JPRS ID: 8365 TRANSLATIONS ON EASTERN EUROPE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000100040001-5
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 44
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 1
• Content Type: REPORTS

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~~R O~~ICIAL US~ ~NLY
- .~t~~~ L/n3~5
- 2 ~p~i1 1~79
~
1'~ANS LAY I ONS ON EAStERN EUROPE
' ~CONOMIC AND INDUSTRtAL AFFAI~25 ~ ~ r
(FOUO 6/79)
U. S. ~OINT PUBLICATIONS ~ESEARCH SERVICE
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~to'r~ ~
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1'()1~ OI't~'1:CIAi, USl; r.~NLY
~tt~ L/~365
~ ~pri l 19 79
T` ~AN~LA1' I~NS ON EAS~`~ RN ~U ROP~
ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL AFFAIRS
~FOt~O 6/79)
� CONTENTS PAr~
~~,~.i~.ciia,~ovnn~ -
~ ~;u~,r~?,y T:~~lu~Lry [kvelopment Trendu Etevieaed
_ ( INVE:~rCNI VY~,'?VBA, No 11, lg'~�~) . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . 1
Therrn~il i'lt~nt bc~veloptr~nt, ~itin~;, by htircl Curin
i'rague-Lenin~rad besi~n Cooperation, by Jos~f
Neknlt~y
PJeW Plaut Designs, by ~aro~lav ~'ial~, J'iri Valagek
~N~7tGOpROJEF~ Pa~t, ~ture, by Vaclav Kripner
- a - ~III - EE - 64 F~UO)
F~JR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~
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CZ~CHOSLOVAKIA
~N~R~Y tNUUSTttY U~V~LOpM~NT TR~NDS It~VI~W~D
- 'I'hermal p1anC bevelopmenC, Siting _
i'rngue INVE57"_~NI VYSTAV$A in Cz~ch Nn 11, 1978 pp 353-357
[Article by ~ng Karel Curin: "prospects for Che bevelopmenC and the Siting
of Tl~erm~l I'ower F'lant Stations"J =
_ (Text~ Lon~-range Plang for I'ower Plant Development
In rec~nt yeurs axtensive and detailed analyCic~l studies have been drawn up
in the power industry tn serve as the basis for the formulatiun of basic de-
velopment plans covering specific time periods. These studieg }iave character-
- ized the power industry development plan ~nd have specified output demand
levels from the standpoint of the short-term, medium-term, and long-tet~n I
future. According to the prevailing view, the short-Cerm future repre-
~ents a period of about five years, i.e., the time frame of our five-year
plans, while the medium-term future covers a period of about 15 years and
the long-term future a perio~ ~f 25 year.s, i.E., from now until the year
2000 or 2005. However, it may be assumed that the l~ngth of these time
periods are subject to re-evaluation, since the pr~~ected time it takes to
build large-capacity nuclear pawer plants varies within a range of from 11
to 12 years. An awa~~ness of this fact should be reflected both in the pre-
limin~ry stages of capiCal spending, during the phrse when preliminary plans
anJ designs are being drriwn up, and also in the long-range plans of produc-
tive plants engaged in the manufacture of technological-equipmenC and con- _
titruction-equipn?ent ir,.atallation enterprises.
'fhe drafting of long-range resources development plgns is a wide-ranging and
responsib task. Work on the drafting of such plans must be based on an
awarenese of the prerequisites and of the factual interrelationships which ~
~ represent the sum total of the findings of the many analyses and plans drawn
up by other ministries or branch es Af industry. Specifically, these are the
primary duta that describe Che required increase in the output capacity of
the entire system of electric power generation and distrib ution, the
prospects for the acquisition of primary energy resources, the output
1
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1~'dk dF'~ICIN. U51: ~N1,Y -
- c~i~J lttdtullt~tidn ~npncitlrH dt CUt1gC~'UCt~dtl ~nt~r~rlq~g, gdvernm~nt-tn-g~v-
- ernment ~greemenCs on Coopergtion, siting posgibi.litie~, tt~~ gysimilc~tintt
of n~w cap~cities inen the generation nnd diqtributi~n ayse~m, nnd, fin~lly,
tl~e ettvirdnmenCnl impr~ct nf CnpiCt~l inv~qtmenry, including ehe mg~iner it~
which the probl~mg Creat~d by the dpmographic aud ~ocioiogical ~rnigequ~neeg _
_ capiCal constru~Cion pro.jectg are to be resolved. In lighC of th e dr~ft
~,lc~ny th~t have been drawn up with regard r.n the future deve~.opment of Che
Czechoslnvuk power industry it is nppurent thut there nre substcuitive nnd
qu.nntiearive differen.^.e~ of opinion gs to ehe rexl prvspect~ for thig de-
velopment. 'Itl~.s is du~ ro ehe increnges in uniL performnttc~ ruting~ t~nd,
in pgrticul~r, due tn the modificaCion ~f the pr.im+~ry en~r~y re~ources in-
frnsCrucC+ire.
- A transieion is c~king place, and this ig in line with tlie worldwide trend
Ch~t ig tglcing p lace in the developed in~ustrinl count.ri~s, th~C favore the
= Increased urilization of nucleur ~ower. For thia r~ason, the construction
of nuclear powQr planCa is turning out to be tt~e cornerstone of plans for
tl~e development of t~ur power indusCry. At Che qame tim~, however, it must
be realized that no fundamental change in the ~tructt~re of power generation
- re:~ources wi11 occur before th a end of the 20th century. tt thereforu fol-
lnws th~~t during thi~ transiCianal period we must continue to build con-
vential, solid-fuel-fired thermal pvwer plants, and we musr, do 9A to whnt- -
~;vcr extent is permitted by the producCion capacitieg rf solid-fuel-produc-
tiig indu3tries. As fnr ~g power plnnts fired by refined fuels are concerned,
it is not possi'ule at this time to foresee what ~will actually happ~n with
re~ard to prosX~ects for the procuremettr of these reftned fuels.
~stimates of c'iemand levels for increased pvwer plant outpuC and current
knc~wledge about primary anergy resources were set fort}~ in the working
papers submitted for discussion at the highest level of party nnd state
~ organs. The total output capacities specified in these recommendationa con-
sist of the pro~ected output capaciCies of thermal potaer plants Chat were
~ built and started up during the course of the 5ixth ~ive-Year E'lan c~nd the
output capacities of power planta slated to go into service by 1990.
~t~e electric demand forecast pl~n pro~ects a basic electric power consumption ~
level of 135 TWh by 1990. This proj~ct~d consumption level an~.i time frame
proved to be the most imp~rtant factor that wav taken into cor,sideration in
determining the voltane of new power plant g~nerating capacities that should
be brougt~t on line by 1990. The appropriate volume is se: at, about 14~000 -
MW, i.e., the sum total of increase in pawer plant generatin~s capacity that -
will be brought on line during the Sixth~ Seventh, and Eight',~ Five-Year
- i'lans. In accordance with resolution No 21/1978 of the government of the
CSSR the projected increment in nuclear pawer plant generatiiig capacity will
Funount to 3,520 MW during the Seventh Five-Yes~r Plan and 5,760 MW during th e _
Eighth Five-Yaar Plan. At the same time, mc~re aacurate versions of these
forecasts are ~being drawn up in light of the ongoing ver~fication of demand
2
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I
~'0~ O~~ICIAL U5~ tlNLY
1~v~1~, ~nd b~g~d dn th~gp r~gult~ ~~t~~it~ revi~i~mg, whiGh wi11 na~ b~ Ed~
r~diC~l houev~r, m~y be m~d~ in th~ pl~.
In nb~dlut~ e~t1m~ fhig mg~or incr~~~~ in ~~n~~r~t~ng ~~p~City Wi~i b~ ci~~riy -
refl~eeted ehr~u~h~ut the G~~chogldv~lc pow~r g~en~r~ting gy~eem. And ie ig ~t
thi~ pnine th~t th~ probl~m a~ th~ ~iting df p~w~r pi~tte~ ~~n~~ ed eh~ Eor~-
frnnt gg ~ v~ry imp~rtgnt f~ceor itt m~pping ouC the groweh ~ergC~gy o~ ouY
pow~r indugtry.
pi~ttr Siting Prer~quigit~ gnd Crit~eri~
in e~rn?q df ehe numb~r of fe~~ib1~ 1oe~eicm~ ~dr th~ giting uf 1~r~~ indug-
~ri~l plantg, ~ c~~etnry in ahich pt~er plgntg mogt ~ertgin1y belong, the
phy~ic~l geogrgphy of the C55~t ig ndt very guie~bie due tn high u~rbgn pdpu-
lntion d~ngieieg and th~ intengiv~ cultivatinn of th~ gdil by ggriCUlture, in
gdditinn Co bging due to tl?e high den~iCy of exi~ting indu$rri~l pl~t~ ~nd,
nbove all, the relative unguitgbillty of the Cerr~in. 'It~i~ gitu~tion giveg
rig~ tn yome problen~ Chat are very difficult to regolve wh ~ it romeg td
- tlfe siting of thermal power plants. The task of ~electing locationg that
, ~~re gen~rally feasible fnr the giting nf power plgnts has been gddregsed in
the past gnd ig being address ~d now by TERPLAN--the etate instit~te for
l~nd-u~e planning, which is gupposed to f.ulfill thig tagk in re~ponee to
the goals set for the powpr industry at the ministerial level. Locations
tiave been recoarmended for th e siting of power planty on the basie of the
numerou~ reportg prepared by TEItPLAN in which the auitability of various
arens was tested and verified in a systematic manner.
The pawer industry has s elected some of the recommended locations a9 sub��
jects for the preparation of long-range land-usa engineer.ing etudiea, which
will ~erve as tre ~+asis for the drafting and publication of a capital con-
struction plan. Thesz studies are prepared by the design and engineering
organization ENERGOPROJEKT, which even during the preliminary planr.ing atage
will make a ma~or contribution tc? the formulation of future cgpital con-
struction plans. "'-Q scope and 1eve1 of this documentation is determined
at the concern 1~ ;y directive No 7/1976 isaued by the general director-
ate of th e Bohemian Power Plants Concern in Prague.
- Th e selection of p lant sites and the confirmation of investment pro~ect
feasibility during the preliminary planning phase requires that from the
very outs et ~11 work should be performed in a maainer that consistently
abides by the princip~e of comprehensiveness and that Reneral public inter-
ests should be taken into account both by the pawer i.ndustry and also by
all other concerned decision-making organs and o:ganizations. Th ese prior-
ities were clearly acknowledged in the effort that was made to draw up uni-
versally valid criteria to govern the aiCing of power plants. In the case
of conventional power plants such site ~electton criteria ha~ve not yet been
published, nor is it likely that ehey will be published at any time in the
near future. In the past, and at the present time as weil, a basic
3
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~
methudi~~1 ~pprt~nch ig in use Whteh fdr ~11 pr~~tic~1 purpdge~ ig tgnt~-
motint tio a~et nE bagin ~ite gele~ti~n ~rit~ria. 1ligtari~~lly, th~ mt~gf
tmpdtt~nt ~ri~erf~ u~e~f to govern th~ si~in~ df ttui~le~r pijw~~r p~~ntg t~~g
b~en tti~ d~e~rmtn~eidn tt~~t ~uch pi~ntg gheuid b~ LdCtltecl ~ gpecifi~d di~-
~ tanc~ ~,?~y frdm residentt~l ar~~s ga gs t~ provid~ for the prnt~Ceidn nf
ttre lnc~l papul~ti~n. 5ittce thi~ appra~ch fgil~d in prin~iple tn reg~lv~
the ~rbb 1em of hcrtr td provide fnr th~e ccxnpl~ep prdteeri~n nf ehe living ~n- _
vironment, ndt to mentidn the faGt th~t it cuuld nnt bc ~pplipd in n country
ai th ~ lgnd ar~~ gg gmnll ds that of ttie GS5tt, it prt~ved td be neceggg~y? tn
take a tte~r appro~~h~ A~yqte m of criteri~ N~g d~velop~d for th~ sieing of
nuClear power p~gntg th~e gddregsed rhig igque not juge gerieGly from rf,e
gtnndpdint of g~f~ty, but ~1ga in th~ brdgd s~n~e frdm the genndpoinr of
lnnd-u~e plgnning criteria. `I'his gygtem W~g bgged nn the exp~ri~nc~ th~e
~+~y g~ined in ~onttectidn with work on site pianning fot~ lerge-gc~1~ indug-
trial plnnt~, especia~lly ronventinngl power plantg, ~nd ~1so in acmnectinn
with the g~leceion of gite~ fdr the con~tru~tion of the fir~t Vt?~tt-440-~ype ~
nuclenr pdwer plentg. The firse ~ffieinl dnCUm~nt af this ryph wgg igsued
by the ~edergl Ministry of ~u~l~ ~nd Pcjw~r in cnoperation with th~
Czedioslov~k Acomic ~nergy Cottmi~si~n in i?~cemb~r 1972. 'Ihis dncument was
s~pers eded in Augugt 1976 by univergally valid gaf~ty regulnCions ie~ued by
tt~e Czeclio~lovak Atomic ~nergy Conmission under the hending "Criteria for
the 5iting of Nucle~r ~'ower Installationg." Nowever, the criteria gpelled -
out in this dncument and, Where gpplicable, Che fu.ifillmenC of these
c:rieeria dn t~ot gupergede the ~ite selectidn statements roade by com~etent
r~Eficinl bndi~s thar nre required pursugnt to the provisions of existing
Czechc~~lavak law (e.g., the decree of the ~ederal Ministry. of Technologi-
cal and Investment Development published in 5BIEtKA 2AK(~;v~ No 163-1973 con-
cerning consttuction project documentation).
These criterin are us ed to evaluate the guitability of plant sites from the
_ following basic viewpoints:
--the technical feasibility of the construr.tion and operation of nucleur
power inst~llations, -
--protection of the natural and living environment~
--th e relative social benefits to be derived from using proposed ~~nstruc-
tion sites for other purpos es,
--the economic efficiency of the construction and operation of such in-
stallations.
in principle, thes e criteria consist of two basic groups which are:
--exclusionary (classes I and II)
--and relative (for economic and othar reasons). ~
4-5
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~ ro~z c~~rtr,rn~, us~. ONi.v
.
- Lt l~ ay:~umed Cha~ th~we criCeric~ wi11 be sup~~lemented f?nd updn~ed a~ re- _
quir~d by Che prevuiling level of scien~ific ~u1d teclinicni knowlcdge and
th~ ptiysage of new law~.
TI~~ mogt impor.t~nt criteria are rtie classwI exclus~unary criCerin whicti -
prt~clude Cti~ c~ngtructi.on nf nuclear power plncir9 in zones cohich ttre: -
--:~ub;j~ct t~ intensive landsltdes,
-~pr.~esently undeYmined or slated to ba undermined ln Che Euture, _
-~cl~g;~ifie~l aq nuture pre;~erves,
--clasyiEied ~ haviug a seiemicity raCing of VIII� biC5 [expansion unknown]
or higher,
--designated as prntected areas for the cultivat:tun of natural medicines,
--In which as a result of the normal operation oE nticle3r power plants it
would noC Ue possible to prevent excesaive radiation dosa~es for indtvidu-
- 71s in accord~nce the relevanC decrees of the minisCries of health of. the
C5K and S5K nnd where, in the event of a plant accident, radiaCion dosages
m