SA-10 SAM DEPLOYMENT, USSR

Document Type:

CREST [1]

Collection:

NGA Records (Formerly NIMA) [2]

Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):

CIA-RDP84T00171R000300490001-6

Release Decision:

RIPPUB

Original Classification:

Document Page Count:

Document Creation Date:

December 28, 2016

Document Release Date:

January 19, 2012

Sequence Number:

Case Number:

Publication Date:

November 1, 1983

Content Type:

REPORT

File:

Attachment	Size
CIA-RDP84T00171R000300490001-6.pdf [3]	497 KB

Body:

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 basic imagery interpretation report SA-10 SAM Deployment, USSR (S) DEPLOYED SAM FACILITIES BE: Various USSR Top 25X1 RCA-04/0001/83 25X1 NOVEMBER 1983 Copy 3 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Top Secret RUFF ABSTRACT 1. This report consolidates imagery-derived intelligence on the Soviet SA-10 surface-to-air missile (SAM) system acquired since The report includes information on the rate of SA-10 site construction and deployment, the calibration and testing of SA-10 components, and the use of camouflage, concealment, and deception (CC&D) efforts in the SA-10 program. This program has grown by 12 new sites to a total of 66, and it IS evident that production rates for SA-10 launchers have increased. (S/WN) INTRODUCTION 3. The removal of three SA-10 transporter-erector-launchers (TELs) and a mobile FLAP LID radar from Sary-Shagan Missile Test Center (MTC) Launch Complex G indicates the probable beginning of field trials for the mobile version of the SA-10. The presence of a TIN SHIELD radar at Launch Complex G suggests that this radar is undergoing system integration testing for possible incorporation with the SA-10 system. Construction of new instrumentation sites at Launch Complex G tracking and guidance facilities may be related to improving SA-10 missile performance. (S/WN) (S/WN) 2. Since September 1982, the cutoff date for the most recent NPIC basic report on the SA-10 SAM system,' 12 new SA-10 sites have been identified in the Soviet Union, bringing the known total to 66. Eleven sites previously identified but unoccupied have received SA-10 equipment during this period. The construction of BIG BIRD radar sites around Moscow continued, with six sites now identified and construction for an additional five under way. The rapid rate of deploy- ment at Moscow and the increased flow of SA-10 equipment through the Kapustin Yar Marshall- ing Area (KYMA; suggests an increased production rate for the SA-10 launcher. 25X1 25X1 li 25X1 5. This report contains two maps, three tables, and eight annotated photographs. (S/WN) BASIC DESCRIPTION 6. The SA-10 is the newest Soviet strate- gic SAM system. It is assessed to be a medium- range, all-altitude system capable of tracking and engaging multiple targets simultaneously. The major SA-10 components currently being deployed include a canister-launched missile, a towed launcher designed to hold four mis- sile canisters, a CLAM SHELL low-altitude tar- get acquisition radar, a FLAP LID target en- gagement radar, and a BIG BIRD long-range acquisition radar. (S/WN) 7. The SA-10 missile system was devel- oped at Sary-Shagan MTC Launch Complex G, where SA-10 components were first identified in 1973. Missile flight tests were underway by 1975. Troop training began in 1979 at Sary- Shagan MTC Launch Complex E and in July 1980 the first deployment of the SA-10 was identified at Moscow. (S/WN) 8. Since 1981, the Soviets have been de- veloping a mobile version of the SA-10 at Launch Complex G consisting of an SA-10 transporter-erector-launcher (TEL) and a FLAP LID radar mounted on a self-propelled MAZ- type vehicle. These modifications will improve the mobility and reduce the relocation time of 25X1 25X1 -1- Top Secret Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Top Secret RUFF deployed SA-10 firing units. Deployment of the mobile version of the SA-10 is not ex- pected before 1985. 9. The TIN SHIELD, a 3-dimensional tar- get acquisition radar, has been present at Launch Complex G since August 1982 and may be undergoing system integration with the SA- 10. (S/WN) Site Construction and Deployment 10. A total of 66 deployed SA-10 sites have been identified to date at eight places in the Soviet Union (Figure 1 and Table 1); 42 have received equipment, and 24 are under construction or awaiting equipment. Twelve sites, all in the Moscow area, are new since t 0 UyIflD KINGDOM tTD 'N (; R W A ~el eKAL ,pchL .~+~.~ Krl Leua clr - SWEDEN r +,. NLAND ~ ' KAUNINGRAD ~' N L z P V , ~ RIGA 21- NIKOLAYEV September 1982 (Figure 2) and except for two scratch-built sites, are collocated with SA-1 sites. Moscow has been the focus of all recent SA-10 deployment, and it will probably remain so until all the E-ring sites have been com- pleted. Once the SA-10 deployment at Mos- cow is complete (probably mid-to-late 1984), the Soviets will most likely resume deployment in other areas where site construction is under way but has been proceeding slowly. (S/WN) 11. The recent deployment rate at Mos- cow suggests an increase in the production of SA-10 launchers. Gorki Armaments Plant No- voye Stalin 92 has produced SA-10 launchers since at least August 1977, nearly three years before the first SA-10 de- ployment. An estimated production rate of seven launchers per month allowed the Sovi- SA-10 DEPLOYMENT AREA Top Secret SVERDLOVSK yJ Olin ^ VnF+VM1Y ~~ q " NOVOSIBIRSK NPIC T?7429 '25X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Top Secret RUFF time 12 launchers (a firing unit) and one FLAP LID radar are transferred from the storage area to the calibration position (Figure 5). The equipment remains in place approximately six to eight months while being calibrated. Near the end of this procedure, several of the unit's launchers are normally removed and taken to Ka ustin Yar SAM R&D Area D where launch crews practice setting up the equipment and may actually fire missiles, though missile canisters themselves are rarely seen at Area D. (S/WN) 15. The SA-10 equipment remains at Area D for about three weeks and then is returned to its original calibration position for final checkout. When all checkout and calibra- tion is complete, the equipment departs as a unit from the Marshalling Area RTP for de- ployment (Figure 6). Between September 1982 and July 1983, at least eight SA-10 units com- pleted calibration and were shipped from KYMTC, generally corresponding with SA-10 deployment at Moscow during the same peri- od. (S/WN) System Improvements 16. Mobility. Since 1981, the Soviets have been developing an SA-10 TEL and a mobile FLAP LID radar at Sary-Shagan Launch Com- plex G (Figure 7) for improved mobility. Both employ a self-propelled MAZ-type vehicle. Field trials for this mobile SA-10 system may have begun between when both the TEL and the mobile FLAP LID were removed from Complex G, (although no field training sites have been identified). OnE an SA-10 TEL was observed in transit near Complex G (Figure 8). The TEL was fitted with a probable electronics box behind the cab but was not carrying any missile canisters. By Da TEL and two mobile FLAP LIDs had returned to Complex G. To date, no SA-10 TELs or mobile FLAP LIDs have been identified at any SAM training facility or at the KYMA. Since it is likely that the self-propelled Top Secret Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 TEL and FLAP LID vehicles would undergo the same lengthy calibration procedure as the towed versions, it seems unlikely that mobile SA-10 equipment will be ready for deployment before 1985. (S/WN) 17. Though the production facility for the TEL and mobile FLAP LID has not been firmly identified, it is probable that the pre- production versions are being assembled at Gorkiy Plant 92 and that Plant 92 may be the intended series production plant. This plant assembles the towed SA-10 launcher and the FLAP LID radar. Self-propelled MAZ-type vehi- cles like those used for the SA-10 TEL and mobile radar have been observed in the same storage yard as the towed SA-10 equipment. (S/W N) 18. Radar. Another possible improve- ment to the SA-10 system may be the incorpo- ration of the TIN SHIELD radar. The TIN SHIELD is a new, Soviet, three-dimensional acquisition/air warning radar that has been at Sary-Shagan MTC Complex G since = Erected on a transportable electronics tower (TET) behind an SA-10 launch pad and apparently connected by cable to nearby SA- 10 computer vans, this radar may be undergo- ing integration testing with the SA-10 system (Figure 7). Integrated in this manner, a likely role would be as a replacement for the CLAM SHELL radar. Unlike the CLAM SHELL, the TIN SHIELD is not dependent on the TET for operation (though it can be mounted on a TET). The TIN SHIELD may play an important role in the mobile version of the SA-10. Its long range acquisition and 3-D capability would help offset any loss of BIG BIRD data and allow the firing unit to operate more autonomously in battle. (S/WN) 19. Low-Altitude Performance. The con- struction of new instrumentation sites at four of the five Sary-Shagan Launch Complex G Tracking Facilities suggest that the SA-10 mis- sile may be undergoing modifications, possibly to improve its low altitude performance. Opti- 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Top Secret RUFF cal tracking devices have been installed at Tracking Facilities G2 G3 (BE G4 and G5 (BE and appeared externally com- plete by mid 1983. (S/WN) -8- Top Secret RCA-04/0001/83 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 -- Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Top Secret RUFF IMAGERY All applicable imagery acquired through was used in the preparation of this report. (S) MAPS OR CHARTS SAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Various sheets, scale 1:200,000 (UNCLASSIFIED) DOCUMENTS 1. NPIC. Z-14634/82, RCA-04/0001/82, SA-10 SAM Deployment (S), Dec 82 nt: Slower Than Expected (5), Jul 83 SOV 83-10118 JX, Jul 83 (TOP SECRET/CODEWORDS/NOFORN/ORCON**) *Extracted information is classified Comments and queries regarding this report are welcome. They ma be directed to Soviet Strategic Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC, COMIREX D99 Project 543062D istribution 81001 '25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 Z0A'I 25X1 - 10- Top Secret RCA-04/0001/83 25X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 -- Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 Top Secret Top Secret Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6