THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY OF SOVIET ANIMALS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030287-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 2, 2011
• Sequence Number: 287
• Publication Date: December 13, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

CLASSIFICATION ce:4'~.,~*,~~ra;?
.~
CENTRr1L INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
111A~OF~PV~A~`t?Al ~i~la~RT
SUBJECT `Phe Livestock Innu~try oY uSo?riet Arm=:nia
?l ACE
ACCUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
DATE DISTR. r'3 llama /~. ' 25X1
N0. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
THIS IS UNE1'ALUATED INFORMATION
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There xere oonaiderable n'anbers of sheep and cattle, Tna
goat, hog, and horsepo~?ulations vers much smaller. 'There xas rslatt~~ely 1it~:l.~
poultry and no special poultry Sarma anywhere is r'~rmsaia
There v>r~e ao sihai~leaat reg'~aaal diit~rences sclthin Armenia. Cattlr.
wrsre divided into classes 4?B, sad C for elar~htering purpna~s. Clsae A
ca+tle t+~ere slaughtered at b00-l,CCp pounds and yie3.d~d 6bout 60~i dreueed
meat. Class B ca*.tle xere slau~tered at 450-800 pauads sad yielded vbout
4C;~ dressed meat. C7.a~s C catt:.e, thin and usually eic]r, cattle phicb ha.~Y
to i'K slaughtered, xrre taken at 300-450 pounds sad Yiel3ed 35-37~ dreee~ed
meat. (Armenian cattle are small but the etoc~ ores be
is 1940 as the result of breeding with 8viss " " ginn~8 to improve
btsviag the Striss !+ Bti'~' cattle. The il8tift was
ells at a cost of ~ to 5 thousand apiece. Beginning
in 1937 nearly nil Armenian cattle vere bred anly by artificial insemi;a:,ioa,
with the imported Sv1se bu11s usually providing the semen. p~acu3.ation was
in3uasd thzough the use of rsa artificial vagina, and one e~aculatian
6~iYt_-ea t'csr the 9.sspregnetion of 20 to 22 cattle. The sam~a wc~ stored in
parattiu-sealed oontwin.ra :^.d a?iy~ ;v inse~iaation centers. ~H sy-item
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reduci~ic+ent and highlyo~eve?-sped and had the additiottal advantage of
ng he incidencq/~3, ease through coataat. 1~}r 1940 artiticinl
~,tf(~mirni;in~ O: C~.*o ~aa ii1 ~+9.deapread use throughout the U?$H and
especially in Armenia and Oaorgia Mhere the local cattle trore generally
sma11 sad unproductive.) Other livestock vera not divideel into classes
yield~~tering. Hogs were slaughtered at as average of shoat X00 pouada,
iaB nearly 8S'~ dressed meat. yep asd goats averaged about lUO
pounds at sinughter and yielded ~ dressed neat. 'sae alau~stering of goats
xas irregular and never very considerable.
Five goats vere sla ~ na a reugh average
ughtered to every lOA sheep, Poul'~y,
o'c a r induats?
Poultry vas raised, butchered, and marketed
on an individua sad email-scale b,.,i.-
20C~ ~_~;,"500
. ~~, .600 600
bloat ot.t~2si~ mash ~~, to the arm~r.aad
~.. ~~.:. _,y ~ _..... ~;e~
.. auo +ac~ O~,L2a%"0.' ~@ Y~c Almost
none of it vent lato Ar~,syi~ hod
msrteta., -
Zhe Yersvaa 6laughtsrhouse
~e Kaz?aklie BLuahterhouea
7!~ ~htar~;1Q miles IdW d'1' 1'brtvati)
o ~e
? S?-~ ~ ? ~ ~ so.~o
~?'~? ~ 'f-l0
~ SO S-3
~s of bhe emsll toms o! ~avia~ AaM~ia hid w~,~, e
~faere 33neaboek Mae ~1as~bberra Tor Zoal vane L~i~~u'
in a boMx o#' 10,000~uLb~th tPebtld aver t~blobt' /Y e7~at~btAa+h~tbae
sad om or boo bode. All bhe 1~ve14eei b~ aar~ ~,,l~w eattas, x.80 elbelp~
aLu~bberSai. ~' 3ad~ii~4ed' berme
Aboub lO~ Mae ae+aed ~ Tb, ~atlr~~rt ~i ~ . ~, ? .'.
o~aoed beeab ~ Mss 'bw! M3b1b ,~ ~'~ >~e~ ~ '~ '
el~aed. , ~,~ a~ itr~' S~ ~ ~~;~r'A. never
9ilab, Mw bibs .aeam,Y des eb~iba w~ eOedW~1!'o1f ~.:~~>I~T .
m ~ brieb Arwta >~ a atiea e! thso~. and ~ La7,! idiiiea.
= do sob rewdber ?ba+ria~, ewr NarA eye slab up- ~e o~i 'tet~Y ~~
oobseueybloa hub Z Mou3~d e~ittiate fiat !~ h!~etet et~f brb~: ~a .~
li~ L~ peon. ~i-e tarsa?e ate ae wb dtisia~ lie end ,app ~r
more b'han bt~io bime. '~ ` 4t~mt at :aa ;y+,~;~c~ ~v~zmpr ! ~ ? libble
taix~ pourde o. meat ~' moali. 'fibs Ma~rlaee Ls ble oitiee abe
~emotbnbe o! sash aelL beo~st ~ ibe s~taraw be qbe !ice
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^he on1;r mover.~ent o li:?estock and livestwcl: products in and out ,
Armenia consisted of the cattle i~aPorted fron Turkey and slai~l:tare88o,~-et
for the Host nsrt, b~? the Federal 21cat Trast at I.enina?;~, Aa a
inriicated, :zos+, o_ this near was shipped elsewhere and .:ed n~hilread;,r
xith the eco ,off of Soviet n~'i o do
,i+O
cattle at the rate cf 5^ t
he USgR wae
im
o
~
t
~
e
'
~
.
p
o
r
i
+; Ta;
0
houssad A
;:ish
slauUi.terel - : Soriet Armenia for Jea. ' Z'hese cattle wez'e
geographical reascns alone,
The ether "'" ?~~c tine local varlet;; nixed yrith Swi
5~'~ were called
~~
ss
Grrman Rea Cattle", a small breed intr~uced
original!;/ by Cr:rman settlers in Arneaia.
cf rc;,tgt11;,~ 50~; of the local (Caucasian t, The sheepg>pulation consisted
lar8e fat tail. The other 0 /Pe) 10~e'haired breed with a
marinos and "precos" 5 ~ cf +,he sheep population were i,>rported
Coll (Phonetic for A-"menian name). Thore
ective fa^ms fcr raising thedr Ah~~., r__ were epbciel
1935 e11 the hogs ir. Soviet Armenia were of1ouAe wool industry, A1`tnr
black hogs wesa all sl? ~ aide origin
i'h
t
.
r domestic
p~'e rite Ukrainian ho~
ered be,~ween ig30 and 1935 end replaced bf ia~orted
(0rQ :kotp the 8 (excelled for bacon) an4 the long.oered Yorkshires
which yield a
~
V~there
d
_
?y eat
war approxizZate
eal os~,t,
- oviet Armenia in 1940. ~ ear" awaber9 of these twC Y,r; aeda~
(e) Cattle (na itgporta
t
n
diltittoticn xr! trade bebMOea beef aadb~iry aabtle~
c~oet were clod Sor Lath aureola!
Auguotr and 9categb
a bhe asouabaia
)
~
~
er, ~lSere 1!
e during ,poi ~~,~
e
ol
nt
i'ho cattle ~nre brou8ht book at the end o! 97'abla oa bhe Armenian ~+unaaiao.
unheabed barn!, Tha feed Burl ~ ember and Mere oheltioroa is
aatbonleed nake~
14
i
h
.
sa oaken M
re lbo:ed ;~
~ai~R~roomeood~~ininihbhe
bin!' ~e xheab i+~a! ltaoked ?utlide bhe tiara! ~ ~' and
and rema.,ned ~heb taadt~r
itr auvering oi' laov- an4 ioe is bhe wi.34er, 'hse e$aok! wre Doti ~nbo ab
+he boa a! b;netgy Ma! a+~eded sad bhere ~+ae wry 1i~$k tf~E6e#~e,
inah~ ~4ineb bhe laax ar;~t iai, robbed bu$ $he rte$ !b d ~+* be
~ ~~d'~ a hall'
(b) Qaabo aesd eheol+ wore kerb $?go$kor and 11+~'A1~9~iS all 0:~ ~QV'6~
'rere a1xgY! Qa bhe ova; fey Waled oa $hQ aaout~b~n~ rr~ea #~a? ~~i~t~elil?
were hob sad moved ~s'adua3,ly doxa bhe saouabair~! a! too t o
uadtr, No m~s.made !betties Ma! ~ ~ mere !tu-wa
` on bra!!, '.edve~o and kalelau$!,'~o~~ded far !boon msui d'oa$!. 'Il~ey ~d
barYey and oobboa i'ieid! wture dur~i'ber ha:'wsbl, $~sy Mire gras.d is bh?
bheY B7.eaaed bhe reawaabe.o3' nS a period o! t.~ree or i~ur dayl~
tsarv+e~$ ilsd d~oaib?~ m~'sura Matoh xs;~
bhea tiurAAd`ia$~ btu Doll ~' ~biliaer.
to) The fag! in 9ovieb k'meflia M+rre !lsel~her d i ~ . ,
' hatKng aamtsi$ or h!a?d oUy- !loose ao ~ ~ vary ,a7,oan laAOial barn!
!'odger aoaei!$ed lar ~sd wlita laMdw$ or? !Maxi R'heir
' for at leseb iB hot'rieb~#'oreti'e~e lced~aakee and aora !ot'Ooaod ,M~bh ~+ater
o! ~y ~kiad b~ hose, ~ lome ~f ~ ~ ~~~~~ clo~irl,~x~~Q h~b~
os'~tp~ druak~~ g3wa bhe p ?~ ~reaeed 6~'~ea a 3bdder btsati
os' ~0 ~ b'D~od $o iaoraalo' $t~ir wi,~b ~ ~._ mad. bha~
i ~! i+aa a e,tr~aik, ~i:d o: ,;,,id Raee
eoa$!?ino ea~all black !loss rAeerebiia~ wry i-c~acier
lcadi, 11~lip~y are` ri+aa im oil' Mara lied ?~.. r,.. ,,_~ ~rhiah '
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enmhasize the exceptional care which was, and no doubt atil'l is, given to
hods in the USSR. iTot only were their shelters Uept very clean ~xnd their
feed an3 fodder carefully prescribed, but the hogs themselves tiiere' '
batihed at. least,.tw3ce a mouth..
Ithe total milk prcduction0 yea not great, Moet
cows yielded no more than one gallon a day although thin d wee in^.reaeing
in 1940 ae a result of breediag with the Swine cattlamentioned pre?riously.
t e average productioza par yoar was shout eix pounds
3nr Hoar sheep, Farmers ware not permitted to '~andla woalaz~y taore than absolutc7.;~
necessary and all of it was 'considered the proporty of the Government of the
USSR: Wool was vary door, being more erpenoive at that timo than nylon now
ie in tha US.
the eituatioz. in Armenia ww geaorally sita.'.lar
to that prevailing in the coat of the UA9R. Tlae yoint to be ~mada
is that Soviat Armenia fa not a ma,or moat producing axem optgyaror~ C
other parts of the USSR ~ the Ulernine, Sor exaa~le. Rolati+roly speaking
Soviot kr~enia is yore cP a Qairy than a moat produo$ region. i'urt:aar~
the livestocts tnaua~try a~ a edso~ is not a naturally i~ertiaat oagtaant ~~t
the Armoni.aa economy. IS A~~ttia ~,rore an ir.Gepondent ration, its Iwvoatoo;;
indu~tr5 would dsaoriorato in Savor of baeioall~- agriaalt~ral pursuits,
60pec14~,1y cotton and wine~makin$.
G'~P~'$i~pt,
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