JPRS ID: 8651 WORLDWIDE REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000100090010-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 28
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 10
• Content Type: REPORTS

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~ ~ ~ TY

ii SEPTEMBER i979 CFOUO 8l79) i OF i
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F'012 OFY~IC'IAL USF, bN1,Y
JPRS L/8651
11 September 1979~
.
Worldwide Re ort
p
ENVIRONMENTAL QUAIITY
CFOUO 8/79)
FBIS FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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JP12S L/8651.
ii septa~ar is 79
WORLDWIDE REPORt
ENVtRONMEN`fAL ~UALITY
cFOVO s/79)
, -
~ CUNTENTS ~AGE
.
Asza
JAPAN
Briefs ~
Laboratory Pollution 1
EAST EUROPE
GERMAN DEI~CRATIC REPUBLIC
New Law on Transporting Radioactive Materials Discuased
(W. Birkigt, et al.; ISOTOPENPRAXIS, Feb-Mar 79).......... 2
WEST EUROPE
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Synopsis of West European Environmental Pro~Qstion Efforts
(FUTURIBLES, May 79) 12
- a - [III - v~1W - 139 FOUO~
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JAPAN
BRIEFS
LAI30RATORY POLLUTION-�-The Tokyo Merropolitan ~overnmenC t~as ordered
Aoyama Gakuin UniversiCy to improve iCs drainage facilities, finding Char
Che university was discharging waste water ~onraining mercury and lead
beynnd permissible levels, iC was disclosed Friday. Chemical laboraCories _
nt Che Science attd Eugineering Uepartment of the university were found
, discharging mer.cury 2.6 times Che allowable level of 0.005 parts per
mi~.lion (ppm) a:?d lead 1.4 times its permissible sr.andard of 1 ppm at
drainpipes on the campu~. 7'he meCropolir.an government's Bureau of
Environmental Protecticn called. university execuCives Co its ofEice
Thursday and instructed them tn correct the situation by Janunry nexC
year. It was tho first time that such an instrur.tion had been issued
t~ an educatioual institutioci, on thP basis of Che law concerning the
prevenCion of wat~r pollution. There are eight chemical la'~oraCories at
rhe university's Science and Engineering Department and they are dis- `
charging 265 tons of waste water on the average a day into nearby Meguro
River, according ::o meeropolitan environment ofEicials. (TexC]
[Tokyo THE JAPAN TIMES in English 21 Jul 79 p 2]
CSO: 5000
1
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GEItMAN D~MOCE2A7'IC 1t~PUBLIC
NEW I.AW ON TI2ANSPORTING RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS bI5CUSSED
Gast I3erl.in ISOTOPENPRARIS in German Vo1 15 No 2-3, Feb-Mnr 79 pp 70-73,
man~script rer.aived 20 Sep 78
[ArCicle bv ;~1. Birkigt, C. Mueller, and F. Nitsche, GDR State Office for
Atomlc safety nnd Radiation Protection. W. BirkigC is also a member of
Che Commission for Transport of bangerous Goods, GbR Ministry for Trans-
portation: "On the IntroducCion of the New 'Order on the Transportation
of Radioactive Materials--ATRS
[Text]--INIS DE5CRIPTOR5:
German Democratic Republic; IAEA; international regulations; packaging; ~
packaging rules; radioactive materials; transport regulations
0. Introduction
The "Order on the Transporeation of Radioactive Materials--ATRS" 1-4 has ~
long served as legal basis for tf~e solution o� the packaging and trans-
port problems in nuclear technology in the GDR. A revision and a restate-
ment is now needed, because both the international regulations, which were
published by the Atomic Energy Authority (IAEA) in Vienna,5 and other
national and international regulations for the car~iers on the transport
of dangerous goods exist in a different form, or have recently been
revised. .
For example, the regulations RID~` and ADR were issued in 1977, and SMGS
Appendix 4 Table 10 on 1-4-1978. The national regulations TOG, SFO and
. OLTG, which must always be observed and applied in association with the
ATRS, will presumably be published in a revised form in 1979.
A report is given below on the new edition of the ATRS,6 which came into
, force on 1 August 1978, and its relationships to international and inter-
national regulations, as well as its significance for the transport of
radioactive materials in the GDR.
* The expansions of the abbreviations will be given in the Appendix.
2
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1, 'I'he IA~;A I2egulnCion~ of 19737
" The ggfeCy prittcj,ple~ for ehe Ttegulat~.ons for Che Safe Tranypart o� kgdio-
uctive mnreri~ls of the IALA were not modified ln the revised 1973
edition.
By menns of suiCabl~ regulnt~.ons, rhe tr~nsport of radioactive materials
wi11 be organized in such a w~y ehae ie would dif�er ~s little ~~s pnssi-
ble frnm Che erangpore of oCher dangerous goods. The hazards induced by
rndioactive and fissile maCerinls are: `
--exrern~l irradiation
--internal irradiaCion rhrough inhalation, ingestion or wound conCamina-
tion in case of emergence of radinactive materials from Che packages
--criCicaliCy
--henC evolution in case of highly.acCive maCerials.
The regulations should protecC the population, the eransport personnel and
� Che environment from the hazard~ of radiation and criticality. This pro-
tection is Co be achieved by the combination of:
--limitation of the package contents as a function of the type and activ- �
ity of the content
--package construction, and
--simple instructions for the handling, sCorage and loading or stowage
during transport,
while in the regulations, concreCe indications ~re furnished on the shield-
ing and permissible equivalent dose rates, the safe seal of the radioactive
material, the evolution uf heaC and safeCy under the aspect of criticality.
The regulations contain provisions for the construction and tests on pack-
aging and packages, and instructions on the necessary licenses.
The following modifications or supplements were introduced in the 1973 IAEA
Regulatians:
1. Differentiation in the group reclassification of radionuclides in indi-
vidual values A1 and AZ for each radionuclide; A1 and A2 are the maximum
permissible activities for a package of the type A, while Al is for mater-
ials in a special shape and A2 for any materials. Other limit values are
expressed as fractions or multiplPs of A1 or A2.
2. Subdivision of thP materials of low specific activity into I and II
(low specific activity material-LSA I and LSA II;.
3. lntroduction of low-level solid radioactive materinl (LLS).
3
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G. It~troduCrion O~ ~f1CIG.l~By o� Che Cype 13(U) nnd B(M), which indicares
Ch~~ marlcin~s Fnr .large ;~ource; U means uni].atc:rnl, that is, ,~t package
of thr. typ~ E3(U) requ[r.es in inCernatiional trnnsport only un3laeeraL
~ip~~rov.~1. on the part oC competent authoriCiea o� the country of origin,
M me~ns mult:i].,xter.~]., th~r is, n pucka~e of the type g(M) requlres
approval fr.am ehe .iuthorities of. a11 the countries involved in the tranq-
port.
5. rsC~bl~.shmcn~ of. rhe tr~nyport inde:c as equivnlent dose rare at :1 m
di.stanr_e Erom tlie outside of thr. package, inste~d nf 1 m from Che center,
6. Incre~se of rhe maximum perm:'.ssible transport index of the catesory -
I I-CI:LB f rom 0. 5 to .l .
7. Increase of ~he maximum pcrmissible equivalent dose rate on the out-
side of the packages frocn 200 mrem/h to 1000 mrem/h for transports as
sealed loads wiCh additi~nal conditians.
8. Lntroduction of the :larse container (freight container) concept, and
the instructions relaeed therewith for the Cre~nsport index.
9. List of special examples for package specimen for fissile matE:rials
(for NSK II and III) (N5K = nuclear safety class).
10. Cstabl.ishment oE a code for license characeeris~i.cs.
11. Further modifications of details, such as for example, the inrroduc-
tion of alpha emitters of. low eoxicity and hisher limits for natural und
depleted uranium, as well as natural thorium in respect of the permissi-
ble surface contamination.
2. Revised Draft of ATRS
The revfsed draft of the ATR5 is character.ized by the following facts:
--The modifications oE tl~e IACA prescriptions were introduced;
--The ATRS No 1 and No 2 were combined;
--In accordance with the GDR Standard "Units of Physical Quantities,"
the 5I units were introduced, while approximation was carried out accnr.d-
ing to the precision of the previous units, and the old units were indi-
cated in parentheses after the new SI units.
The main structure and the basic classification of the former ATRS No 1
was maintained. The new edition contains the sections
--I. Range of Validity and Review of the Tr~~ns~ort Measures
--II. Classification of the Radioactive Materials for the Transport
--III. Requirements for Packaging and P~ckages
--IV. Requirements for the Transport
--V. Regulations for License, Obligations for Warning and Information
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rotz orr~c~~, us~ orrLY
_ --VC. ~xtir~nrdin~try ite:~ults in the TransporC nf Radio~ceive M~tier3xls
--VII. Tr~nlEic ~xl:endin~ Over the Borders into OCher CounCries
--VIII. penulCies