C in early June and
in Launch Group F in July.
35. (TSR) All 64 launch sites, the ten LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities were seen. Conver-
sion was completed in Launch Group I between late June and early July. Conversion was continuing in the very
late stages in Launch Group J. Two SS-18 missiles and MOD-4 PBV/PGCS containers were in the RTP during
July. Probable periodic maintenance was observed in Launch Group D during June and in Launch Group A in
late July and early August. Minor excavating was observed around the hardened dome antennas at several of
the launch sites in Launch Groups C and F.
Zhangiz-Tobe
36. (TSR) All 52 launch sites, the eight LCFs, and all of the complex support facilities were seen.
Conversion of Launch Group H was complete in August. Launch Group G was in the late stages of conversion.
During June and July, probable periodic maintenance was observed in Launch Group B. Equipment observed at
the RTP during June, July, and August included two SS-18 missiles with OMOD-4 PBV/PGCS
containers and a modified LCF capsule with associated cylinders. This equipment is probably for Launch
Group H, the most recently converted launch group.
MISSILE TEST RANGES AND FACILITIES
Tyuratam
37. (TSR) Observations associated with strategic missiles at Tyuratam MSTC included type IIIF and type
IIIG silo doors at material handling areas, refurbishment and/or modification activity on seven hardened dome
antennas, and postlaunch activity associated with one SS-17 launch, two SS-18 launches, and one SS-19 launch.
38. (TSR) On ~ two type IIIG (SS-19) silo doors were in the material receiving area of space
launch site U l /2. With at least seven, and possibly nine, type IIIG headworks now at Tyuratam, the addition of
two silo doors further suggests that preparations are being made to modify existing IIIG sites or convert some of
the remaining type IIID (SS-11) sites. However, no construction activity or preparations have yet been observed
at the silos.
39. (TSR) On~ four type I[IF silo doors and sections of silo door housings were being offloaded
from railcars at an improvised material handling area just outside space launch site J 1 /2. Since at least four type
Il1F headworks had been observed previously, the delivery of the silo doors further suggests that preparations
are being made to convert some of the SS-9 sites to SS-18 sites.
40. (TSR) On Oat launch site K2, a silo loader was positioned in front of the closed silo door and
two SS-9 stage transporters were next to the service road. Similar activity was observed at this site in October
1979.
41. (TSR) The hardened dome antennas at launch sites R11, R12, R13, S3, 510, V3, and V8 are probably
being refurbished/modified. Similar activity was seen at the modified launch control facility. At some sites, the
dome antenna was removed and the antenna base excavated; at others a disruption of dirt around the dome was
observed. Similar activity has been taking place at some SS-17, SS-l8, and SS-19 sites at deployed complexes.
42. (TSR) The exhaust from a successful launch of an SS-18 from launch test site R7 north on~lew
at least 32 apron paving blocks off the apron. Some of the paving blocks landed on the hardened dome antenna
which is near the silo. As of0 the damaged apron had not been repaired.
43. (TSR) The launch points for four ICBM launches from Tyuratam were identified. Table I summarizes
this activity.
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Table 1.
Tyuratam ICBM Launch Activity
Launch Site Observation
V7 OnOimagery, the spent
LAD was identified
R7N On~magery, the spent LAD was
identified and damage to the silo apron
was evident; more than 30 of the apron
paying blocks had been scattered on both
sides of the R7N silo
R7S On ~ imagery, the silo
door was open, burn marks were on
the silo apron, and the spent
LAD was identified
S9N On~imagery, the silo
door was open and the silo
apron was darkened
Plesetsk
25X1
25X1
44. (TSR) Significant observations consisted of the installation of the new silo component in the north-
west silo at launch site 28; canvas-covered silo components at the SMRA; possible checkout operations at
launch site 11; activity at launch site 21; and construction of a tent structure at the RTP.
45. (TSR) The new 3-meter high, double-walled, cylindrical silo component seen on the apron of the
northwest silo at launch site 28 and the IIIH door pocket and silo door have been installed in the silo. Also, at
site 28, a possible launch control-related building was observed under construction between the two silos.
46. (TSR) In early July, all of the silo components at the SMRA were covered by canvas frame works and
remained covered. An LCF capsule was at the SMRA on the capsule had been cut into 25X1
sections and a portion of it removed from the area. By the remaining section had also been removed 25X1
from the SMRA.
47. (TSR) At launch site 11 on a type II warhead van, struck-mounted crane, and a 25X1
support vehicle were on the apron next to the site control bunker, and an open-bed cargo truck with acanvas-
covered object in the bed of the truck was arked on the GSE alignment markers at the silo. This unidentified
activity was terminated between and was probably prelaunch activity for an SS-13 Mod-2 25X1
25X1
48. (TSR) Probable refurbishment activity was continuing at Launch Site 21. Numerous crates and five to
seven trucks remained in the area.
49. (TSR) A long canvas-covered tent structure, was observed on imagery of0 25X1
over one of the railspurs at the RTP. The tent structure is similar to another tent-like structure, 59 by~~ 25X1
which was seen 6.0 kilometers east of mobile facility 1 in June 1979.
50. (TSR) During the reporting period, the canvas covering the silos at Launch Sites 14 and 22 was
replaced. No additional activity was observed at the two sites.
*DEFSMAC. 2721522, Aug 80 (SECRET
**Extracted material is SECRET only.
SEMIPALATINSK NWPG SHAGAN RIVER TEST AREA
51. (TSR) During this reporting period, silo and site construction continued at silo vulnerability areas 23
and 89 and at vulnerability area 108. A vulnerability test was conducted at silo 6 during the reporting period. By
the end of August, HE test preparations were underway at silo 5 and at location 116.
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53. (TSR) The test preparations at silo 6 were similar to the preparations observed at the silos subjected to
vulnerability tests in September 1979. However, silo 6 was apparently subjected to less overpressure and ground
motion than any of the silos in the 1979 tests. This was a result of a greater distance between the rosettas, a
greater distance between the silo and the rosettas, a shallower furrow bed, and a smaller arch-roofed simulation
structure. [n addition, the rosettas consisted of only five drill shafts instead of the usual seven.
54. (TSR) The rosettas were about 30 meters apart and 60 meters from the silo. In 1979, the rosettas were
25 meters apart and 50 meters from the silos. The furrow bed at silo 6 was slightly larger in total area than those
observed in 1979, but the furrows were only about deep. The best estimate of the furrow depth for the
.5X1
1979 tests isOThe arch-roofed simulation structure over silo 6 was about0in length and
25X1
^
meters in height. The arch-roofed simulation structure used in 1979 was about 20 meters in length and
meters high. The only feature of the test which appeared to be the same as in the 1979 tests was the position of
the large-diameter drill shaft, 45 meters from the silo.
55. (TSR) The quantity of HE used at silo 6 was probably less than that used in 1979 because of the
variations in the test site described in the previous paragraph. An unusual feature of the test was the removal of
the door from the silo. The door was removed during early-stage test preparations and was not replaced for the
test. However, some type of closure, with a layer of earth over it, was used to replace the original door which
remained on the ground off to one side.
56. (TSR) Modification of silo 5 (modified type IIIG) was almost complete at the end of August. The
modified headworks, the door pocket, and the door had been installed in the silo. The preparations at the silo
indicate that the test will be similar to recent HE tests conducted at other ICBM silos at Shagan River. Three
seven-shaft rosettas were drilled 60 meters from the silo and the large bore drill shaft was 45 meters from the
silo. Several prefabricated concrete arch sections were adjacent to the silo on ~~indicating that an arch- 25X1
roofed HE simulation test (HEST) structure would be assembled over the silo.
57. (TSR) The test preparations at this modified type IIIG silo were slightly different from the prepara-
tions observed at silo 2 (standard type IIIG) in September 1979. That silo vulnerability test involved athree-bay
HEST structure and three seven-shaft rosettas 50 meters from the silo.
58. (TSR) At silo 3 (type IIIF/SS-18), probable damage was observed for the first time in July. Immedi-
ately after the test, no damage was observed at the silo although a gap between the east side 25X1
of the silo and the surrounding soil indicated some horizontal movement or vibration of the silo. The direction
of the blast and overpressure from the test was west to east. No activity was observed at the silo from mid-
October 1979 until when the silo door was opened. Imagery of Oshowed that the door was 25X1
propped up by two external supports. This suggested that the door hinge and/or the hydraulic system in the silo
may have been damaged.
59. (TSR) No activity was observed at silos 1, 2, and 4 or at silo mockups 7, 8, and 9.
60. (TSR) At silo area 89, construction continued at silos 10 through 13. Construction had not been
resumed at silo 14 as of the end of August. Silos ]0 through 13 were in late stages of construction. Preparations
were underway for constructing service aprons and access roads for delivering missiles and capsules. The
instrumentation bunkers near each silo were in the mid-to-late stages of construction. Instrumentation cable
trenches had been extended from silo 13 to its bunker. No activity was observed at the 30-meter-diameter
excavation although apacked-earth road was being extended to the site. No activity was observed at the triple-
fence secured, partially underground structure.
6l. (TSR) Preparations for the HE calibration test at location 116 were progressing rapidly. Location 116
is just outside the southwest corner of silo area 89. On~ the site consisted of a silo mockup, alarge- 25X1
bore drill shaft, three seven-shaft rosettas, and an instrumentation bunker under construction. Prefabricated
concrete arch sections for a HEST structure were adjacent to the silo coring. This calibration test is probably in
preparation for future tests at silo area 89 and/or area 108.
62. (TSR) At vulnerability area 108, site construction has been ongoing since the last SAL-related report.
At the large trench, additional rectangular conduit sections were installed in the narrow section of the trench.
Approximately 220 meters of conduit have been installed to date. Rail sections were next to the trench during
most of the reporting period. Rail sections still have not been observed in the bottom of the conduit. Concrete
slabs replaced some of the wood panels on top of the conduit, indicating that portions of the conduit were
probably complete. A wall was constructed over the western end of the conduit, and the surrounding trench was
backfilled to grade level. Approximately 60 meters of prefabricated concrete arch sections were assembled over a
portion of the completed conduit. The arches span 180 degrees and are about 15 meters wide at the base.
63. (TSR) No activity was observed at the wide portion of the trench where the traveling gantry crane is
positioned.
64. (TSR) A smaller rectangular conduit was under construction in a trench in the center of area 108. The
conduit, about 100 meters in length, was almost complete. About 65 meters of concrete arch sections were
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assembled over the conduit. These arches spanned about 270 degrees (omega shaped) and the upper part of the
conduit was inside the arch. About 15 meters of the arch structure on the east end was being covered with rebar
mesh. This suggests that concrete will be poured over this portion of the arches. It is not yet known whether the
arches are a part of the structure or for containing HE. If HE is later placed in the arched structure and only the
east end of the structure is hardened, then the structure will probably serve as a shock tube or dynamic airblast
simulator (DABS). [f the entire structure is hardened, then HE will probably be placed throughout the structure
and it will serve as a HEST structure. Alarge-bore shaft was drilled about 75 meters from the west end of the
conduit. A probable instrumentation bunker was under construction north of the conduit.
65. (TSR) Little activity was observed at the two silo corings in the southern portion of area 108. The
probable silo base and some of the probable silo wall segments were installed in the large coring. Concrete was
poured into the wall segments after installation. On~a silo component similar to a headworks base was 25X1
adjacent to [he coring. The component was assembled from two 180-degree sections. At the smaller silo,
additional coring was observed, but no components were delivered for the silo.
66. (TSR) Two other excavations were observed within area 108. One excavation is parallel to the east
fenceline while the other is parallel to the west fenceline. Little activity was observed in the excavations. Small-
bore drilling operations were underway adjacent to the trenches during most of the reporting period. The shafts
at both excavations were drilled in a row parallel to the excavations. By C~ 16 shafts were adjacent to 25X1
the eastern excavation and eight shafts were adjacent to the western excavation.
ICBM DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, AND TESTING
Dnepropetrovsk
67. (TSR) Handling rings, some with diameters similar to the diameters of the SS-5 and SS-17 missiles,
and other pieces of equipment were adjacent to one of the large assembly/fabrication buildings at Dneprope-
trovsk Missile Development Production Center. This equipment, which began to appear in January 1979, may
be a part of either SS-5 or SS-l7 component or final assembly production lines. If this equipment is a part of a
production line, it indicates the probable termination of SS-5 production or a reduction in SS-17 production.
68. (TSR) There is supportive evidence for the termination of SS-5 production and for the reduction of
SS-17 production. Dismantling of SS-5 launch sites continues with only four complexes currently operational.
SS-17 deployment has been completed and the number of 1980 test launches is much lower than in 1978 and
1979.
Leningrad
69. (TSR) Possible silo coring activity was identified at Leningrad Silo Components R&D Facility onu 25X1
in a cleared area in the east-central ortion of the facility. The possible coring was in an early stage of 25X1
construction, having begun between An unidentified object was in the center of the excavation. 25X1
This object does not resemble known silo components and may be related to construction. Tracks for a traveling
gantry crane are on either side of the excavation. A mobile crane was adjacent to the excavation and between
the parallel tracks.
DEFENSIVE MISSILE ACTIVITY
Sary-Shagan Missile Test Center
Launch Complex B
70. (TSR) During this reporting period, Complex B was observed 15 times (13 complete and two partial
GALOSH canister was engaged in each of the three surface launch positions. From .5X1
launch position C3 was occupied (canister engaged) each time it was observed and 25X1
launch positions Cl and C2 were unoccupied.
71. (TSR) OnOa CAN/CAP silo loader was observed at the Missile Assembly Checkout Facility. 25X1.
a CAN/CAP silo loader was backed up to the silo at launch position C5. On the silo door
was open, a canvas cover was over the silo aperture, and a burn mark was around the silo. O
was being refurbished.
72. (TSR) Construction was continuing on the two possible fueling points.
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Launch Complex D
73. (TSR) Launch Complex D was observed 18 times (nine complete and nine partial coverages). At
complex D, the sliding shelter on the B-1 building (the probable laser facility) was closed each time it was
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imaged. Throughout this reporting period, the inflatable cover over the radome at the EGG HEAD radar
remained deflated, thus, showing the longitudinal ribbing on the radome.
Launch Complex F
74. (TSR) Launch Complex F was observed 34 times (18 complete and 16 partial coverages). No activity
was observed at launch position 3A. Refurbishment at launch silo 3B followed the April SH-08 missile launch.
Refurbishment appeared to be complete by early August and there was little activity around this silo after ^^
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75. (TSR) The silo at launch position 3C was undergoing modification or conversion. On ~ a 25X1
mobile crane was in operation at the silo. The northern half of the silo door was removed and, during June and
July the silo was being deepened. A crane had removed earth from the base of the silo. The earth was spread
over the ground on the northwest side of the silo. By Da canvas cover had been placed over the silo 25X1
aperture just inside the silo. Since then, little activity has been observed around the silo; however, the crane
remained on the silo apron.
76. (TSR) At new launch position 3D, preparations for the first SH-08 missile launch from this launcher
were observed in early June. An SH-08 missile transporter was aligned with the launch tube between and .5X1
^ The transporter was not present on^but had returned with a missile by^ Evidence of a missile 25X1
launch by included a raised empty launch tube, the removal of the work platform from the flame bucket, 25X1
the burned flame bucket, and all the power conduits covered for the first time. Preparations for a second launch
from this launcher were observed between An SH-08 transporter was backed up to 25X1
the launch tube on and remained until The transporter was not observed on 0 25X1
the erected launch tube contained an SH-08 missile and a trans orter and a checkout 1X3
van were onsite. The missile and the transporter were not present on a 25X1
missile was again erected in the launch tube and a transporter and checkout van were onsite.
Operations Support Base
77. (TSR) The Operations Support Base was observed 17 times (eight complete and nine partial cover-
ages). From 12 to 13 GALOSH canisters were observed at the servicing apron in the Explosives and Solid
Propellant Handling Facility. Four GALOSH canisters remained at the main hangar of the airfield.
R&D Radar Facilities 1, 2, and 3
78. (TSR) R&D Radar Facility 1 was imaged seven times, while R&D Radar Facilities 2 and 3 were
imaged nine times.
^9. (TSR) The previously reported possible clutter screen at R&D Facility 1 was externally complete on^ 225X1
80. (TSR) No significant activity was observed at R&D Radar Facilities 2 and 3.
R&D Complex
81. (TSR) The Sary Shagan R&D Complex, Facility A, was imaged 25 times during the reporting period.
The dome on the south building was over the coelostat and the cooling pond was operating on all coverages.
There was no activity at or near the north building during the reporting period. By mid-August, the water that
was previously standing midway up the drive-in ramp of the north building had evaporated/receded.
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Moscow ABM Facilities
86. (TSR) The 32 dismantled launchers at the deployed ABM complexes were still inoperative as of~
Between early June and mid-August all 32 of these positions, including the GSE alignment markers,
were covered with dirt. Arch-roof sections and wall sections for a probable GALOSH canister shelter, such as
that at complex E05, were brought to complex E24 in late July and early August. Sufficient components for two
shelters are at E33, for a second shelter at E05, and for one shelter at E31.
Launch
Complex
E05
Date
Observed
Launch GALOSH
Positions Canister Launchers
Observed Engaged Dismantled
16 7 8
12 4 7
9 4 5
16 7 8
16 4 8
6 4 2
12 6 4
16 6 8
16 5 8
15 6 7
16 5 8
16 5 8
16 6 8
16 6 8
16 6 8
10 3~4 5
4 - 4
16 6 8
16 5 8
16 4 8
16 7 8
16 7 8
3 1 2
16 8 8
6 6 0
15 6 7
16 7 8
16 7 8
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87. (TSR) The Borovsk ABM Support Facility was observed twice during this reporting period. Forty-six
GALOSH canisters were present on and 47 on 0 Seven curved metal segments of unknown 25X1
function were brought to an apron near the missile assembly and storage building between 25X1
88. (TSR) The Moscow SAM and ABM Training Facility was observed six times. A GALOSH ABM
canister was engaged in the launcher on
89. (TSR) The DOG HOUSE and CAT HOUSE battle management radar facilities were imaged one time
and three times, respectively. No significant activity was observed at either facility.
Deployed ABM-Related Radars
90. (TSR) Pushkino Phased-Array Radar (Figure 1) was identified under construction 25.5 nautical miles
(nm) north of Moscow on imagery of
91. (TSR) The radar structure is 152-meters square and pyramidal in shape. It is in a large rectangular
excavation with an adjacent underground building on the northeast side. The sides of radar face 60, 150, 240,
and 330 degrees and are sloped from the vertical. Three open trenches extend south about 1,000
meters to an area that will probably contain cooling equipment. Two of the open trenches, one to the east and
one to the west, contain large conduit sections. The third trench, to the east, contains pipe sections.
92. (TSR) Associated facilities include a construction support area and a transformer yard about 1.3 nm
to the west. Preliminary construction activity, tree cutting for an access road, was first visible in May 1978. By
August 1978, the access road was under construction and clearing was in progress for the construction support
facility. In August 1979, the floor of the radar structure was complete and walls were being constructed below
ground level on the east and south sides.
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93. (TSR) The latest imagery, acquired on~~ showed considerable construction progress since
The four sloped sides of the radar had been extended upward and a new trench was observed under
construction in the transformer yard. The trench spans about 40 percent of the distance to the radar and
contains four cableways which were being enclosed in a concrete conduit. About 10 percent of the trench, the
portion that originates at the transformer yard, had been backfilled. Construction activity and additional
construction material was in the vicinity of the radar.
94. (TSR) The Pechora Phased-Array Radar Facility was observed five times. The previously reported
possible beam forming/side lobe suppression device was in a late stage of construction. When last observed on~
all of the triangular lattice structures on the western side of the transmitting antenna had been erected
on a double row of buried concrete blocks. About 75 percent of the triangular lattice structures on the eastern
side of the transmitting antenna had been erected on a double row of buried concrete blocks.
95. (TSR) The Lyaki Phased-Array Radar Facility was not covered during this reporting period.
96. (TSR) The Sary-Shagan Phased-Array Radar North was observed once. No significant activity was
97. (TSR) The Ust Kamchatsk Radar Facility was observed five times. No significant activity was ob-
served.
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98. (TSR) The Mishelevka, Olenegorsk, and Sary-Shagan HEN HOUSE Radar Facilities were imaged
five times, seven times, and one time, respectively. No significant activity was observed at any of these radar
facilities.
99. (TSR) The Mukachevo and Skrunda HEN HOUSE Radar Facilities were not imaged.
100. (TSR) The Sevastopol HEN HOUSE Radar Facilit was imaged 14 times. On ~ new paneling
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was observed being applied to the right antenna face. By~ both antenna faces had been repaneled.
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Phased-Array Radar Components at Gomel Electronics Plant
101. (TSR) The presence of phased-array radar environmental cover segments and shipping crates at the
Gomel Electronics Plant suggests that a new Pechora~Lyaki type phased-array radar is under construction in
the USSR. These components are probably not for the newly identified phased-array radar at Pushkino.
102. (TSR) The number of phased-array radar environmental cover segments and shipping crates at this
plant has increased since September 1978. These components are similar to those observed during the construc-
tion of the Pechora and Lyaki Phased-Array Radars which are now externally complete.
103. (TSR) In September 1978, six environmental cover central segments (108 required for a transmitting
antenna) and 15 probable receiver antenna component shipping crates (exact number required has not been
determined) were observed at the plant. In May 1979, 24 central segments, 108 environmental cover side
segments (108 are required for a transmitting antenna), and 260 shi in crates were present. The number of
central segments and shipping crates continued to increase, and on ~ 50 environmental cover central 25X1
segments and 700 receiver antenna shipping crates were present. Because of clouds, the numbers of environmen-
tal cover side segments could not be determined.
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SUBMARINE-LAUNCHED BALLISTIC MISSILES
Submarine Production
Delta-Series SSBN Construction
104. (TSR) Usable coverage of the Severodvinsk complex was obtained on 41 occasions.
105. (TSR) Fitting-out of D-III SSBN unit 11 continued at the main quay of Severodvinsk Shipyard 402
through at least
the submarine had departed the Severodvinsk complex for its initial sea
trials. On 0 a D-[ll SSBN returned and was at the main quay where it remained through
was probably unit 1 1. This unit was probably again on sea trials between and on
SSBN (probably unit 1 1) was at the main quay on and between
This
A D-III
Positive
identification of this submarine as unit 11 was complicated by the presence of another D-III SSBN at Severod-
vinsk Nuclear Submarine Special Support Facility (NSSSF) between
NSSSF after
106. (TSR) Launch preparations for D-III SSBN unit 12 continued on launch rail D at construction hall
unit 12 had been launched and positioned at the main quay where fitting-out
continued through at least D-III unit 12 was at the calibration facility, which
indicates that it is in the final phase of fitting-out and will probably go on sea trials in the near future.
107. (TSR) The movement of flotation device supports from launch rail D to launch rail C on
suggests that at least one additional D-III SSBN may be launched from construction hall 1. Although the
flotation device supports are not in their final alignment, this pattern is similar to the one used during the roll-
out and launching of D-III SSBN units 11 and 12. The identification of a Yankee/Delta-type reactor plate on
and probable Delta-series outer hull plates during late July and early August suggests that continued
D-III SSBN production is likely. Based on the pace of launch preparations observed during January -and
February 1980 for D-III unit 12 and its subsequent roll-out in late May, the roll-out of a submarine on launch
rail C could occur during late 1980.
108. (TSR) While evidence for continued D-III SSBN construction is strong, it has been impossible to
conduct detailed analysis of pressure hull sections because of the amount of roofcover over the staging areas.
This also makes an estimate of other submarine construction programs at Severodvinsk less certain. In addition,
prior to the launch of the Oscar SSGN, it was presumed that the new-type reactor plates seen at Severodvinsk
were intended for the Typhoon SSBN and/or the SSGN believed to be under construction in hall 1. The launch
of the Oscar SSGN, however, made it a logical choice for the new reactor plate and raised the possibility that
the Yankee/Delta-type reactor plate may be used on Typhoon-series SSBNs. Similarly, the probable Delta-
series outer hull plates could be intended for the Typhoon or for additional units of the Oscar SSGN.
109. (TSR) Although a detailed analysis of the hull sections was not possible, significant movement of hull
sections under the sheds was noted during August and indicates that the loading of an undetermined type of
submarine hull was probably in progress.
110. (TSR) Preparations for a launch from buildingway 2 of construction hall 3 have been underway since
at least the launch dock support cradles on the ledges of the launch basin were
aligned with launch rail 2. The launch dock which had been outside the launch basin since ~ had been
returned to the basin and was floating free in front of launch rail 1. Two large flotation devices were on launch
rail 2 on ~ These devices were used for a weighted test of the launch rails at launch rail 1 prior to the
launch of the Oscar SSGN and also prior to the operational use of the transfer facility at the east quay. By~
the trough for the launch dock support cradles had been bridged and the flotation devices were no
longer observed. The door of the construction hall was partially opened and the flotation devices had probably
been moved inside for a weighted test of the rails which bridge the gap over the sliding caisson. By
the launch dock had been aligned with launch rail 2. On ~ the sliding caisson was open, the gap was
bridged by rails, and the flotation devices had been returned to launch rail 2. Launch preparations have
remained static since Ohowever, a launch could occur at any time. The rail systems of launch rails 2
and 3 consist of six rails each, as opposed to two rails on launch rail I. Therefore, the use of launch rails 2 and 3
permit the launching of heavier submarines. The clearing of the entire length of the launch dock, as well as the
testing of the rail system, suggests that a submarine considerably heavier and longer than the Oscar SSGN will
he launched, probably the Typhoon.
Severodvinsk Construction Activity
I 1 I . (TSR) The installation of roof panels and side walls on the rigid framework over the staging platform
and loading rails between construction hall 3 and fabrication building 2 had been completed with the exception
of the side wall at the north end of the staging platforms.
112. TSR) A new T/E was assembled on the quay at Severodvinsk Naval Base West near the new gantry
crane. On ~ a load simulation test of the T/E was in progress utilizing a load simulator similar to the one
seen at Nenoksa Naval Missile Test Center Launch Facility D where the NE-04 missile has been tested. On~
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a l9-meter NE-04-associated missile railcar similar to the one seen at Nenoksa and also at constructio25X1
hall 3 at Shipyard 402 was in tandem with the T/E. By Othe gantry crane was over the railcar and T/25X1
and a probable missile handling collar was upright on the T/E. The presence of the NE-04-associated equipment
suggests that this area will support the Typhoon/NE-04 system. However, the facility could also be used to
support other platforms and systems.
113. (TSR) By the new arch-roofed building (47 by 9 by 9 meters) in area B was bein25X1
bunkered, and an area was being graded for at least one additional bunker. A railspur was under construction
from the bunker toward Severodvinsk Naval Base West.
114. (TSR) Fitting-out of the Oscar SSGN was continuing at the main quay. The Oscar has 24 SS-NX-19
missile tubes, 12 on each side of the sail. SS-NX-19 missile loading trays were attached to the missile tubes on
numerous occasions. On ~ a possible SS-NX-19 missile airframe was on the quay and on the bow of th25X1
submarine. It could not be determined if this was an actual missile or a training device. The function of the
canvas-covered area on the bow of the Oscar SSGN has not been determimed.
1 15. (TSR) Y-class SSBNs. Dismantled Y-class units I and 2 remained at the main quay at Severodvinsk
Shipyard Yagry Island. Some minor topside activity was continuing; however, no reactor work or major
reconstruction activity was observed. Unidentified reactor work was continuing on unit 4 at Shi and 402
through at least flotation devices had been attached to the hull, and by th25X1
submarine had been positioned inside the launch basin on launch rail A at construction hall 1. Between 7X1
the submarine had been moved into the construction hall, probably for extensive overhaul/modiflca25X1
116. (TSR) The dismantled Y-class unit 3 remained on the open repairway adjacent to hall 1 at Petrovka
Naval Base and Shipyard. The bow and stern sections of the pressure hull may have been rejoined, however, the
outer hull plating has not been replaced in this area.
117. (TSR) The active dismantling of an SSBN in compensation for D-III SSBN unit 11 which went on
sea trials between has not yet been confirmed. The Y-I SSBN at Severodvinsk NSSSF with th25X1
missile tube doors open since satisfies the initial phase of dismantlement. The walking deck between th25X1
missile tubes on this submarine was removed between Figure 2). This is the first positiv25X1
indication since the opening of the missile doors that this submarine may be dismantled. Removal of the
walking deck has taken place on previous units that were undergoing overhaul and is not a reliable indication of
dismantlement. Also, scaffoldin was not placed over the sail of any of the previously dismantled Y SSBNs as
has been with this SSBN since~Scaffolding over the sail is normally associated with overhaul rather thai25X1
dismantlement. [f this is dismantlement, rather than overhaul, this would be the fifth Y SSBN unit to be
dismantled. A crane served, out-of-water position for dismantling a submarine is not presently available at
Severodvinsk since the basin gate at Shipyard Yagry Island is blocked because of maintenance. The missile tube
doors and missile tubes could be removed while the submarine is still in the water as was done on unit 3 at
Petrovka. Additional activity associated with dismantlement must take place before overhaul can be ruled out.
118. (TSR) D-class SSBNs. Overhaul and refueling of the two D-I SSBNs in the repair halls at Shipyard
Yagry Island since December 1979 and February 1980 were continuing.
119. (TSR) Y-class SSBNs. The Y-I SSBN removed from the repair hall at Shipyard Yagry Island
between was at the quay for post-sea trials maintenance between 025X1
The missile tube doors were open for most of that period, and by~this submarine had departec25X1
the Severodvinsk complex. OnOthe Y-I SSBN which had occupied the south bay of repair hall 1 since[25X1
had been removed from the hall. Environmental sheds remained over the hull penetrations in thiL~X1
reactor area, and post-overhaul fitting-out was continuing. No other Y/D SSBN overhaul unit has been
identified. The next occupant of the repair hall may be the E-II SSGN presently on the north ledge of the ship-
lifting basin.
120. (TSR) Overhaul was completed on one Y-I SSBN and two others were in various stages of over-
haul/refueling at Petrovka. Post-overhaul fitting out was completed on the Y-I SSBN which had been removed
from the repair hall in April 1980; it had departed the shipyard between Significant post25X1
overhaul refit/repair observed on this unit includes probable electronics, bow sonar, and missile-bay work. The
Y-I SSBN which entered the repair hall between remained inside the ha1125X1
The reactor access plate for this unit remained on the quay next to the repair hall. The Y-I SSBN which arrived
at the slanted pier in December 1979 was removed from the ARD(T) and was at the main fitting-out quay in
late July 1980. A work platform had been installed on the aft part of the sail. All 16 missile tubes were open on
this unit throughout the reporting period, except for 25X1
121. (TSR) The Y-I SSBN which was at Petropavlovsk K Shipyard Seldavaya Bay in March, returned to
Petropavlovsk K Submarine Base and Ship Repair Yard in early June after the completion of minor upkeep and
maintenance.
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s-oo3/s~25X1
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122. (TSR) H-class SSBNs. The H-II SSBN which entered the open ARD(D) at Petropavlovsk K Shipard
Seldvaya East on 0 departed the facility by ~ No significant change has taken place on the H-II 25X1
SSBN at Rosta since March 1978.
Tunneling
123. (TSR) Construction was continuing at a slow pace at Strelok Strait Submarine Base Pavlovskogo
Bay. A probable steamline is being installed to the first personnel adit. No other significant external activity has
been observed. Tunneling at Ara Guba and Sayda Guba was also continuing.
Nenoksa Naval Missile Test Center
124. (TSR) Launch Facility D. Missile-related activity was observed at the facility in June 1980. On 025X1
the erector/loader cover, launch tube cover, and crane were outside the facility where they were prior to 25X1
the launch of an NE-04 in April. The personnel hoist housings and platforms were along the security fence. On
the crane and launch tube cover had been returned to the launch site. On
cover was again in place and a slight discoloration was noted around the launch area.
125. (TSR) Checkout/repair of the erector/loader was observed in August. On
loader was partially erected. It had been lowered
by
It was raised again on
the erector/Ioader25X1
the erector/-25X1
nd work was25X1
he erector/loader had been lowered. 25X1
apparently being performed on the mechanism. By
126. (TSR) Launch Facility C. On
launch tower building.
to be conical and were
By
several unidentified objects were on the north side of the25X1
the number of objects had inc
reased to approximately six. They appeared25X1
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127. (TSR) No significant SLBM activity was observed at Balaklava Missile Test Center during the
reporting period.
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Cruise Missiles
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CRUISE MISSILE DEVELOPMENT
Testing
cruise missile support area and at Launch Facility A.
129. (TSR) At the cruise missile support area three new SS-NX-l9 crates h
d
i
d b
~~v~
a
arr
ve
y
~a fourth crate was
res
nt
O
h
0
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p
e
.
n t
ree of the SS-NX-19 crates a
peared to be open. By
three SS-NX-19 crat
h
d b
d
~
es
a
een move
to the RTP across the road. By
more crates had been m
the RTP. On~3 SS-NX-19 crates were at the facility, including two on flatcars at the RTP
Th
oved to
7FX1
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.
e
re was a
reduction in the number of SS-NX-19 crates at Severodvinsk Naval Missil
St
b
e
orage
etween On
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three SS-NX-19 crates were in the old SLBM compound adjacent to the east end of th
i
i
il
``'~~
e cru
se m
ss
e
support area. This may mean that the cruise missile support area has been expanded to include this com
o
d
p
un
.
On Da new SS-NX-19 crate was in front of the high-bay building in the cruise missile support area. A
canvas-covered probable airframe was adjacent to the crate and a crane was extended over the airframe.
25X1
130. (TSR) At Launch Facility A, launcher A-2 was turned to an azimuth of
25X1
[he SS-NX-19 loading tra
and a crane w
d
h
GJ/~
y
ere a
jacent to t
e launcher. B the tra
y y and crane had
been moved near launcher A-1. By two SS-NX-19 crates had been brought into the facilit and were
25X1
between launchers A-2 and A-3.
131. (TSR) Cruise missile activity was observed at Chernomorskoye Missile Test and Evaluation Facility
in area B on DA mobile crane, aerate/canister, and a loading tray were at the twin-tube launcher
The
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.
launcher was canvas covered when imaged ono
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132. (TSR) No significant cruise missile activity was observed at Balaklava Missile Test Center or Feodo-
siya Naval Missile Support Facility.
ReuPrse side blanh
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128. (TSR) Cruise missile-related activity at Nenoksa Naval Missile Test Center was observed at the
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Long-Range Aviation
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LONG-RANGE AVIATION
133. (TSR) This portion of the report summarizes SAL-related Soviet air activity. It includes a brief
description of unusual BACKFIRE, BEAR, and BISON aircraft activity, as well as tables showing the locations
and counts of these aircraft on the dates imaged. All SAL-associated Soviet LRA and SNA bases, all relevant
aircraft production facilities, Akhtubinsk FTC, Ramenskoye FTC, Novosibirsk Scientific Institute of Aviation
(SIBNIA), and all nine Soviet Arctic staging bases capable of supporting BACKFIRE were imaged.
BACKFIRE Aircraft Activity
Production and Flight Test Center Activity
134. (TSR) At Kazan Airframe Plant Gorbunov 22, a new high count of seven modified BACKFIRE B
was observed on ~ Also, on the same day, two modified BACKFIRE B were at Akhtubinsk FTC. If
the previously reported modified BACKFIRE B remained at Ramenskoye FTC, at least ten modified BACK-
FIRE Bprototypes exist.
135. (TSR) The previously reported BACKFIRE B with a
wing was not seen at Akhtubinsk Flight Test Center during this reportin eriod. However, a BACKFIRE B
with a Dairframe mounted under the port win was seen on in the Tupolev area of
Ramenskoye FTC. This BACKFIRE with the ~airfr~me was not seen on subsequent imagery of
Ramenskoye. There has been no change in the status of the previously reported BACKFIRE B seen in the new
Test, Derelict, and Central Test Area at Ramenskoye.
Long-Range Aviation Activity
136. (TSR) A new high count of 20 BACKFIRE B was observed at Belaya Airfield (Far East Bomber
Command) on imagery of DObservations of this number continued for the remainder of the reporting
period except from when only 15 BACKFIRE B were present. A new aircraft dispersal area
was observed under construction in an area immediately east of the north end of the runway. Initial earth-
moving activity was evident as early as0 and by the end of the reporting period, at least three aircraft
revetments were under construction. This activity may be for future deployment of additional BACKFIRE to
this airfield. Other construction included the hardening of the revetments along the flight line and an additional
quonset-type storage building in the ASM support facility.
137. (TSR) The normal high count of BACKFIRE B at Poltava Airfield (Southwest Bomber Command)
remained at 19. However, between 22 were seen here. During this same period, there was a
decrease of five BACKFIRE B at Belaya Airfield. The three additional BACKFIRE B seen at Poltava Airfield
during this time may have come from Belaya. BACKFIRE have not been seen at the newly constructed
maintenance building in the dispersal area. Sliding doors have recently been added to the front of this building.
Construction continued on the tactical air-to-surface missile (TASM) facility near the dispersal area. Three
bunkers were constructed and were being earth covered, and a concrete pad was constructed near the bunkers.
A hard-surface (paving block) road connects the dispersal area and the TASM facility, and a service road
between the concrete pad and the bunkers was being paved.
138. (TSR) At Soltsy Airfield (Northwest Bomber Command), the count of BACKFIRE B remained at
20. An additional maintenance shelter, similar to the previously reported shelter, was in the early stages of
construction in the maintenance area. No changes to the partially disassembled CLEAT were observed.
139. (TSR) The BACKFIRE count at Ryazan/Dyagilevo Airfield, the LRA training base, was five
BACKFIRE A and six BACKFIRE B at the end of the previous reporting period. The count had decreased to
three A and three B by the end of June. The BACKFIRE B that had been previously reported as having
sustained damage to the right wing remained on a hardstand adjacent to the BISON/BLINDER repair area. No
significant changes to this aircraft were noted. The decrease of two BACKFIRE A corresponded to the
identification of one A in the static display area at Kiyev Zhul an Airfield on imagery of
and one A seen at Achinsk Airfield East A static display area is
Soviet Naval Aviation Activity
140. (TSR) The count of BACKFIRE B at Bykhov Airfield (Baltic Sea Fleet Air Force) remained stable
at 36.
141. (TSR) At Oktyabrskoye Airfield (Black Sea Fleet Air Force), the BACKFIRE B count remained 17.
W~ unted AS-4 (KITCHEN) missiles were observed on at least four BACKFIRE B on imagery of~
This was the third sighting of wing-mounted AS-4 on a BACKFIRE at this installation. A large ASM
storage bunker which has been under construction in the ASM support facility was being earth covered
142. (TSR) A new hi h count of 12 BACKFIRE B was observed at Nikolayev/Kulbakino Airfield, the
SNA training base, on Previous high counts during this period were eight on Dand ten on
partial coverage of The previously reported BACKFIRE B in the BEAR/BADGER repair depot
remained here during the entire reporting period. A summary of the activity involving this aircraft follows. On
possible engine-related activity was observed; on ~~ a crane was being used to detach the starboard
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Top Secret RUFF
wing; by0 the wing had been detached and was lowered from its normal position. Also on~~ the 2_5_X1
horizontal stabilizers had been removed. By 0 both wings had been detached and lowered from their 25X1
normal configuration. On~the wings had been moved and placed in positions parallel to the aircraft. A 25X1
horizontal stabilizer was also visible in this area. Ono the BACKFIRE was not in the depot area and had L~X1
probably been moved into the large hangar. The wing panels and horizontal stabilizers remained in the BACK-
FIRE parking area. OnOthe aircraft was probably in the hangar and the wings had been moved to a ~.r,X1
storage area adjacent to the hangar and remained there for the remainder of the reporting period. By 25X1
the BACKFIRE had returned to its previous parking position and it remained there until when it 25X1
probably was returned to the hangar.
Other BACKFIRE Activity
143. (TSR) At Ussuriysk/Vozdvizhenka Airfield (Far East Bomber Command), two BACKFIRE B were
present on These two aircraft were probably from Belaya Airfield, also in the Far East
Bomber Command, where five BACKFIRE were missing during this same time period.
144. (TSR) On imagery of one BACKFIRE B was seen at Kipelovo Airfield
(Northern Fleet Air Force). This was the first observation of BACKFIRE at this SNA base which supports
BEAR D and BEAR F regiments. There has been increased renovation and construction activity in the
northeast dispersal area, in addition to the nine existing parking hardstands in this area, four probable hard-
stands, one possible hardstand, and a probable parking apron are being added.
145. (TSR) Six BACKFIRE B were at Olenegorsk Airfield (Northern Fleet Air Force) onOThey
may have participated in a combined surface fleet and naval air exercise in progress in the northern sea areas
during the latter part of June. BACKFIRE were last seen here in August 1979.
146. (TSR) One BACKFIRE B was seen for the first time at Kaliningrad/Proveren Airfield (Baltic Fleet
Air Force) ono A BACKFIRE was still in the same revetment on imagery of
147. (TSR) Two additional BACKFIRE A were observed in or near static display facilities. This activity
corresponds to the decrease of two BACKFIRE A at Ryazan/Dyagilevo Airfield. One was in the aircraft static
display area at Kiyev/Zhulyany Airfield, and the other was at Achinsk Airfield East. An aircraft static display
area is near Achinsk Airfield East. There were no changes in the status of the other two BACKFIRE A on static
display-at Moscow/Monino Airfield and at Irkutsk Airfield Southeast.
148. (TSR) There has been a gradual increase in the number of AS-4 (KITCHEN) shipping containers in
the ASM support facilities at Alekseyevka Airfield (Pacific Ocean Fleet Air Force). A total of 35 AS-4 shipping
containers were identified here. Twelve were seen here for the first time in May 1980. Construction was
continuing on the parking hardstands in the dispersal area and on the parallel taxiway.
149. (TSR) Construction activity continued in the suspect BACKFIRE area at Ostrov-Gorokhovka Airfi-
eld (Baltic Sea Fleet Air Force). To date, no BACKFIRE or related ground service equipment has been seen
here.
I50. (TSR) On imagery of two BACKFIRE B were seen in flight on an easterly heading west-
northwest of Chernyakhovsk Airfield approximately 45 nm east of Kaliningrad.
151. (TSR) All nine Arctic staging bases capable of supporting BACKFIRE were imaged during this
reporting period. BACKFIRE were seen only at Olenegorsk Airfield (Northern Fleet Air Force) where six were
observed on
BEAR Aircraft Activity
Long-Range Aviation
152. (TSR) An unusually high amount of flight activity was observed at Dolon Airfield (Far East Bomber
Command) on imagery ofOwhen only two BEAR were observed. Normally, 36 BEAR, which make up
one BEAR A regiment and one BEAR B/C regiment, are present. These missing aircraft may have deployed to
Engels Airfield (Northwest Bomber Command), a BISON base, where 16 BEAR A/B/C were seen on
and to Mozdok Airfield (Southwest Bomber Command), a BEAR base, where there was a reported increase of
seven BEAR B on 36 BEAR A/B/C were at Dolon Airfield. ASM activity was in progress
at Dolon Airfield on when six BEAR B were observed with centerline-mounted AS-3 (KANGAROO)
missiles.
153. (TSR) The high count of 27 BEAR (23 BEAR B and four BEAR C) at Mozdok Airfield (Southwest
Bomber Command) onOprobably corresponds to the decrease in BEAR at Dolon Airfield on
Normally, only 20 BEAR B/C are seen at Mozdok. ASM activity was evident on when two BEAR
B and one BEAR C were observed with mounted AS-3 (KANGAROO) and again on when one
BEAR B and three BEAR C were seen with mounted AS-3 (KANGAROO).
154. (TSR) The BEAR A and BEAR B/C regiments at Uzin/Chepelevka Airfield (Southwest Bomber
Command) were at normal strength. One BEAR B with a mounted AS-3 (KANGAROO) and one AS-3 on a
dolly adjacent to a BEAR B were seen on imagery of
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Top Secret R U F F
15~ TSR) A high count of 18 BEAR F was observed at Alekse evka Airfield Pacific Fleet Air Force) on
Low counts of five to seven BEAR F were seen from Corresponding to the
low counts of BEAR F at Alekseyevka Airfield was the presence of from six to nine BEAR F at Khorol Airfield
East (Pacific Fleet Air Force) during this same period. The increased number of AS-4 (KITCHEN) shipping
containers and the construction and renovation activity in the dispersal area and on the parallel taxiway are all
probable indications that this airfield may soon receive a complement of BACKFIRE.
156. (TSR) There was no change in the status of the static display BEAR at Irkutsk Airfield Southeast,
Moscow/Monino Airfield, or Voroshilovgrad Airfield Southeast.
157. (TSR) At Khorol Airfield East (Pacific Fleet Air Force), the BEAR D reconnaissance regiment was
seen at its normal strength throughout this period. From six to nine BEAR F were seen here between and
and probably were the BEAR F missing from Alekseyevka Airfield.
158. (TSR) The BEAR D and BEAR F regiments at Kipelovo Airfield (Northern Fleet Air Force) were
seen at normal strength during this reporting period. One BACKFIRE B was seen here on imagery of
This was the first sighting of BACKFIRE at this naval aviation base. Continuing construction
and renovation in the dispersal area may be an indication of future deployment of aircraft other than BEAR.
159. (TSR) BEAR were not at Kirovskoye Airfield (Black Sea Fleet Air Force) during this period because
of runway repair activity.
160. (TSR) The one BEAR F Variant was seen at Severomorsk Airfield (Northern Fleet Air Force)
throughout this reporting period.
Other BEAR Activity
161. (TSR) One BEAR C, one BEAR C Modified, one BEAR D, and one BEAR F were seen at
Akhtubinsk FTC during this reporting period. At Ramenskoye FTC, one BEAR A and up to five BEAR F were
seen.
162. (TSR) Five BEAR F Variant were usually seen at Taganrog Airframe Plant Dimitrov 86 during this
reporting period, and one BEAR C Modified and one BEAR F were at Kuybyshev Airframe Plant Lenin 18.
163. (TSR) Normal BEAR activity was observed at Belaya Tserkov Airfield where from five to nine
BEAR A/B/C were seen in the repair facility.
164. (TSR) BEAR D and BEAR F were seen in normal strength at Nikolayev/Kulbakino Airfield and at
the associated repair facility.
165. (TSR) One BEAR F was at Saki Airfield (Black Sea Fleet Air
subsequent imagery through The BEAR was not seen on imagery of
Force on
~FX~
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166. (TSR) BEAR were reported at two BISON bases during this period. On imagery of ~ two
BEAR A/B/C were at Ukraina Airfield (Far East Bomber Command), and on016 BEAR A/B/C were
at Engels Airfield (Northwest Bomber Command). The 16 BEAR at Engels Airfield were probably from Dolon
Airfield from which both BEAR regiments were missing on the same date.
BISON Aircraft Activity
167. (TSR) No further indication of BISON disassembly was noted at Engels Airfield, Ramenskoye FTC,
or at Ukraina Airfield.
168. (TSR) At Engels Airfield (Northwest Bomber Command), the heavy bomber regiments were seen in
normal strength throughout this reporting period. Eight BISON A, eight BISON B without refuelin probe, 16
BISON B with refueling prob, and three BISON C are usually seen here. On imagery of six BEAR
A/BBC were observed, and on~16 BEAR AFB/C were seen. BEAR are not usually seen at this LRA
base.
169. (TSR) The BISON heavy bomber regiments at Ukraina Airfield (Far East Bomber Command) were
seen at normal strengths during this reporting period. Four BISON A, eight BISON B without probe, 16
BISON B with probe, and four BISON C are usually seen here. On imagery of~~two BEAR A/B/C were
seen here. BEAR are not usually seen at this LRA base.
170. (TSR) The normal counts of BISON were observed in the flightline and maintenance areas at
Ryazan/ Dyagilevo Airfield during this reporting period.
171. (TSR) Ten BISON B with refueling probes were seen at Dolon Airfield, a LRA BEAR base, on
Normally, from two to four BISON A or BISON B without refueling probe are seen here.
172. (TSR) Probable B[SON tankers were at Mozdok Airfield, an LRA BEAR base, where two BISON A
or BISON B without refueling probe were observed throughout the reporting period.
173. (TSR) One BISON B without refueling probe and one BISON B with probe were at Khorol Airfield
East from BISON are not usually seen at this naval aviation BEAR base.
174. (TSR) At Ramenskoye FTC, three BISON B with refueling probe and one BISON C were observed
throughout this period.
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Kazan Airframe Plant
Gorbunov22
~~
~~ \~0 ~~
QO \~ ~~Q,
0 m m J~ ~0 P
~0
~ v
~~ Q~ ~~Q
~ ~ ~ ~ Q
o~ ~~ ~`~ ~~ QP Q
6 12
4 1 12
3 13
~~
\~0 Q~~
0~4 ~~
~0 0~ ~P
0 ~ V 0 ~~ J~ ~0 P
Poor-quality imagery
Heavy cloud cover
New high count of Mod B
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 Akhtubinsk Flight Test
Center
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~~
,~~ 4v ~~~
P 0~ ~P p~ P
0 ~ ~ ~ Q P
~o
m~ ~~ ~\
o \~ ~Q
~QQ~ X00 ~0~ OP
~ 0 0 J ~ P
~o
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0~~ ~`~ v
~0 ~0~ OP
0 ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ J ~. Q'
4
1 2 7
BEAR F Variant
4
1 2 7
BEAR F Variant;1st BEAR
D since 1971
BEAR F Variant
0
3
1 1 5
1
1
1
3
BEAR F Variant
N
2
1 1 4
1
1
1
3
BEAR F Variant
4
2 6
1
1
1
3
BEAR F Variant M
1
1
1
3
C
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Ramenskoye Flight Test
Center
~~
v
~~ ~ ~~QQ
'~ ~ P
OP ~J ~~' ~J 4~ P
~0
~~ \~0 ~~
QJ p~~ ~~@ v
Q p Q~ ~Q
~ 0 m J~ ~J P ~ V
4 4 1
5 5 1
1 1
4 1 5 1
4 1 5
4 1 5 1
3 1 4 1
4 1 5 1
4 1 5 1
4 1 5 1
4 1 5 1
BISON
~0 ~0
Q~\~ O~~ ~~ Q~~
/~~ v QQ Q~ ~~ v
J~ tiJ Q 0 m ~ J? ~0
1 BACKFIREwith airframe,
t partially disassembled BISON B,
1 BEAR A with tail extension
5 3 1 4 1 BACKFIRE with airframe
part disassembled BISON.
5
3 1
4
3 1
5
2 1
airframe gone
airframe gone
airframe gone
airframe gone
airframe gone
airframe gone
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~~
v
P O~ ~~ O~Q~ P Q
0 ~ ~, v c P
~~
~~ \~p ~~
0 ~~ ~Q
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18 7
11 9
2 prob
18
9
prob
9
5 prob 9 4 D/F 26
27 DIF
13 9 2 D1F 27
3 prob
14 6 1 D/F 21
1
1
1
1
2
Partial coverage; 5% off frame
1
1
Scattered clouds and haze
1B
Haze; poor interpretability
1
1
1
1
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~0
0~ \~0 Q~~
~QQO ~0~ ~ Q
0 0 ~.
0 m J~ ~0 P
~~
v
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.~ 0~ P ~ Q
OP ~ ~~' VO QP P m
BISON
0 ~0
00 ~Q~
v ~ S
~ 0 ~ ~ J~ ~0 Q m 0 V J= ~0
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DATE COVER BACKFIRE BEAR BISON
~~
v
~~ 4~ ~~P
~ ~ P ~ Q
0~ ~0 ~~' OJ Q~ P
~0 ~0 ~0
m~ `~4 Q~ `~ Q~ Q0 ~~ Q'
~QQO ~00~ ~O ~ O~v ~p0~ ~0~ OP ~~ ~Q ~0~ OFy
0 0 ~ J ~ Q 0 V ~ 0 ~ Q J ~ P m 0 ~ J ~
10 22 32
37 DIF 37
46 DIF 46
Scattered clouds
Scattered clouds
Scattered clouds
Scattered clouds
Scattered clouds
Heavy clouds
Scattered clouds
22
43
24
46
18
42
5 prob
D
5
12
35
18
34
Scattered clouds; first sightings
of BACKFIRE here
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4 8 ii 4 6 33
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~0
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BISON
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ADV-2
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Top Secret RUFF
175. (TSR) The ADV-2 is aground-launched, air-breathing, aerodynamic cruise vehicle currently under-
going flight testing at Kapustin Yar Cruise Test Complex D, Site 1 (Figure 3). ADV-2-associated equipment has
also been observed at Ramenskoye FTC and at Akhtubinsk FTC.
176. (TSR) The intended function of the ADV-2 is still unclear. This ground-launched vehicle could be
used as a reconnaissance drone, an electronic counter-measures drone, or a cruise missile. However, an apparent
correlation exists between the ground-launched ADV-2 and the airborne,~BACKFIRE-mounted,
airframe observed at Ramenskoye and Akhtubinsk FTCs. This correlation suggests that ADV-2-related technol-
o~,ry (or perhaps the ADV-2 itself) is being used in an air-launched cruise vehicle development program.
177. (TSR) Three versions of the ADV-2 have been identified at Kapustin Yar. All three have a ~ ~ 25)(~
fuselage with adorsal-mounted air intake, positioned forward of the main 25X~
wings, and a single vertical stabilizer. The three vehicles differ from each other primarily in the design and
location of the various control lifting surfaces.
17K. (TSR) The ADV-2a, which was first imaged on has aft-mounted clipped delta wings
and two sets of foreplanes which have sharply tapered leading and trailing edges with rounded tips.
Top Secret
s-u~~ ~/wu 25X1
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Top Secret R U F F
179. (TSR) The ADV-2b was first observed on ~rnd has aft-mounted clipped delta wings 25X1
and a single set of foreplanes that have straight leading and trailing edges and are squared off at the tips.
180. (TSR) The ADV-2c, which had been tentatively identified as the ADV-3 on has a 25)(1
single set of foreplanes similar in appearance to those of the ADV-2b; however, the wings of the ADV-2c are of
a simple delta design and not the clipped delta observed on the other two versions.
181. (TSR) In addition to the three versions of the ADV-2, several support vehicles associated with this
program have been identified.
double-axle trailer of irregular confi oration. A
raised cradle (on which an ADV-2 would be placed) is center-line mounted on the trailer and is ~in
length and Din width. No blast shield deflector is on the launcher.
183. (TSR) The ADV-2 transporter is also a double-axle trailer which is normally canvas
covered. The canvas draped over a light framework gives this vehicle a ribbed appearance. This transporter is
often attached to a KRAZ-214255 prime mover.
184. (TSR) AOlong van trailer (most likely used for avionics guidance system checkout of the
ADV-2) has also been identified. This chamfered-roofed van trailer has a total of eight vents, four along each
side of the chamfered roof; and two box-like protrusions, one on the aft portion of the roof and one on the front
of the van/trailer. This ADV-2 checkout van trailer has also been associated with the Dairframe
mounted un a BACKFIRE B which has been observed at Ramenskoye FTC and Akhtubinsk FTC.
Historical Development
185. (TSR) The earliest observable evidence of the ADV-2 program was seen on imagery of
of the Ramenskoye FTC. An ADV-2 transporter and an ADV-2 checkout van/trailer were at
the southeast end of the Tupolev area on those dates. The first observation of ADV-2-associated equipment at
Kapustin Yar was on when an ADV-2 transporter was south of launch pad D-3. A probable
ADV-2 transporter was also at the ASM support facility of Akhtubinsk FTC on
186. (TSR) The first observation of an actual ADV-2 (a probable ADV-2a) on an ADV-2 launcher
at Kapustin Yar. The ADV-2a and launcher were on launch pad D-3 and, with
early as
few exceptions, have been observed there ever since.
187. (TSR) Although an ADV-2 checkout van/trailer was at Ramenskoye as early as 1974 and two such
vehicles were there on no ADV-2 checkout van/trailer was observed at Kapustin Yar until 25X1
The ADV-2 checkout van trailer remained at Kapustin Yar through 25)(1
188. (TSR) A second ADV-2 launcher was at Ramenskoye FTC on
launcher and an ADV-2 transporter were in the Tupolev area through
and a second ADV-2 transporter were subsequently observed at Kapustin Yar on
The canvas-covered
The second launcher
~ The second
ADV-2 launcher remained canvas covered and parked adjacent to the first ADV-2 launcher through
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189. (TSR) A second cruise vehicle, an ADV-2b, was first identified on ~ ~at Kapustin 25)(1
Yar. The ADV-2b was on the second ADV-2 launcher which had been moved to its firing position on the
northeast end o1~ the launch pad. An ADV-2b was subsequently observed here throughout the remainder of 1979
and early 1980. Only one ADV-2 transporter was at Kapustin Yar on However, same-day 25X1
coverage of the ASM Support Facility of Akhtubinsk FTC revealed the presence of another ADV-2 transporter.
An ADV-2 transporter was observed at Akhtubinsk on several subsequent coverages until 25X1
190. (TSR) On
Tupolev area of Ramenskoye FTC on
parked adjacent to the BACKFIRE-moo
airframe was originally observed in the
~an ADV-2 checkout van trailer was
ubinsk (Figure 4). The BACKFIRE B
with the airframe and an ADV-2 checkout van trailer may have been at Akhtubinsk as
however, this could not be confirmed because of poor image quality on that date. The
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The ADV-2 checkout van/trailer was at the area
191. (TSR) At Kapustin Yar an ADV-2c was first identified on
launcher previously used by the ADV-2b.
192. (TSR) During June 1980, the transfer of ADV-2 equipment from Akhtubinsk FTC to Ramensko e
FTC was observed. Two missile railcars were at Akhtubinsk~Vladimirovka ASM Support Complex on~
One of the railcars had an empty, extended transfer tray. In addition, a probable ADV-2 transporter was
adjacent to the new five-bay hangar at Akhtubinsk FTC. Aspecial-purpose train was on a rail siding at
Akhtubinsk on Components of the train included the two missile railcars observed at the ASM Support
Complex on and several flatcars, two of which carried ADV-2 checkout van/trailers. Two missile railcars
and two ADV-2 checkout van traders were in the Tupolev area of Ramenskoye FTC on Oln addition, a
BACKFIRE B with the airframe was also present. One of the two missile railcars was observed with
a probable ADV-2 on the extended transfer tray on
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Top Secret
25X1
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L~X1
25X1
25X1
s-oo3/H~~ 25X1
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Top Secret R U F F
193. (TSR) On ~ ~ three ADV-2 were observed at Kapustin Yar. An ADV-2a occupied the
original ADV-2a launcher. An ADV-2b was on the launch pad south of the ADV-2a. An ADV-Zc was on a
transporter behind the empty second ADV-2 launcher. On ~ only the ADV-2a was observed at
Kapustin Yar.
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Top Secret
Top Secret
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