"RESTLESS YOUTH"

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Library of Congress
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4
• Release Decision: RIFLIM
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: January 11, 2017
• Document Release Date: September 16, 2010
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: February 1, 1969
• Content Type: MISC

No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/09/16 LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4
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No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/09/16: LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4
 No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/09/16: LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4
"RESTLESS YOUTH"
(CIA Paper 0555 /69, February, 1969)
The section on "Radical Students in America" (pp. 25-36) comprises
12 pages out of 264 pages.
There is not the slightest indication in, this section that it is derived
from surveillance or any.sensitive sources and methods. It quotes
extensively from student publications and academic and sociological
analyses. It traces the evolution of student activism in the United
States in a way that suggests nothing other than normal research
methods (reading of newspapers, journals, and student activist
literature). The section was included for comparative purposes.
95% of the report is a series of country analyses varying in length
from 2 to 23 pages. They cover, in order: Congo (Kinshasa),
Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal, the Arab World, Argentina, Brazil,
PRC, Czechoslovakia, France, FRG, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Italy, Japan, Pakistan, Poland, USSR, Spain, Turkey, and
Yugoslavia. There are .46 pages of introduction (of which the
section on American students is a part), which attempts a broad
sociological and historical analysis.
The paper explicitly does not discuss the broader Peace Movement
or left parties or Civil Rights or black activist movements as such,
except in passing as they contribute to student dissent. ' -
In a discussion of foreign. Communist influence, there is mention
of "marginal evidence" of Cuban financial support to Black
Separatists in the U.S. (p122). There is a brief discussion of
"evidence" of CP membership by+some SDS militants (p. 34).
The former is clearly a foreign intelligence matter; the latter
would likely have come from.. FBI materials. In no case is the
source indicated one way or the other.
Helms' cover note to you of February 18, 1969 (Tab A) simply flags
for you the fact that the "section on American students" is "an area
not within the charter of this Agency." I. e., a discussion of
American student activism is outside CIA's normal area of analytical
responsibility. There is not the slightest indication to you of unusual
or illegal investigative activities or "donne stic spying. ?
This supports your spokesman's statement of December 23, 1974,
that you were unaware of domestic surveillance by CIA and did not
know of any "surveys of American citizens" by CIA. (The report
that such a survey did cross your desk. in 1969 was denied on
December 24, 1974.)
No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/09/16: LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4
 No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/09/16: LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4
134
C. Evolution of Operation CHAOS--Domestic Unrest in
1968
Continuing antiwar demonstrations in 1968 led to growing White
House demands for greater coverage of such groups' activities abroad.
As disorders occurred in Europe in the summer of 1968, the CIA,
with concurrence from the FBI, sought to engage European liaison
services in monitoring United States citizens overseas in order to
produce evidence of foreign guidance, control or financial support.
In mid-1968, the CIA moved to consolidate. its efforts concerning
foreign connections with domestic dissidence and to restrict further
the dissemination of the information used by the Special Operations
Group. The Group was given a cryptonym, "CHAOS." The CIA
sent cables to all its field stations in July 1968, directing that all
information concerning dissident groups be sent through a single
restricted channel on an "Eyes Only" basis to the Chief of Opera-
tion CHAOS. No other dissemination of the information was to
occur.
Some time in 1968, Director Helms, in response to the President's
continued concern about student revolutionary movements around
the world, commissioned the preparation of a new analytic paper
which was eventually entitled "Restless Youth." Like its predecessor,
"Restless Youth" concluded that the motivations underlying student
radicalism arose from social and political alienation at home and not
from conspiratorial activity masterminded from abroad.
"Restless Youth" was produced in two versions. The first version
contained a section on domestic involvements, again raising a question
as to the propriety of the CIA's having prepared.it. This version was
delivered initially only to President Johnson and to Walt W. Rostow,
the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs.
Helms' covering memorandum, dated September 4,1968, stated, "You
will, of course, be aware of the peculiar sensitivity which attaches
to the fact that CIA. has prepared a report on student activities both
here and abroad."
Another copy of the first version of "Restless Youth" was delivered
on February 18, 1969, after the change in Administrations, to Henry
A. Kissinger, then Assistant to President Nixon for National Security
Affairs. Director Helms' covering memorandum of February 18
specifically pointed out the impropriety of the CIA's involvement
in the study. It stated :
In an effort to round-out our discussion of this subject, we have included
a section on American students. This is an area not within the charter of this
Agency, so I need not emphasize how extremely sensitive this makes the paper.
Should anyone learn of its existence it would prove most embarrassing for
all concerned.
A second version of "Restless Youth" with the section on domestic
activities deleted was later given a somewhat wider distribution in
the intelligence community.
The CHAOS group did not participate in the initial drafting of
the "Restless Youth" paper, although it did review the paper at some
point before any of its versions were disseminated. Intelligence
derived from the paper was, of course, available to the group.
No Objection to Declassification in Full 2010/09/16: LOC-HAK-424-4-11-4