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? QUEEN RIDOON &CAPCIN Cll.. INC.- I?54
50X1 -HUM ,
DA INTELLIGENCE REPORT
(Use ibis, form only is accordanci
L ? CP -4121/.4PC.Si
CLASSIFICATION' 'COUNTRY REPORTED ON
rni4nrOTIAL East German
s'Developments at Laboratory for
Geophysics (C)
Of Information: This report contains general information on research and devel-
opment work caiducted in the laboratories of the "Institut fuer GeraetebauP
(Institute for Scientific Equipment Construction) at the German Academy of
Sciences in BERLIN, with special emphasis on the activities of the la50x1 -HUM
for geophysics. Among the recent developments in the meteorological and hydrol
ngical fields are "Bordwetterhuette", a meteoroinaical station for the remote
NOTES;'.Reproductina of this document in whole or in
put-isfpnilsibited, if SECRET or Top. SECRET, except
,ivithr-permasion of the issuing office. All requests ,for
latithority to reproduce will be directed to the Assistant
Chief,of, Staff, 672, Dgpartment of the Army.
vcicess
..'"
CLASSIFICATION
CONFIDENTI At
NOTE! Thaidoctusient contains ustormauon.an
national- defense of the United States,:.withirOithe:Asieaqmj;-
of . the -Espionage. Act, 0' U.S.C.7--31-and i-32ri. Xs
Its transmission- or the revelatioii-Of ists",:contents,,incanyi.
insane:. to. ,an..?unauthorizekLpersolifji:f-Prohibited-i!brElawZ.-
.?
REPLACES-- 005-cF.ORM .17A,-1-APW 53, WI-UCH MAY BE USED
CAUTION - REIgOVE.c.-PROTECT,DRASHEET-t REFORE.,-?';IYPIND:.
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DA INTELLIGENCE REPORT
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CLASSIFICATION
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50X1-HUM
1PAGE
la
control measui'ement and registration of meteorological data on board ships;
"Grundwasserlot" (ground water plummet), a kdevice for the determination of the
ground water level and the temperature of the water column; "Seehund", a hydro.s
logical universal measuring device; "Tauwaage" (dew scale), for the observation
of the course of dew fall and related factors; "Viscosimeter" for the determination
of the viscosity and temperature of plastics; "Calorimeter" for a range from minus
70? to plus 700 centrigrade; and "Silent Observer", a small meteorological station
built into a buoy at sea with transmitter for the automatic registration and trans-
mittance of diverse meteorological data, (last two items to be developed in 1958).
50X1-HUM
NOTE: Reproduction of this documett-u-iwortil?C-1-..4.7.airyk I e "
part is prohibited, if SECRET or TOP SECRET, ex-
cept with permission of the issuing office. AU re-
quests for authority to reproduce will be directed to
the Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department
of the Army.
ONFIDENTIAL
the national defense of. the United States witliin?thT,
meaning of the Espionage Act, 50 U.S.C. 31 ?and 32,
as amended. :Its transmission or the revelation of its
contents in any manner to an unauthorized person is
prohibited by law.
DA1NOV S7 1048-2 FORM ARE OBSOLETE.
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'DA INTELLIGENCE REPORT ,
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CLASSIFICAMON
AL
50X1-HUM
PAGE
2
Developments at Laboratory for Geophysics (c)
REPORT
1, General
The "Institut fuer Geraetebau" at the German Academy of Sciences in BERLIN
is engaged in the research, development and construction of scientific apparatus
for the special requirements of the Academy. It is located in temporary premises
within the compound of the VEB Kabelwerk Oberspree in BERLIN-Oberschoenewei
Wilhelminenhof Strasse 74-76. An R & D section for precision mechanics'and
optics is located in BERLIN-Adlershof, and an assembly plant for particularly
sensitive precision instruments is located fin BERLIN-Koepenick. Since 1957, the
construction of a new bitilding complex for the "Institut fuer Geraetebau" has been
projected; however, it was not possible thus far to commence with the actual cart-
struction. A site for the new building complex was selected at the Hakenberg
in the vicinity of the RR station, BERLIN-Gruenau. It is expected that constructio
will commence in 1958.
Scientific director of the "Institut fuer Geraetebau" since 1956, is Dr, JAHNKE
a physicist, who used to be employed with "Osram", and was in the USSR for
many years. He is assisted by BEETZ, (fnu), a graduate engineer, who is the
second director, and comes from the Technical College in DRESDEN, Chief of
the construction section is an engineer, PIET-SCH, (fnu). Since the R&D labor-
atories represent the most important part of the Institute, a brief description =
of a number of laboratories with which source is familiar, is given in the following
paragraphs:
a. Laboratory for Nuclear Physics
Chief of the laboratory is KLEIMON, (fnu), a graduate physiast, who
has on his staff one scientist, four engineers, three laboratory assistants, and
one mechanic. The laboratory is presently engaged in the development and con-
struction of dosimeters(X-ray dosimeter and pocket dosimeter), Geiger-Mueller
tubes of various types, and "Probenwechsler" for the automatic changing of test
samples subjected to radiation by isotopes. These items were on display at the
LEIPZIG Spring Fair 1958. Still in the phase of development, in May 58 was a
"Kernresonan.z Magnetometer" (nucleus resonance magnetometer) for nucleus
measurements; however, source has no details,
b. Laboratory for Electronics
Chief of the laboratory is Dr HESSE, with a staff of approximately eight
engineers. The task of the laboratory is to supply .all high-frequency requirements
of the Institute, for instance, the development and construction of circuits for
Geiger-Mueller counters and the "Kern.resonanz Magnetometer".
c. Laboratory for Magrustics
Chief of the laboratory is SUESS, Ing, with a staff of seven engineers,
This laboratory is engaged in the development of magnetic amplifiers, magnetic
.14
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part is prohibited, if SECRET or TOP 'SECRET, except
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tithority to reproduce will be diricted to the Assistant
'Chief of Staff, 02, Department of the Army.
CLASSIFICATION
17IF A I
NOTE: This -document contains information affecting the
national defense of the United States within the meaning
of the Espionage Act, 50 U.S.C. 31 and 32, as amended.
transmission or the revelation of its contents in any
manner to an unauthorized person is prohibitede.by law.
DA '1048-1
t OCT 69
REPLACES OCS FORM 17C. 1 APR 53, WHICH MAY BE USED.
CAUTION ? REMOVE PROTECTOR SHEET BEFORE TYPING.
D INC. BRIDGEPORT CONN. MAY ? 1955
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QUEEN RIBBON & CARBON CO INC.-.
2-54
50X1-HUM
DA INTELLIGENCE REPORT
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CLASSIFICATION t
r N-7,71!)11.4,11
, 4
PAGE
3
voltage stabilizers, and other similar items for the Institute.
d. Laboratory for Optics
Chief of the laboratory is Ing. BECKER, a former ZEISS employee, with
five assistants. This laboratory is engaged in the development of optical items
for the Institute.
e. Laboratory for Precision Measurements
Chief of the laboratory is Dr. von KAHLER, with five assistants. The
laboratory is presently engaged in the development and construction of a "Spann-
band" galvanometer, and other precision instruments for electric measurements.
f. Laboratory for Magnetic Material
C hiefk of the laboratory is KOHUT, an eitineer, with one female assistant.
This laboratory is engaged in the development of special materials with magnetic
properties for the construction of measuring instruments.
g. Laboratory for Geophysics
50X1-HUM
This laboatory was established on 1 Jun 57, by Dr. GELBKE, who was
rhief of the laboratory until 1 Aug 57
Since Nov 57, Dr. SONNTAG has been
chief of the laboratory for geophysics. One engineer and one mechanic are em-
ployed in the laboratory.
This laboratory is engaged in the development and construction of geo-
physical measuring instruments for meteorological and hydrological pui'poses.
Development and construction work in this field was previously done by the
meteorological observatory in GREIFSWALD, This observatory was closed on
31 Mar 57, and work in the development phase was taken over by the newly estab-
lished laboratory for geophysics in BERLIN. The building of the former CREWS-
WALD observatory is presently being used as ajaboratory for gaseous discharge
physics by the German Academy of Sciences in'BERLIN. 50X1-HUM
Recent developments in the laboratory for geophysics were as follows:
(1) Bordl,vetterhuette, a meteorological station for the remote control
measurement and registration of meteorological data, p articularly suitable ffror
utilization aboard ships in order to determine representative values. For this
purpose, the measuring elements of the apparatus are attaChed to the upper bean
of the main mast of a ship. Successful experiments were conducted with the
station installed on board the fishing vessel, "Robert Koch", in 1957/58, cruising
in the Barents-See. With the aid of this station, it is possible to determine values
of air temperatures by means of athermistors; hurnidity, by means of a strand
of 2 x 18 hairs moving a potentiometer (hairs used are first roll-pressed according.
to the Frankenberger process to enlarge their surfaces); wind direction by Means
of a wind vane combined with a synchro; wind velocity by means of a ISchalehkreue
-NOTE: Reproduction of this document in whole or in
.part is prohibited, if SECRET or TOP SECRET, accept
with permission of the issuing office. All requests for
authority to "reproduce will be directed to the Assistant. ,
'Chief of Staff, G-2, Department of the Army.
?FORM
z
-
CLASSIFICATION
NOTE: This document contains infOimatiiiii?iffictiiik:lhi:
national defense of the Unite&States twithin'the',Ineariin
of the Espionage Act, 50 U:S.C. 31. ati.tt32,'. as-apa.endi
Its transmission or the revelation its contents in.!,7any
manner ,t9 an unauthorized persiati!Al:piohibitetVhY0aw.474, Zs.
t-
.RgpLAcEs,b96_FoRm,47c, I-;APR,SS; WHICH MAYtEEtBSED
;REItIOYEt?AFROTECTOE,ISHEET:if BEFPRE. ripitiG;
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50X1-HUM
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4
rotating a generator; and water temperature byn-neans of thermistors. In a ship's
cabin, the other parts of the meteorological station are installed. As measuring
method for the determination of the aforecited values, a Wheatstone bridge is
used. The required measuring accuracy of 0.10 Centigrade is accomplished by
overlapping graduatimAtof the total temperature range. For the indication of the
wind components, the second synchro for the wind direction, and a specially cal-
ibrated voltmeter for the wind velocity are contained in a separate metal box.
The element for the determination of the sea water temperature is installed in
the pipe line feeding the coolant (sea water) to the ship's engine. The current
required for the measurements is supplied by the ship's batteries. Various im-
provements of the meteorological station are planned for the future. Research
is being conducted particularly in the field of humidity measurements where im-
provement in the accuracy of the measuring methods employing strands of hair is
needed to overcome hysteresis. For this purpose, the infra-red interference
method, as developed in the USA, has been experimented with, however, on the
basis of a 50-cm-measuring range only, in contrast to the longer range applied
in the USA. The VEB Carl Zeiss in JENA will produce the necessary metal
interference filters. An improvement in wind measurements is contemplated by
the elimination of all movable parts in the respective apparatus. Preliminary
experiments have been conducted in this direction at the Greifswald Observatory
by the utilization of a heated thermistor bridge. Further plans in the developmene
of the meteorological station provide for the registration of all values with a com-
pensating recording device on paper tape.
(2) Grundwasserlot
The "Grundwasserlot" (ground wb.ter plummet) is used for the
determination of the ground water level and the temperature of the water column.
It consists of two component parts: a measuring bridge and a plummet-like part
attached to a two-core copper cable which is lowered to the ground water through
pipes at the site d observation. The plummet-like part contains a pair of therm-
istors for temperature measurements, and a float which activates a mercury
switch when coming into contact with the surface of the ground water. The measur
ing bridge works on the Wheatstone resistance method, and is in perfect balance,
until contact of the float with the ground water surface is accomplished, at which
time iilwill indicate the level of the ground water by being off balance, and through
measurement of the length of cable unrolled. The mercury wswitch likewise
brings the pair of thermistors into the bridge circuit for the temperature mea,sure-
ments. By further lowering of the plummet-like part into the ground water, it
is possible to measure the temperature range in the existing water column. A
---41-a-shliglit-batter_y_of_2.t-A_v_olts supplies current
? (3) HYdrolOgical Universal Measuring Device called "Seehund"
-
?
The "Hydrologische Universal Messgeraet Seehund" consists of
three component parts: a submergeable device, a cable drum bearing a 200-m,
special 24-strand copper cable with a steel core, and a measuring apparatus for th
observation on board the ship.. By means of the submergeable device, it is possibl
to determine values of: water temperature with the aid of a pair of thermistors; salt
content with the aid of alternating current at a frequency of 500 cycles, by measuri
sea water conductance; velocity of flow with the aid of an OTT screw-propeller with
16 blades, made by VEB Regler-und Geraetewerke in TELTOW (useable for a minii
\-471
velocity of 2 cm per second); direction of flow with the aid of a compass bussole an
a potentiometer; intensity of radiation permeability (cosmic rays) with the aid of s?
photo-elements, of which five are provided with special glass filters; intensity of-
extinction in a measured length of one meter with the aid of a 24 volt-60 watt pro-
jection lamp, the intensity being indicated by a photo element. The frequency
range of the light is subdivided into ten sections by the use of special filters.
NOTE: Reproduction of this document in whole or in CLASSIFICATION
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authority to reproduce will be directed to the Assistant
Chief of Staff, G-2, Department of the Army.
NOTE: This document contains information affecting the
national defense of the United States within the meaning
of the Espionage Acr, 50. U.S.C. 31 and 32, asainended.,-
Its transmission or the revelation of its contents in enrf
, ,manner : to an. unauthorized nersou is - pro4thite:dy,by;,
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_
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L. ix r
" ? ?
? ;e,s-7of. 4 vlt provide.the necessary current'
supply. The measuring ,apparatus permits the simultaneous measuring of salt
content and temperature; and radiation and zeflection. The direction and,velocity
of flow can be measured continuously. An,independent measuring of the extinction
is likewise possible in.a continuous manner. The voltage supplied to the project-
ion lamp is stabilized by a "Heissleiterbruecke".(hot conductor bridge in the form
of two miniature incandescent lamps) at A value not to vary more than one milli-
volt. The measurement of the salt content takes place by the comparison,method
using KOPENHAGEN seawater as norm (Kopenhagener Normalwasser) in a
thermostat.
PAGE
;".-- ?
The afore-described devices were displayed at the pavilion of
the German Academy of Sciences,, BERLIN, during the LEIPZIG Spring Fair 1958.
However, no brochures nor any other publications are available on these devices
to this date. The prototypes then on display did not include any of the improvements
mentioned above,
(4) Tauwaarie
The Tauwaage (dew scale) provides for the observation of dew-
fall within a given period and the quantitative measurement of such fall. A so-
called biscuit porcelain plate (a non=glaze ceramic plate) is used as dew collector.
The change in weight due to the fall of dew is compensated for by a special elect-
ronic circuit moving a weight. Since the "Tauwaage" indicates and registers
values by remote control, particular interest in this device has been displayed
by specialists in an effort,to utilize the device in studying flashovers and/or
surface leakage in high-tension lines as a result of dew collecting on the insulators.
The "Tauwaage" is a regular production item of the VEB Junkalor in DESSAU.,
and will be on display at the LEIPZIG Fall Fair in 1958 or at the Spring Fair. in
1959.
(5) Viscosimeter
The viscosimeter is still in the planning stage and will be fully
developed by the end of 1958. It is a device for the determination of the viscosity
and temperature of plastics. The damping effect whihh a plastic mass has on
a tongue-like element vibrating at a frequency fof 100 cycles in such mass, is
the measure of the viscosity of the plastic.f During the manufacturing processes
of plastics it is necessary to observe and control continuously the viscosity and
temperature of the plastic mass, for which reason the tongue-like element sim-
ultaneously measures the temperature by means of a thermo-element or a min-
iature thermistor, A particular advantage of the viscosinieter is its small size
(similar to a fountain pen), which permits dipping the device into the actual
processing vessel,, and thus eliminates repeated removal of samples from the rn.as
(6) Calloccirneter
Plans exist for the development of a new type of calorimeter
with a measuring range from minus 700 to plus 700 centigrade; however, no
details are available.
(7) Sturnmer Beobachter (Silent Observer)
Upon the initiative of the Meteorological Service in POTSDAM,
a "Silent Observer" was to be developed in 1958. "Silent Observers" are to be
NOTE: Reproduction of this document in whole or in
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authority to reproduce will be directed to the Assistant
Chief of Staff,' G-2, .Department of the Army.
CLASSIFICATION
?F:1 A
I //LIN !PAK
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. NOTE This document contains iiifamatton, letting the ,
national defense of the United"Staler-Within ;the-. meaning
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Its ,traissoussiorr.or --the.,?revelationiof its?Icantetits in ? anyi--)-i
manneejo -an 'nnauthciriied::?:persoic,-fnpfohihited;'bk.4aw:1'e
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PAGE
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constructed in the form of small meteorological stations built into buoys at
sea together with a transmitter for the automatic registration and-remote 'corn-
punication of seawater and airtemperatures, humidity, wind direction and vel-
ocity, swell of the sea, and conditions of visibility at sea.
2. Technical Data, Design Drawings, and Circuit Diagrams Available
Attached as Inclosure 1 are photostats of designs, and/or circuit diagrams
pertaining to the Bordwetterhuette (meteorological station); Grundwasserlot, -
(ground water plummet); Seehund, (Hydrological Universal Measuring Device);
Tauwaage (dew scale); Horizontaler Wasserschoepfer zur Enthahme von Wasser-
proben aus langsam stroemenden Gewaessern (horizontal water-drawing device
for drawing samples from slow currents); Kippwasserschoepfer zur wirbelfreien
Entnahme von Salz- und Suesswasserproben (tilting device for drawing samples
from salt (sea) and fresh water in a non-turbulent manner); Bruecke zur Messung
der Feuchte auf kapazit vem EWete (bridge for the measurement of humidity by a
capacitive method; Elektronisches Steuergeraet zum Pyrgeometer (electronic
control device for the pyrgeometer); Schaltbild (und Photographien) zum Wind-
messverfahren mit Thermistoren (circuit diagram (and photos) pertaining to .
the wind-measuring method by means of thermistors); and Schulungsmaterial
zur Ausbildung von Wetterdienst-Technikern an Observatorien (training rpaerip.1
. ^s.??
for material for meteorological technicians at observatories). 50X1 -HUM
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part is prohibited, if SECRET or TOP SECRET, exce_pt
with permission of the issuing office. All requests for
'authority _to rFproduce will- be directed- to the Assistant
. Chief of Staff, G-2, Department of.the Army.
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national defense of the United States within the meaning
of the ,Espionage Act, 50 U.S.C. 31 and 32, as amended.
Its transmission or the revelation, of its contents in any
manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
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