JPRS ID: 9092 VIETNAM REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000200080029-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 23
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 29
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9092
15 M~y 1980
Vietnar~ Re ort =
= p _
- c~ouo 4~so~ ~
~
~
FBIS FC3REIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE -
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NOTE
JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
~ sources are translated; those fr~m English-language sources
_ are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and _
other characteristics retained.
Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets ~
- are supplied by JPRS. Prc,cessing indicators such as [Text] "
or [Excerpt) in the first line of each item; ~r following the
last line of a brief, indicate how th; original information was
processed. Where no processing i^_:~icator is giti~~en, the infor-
mation was summarized or ext:acted.
Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are -
- enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion ma.rk and enclosed in parentheses were noL� clear in the -
- original but have been supplied as appropriat~ in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the bcdy of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as _
given by source.
The contents of this publication in no way represenfi the poli- _
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.
.
For further information on report content -
call (703) 351-3067 (Japan, Korea,
~ Mongolia); 351-2760 (Vietnam, South and
East Asia).
COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF -
_ MATERIALS KEPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION
OF THIS PUBLICATION BE RESTRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY.
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JPRS L/9092
15 May 1.980
VIETNAM REPORT
. (FOUO 4/80)
~ CONTENTS -
~ MILITARY AFFAIRS AND PUBLIC SECURITY -
Information on Vietnamese Military Units 1 ~
- Briefe
Conditione in ReeducaCion Camp 9 _
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, TRADE AND AID
Strengthening Vietnam's Role in CEMA _
(Vladilen Prokudin; EKONOMICHESKOYE SOTRUDNICHESTVO
_ STRAN-CHLENOV SEV, No 1, 1980) 10
- a- [ I I I - A5IA - 11.0 FOUO ]
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MILITARY AFFAIRS AND PUBLIC SECURITY
INFORMATION ON VIETNAME~E MILITARY UNITS
[The following information on Vietnan~ese military~units has been extracted
from Vietnamese press sources published in Hanoi, unless otherwise indicated.
Unit designators and subordination are as they appear in the original source.
The remarks include a brief summary of the salient information available in
the news item.J ~ _
Unit Remarka
Tien Phong Gp Photo of armored tracked anti-aircraft _
vehicles armed with quad barrelled
s weapons. (NHAN DAId 27 Jan 80 p 1)
r
Song Dien Gp, Air Defense Branch Inducts uew members into the VCP.
(NHAN DAN 28 Jan 80 p 1)
Truong Son Corps 30,000 Youth Union members and other
B.91 Gp youths strive to be better youths and -
B.34 Gp 10,000 Youth Union members strive to
B.72 Gp become members of the VCP. During 1979
_ B.73 Gp 1,315 youth union members were inducted
35th Regt into the VCP. (NHAN DAN 28 Jan 80 p 1) -
- Sao Do Air Force Gp Based at airfield in the Hanoi area.
(HANOI MOI 30 Dec 79 p 1) ~
Hong Linh Anti Aircraft Artillery A Han~i air defense unit. (HANOI MOI
Gp 22 Dec 79 p 2)
600th People's Armed Public This unit is responsible for the pro- '
Security Forces Gp tection of VCP Central Crnmnittee members
and other Party leadership personalities
- and Government personalities. (HANOI
MOI 9 Jan 80 p 2)
4th Gp, Hoang Lien Son Province Photo of inen on training march. (HANOI
, Local Forces MOI 13 Jan 80 p 4)
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Thang Long Air Force Gp Photo of aircraft on flightline. Located
in the Hanoi area. (HANOI MOI 15 Jan 80
P 1)~ ~ -
_ 7th Gp, [HanoiJ Forces P'ursuant to new mission this unit is -
enhancing its mobility. (HANOI MOI
16 Jan 80 p 2)
52nd Gp, Capital MR Photo shows unit artillery piec~s.
(HANOI MOI 16 Jan 80 p 2)
B.21 Gp, Capital MR Organizing a mobilized reserve among
2nd Gp more than ~~0 Hanoi organizations, enter-
- 3rd Gp prises, factories, colleges and v:,cational
4th Gp schools. (HANOI MOI 17 Jan 80 ~p 1,4)
3rd Cp, Capital MR Training, self-support farming activities
stressed. (HANOI MOI 18 Jan 80 p 1) ~
28th Bn, People's Armed Public Located in Haiphong. (THE DUC THE THAO
- Security Forces 13 Jan 80 p 3)
Factory A.37 Produces and repairs arms, armaments and
vehicles. (THE DUC THE THAO 19 Jan 80
P 2) ~
8Ch Co, 701st Regt Photo of unit members taken by photo-
grapher from Letter Box 5A 2241 - Gia
- Lai. (.NONG NGHIEF 20 Jan 80 p 2) ~
578th Corps [Binh Doan] Unit cadres attend wr~ting course. ~
(VAN NGHE QUAN DOI, Jan 80 p 144)
Quang Ninh Special Zone Cultural activities described. (VAN
NGHE QUAN DOI Jan 80 p 144)
~ 479th Gp Unit members write abaut war expe~iences
in Kampuchea. (VAN NGHE QUAN DOI Mar 80
p 144)
~ 678th Corps [Binh Doan.] Unit members write about war experiences
in Laos. (VAN NGHE QUAN DOI Mar 80
~ p 144)
Sth MR Subordinate units induct VCP members.
B.15 Gp (.QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 27 Jari 80 p 1) _
- N.7? Gp
N.75 Gp
_ Radar Detachment, 44th Missile Photo of unit members manning radar
Bn, 36.B Gp antenna. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 27 Jan 80
P 1)
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Quang 'rrung Cp Missile Forces Photo of unit member testing a missile.
- (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 27 Jan 80 p 1) -
Truong Son Corps [Binh Doan] During 1979 subordinate units completed
B.73 Gp their work on the road system running
B.91 Gp from Highway 279 to National Highway 6
35th Gp and the Ho Chi Minh Trail. (QUAN DOI
_ $�72 ~P NHAN DAN 27 Jan 80 pp 1,4)
B.70 Gp
lat Bn, 82nd Gp, Ha Nam Ninh Self support farming results given. -
Forces (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 27 Jan 80 p 2) _
Signal Branch Signal units insure good communications.
lst Gp (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 28 Jan 80 p 1)
_ X.20 Factory
18th Signal Bn, Quan Tien
Phong Gp
Hai Van Gp -
gth Gp Unit wire communications installers '_ay
a wire line over 200 kilometers long.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 28 Jan 80 p 1)
Ha Long Anti Aircraft Artillery Gp, Conducts live fire exexcise with 37mm -
Chi Lang Corps jBinh Doan] guns and small arms. (QUAN DOI NHA,~1 DAN
237th Bn 28 Jan 80 p 1)
llth Bn
9th Bn
200th Gp, 4th MR Produces large quantity of equipment ~
- for unit messhalls and showers. (QUAN
~ DOI NHAN DAN 30 Jan 80 p 1)
Construction DepartmenC, Rear Subordinate units exceed production goals.
Services General Department (QUAN DOI NH~'uI ~aN 30 Jan 80 p 1)
N.73 Gp
6th Gp
N.76 Gp
Military College of Technology Recently held a self criticism/criticism
session. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 31 Jan 80
- p 1~
Song Thuong Gp, Hong Ha Corps Exceeds road construction goals. (QUAN
[BINH DOAN] DOI NHAN DAN 31 Jan 80 p 1)
Truong Son Gp Doing road construction work. Received
help from the Song Thuong Gp. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 31 Jan 80 p 1)
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2nd Co, Lam Son Engi.neer Gp Photo of unit bulldozers in action.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 31 Jan 80 p 1)
70th Comtaunications & Logistics Unit repairs water pumps. (QUAN DOI
Station NHAN DAN 31 Jan 80 p 2)
103rd Military Hospital Unit doctors heal child's leg. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 31 Jan 80 p 2)
- Political Officers School Conducts training to improve quality
of VCP members. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
1Feb80p1)
18th Bn, 34.T Gp Unit digs irrigation ditches. (QUAN -
DAN NHAN DAN 1 Feb 80 p 1)
5.53 Regt. 3rd MR Builds an "Uncle Ho" fishpond. (QUAN ~
DOI NHAN DAN 1 Feb 80 p 2)
Kinh Thanh Artillery Regt, Dong Self aupport farming activities reported.
. Bang Div (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 1 Feb 80 p 2) _
_ Tay Tien Regt, Dong Bang Div "
Factory 753, Navy Recently repaired housing. (QUAN DOI -
NHAN 1 Feb 80 p 2)
8th Co, 073rd Tank Gp A platoon leader of this unit was
decorated for combat actions on the
border. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 1 Feb 80 p 3)
5th Re~t Activities of this recently activated -
unit getting establiahed are described.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 4 Feb 80 p 2)
4th Kegt, 27th Infantry Gp Improvement in unit's discipline noCed.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 4 Feb 80 p 3)
2nd Bn, 29th Engineer Gp Commander: Nguyen Van Cac [NGUYEENX
VAWN.CACS] (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 4 Feb 80 -
p 3)
- Sao Vang Gp VCP activities reported. (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 5 Feb 80 p 1)
Military Administrati~:~ Sc`~oo~, Built a suspension bridge ~or the people
lat MR of Thinh Duc and Binh Son Villages, Dong
Hy District, Bac Thai Province. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 5 Feb 80 p 2)
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2nd Navy Cp Political Officer: Tran Chau A(TRAANF
Vesael 14 CHAAU AS]. Combat actions against PRC
Veac~el O1 invaders described. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
Vesael 19 5, 7& 8 Feb 80 p 3) ~
Vesael 05
Vesael 07
811th Flotilla
Vessel C7
Veasel 13
62nd [Navy] Cp, 9th MR Received assistance from an element of
the 2nd Navy Gp on detached service. ~
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 5 Feb 80 p 3)
lst MK Membership cards issued to VCP members.
3rd Gp (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 6 Feb 80 p 1)
N.67 Gp .
- T.57 Gp
Chi Lang Gp
8th Gp
- lst MR Military Administration -
School
Air Force Officers School Flight training for Class i2A completed.
(QJAN DOI NHAN DAN 6 Feb 80 p 1)
- Sth Bn, 26B Gp, Missile Forces Unit members performing maintenance on
- missiles. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 6 Feb 80
p 1)
79th Gp, 'truong Son Corps Completes construction of Ngoi Dan
(BINH DOAN] Bridge on the Luong Son-Hoa Binh section _
of Highway 6. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
6Feb80p1)
- 3rd Co, 5th Bn, 23rd Gp Personal disagreement between a VCP -
member and a member of the Youth Union
is resolved. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN -
6Feb80p3)
24th Gp Fought along the Kampuchea-SRV border.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 6 Feb 80 p 3)
Border Defense Post 120 Located in Binh Tri Thien Province.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 6 Feb 80 p 3) ~
Post 126 " " " "
Military Administration School, Past year's training and production
3rd MR activities reviewed. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
7Feb80p3)
_ `
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044 C:p Posted at a border location.~ (QUAN DOI
NHAN DAN 7 Feb 80 p 3) .
M.123 Infantry Gp Conducted two courses for 500 platoon,
company and battalion level cadre.
- Training included experiences of fighting
against the YRC. (QUAN DOI NHAN UAN
8Feb80p1)
3rd Engineer Regt Reaps benefits of its fresh water pisci-
- culture activities. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
8 I~eb 8Q p 2)
- ~ National Defense Factory 59, Personnel strive for high productivity.
Techc~ical General Department (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 8 Feb 80 p 2)
M113 Itegt. Sapper Branch Recently commended �or combat actions.
(NHAN DAN 1Q Feb 80 p 1)
_ 64th Mlssile Bn, Song Da Gp Photo of missiles on trucks. (QUAN DOI
;~?:3AN DAN 10 Feb 80 p 1)
Medical Bn, B.48 Infautry Gp Photo of personnel di.gging irrigation
ditch. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 10 Feb 80 p 1}
600th Gp, 7th t4R Raising fresh water fish at Bai Cat Tien.
60% of the personnel are natives of Ha
Nam Ninh Province. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
lOFeb80p2)
Tam Dao Gp Constructed a 15 kilometer road from a
state farm to a hi~hland villaRe.
(QUAN DOI NHA.N DAN 11 Feb 80 p 2)
5th Regt. Truong Son Corps Working on the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 10 Feb 80 p 2)
Engineer Technical School, Engineer VCP activi~ies described. (QUAN DOI
Command NHAN DAN 12 Feb 80 p 3)
Haiphong Coastal Defense Forces Measures to maintain order and security
Post 28 during Lunar New Year holiday period
- Post 30 outlined. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 13 Feb 80
Post 34 p 1) ~
Post 38
Statian 303
Headquarters Co, Ba Be Gp, Radar Most unit members are women. (QUAN DOI
- ~orces NHAN DAN 13 Feb 80 p 3)
- H.06 Gp SkiJled driver instructs recruits. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 14 Feb 80 p 3)
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48th Military Hospital Unit personnel concoct burn salve from =
local materials. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN ~
18 Feb 80 p 2)
let Co, 3rd Bn, M.66 Artillery Gp Photo of inen moving up ammunition.
~ (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 18 Feb 80 p 3)
lOth Signal Det, N.13 Engineer Gp Photo of inen transporting equipment.
_ (QUAN DQI NHAN DAN 19 reb 80 p 1) _
5th Co, Sth Cp Located on the northern border. (QUAN
DOI NH~.N DAN 19 Feb 80 p 2)
14th Bn, 129th Gp Unit member remembered for his combat
exploits against the PRC invaders in 1979. _
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 19 Feb 80 p 3)
_ 19th Gp, Sth MR Assists in settling nomads at E Ka Nop,
Ko Rong Ding Village. (QUAN DOI NHAN
DAN 20 Feb 80 p 2) _
_ 3rd Co, H.4 Gp He1pQd defend the Nam Tan Valley against ~
PRC invaders in 1979. (QUAN DOI NHAN
DAN 20 Feb 80 p 3)
4th Gp A front line unit. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
20 Feb 80 p 3)
Sung l~un~; Up, 1et Mlt Maintaina good discipline. (QUAN DU[
NHAN DAN 21 Feb 80 p 1)
Khe Sanh Infantry Gp Self support farmin.g results given.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 21 Feb 80 p 1)
- 29.C Engineer Gp Photo of unit constructing a floating _
bridge. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 21 Feb 80
p 1) ~
27th Air Force Gp Commended for good flying record.
(QUAN DOI N'r1AN DAN 21 Feb 80 p 3)
lst Bn, Khanh Khe Gp On frant line duty. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
21 Feb 80 p 3)
23rd Regt Unit gets off to good start in 1980.
(QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 21 Feb 80 p 3)
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Air Uefense Command Units participate in marksmanship trial.
O81 C,p (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 21 Feb 80 p 3)
075 Gp
067 Gp
3rd Co, 12th Cp Unit eignal peraonnel do well. (C~UAN _
DOI NHAN DAN 21 ~eb 80 p 3)
Navy Specialist Petty Officer VCP activities reportad. (QUAN DOI NHAN
- School DAN 22 Feb 80 p 1) ~
Photo of troo s fordin stream. (QUAN
- 3rd Bn, Ba Gia Gp P g
DOI NHAN DA1V 22 Feb 80 p 1) -
263rd Missile Gp Photo of missiles on aarriers. (QUAIV -
DOI NHAN DAN 22 Feb 80 p 1) _
Binh Minh Regt Engaged in road construction. (QUAN
DOI NHAN DAN 22 ~'eb 80 p 2) ,
8.75 Cp, Sth MR Constructed housing for combat outpost
personnel. (QUAI3 DOI NHAN DAN 22 Feb 80
~ p 2)
110th Military Hospital Commended for groduction of inedicines _
from local materials. (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN
22 Feb 80 p 3)
H.34 Anti Aircraft Artillery Gp, Combat readiness activities outlined.
Tay Nguyen Corps [Corps] (QUAN DOI NHAN DAN 22 Feb 80 p 4)
72nd Cp, Capital Military Region Photo of unit aYmored ~ar and suppoxzing
infantry. (HANOT MOI 27 Jan 80 p 1)
756th Cp Help people of Soc Son District, Hanoi -
dig irrigation ditches. (HANOI MOI
- 7Feb80p1) ~
CSO: 4209
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- MILITARY AFFAIRS AND PUBLIC SECURITY
BRIEFS
CONDITIONS IN REEDUCATION CAMP--Three morths following the fall of Saigon
Lucien Trong, assistant instructor at the University [of SaigonJ attempted
to leave his country. He was arrested and sent to a"reeducation" camp
where he remained far 3 years. 'iWe worked from 12 to 16 houra a day. For
the slightest infraction we were loc~ced up in one of the U.S. Arm~?'s _
metal conex containers. From aix to ten people were crammed into these
two meter square boxes, their arma bound to their backe and their feet
chained to a bar. There was no ventilation and the prisoners were eoaked
in their excrements." This was w�orse than the tiger cages of the old re-
gime. Lucien Trong will publieh his account in "Enfer rouge, mon amour"
[Red Hell, My Love] which will appear on 8 May. [Paria L'EXPRE~S in French
~ 26 Apr 80 p 110] '
CSO: 4200
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INTERNATIONAL REI,ATSONS~ TR.~1DE AND AID
~
STRENGTHEDTING VIE'fNAM'S ROLE IN CEMA
Moacow EKONOMICHESKOYE SOT.RUDNICHESTVO STRAN-CHLENOV S]~V in Ruasian -
No 1, 1980 pp 17-21
[Article by Vladilen Prokudin, head of a department of CEMA Secretariat:
_ "Strengthening Scientific and Technical Tiea of the Sor~.ialist Republic
of Vietnam With Other Countries of the Socialist Community"]
- [Text] In connection with the conference of experts of -
interested CEMA member-countries on questio~ns of providing
aid in the developinent of science and technology of SRV -
CSocialiat Republic of Vietnam~ for the period of 1981-
1990.J
With tt~e Socialiat Republic of Vietnam becoming a memher of the Council of
~conomic t~futual Aid in July 1978, new prospects opened u~+ for developin~;
_ the republic's economy, science and technology and further strengthening
_ tlte ;~RV's cooperation with other countries of the socialist community.
In mr~rking this ma jor event, the chief of the i1SSR de].e~ation to the 32nd _
meetin~; of the C~MA Sesaion, member of the Politburo of the CPSi1 Central
Committee~ Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers f'omrade A.PI. Kosy~in
emphasized: "Vietnam already has important eccmomic ties with our c~untries
and theae tiea in proportion to its economic development will undoubtedly
be expanded, inasmuch as Vietnam possesses ].arge, potential prospecCs in the
_ field of econoffics.
'VieCnam's 3oining the CEMA speaks of the continuing ral.lying of the coun- ~
triea of world socialism around the b anner of Lenin's ideas."
At the 14th Congreas o~ the Communist Party of Vietnam in December 1~76, -
the.economic cour.se of development in the new stage was spelled out: "To
speeri up socialist industrialization, to create a material~technical base
for socialism, to achieve the conversion of our country's economy from
small-scale production to large-scale socialist production. To most ration- -
- ally develop heavy industry on the basis of development of agriculture and
light industry, to combine the building of industry and agriculture,
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transforming them into a~in~;le industrial-agrarian structure; ...to trans-
form Vietnam into a socialist state caith a modern induatrial-agrarian econ-
omy, advanced culture, ecience and technology, reliable defense and a cult-
ural and happy life."1
The Sociallst Repub lic of Vietnam has undertaken tlie cr.eation of a material- -
technical base for socialism, bypasaing the capitali.st stage of develoPment -
aftex a long, vitter war and ia at tl~e present time oUli~ed to use a~art of
iCa economic and manpaaer resourcea for the defense of its frontiers. In
- this situation, the SRV is directing its eff orts first of all to the solu-
tion of outatanding economic problems, including the satisfaction of the
population~~ needs for food products, housin~ and clothing.
On epeaking at the 33rd meeting of the CEMA Session, chief of. the SRV dele-
- gation, member of the CPV Politburo, SRV Prime Piinister Comrade Pham Van
Don~; emphasized: "Today, when a world system of socialism and a Council of
L'conomic Mutual Aid exist, such developing countries like Vietnam, denend-
- ing primarily on their own efforts and receiving sincere help from the Sov~.-
et Union and the other socialist countries~ are fully able to nroceed di--
- rectly to socialism, to aucceeafully build a socialist soci.ety..."
Vietnam's ~oining of the CEMA was preceded by a lon~ period of cooneration =
with CEtdA member-countries on a bilateral basis. A special rnle has heen
ancl is being played by the Soviet Union. Taith the assistance of the USSR,
modernization and construction ia ~oin~ on of more than 270 national-econ-
omic facilities of which approximately 190 have already been built. A~ree-
menta between the USSR and the SRV provide for the erection of 15 thermal
and hvdraulic electric power stations; of these 13 have a total capacity i.n
exceas of 40U,U00 kilowatts already in operation. Amonp,, those under con-
struction--one of the most powerful in Southeast Asia is.on the River Pa
(I31ack) with a capacity of 1.7 million kilawatts and the thermal Pha Lai 2
electric power station with a capacity of 640,000 kilowatts. Of ma~or im-
portance Co the repub lic wi11 be the commissioning of. the He Tam coal -
mine with a productivity of 2.4 million tons per year, expansion of the
min in ttie region of Vang Xanh, and tl~e Bim Son Cement Plant and a].so _
ttie expan~ion of the Lao Kai Apatite Mine (for ttie production. of J..6 mi.l-
lion tons of concentrate a year) .
- In the �ield of the chemical induatry joint efforts ~re bei.n~ used in tl~e
- construction of a caustic-soda plant with a producCivity o� Fih,~00 tons a
year, a nitro~en fertilizer Plant wiCh a productivity of. 600 tans of am- -
monia a day and a rayon fiber plant with productivity of 20,~Of~ tons of -
_ �ini.shed vroduct a year. House-construction combines are being expancled
in Hanoi and Iiaiphon~ and elsewhere. ~
1. 'IV s'yezd Kommunisticheskoy partii V'etn~r?a1� [The 4th C~n~ress of the
Communist Party of Vietnaml� Moscaw. Politizdat, 1977, p 421.
_ 2, Names in slantlines are in tranaliterated form.
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Si~nifi.cant aid is also being providec~ to tlie SRV by other counCries of the
socialist community: Bulgaria--in growth of pr.oduction of materials han-
dlin~ equipment and conetruction materials, in the development and workinp "
of copper deposita, in development of electr.ic power and in Che processin~ ~
of agricultural raw materials~ ~iunFary--in the or~anization of Producti.on
of ineans of communication, electrical ec~uipment, in carrying out of ~*eolog-
ical prospecting work and in the construction of a numl~er of facilitiea for -
ttie production of tools, furniture and medicinal nlants; GDR--in the cre-
ation of ferrous metallurgy and enterpriaes for xepair of ec~uipment and
household eppliances; Republic of Cuba--in organization of production of.
augarcane and developmenC of animal husbanciry and the buildin~ nf. ~ang
Loi Hotel in Hanoi; Poland--in measures for increasing coal production
_ and developing traneport and in conatruction of a ahipyard; Czeclioslovakia
--in the field of electric power engineering, radio en~in~ering, machine
buildin~ and light industry.
Simultaneously with the expansion of bilateral ties, multilateral forms of
cooperat~on also deepened. For a number of years, representativea of the
- 5RV h ave participated as observera in the work of sesaions of the CEMA and -
the CEPiA Permanent Comn?ission for Foreign Trade. Vietnam is a member of
Che Organization of Cooperation of Railroads, the Organi~ation of Coopera-
tion of Socialist Countriea in the Field of Electric Linka~;e and Poetal
~ommunication, the United Institute of iduclear Research, the International
_ Center of Scientific-Technical Information and the Conference of Represen-
tatives of the Academies of Sciences of Socialist Countries.
At the 87th meeting of the CEMA Executive Comeaittee (October 1978), ques-
- tions were discuseed on assistance to the SRV in the restoration of the na-
tional economy and the construction of a material-technical base for social-
, ism. In particular, conerete meaeures were outlined for the coordination
of cooperaCion in compleCing the restoration of the most important ratlroad ~ _
trunkline connecting Hanoi with Ho Chi Minh City and also �or continu8tion -
of tha construction of installationa on which China has diacontinued coop-
- eration. In the Declaration of the 89th meeting of. the CLMA Executive Com-
mittee, it is emphasized in the name of Bulgaria, ~iungary, the GAR, the -
Republic of Cuba, Mongolia, Poland, the USSR and Czechoslovakia in connec-
tion with China's aggression aga~.nst the SRV that the C~MA member-countries,
developing all-round economic cooper~tinn, are given the Vietnamese people
aid in atrengthening its socialist economy, in buildinR important national-
economic installations.
On the baeis of an analysis of its real possibilities* the Vietnamese side '
directed a request on organizing multi-lateral cooperation for Che peri-
- od 19$1-199p in the following fields; agriculture and forestry, ].ight in-
duetry, fuel-pawer aectora, geolog}? and the extractive induatry, machine
building and electronics, construction materials industry, transport ar?d
ecientific and technical cooperation. The Vietnamese side turned to the
- fraternal countries with a request to provide assistance in the solution o.f.
outetanding problema in the field of acience and technolopy for 11 -
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directions (proFrams) and through these directions to help in strengthening
the country~s scientific-technical potential. '~he outstandin~ tasks include
the realization of three programs: one of ttiem is concerned with providin~
the population with foodstuffs; it envisa~ee th~ development o� pxoduction
_ of certr~in kinds of food crope, animxl 1?uabandry and f.resh-water piscicul-
ture; the other two aten? from concern for the health of the pop~ilation,
- beinR aimed at ttie treatment of certain epecif.ic tr.opical diaeases and the
use of Vietnam's medieinal reaources. Fulfillment of these programs c�~oulc~
re~ult in curtailed imports in the future of pharmaceuticals and medicines.
A most important question for the country is provision of. the national econ-
- omy wiCh energy, fuel and raw materials. For the salution of this problem,
the Vietnamese aide proposed a program of cooperation connected with pro-
apecting for and complex utilization of the brown-coal field in the area of
the Hanoi depresaion, a program of utilization of atomic energy for peace-
ful purposes and a program of complex utilization of the basalt weathering
crust in the central part of Central Vietnam and also large deposits of =
high-quality quartz sand. "
It stiould be emphasized in this connection that at the 33rd meeting of the
CEMA Sesaion, the Vietnamese side announced its readinesa to take part in
the xealization of lon~-term goal programs of cooperati~n. At the same
meetinq, the C~MA Session adopted an important decieion to apply to the
_ SRV the principal poaitions of the Complex Program for acceleration of the
_ development of its economy as was done in regard to Iiongolia and the Repub- :
lic of Cuba for the purpoae of assieting the ef.forts of the heroic Vtetnam-
ese people in the building of aocialism. Thia also applies to measures for
s~ientific-te dinical cooperation.
Today Vietnam, whoae history includes one hundred years of French colonial
dominance, ten years of war against the French colonialists and twenty
years of war against the American imperialists and the successful repulsion
of China's Rggreseive attacks, is creating and developing its scientifie-
technical potential.
- In the deciaiona of the 4th CPV Congress it is indicated that industriali-
zation of the counrry requires the "simultaneous waging of three revolu-
tiona--in the field of production relations, scientific-technical and in
the field of ideology and culture; moreover, the scientific-technical is
the key element."1
Today the country has more than 3,000 doctors and candidates of sciences,
200,OU0 pereone with higher education, 410,000 with secondary education,
1,2U0,000 skilled workers. This large army of specialista has contributed
1. "IV s"yezd Kommunisticheakoy partii V'yeCnama" [The 4th Congress of Che
_ Conununiet Party of Vietnam~. Moacow, PolitiZdat, 1977, pp 420-421. -
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to the stable operation and normal course of enterprises follawing the de-
parture of foreign specialists from the country and naa plays an important
role in the solution of national-economic tasks. For the development af '
_ the cadre component of the scientific-technical potential of the republic
tt~ere is a created network of VUZ's and tekhnikums which includes 46 VUZ~s
and 263 apecialized institutions. Today the SRV liAS more than 1~200 candi.-
date~ and doctars of sciences, 12,800 specir~liats with tiipher education -
working in the W7,'s.
~t the preaenC time~ the Socialist Republic of Vietnam has 83 sci.entif.ic-
- research institutione; of these 73 are within the system of sectorial min- -
istries and 10 within the eyatem of the National Sc;ientific-Research Center.
In addition, there are 21 planning institutea attached to sectorial minis-
tries and about 20 scientific-research inetitutes engaged in aocial-science
problems.
A special place among SRV scientific-researcti institutions is occupied by `
the National Scientific Center, which includes institutes dealin~ with math-
em~tics, physics, biology, earth sciences, oceanography, cybernetics and
computer technolog}r, chemiatry, mechanics, a laboratory for the study of
tropical eyuipment and the Nuclear Scientific-R.esearcti Institute. The
Center, which is actually Vietnam's main scientific institution in the
field of the b asic sciences, went into operation durinp, the days of cele-
_ bration o~ tlie sixtieth anniversary of the Great ~ctober. Socialist Revolu-
tion and is an excellent symbol o� the help and cooperatior. existinp, be- ~
tween the SRV, Clie Soviet Union and also other fraternal socialist
countries.
T't~er.e should he em~hasized the dynamic character of the development of tlie ,
SRV research base. Thirty scientific-research institutiona, comprisin~; 3fi `
percent ~f the total number, were created 1(1 years apo and the same numher
from 5 to 10 years ago, while 23 are less tlian S vears in existence. Sci-
eiice in Vietnam is younp, not only in terms o.f tl~e time of creation and de-
velo~~ment but also in regard to Acienti�ic cadres (aee t~ble).
- 5pecialists worl:in~ in the sphere of science anc~ technology make a contrih-
ution to tlte development of the republic's national economy. In the �ield
- of machinQ building, there have been developed and put in production the
~i130 and rt722 planers, the 2620V milling macltine, a 63(1-ton hydraulic press, c
- a system of attached implements for 80-hp tractors, harvestinQ combines,
- seinere witti a 4~0-ton dead~ieigl~t, dry-cargo vessels with a 10~-Con dead-
wei~lit~ seagoing Acows with a 2,000-ton k~ater disPlacement and stanclardized
equipment for plants producing bricks with a capacity of ?_0 million each
per year.
In metallurgy, reaearch tias been going on an~i a manufacturin~ Process for
- the production of ref.ractory materials from local materials ie being used ir.
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Tab le. Age Structure of SRV Scientific Cadre Potential _
(based on data as of the end of 1978)
Up to 30 From 31 rrom 41 Over 5~~
to 40 to 55
Witt~ a degree 102 1,243 1,437 54
3.59~6 43.82% 50.66% 1.9%
_ Idith hi~her education 48,139 4fi,729 24,645 1,265
39.86% 38.69% 20.4% ~.04%
With aecondary specialized
ed~acation 16,916 13,812 13,129 1,003
37.71% 30.79% 29.26% 2.23'!
Total nuanber 65,175 61,779 39,211 2,32T.
36.68% 36.61% 23.27% 1.37% _
uroduction; partial replacement of imported coke with local varieties of
coaJ. is naw being carried out and a local experimental installation has
been built for the production rolls with 650- and 840-mm diameter.
' Zhe corresponding scientific-research institutes of the SRV have accumulated
experience in designing substations and transmission lines with a voltage of
up to 230 kv, hydroelectric pawer stations and thermal electric power sta-
tiona with a capacity of 100 Mw, coal mines with a capacity of 300,000 tons
per year and coal open-cut mines with a capacity of 1 million tons per year,
- small enterprises, for example, paper factories with a capacity of up to
1,000 tone per yeax and glass plants with a capacity of ur to 1,000 tons
per year.
In construction, scientific institutes solved a number of probl.ems connected _
with the production of construction materials and introduced advanced tech-
nologies into production. In the transport field, bridpes were desi~ned and
b uilt ~dith prestressed reinforced concrete and length of spans of. up to 50
meters; a technology was developed and introduced of producing vessels with
- hulls made from reinforced concrete. _
_ Water-management institutes are conducting research and Planning ~aork f.or
creation of irrigation systems and hydroengineering s+trtictures.
Geological institutes are carrying out searches, prospectin~ and evaluation
of deposiCa with modern methods.
Successful coordination of the work of SRV scienti�ic-research institutions
hae been helped to a great degree by a system of organs for the control of
SRV science and technology, first of all the State Committee �or Science and
Technology.
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Tliere l~ae also been cr.eated a State System of Scientific-Technical Ir.forma-
tion with the Central Institute of Scientif:Ic-'iec~inical Information under
the SR~' State Committee for Science and Teclin~lo~y and the Inf.ormation In-
stiti~te for Social Sciences under tl~e Committee for Social Sciences as head _
or~;anizations, aectorial centers of scientitic-tec}~nical information and
bureaua of scientific-tec~inical information attsctied t~ sc~.enti.fic-researcl~
institutions.
With ttie devplopment of a system of control organs for science and tec}m~l-
oSy~ a syetem of acientific-tecl~nical plannin~ ~;radiially came into exis*_-
ence. In 1971, on the decision of the SRV ~overnment, a section callPrl
"Plan f.ar Science and Technology" ~eas included in t}~e nationAl-economir_
_ Plan as a component part of it. At the present time, the section "Science
and Technology" in the five-year plan includes at all levels of the nation-
- al economy tlie following provisions:
1. Introduction of technical progress (introduction of. achievements of
science and technology in production, fabr.ication of ne~�~ nroducts).
2. Scientific-technical research.
3. Ensurinp and raising of production quality.
4. Development, replacement and introduction of standards anA technical
norms. -
5. Prociuction~ repair and verification of ineastirin~; instruments.
6. Study and conservation of natural resources and natural con~itions.
7. Scientific-technical information.
= 8. International scientific-tecl?nical cooperation. -
9. Capital construction for scientific institutiona. -
10. Requirements for finances, for material-technical resources and for
scientific-technical cadres for ensuring of scientific-technica.l activity.
As is emphasized in the materials of the State Committee for Science and -
Technalogy, the SRV is in need of. further strengtheninR of tlie material-
technicaY b ase of scientific institutions, of traininn hroad-prof.ile scien-
tific cadres, including those engaged in questions of development and con-
trol of acience and technology in Vietnam, of improvinR the system of infor-
mation �or wide-scale provision of specialists and scienti�ic personnel with
in�armation on the latest achievements of science and technoloRy abroad and =
in the improvement of the connection of science to the national economv and
orientation of the exieting scientific-technical potential to the solution
of concrete strategic economic problems. At the same time, special atten-
tion is being devoted to problems connected with the development of
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agriculture, forestry and pisciculture, li~ht industry, construction for
the satiafaction of the demands of ttie population for foodstuffs and the
creation of. needed housing conditions and nalcin~ avAi.]able the primar~ nec-
essities of life. And all this should be done witl~ simultaneous imrrovement
of control over ttie country's tectinical development, makin~ maximal ~ise of _
the material-technical base and capacities of installed machinery and eRuip-
ment and creating a system of ineasuremenC, standardization of rroduct~, es-
pecially in regard to export products. The task is beinp set of increasin,v, -
work relatin~; to the study xnd search far natural resources for the purpose
of rationally utili~inq them. Together with the further study of natural
conciitions tl~ia will contribute Co the improvement of planninr the develap-
ment of the country's economy, s cience and technolop,y. -
It should be kept in mind that partly because of limited economic poasihil-
- ities and as the conaequence of the destruction caiised by the o~ar a si~nif.�- -
icant portion of the institutes is operatinp, in temporary structures and
most inatruments, equiPment and materiala for research have to be imported; -
moreover, in a number of cases iastitutions require completion of inatalla-
tion of equipment and instruments. With these mea~ures in mind, a number
- of. measures have been adopted in the republic aimed at overcoming existent =
difficulties in the development o� acience and technoloAy, includin~; con-
centration of a aignificant part of the scientific-technical potential on
ttie so lution of key atate scientific-technical pro~rams, increased expan- _
aion of current expenditures and capital investment in the aphere of sci-
ence and technology~ imrrovement o� material-technical provision of scien-
tific institutions, creation of a system of traininr and retraining of.
skilled apecialists and expaneion of scientific-technical information. _
In this connection, a speci~l role is bein~ assifined to ST?V scientif.ic-
- teclinical ties witti otlier CEMA member-cottntries. Ttiese ties are proc~~in~
stronger from year to year. The free donation by the Soviet Union of more
th an 2,000 aete of acientific-teclinical documentation has contributed to
the successful designing and construction of SRV national-economic proiects.
_ Much help is also being given to the SRV in the training of scientific and
tect~nical cadres. Solely with the help of tlie USSR, more thrui 6(1,00(1 Viet-
namese specialists and skilled workers have been trainin~ since March 1959;
in tliat time more than 11,000 Vietnamese citizens graduated f rom Soviet
VU7.'s ruid tekhnikums. In the same period, more than 6,000 Soviet special-. -
ists served in Vietnam. ~
Thiring 1977-1.978, aUout 4,500 Vietnamese young men and women went to Bul-
garia for study. ~
In the period prior to 1977, 2,500 sl:illed Vietnamese warkers, teclinicians
anci engineers underwent traininp in the GDR. In 1979, fivp himdred ~~iet-
namese graduated f.rom GDR vocational sctiools and 120 obtained tlie sPec3alty
of pedRgog-en~ineers. Before 1980 another 15,0~0 Vietnameae wi]1 return to
the motherland from the GDR as skilled workers, technicians and engineers.
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In recent years, direct scientific-tect?nic11 tie.s het~~reen ministries and
clepnrtmentR of C~rtA memberi-countries and tl~e ~RV f~ave been hroadly develo~-
ed. The s~il~;~ect matter of scientific-technir_Rl c~operation t~etween CrMA _
memLer-countries and the SRV ia bein~ coordinaterl for tl~P 1~81-]9A~i Periocl.
_ .1uet between the US ~R and tlie SRV t}ie themc~e for thiR peric?d inel~~de tlie
devalopment af. 9p of thP moet important scientific-technical pr~blem9 in ?.fl
- aectora of tlie naCional economy.
Idithin the frame4~ork of cooperation on strenPtl~eninQ the materia.l-cechn~cAl. -
ht19P. of science, the Vietnamese has selectPCl 25 scienttfic"TP.AeArC~l facil.i-
_ tieR that are in need of being supplied caith equipment ~nd instrtiment~.
Firet of all theae are inatallations which have already accumulated certain _
- experience in the organization and operation of. research but are inade-
quately provided with modern equipment and are in need of skilled ecientif- -
' ic cadres.
For the purpose of further study of the question of providinr~ assistance to
the accelerated development of SRV science and technologv, a conference of
experts o� interested C~PiA member-countries waA held in Vietnam (in the
cities of I{anoi and lio Chi Minh) 25-31 Octoher ].979.
Conference membere were received by member of the Politbiiro of the CPV Cen-
tral Committee, SRV Prime Minister Comrad Pham Van Dong, member of the CPV
Central Committee, Chairman of the SRV State Committee for Science and TPch-
- nology Comrade Tran ~uynh and member of the ('PV Central Coranittee, Chairman
_ of the H~ Chi Minh City People~s Soviet Comrade My Thi. Tho.
The conf.erence membera visited a number of SRV acientific-researc}? insti-
t~itea. The Vietnamese side acquainted the representatives of the countrtes
_ with the state of development of SRV science and technolo~}? and with out-
standing taska in this field stemming from the Reneral tasks of national-
economic development.
IC was pointed out that in the exietence of a certain cadre scientific-
technical potential a lag is obaerved of tiie material-technical base, which
aerves as a hindrance to more effective utilization of cadres in ttie ~olu- -
tion of scientific-technical tasks on the level of present requirements.
The experts of the CLMA member-countriea inf.~rmed the Vietnamese side of
the work done in each of the countries relatin~ to study of the Pro~zram of
Participation of Interested CEt4A Member-Countries in the Realization of. the
Plan of Accelerated Development o� SRV Science and Technology to 1~90 and
the List of Scientific-Technical Facilities in whose creation the SRV asks _
the CEMA member-countries to provide assistance in the indicated perio~3.
They also noted the desire of the parties in proviclin~ assietance to the
development of SRV science and Cechnology to concentrate their partici~+a-
tion on those facilities in which each of the sides possesses the most
favorahle possibilities snd conditions for providin~ effective assistanc.e
to the SRV in the develogment of science and technolo~y. -
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In ttii~ connection, a common desire was e~hasized cahen assistin~ the Viet-
namese side in the future in the solution of tasks of science and
technology :
(r~) to tnke into conaideration and develop existinr b1lnCeral. acientific- -
CE'.CI111~CR1 Cies, tryin~; to tie tliem in as cl~s~ly t~s r033~h1E'. to econnmtc .
cooperat~on; -
(b) to strive as far as possible that each of tlie countries, in tbe devel-
orment of proposals relatin~; to f.acilities, undertakes ~pecif3.c installa-
tiona in cahose estublishment (fittin~ out ~vitt~ r~ccessary equipment and ma-
terials~ trainin~ and retrainin~ of cadres) j.t pr.ovides the greatest possi.-
l~le assistance (in the case of an agreement invol.vtn~* several cotmtries, a _
coordinaCor-country is determined for tlze Provision of. multilateral assist-
ance in the estaUlishment of. an individual facility); _
(c) to titilize already existin~; cooperation in the f.ramework of tl~e r~PiA
(principally on ttie basis of signed or prenared for si~;nin~ afireementg on
- scientif.ic-technical cooperation) in the solution of scj.entific-resear.ch
problem9 set by ttie Vietnamese side throupt~ the inclusion of. ~lietnamese -
scientific-research or~anizations (specialists) in multilateral co~Peration. _
71~e paet conf.erence was the first multilateral consultation c~hich wtl.l be
followed by an agreement on the volume and conditions c+f technieal.assist-
ance on bilateral basis, first of all in the coordination of f.ive-year
national-economic plans. '
Ttie assistance of. C;FTtA member-countr.ies in the accel~rated development of.
SRV acience and tecl~nology aerves as a new confirmation of. the constructive
power of fruternal cooperation concernin~ which mention was made in the ' _
greetinR in connection with the 30t~i anniversary of the cFr~A. by General
S~cretRry of the (;PSU Central Committee, Chair.mAn of. the Presidium of the
U55R Supreme Soviet (",omrade L.I. Brezl~nev: "Our socialist communi.ty is
distinp,~liahed by a harmonious combination of national and i.nternational
- interests and respect for the views and national characteristics of. each
inclividuAl country. In thia most likely is to be found tlie growing pres-
' ti~e of the C~1~iA."
CUPYRIGItT: Sovet ekonomicheskoy vzaimopomoshchi, Sekretariat,
- ;�toscow, 1980
76�7
CS A : 1825 IND
- ,
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