THE NEED FOR HIGH-GRADE AND RAPID REPAIR WORK ON POWER EQUIPMENT FOR USSR INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600360470-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 21, 2011
• Sequence Number: 470
• Publication Date: November 30, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
SUBJECT Scientific - Electricity, industrial
power equipment
HOW
PUBLISHED Monthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Moscow
DATE
PUBLISHED Feb 1950
LANGUAGE Russian
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING TAE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF TAE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANIN. OF ESPIONAGE ACT SO
U. S. C.. E ANO SE. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
OF IT5 CONTESTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO-
VISITED ST LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1950
DATE DIST._3, Nov 1950
NO. OF PAGES 3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Promyshlennaya Energetika, No 2, 1950 pp 1-3,
THE NEED FOR 11!01T-GRADE AND RAPID REPAIR WORK ON PO ~:R EQUIPviEN
FOR USSR INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Large modern and technically advanced industrial and power enterprises
have been built up in the Soviet Union at an unprecedented rate, and further
progress is still being made. Soviet industry is today operating at a higher
level of efficiency than before the war. Improvements both in quantity and
quality are taking place all the time; new techniques, automatic machines,
the mechanization of heavy industry, and the use of modern equipment are all
playing their part in improving production and reducing costs.
The initiative and creative work of the Soviet people, manifested in the
Bolshevist drive for the further development of our national economy, have
revealed new reserves and resources for our socialist industry. The introduc-
tion of modern and advanced, techniques has led to a completely new working
routine. Each productive phase is now regulated according to a.rigid work
pattern. In these conditions, systematized operation and preventive mainte-
nance on equipment constitute important factors in the continuous operation of
machinery and the reduction of industrial costs in our socialist enterprises.
The system of rational operation and planned preventive maintenance for
industrial equipment was first set up by Soviet .scientists, engineers; and
Stakhanovites and the resulting great contribution to the national economy has
amply 'Justified its use. This system could only be used in the Soviet Union,
where the national economy is developed according to a fixed plan.
The planned preventive maintenance.system for equipment consists of a se-
ries of measures for idling units, inspecting and repairing them, to prevent
premature deterioration, breakdowns and unnecessary stoppages, and generally,
to maintain machinery in first-class condition and constant operational readi-
ness. Our leading enter,-rises have achieved considerable savings in labor s d
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repair costs by introducing progressive technological methods and by mechaniz-
ing repair processes. Proper organization of repairs enabled these enterprises
to maintain their electrical equipment in continuous operation and to increase
their service life.
In the "Electrosila" Plant imeni S. M. Kirov, of the Ministry of Electrical
Industry, an excellent system exists for the repair and servicing of electrical
equipment, and time charts for inspection, preventive maintenance, and general
overhaul are carefully kept for all machinery. Inspections are designed to re-
veal defects and eliminate small faults, such as badly connected or sagging
leads, dirty contacts, breaks in the grounding system, faulty switches, and
badly fastened protective covers. Data and results of each inspection are en-
tered in a special ledger.
Preventive maintenance includes the changing of certain components such as
bearings, switchboard leads, contacts, studs, and protective ..overs, the test-
ing of wiring and grounding insulation, the checking of local lighting circuits,
and other operations connected with the repair of technological and productive
equipment. Information on preventive maintenance work is entered on data cards
for each piece of equipment.
General overhauls of electrical equipment are carried out according to a
specific pla% based on the Ministry's over-all annual equipment repair plan.
This takes into account the time the equipment has been operating, defects al-
ready made good during the operational period, and the probable wear and tear
sustained during the year, The plan covers repair organization and techniques,
the setting up of repair staging; the supply of spare parts, materials, instru-
ments, and technical documents; mechanization and labor-saving methods, the use
of rapid repair practices, the complete testing of repaired equipment, the in-
struction and training of repair personnel, the system of payment for work, and
the use of mass-production methods and technology.
The Moscow "Serp i Molot" Plant, the Automobile Planti imeni Stalin, the
Gorkiy Automobile Plant imeni Molotov, the Ural Machine-Building Plant, and many
other leading enterprises have also made considerable progress in the repair of
power equipment.
When repairing electrical equipment, it is most important that wide use be
made of the latest technical achievements, the most advanced insulating materi-
als (glass fiber, viniflex, heat-resistant synthetic coatings, insulating var-
nishes made from silicon organic compounds etc.), and new meth:;ds of drying,
heating, testing, and control.
Periodical conferences of power engineers play an important part in pro-
mulgating the latest information on the repair of electrical equipment. A
special scientific and technical conference on this subject was convened at
the end of December 1949 to discuss the introduction of new electric machine
construction techniques, new types of electric machines, and an analysis of
breakdowns in electric machines and transformers. The following repair organi-
zations gave details of their experience: Soyuzenergoremont (All-Union Power
Equipment tepair Organization, Moscow Power Egiipme Repair Organization, Bu-
reau of Heavy Machine Repairs of the Ministry of Electrical Industry, Power
Equipment Repair Trust, and others. The conference also discussed the need to
increase the quality of insulation and to organize the rapid repair of elec-
trical equipment. Resolutions taken at this conference will assist plant en-
gineers to improve their repair organization, and use the experience of the fore-
most repair services in their own enterprises.
When working out plans for the reconditioning of power equipment, all avail-
able information and theoretical material must be taken into account. For exam-
ple, it is known that the most common defects in electrical machines are damaged
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s:ut;:r windl.nge (30.40%), damaged rotors and damaged exciters (25-306).
The retraining defects norra_ily occur in bearings, excitation circuits, etc. An
analysis of motor defects indicates that damage to the windings results from the
following causes: two-phase operation due to absence of protection from over-
loading; increased humidity and dust content inside the premises, operation of
electric motors in a high ambient temperature; unsatisfactory insulation; low
quality of co'.ering and impregnating varnishes.
Many enterprises have cnmplained. c:f the following: poor quality of Types
PE and PEI, enamel insulation for windings; poor quality of various varnishes,
particularly Types 1154, 316, 319; unsatisfactory construction of starting de-
vices; poor quality of contactors which do not make the necessary number of con-
nections; poor quality of rheostats in which the resistors frequently burn out.
There have also been many complaints abc.mt the unsatisfactory construction of
Type RBA drives. The cover and casing of the drive are not tight and the engag-
:ng gear is badly made and often fails to connect. These and similar faults,
together with the production of second-grade devices and'mechauisms, have an ad-
verse effect on the repair of equip:;:ent and lead to time losses and extra repair
requirements. Our Soviet electrical industry, which produces the best electric
machines and apparatus in the world, can and must eliminate these faults in the
production of equipment and materials.
Power engineers have also submitted a number of requi.rementa to the elec-
trical industry, the most important of which are: organized mass production of
complex high- and low-voltage distribution equipment, transformer and converter
substation aeccmb:ies, capacitor assemblies, automatic and telemechanic devices,
dry transformers with heat-resistant and noninflammable- insulation, breakers for
electric furnaces, socket and plug-type inertia cut outs, concentric stranded
cable for high-frequency machines, motor driven meggers, active and reactive
power meters, static capacitors, new types of electric motors, and apparatus and
instruments for relay protection.
A more thorough inspection system to ensure that high-grade repairs are be-
ing made should be accompanied by well-organized and systematic instruction of
servicing and repair personnel. In many enterprises, a special journal is kept
in which inspectors of the Chief Engineer's Section note any infringement of the
rules governing the operation and repair of power equipment. Suggestions for
eliminating existing faults and improving repair work can also be inserted in
this journal. These notes enable the repair services to evaluate the condition
of equipment and to make spare parts and new material available in good time.
Periodical government inspections and the development of friendly socialist
competition between operating and repair personnel play an important part in im-
proving repair work. Basic changes in industrial equipment, and the ever-
increasing importance of electrification, call for a corresponding improvement
in repairs and operation, and -a the economic indexes of the repair services.
The planned preventive mains.'nance system must be further improved and such
faults as unfulfilled norms for spare parts and overcomplicated records must be
eliminated.
The system of planned periodical maintenance of power equipment should be
based on the experience of the most advanced repair services and the widest
promulgation of the most modern methods of operation and repair.
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