SOVIET METHODS AND TRENDS IN THE ELECTRONICS FIELD

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01030R000100240001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 5, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 22, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/09/09: CIA-RDP81-01030R0001002400071:3.1
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY
SECURITY IN
TION
This Document contains information affecting the Na-
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794.0: the U.S. Cade, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
USSR (Moscow oblast)/Germany (Soviet Zone) REPORT
SUBJECT. Soviet Methods and Trends in
the Electronics Tieid
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRE
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DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT
REFERENCES
22 September 1953
8
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THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS ? REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
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STATE
2., 'In the attachment Gorki sho44 .be transliterated as 'Corlety . throughout, and. an ?
the final patsy Which is EnOlosure (A), the f011oWing proper ,names ehbuld'prebably
-be -changed: as followt t
Schokin to Shokin'
Sctschokin to Sotshokin
Mytiachi to MYtishehi
Beljakof to BeIyakov.
Schalkova to Shicheikovo
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3. Th ,-.
Comment. e chart on the lest pate' of this repOrt'Iists four' Of
the minist es as CommuniCatione MinistrYyPost Mihietry-.; Military-Minittry,
and MinistrY of Interiori they shoilld read- iii-the sailie Order Si the .Miniptrr
of Communications Eguipmenti Industry, Ministry of Communications,. 'Ministry of Armed
Maras, and Ministry of Internal Affairs.
ARMY
#x
NAVY . ifX
AIR
FBI
AEC
OSI EV
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(Note: Washington Distribution Indicated By "X"; Field Distribution By "*".)
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COUNTRY. s USSR (Moscow Oblast)/Germany (Soviet. Zone) DATE DISTR.-' ""3
SUBJECT s Soviet Methods and Trends in the Electronic NO. OF PAGES 6
Field
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
'ACQUIRED
DATE OF II'
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
NO. OF ENCLS. 1
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
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2.
? 41....6???????
Both =OEM and KAUFMANN have been9 and are still working in
Leningrad. They worked in an unknown plant in Leningrad until.
? 1130-319 and were then assigned to Vald Institute in Leningrad.
LThis information confirms previous reports that One men were
transferred to the Lesnolya (Vald) NII 380 Institute. This is
probably because the Soviets?wished them to forget the work they
hAti 132?AVi012.A1V &MIA /
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the type of w
rk that has been done by KOT WSKI and KAUFMANN
.or HEMMER.
metric region
was in the.centri-
Dr. BAYER is treat:Intl,/ in East Germany working for the Post
Ministerium.
BAYER also attended school. with Dr.
ROTTGARDT. When BAYER first arrived in the Seyiet Union ha
worked at an institute in the USSR,
this
institute
was supervised .by the NKVD. Dr. BAYER
Came from the MUD Institute to NII 160 where he Was dissatisfied.
He was transferred to Gorki, where he worked at a factory that
manufactured condensers and resistors.
in the USSR a German club
was' formed with Dr. STEMS', as president and a Soviet woman. '
who was one of the organizers of the trade union in the Soviet
Union, as seoretary.of the club. A club meeting was usually
held weekly, but it was not necessary for the Germans to attend
nary mpAtiiist
At these meetings it was necessary for a major
speech to be delivered. Usually this speech was given by Dr.
STEIMEL, but
on one oqoasion KLUGE gate a speech
in place of Dr. STEIMEL. 50X1-1
not think that the Soviets, arnapable of _
planning, producing, and distributing.component'peiti within* ,
a three month period. In the USSR something is alWaySliC'shori .*
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'supply. If you need a small quantity. of an item,: you never .
receive it. Likewise, if you needed an abnormal item it top
was very difficult to obtain. .This situation 4a" greatly *eased
by 1951-1952. tin:mar it WAR atill jig.% better than the situation
in East Germany ?
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the 5
Soviets cannot schedule all types. of production for a three
Month period. This is true becauea 'even at NII 1609 which
had an excellent tube producing plant9 nuts -and bolts had to
be manufactured there as they were needed. It' must bb .re-? ?
membered that the SoViets pay no attention to the cost of an
item. ,. If that item is needed it will be produced regardless
of the number of man hours or money required to produce it.
No shortage??of tubes would exist regardless of the number of
rejects that had to be thrown away, in order to. obtain the ,,. ,
required number of good tubes. ? At XIII 160 production,of 'H';:
Soviet comPonents was generally dated witlilir a twelve .month.,_.
period of 'the date on-the end. iten, :rather 'than. three _Months. '??? ?
,i ,? .? ..... .
three ..oent imet ea
silicon detectors made by , SCIII40EXILCH. ? These ? detectors' were -?
to be used with radar sets' that had a MaXinum ontput ,of ' 300. 50)
kilowatts.::.
AVM 'milli:meter 'orystials :which ? ? ?
he worked, witli.,
both the three.Oelitimeter 'andt?the?:. ?
eight millimeter Crystals-were to' be installed' in airborne. .,
radar eauipment. Of the three centimeter crystal rectifiers,
1.50 tO 200 were produced diuly.i. this 'however ?
is strictly an estimation and might be. sub?ject te"grearerror.
It was a small number
There were'- also
some 10 centimeter crystal rectifiers .manufacturcid? at HI 160, ?:
They might .:
tosaibly -be used for fire control ground radar' egnipment%"" ?
100 to.' 150 Of the 10 centimeter rectifier& '..'? :
were .produced daily. Ten centimeter ilistrona were*
,at NII 160 and three centimeter klystrons were produced
the Tashkent factory 'in Leningrad even thou/A the
originally developed at NII 160,
Pr-Ode:bed
at
'ttibe Was
the pro.. 50X1-H
duction of these tubes was approximately the same as that
of the crystals rectifiers.
?
Soviet ministries and their organizational unite)
Talon are believed to have an interest ixt electronid developmen
and manufacturing,
electronic plants which are be-. ?
lieved to. be controlled by these ministries.
gee Enclosure (A17 . . ?
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, Only items that have, previously been developed will, be mass
.produced, extept'when the military demands something sews
The civilian consumer will definitely have to- -be. with
items. that have previously- been devaloped.by-othercountries.
/n the event that the military requires some items preVioUely
produced for the civilian.conaumerv-they- will certainly have
first Priority. .
Soviet-( philosophy is one of mass production, and-that in
many instances the item is sold to the people for lees-than
the actual production cost. Two examples of this juggling
of_prices is that the Soviet teica camera sells for'800. _rubles,:
and a pair of shoes sellsfor.420 rubles. The bigprofits are ?
made on such items as fond and clothing, while the lbsses.are_
on such items as electronics equipment and automobiles.
. .
It may be possible for the lame item to sell for two different
prices depending on the position of the purchaser. A ZIM...
automobile can be purchased for 6,000 rubles by the people,
but will cost an -institute 12,000 rubles. There was a joke
told by both the Soviets and the Germans at R/I 160 about a
Soviet stating that in the current five year plan everyone would
own an automobile, and in the next five year plan, everyOne
would' own an airplane. When the Sovietr.was asked why every-
one would need an airplane, he replied, " to fly to Gorki to
get a resittor.". ? .
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? The last five year plan called for a production total equal
to that Of the United States. This will not be:accomplished.
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althoughtthe military figure will be more approached
' ? then will be the civiliAn goal. They are-definitely copying ,
, western development, but they are also trying to initiate.
developments of their own. The young_engineers are encouraged
. 'toward original development, and have excellent training in ?
the field of electronics. They are somewhat weak in the' practical
'application of various theories that have been worked out. '
It was helpful for the German engineers to work with the Soviet
engineers because always rely upairmsthematioal
' ablution, never even checked their results, but accepted
them as being true. The machines used by the Soviets, are not
as well.finished nor as accurate as-Western countries' machinet.
However, the Soviet worker. has the ability to turn out a. ?
workable item on machinery which the western' worker would re-
fuse to work' with.
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Rejects will alwatie be M large eoondmic -0011in a ne iliPartines
to the Soviets whenever it tends to curtail the prOduotion
of usable items. It . is difficult to speak About . the tiOrsased
labor productivity withoutbreaking the 'USSR down into ars;
tain. regions. In Leningrad Where indenstrilite existed .for
a long period of time9 the quality is good. Its, Money the
problem is somewhat more ,diftioult. but gretter efforts are
being made to train n greater .etibber and raise thMaality
of Soviet engineers.-At the present time one of tbs. treat
stumbling blocks is lit of training pitaciettta to:becolts, tech-
nical workers. Although this problem. is great,' one )Woitid.. .,
be' surprised at the good work .flat a poorly, timuted peasant
is presently producing,.
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Receiver type vacuum tubes were' produced with oipttred, eqiiire ?
went until 1948 or 1930. The first good quality?tiabe rcidticing
equipment made 'in the. USSR was being delivered
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This equipment had been line ,
NII 160 ORM, and had been produced by a ft/Story:located. in
Moscow. The vaduum tube Saler Maithines ? were 'of ?the 48-stege
, type9 and were oapable of producing a tithe approximately every'
ten ,seconds c; ? i qr
? ?
Saohsenwerk, Radeberg was GT4161611/I dhliiister,. .
equipment to relay television programs
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Mr. GERRAR anCDro? ROSENSTEIN
of the Post Ministerium were to .ssleot? sited iiii.,011 locitiOn
of ,decimeter equipment, They were doing thii Mork at iie-,,
direction Of the Ministry of Interior9 and it it ?bstierveii tilt ?
the net would be used by the military. The extbtoise of Otte .
net is unknown
gPIEOEL Was rectUeeted to disatiteM thii50X1 -I
subject9 hoping that he was informed on a 14 to liit*st
decimeter net presently being installed in Etat Gersiiii0: Evi-*-
dently he was not Well informed on?the location of ea4 piicut.? ..t.?
of equipment end' knew only the general intended Us* et thie4ret../'
the decimeter .,net Will be used tor Obi. .
type of reporting9 because it le relativelY siorit aid ifftfires
rapid communication,
not believe that uremia thadin .
communication will be used bona, it is unreliable. ilid 50X1
subject to monitoring by western Ootuttrieso ne
. _ . ... . . ..
e ep *MOB flJ.1 be U*0 00048* tne afl tSAS-
phone system is completely inadequate at this time, .
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the out-back was announced only for propaganda reaches,
and vi in no way at. t the alit, ? eo.edulin and rodudtion
of electronic items0
the
second meeting of electronic ezper s was .6 . as so
this meetin?
had taken place.
I.-?
rd-meeti
was scheduled
Dr. Kurt RICHTER, formerly at 811.160 and presently at OST, 50X1-1
in East Berlih, is probably the best man for writing a report
on Material and material processing. Be has an over-all
'knowledge of the ?herniae' and physical make-up' of the materials
used in the .roduction of vacuum tubes.
smostras (A)t Organizational Chart of Soviet Groups Concerned with
Electronic Developments
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omanniomtions Ministry (1)1 1 Post Ministry?
Sorokin I
Vacuum
Tubee
Schokin
Radar
Moscow
Inst
1 Popovi
!resistors
.
Condensers
I
Gorki" 1
Factor*
? -I Military Mimiatryi
Ministry of Interior
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Genre (A) ' ?
Page 1 61' 1
Sotschokin
Wtifiahi
vir
Institute
SoientifiO
Institute
white Dr.
*Department
Navigation
Bayer- worked
Institute (2)
Radar
Moscow
Passive
NaVigat ion
Innitmeet
h.KotowSki
: . .
1. From 1948 tlALENICOT's,.:: present ;.lotototer of. USSR, Was in charge: -, -
or the: Ministry for ffoantin.toatione. ial intl. BERG was his direct representative .When: BERG . ?
was at 04W il.a. 190-i'
. - ..,.. - ,
..., ? , i:.?-r:4, -, - , .
2. An airforetiAtatitnte . for icy and short navigUtieW -was libited between- Monino and ,Roihalkotii
-i:r.
J. the chief of this institute iris - general ::BELJAKOtft, Whe was at
' OSW in 194:;'-'-Dr.P7STILL13 .1:.:aitp0 at OSW in 19469 worked at this institute i with: Saitara,1 BELJAKOF,
the.i3i-imeoitiorket at-bera'*eisense they left the 'train it :this _Plebe. . The. institute was
..located cithra :the gromilid,...,Vf siciiilitary_ .statiofi and -6Mp1oyed- ap140MIEateiy agcy. iiiticr000.r.s. ?
NO piiitintition: with ,l000mpipiiied Ilif'iliei. inatituteskieli was., nrobsibli* concerned with the . de", --
,,i:kg
velopment ,ef a long range hyPerbioiie riaVigation aYitem
1
:
this institutes:belongs to thi
7
.t:t4 ?
'Vrr P;
Soviet Grape Concerned with Electronic Develoistents
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