SVOBODNYY ICBM COMPLEX DEPLOYED STRATEGIC SSM FACILITIES USSR JUNE 1969

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 28, 2005
• Sequence Number: 81
• Publication Date: June 1, 1969
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78TO4563AO00100010081-3 25X1
TOP SECRET
Basic Imagery Interpretation Report
NATIONAL
PHOTOGRAPHIC
INTERPRETATION
CENTER
DEPLOYED STRATEGIC SSM FACILITIES
USSR
JUNE 1969
TOP SECRET
RCA-01/0028/69
COPY NO : U
.19..... PAGES
GROUP 1: EXCLUDED FROM
AUTOMATIC DOWNGRADING
AND DECLASSIFICATION
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3
 25X1 Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78TO4563AO00100010081-3
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3
 d For Release 2007/021 0010081-3
TOP SECRET RCA-01/0028/69
I
Svobodnyy ICBM Complex
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
51-52-OON 128-16-OOE
I
MAP REFERENCE
SAC. USATC 200, Sheet 0203-3HL, 4th ed, Dec 65, scale 1:200,000 (SECRET); USATC 200,
Sheet 0198-25HL, 2d ed, Apr 66, scale 1:200,000 (SECRET)
ABSTRACT
The Svobodnyy ICBM Complex consists of eight SS-7 launch sites, 60 SS-11 launch
sites, and their supporting facilities. Portions of the complex were first observed in
Launch site construction was probably begun in~lthough the SS-11 sites were
not started until late= The last of the six SS-11 launch groups was completed in =
During =survey towers in a suspect deployment area and construction components
in the railhead and storage area indicated continuing expansion of this complex. How-
ever, the surveyed area was never developed and the construction components were
removed from the rail-to-road transfer point, probably to other complexes currently under
construction.
This report updates published information on the launch sites and other facilities at
the Svobodnyy complex. The report contains a map depicting site deployment, annotated
photographs of support elements with mensural data on significant structures, a bar chart
showing the construction timing of the launch groups, and a tabulated chronology of
the entire complex. Information is current through hotography of
INTRODUCTION
The Svobodnyy ICBM Complex, the easternmost Soviet ICBM complex, is approxi-
mately 25 nautical miles (nm) from the Amur River border with China (Figure 1).
The complex support facilities are about 21 nm north of the city of Svobodnyy be-
tween the Zeya River and the Trans-Siberian Railroad. Launch site deployment consists
of facilities for eight launch sites for the SS-7 missile system and 60 launch sites in six
groups of ten for the SS-11 missile system.
The complex is deployed over an area of approximately 1,000 square nm to the west,
north, and northeast of the city of Svobodnyy. The complex support facilities and the
rail-to-road transfer point are situated. near the small town of Kurgan, 21 nm north of
Svobodnyy, and on the Shimanovsk-Svobodnyy portion of the Trans-Siberian Railroad that
follows the Bolshaya Pera River through the complex. The complex probably utilizes
Svobodnyy Airfield, just north of Svobodnyy.
The terrain in the area slopes generally from north to south and is marked by nar-
row, sharp ridges. It drains into the Bolshaya Pera River, which flows south into the
Zeya River, east of Svobodnyy. The region is not conducive to agriculture, and only
scattered patches of land, mostly along the ridge tops, have been cleared of brush and
small trees for farming. A few small towns or villages are dispersed in the complex area,
mostly along the rail line and the Bolshaya Pera River. The climate is seasonal, with
cold winters and snow prevailing from mid-November to March.
The SAM defenses in the area include SA-2, SA-3, and SA-5 launch sites.
BASIC DESCRIPTION
The Svobodnyy ICBM Complex deploys both the SS-7 and SS-11 ICBM weapon sys-
tems. It contains eight SS-7 ICBM launch sites; 60 SS-11 ICBM single-silo launch sites
deployed in six groups, designated I through N; complex support facilities; a complex
headquarters command and control facility;
and a rail-to-road transfer point with an SS-11 training site. The first indications
of ICBM deployment in the Svobodnyy area occurred in Table 1), when the
TOP SECRET
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78TO4563A000100010081-3
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
 520 00
Approved For Release 2007102/ 10081-3
TOP SECRET
RCA-01/0028 I
I I 25X1
78N''-
?67N
70N 0
5145
059M
&
ANTENNA FIELD ~25K e
66M
* B31-3
127030
0
\43J D1
037K
54L J
56 L
J
50 L
ALTERNATE HEADQUARTERS ` s
COMMAND AND CONTROL
FACILITY
42J ?
211
f 30K
C33.2* 24K
40L
828.2 *
* 827.3
55L3
*A325
j3
? 76N
11I
68N
C;
RAIL-TO-ROADER
POINT
~iHEADQUARTERS 65M
COMMAND
AND
CONTROL
FACILITY
AIRFIELD
FIGURE 1. LOCATION MAP
TOP SECRET
x
12815
64M0
1'62M
Aroved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-R DP78T04563A000100010081-3
045L
26K 334K
29K
J
36K
MALAYA SAZANKA
NUCLEAR
WEAPONS ASSEMBLY
&
STORAGE AREA
080N
71N;.
73M
Complex road network
Railroad
SS-1 Type JIB or IID
launch site
AL SS-1 Type IIIA launch site
? SS-11 Type IIID group
control site
SS-11 Type IIID launch site
* SAM site
NAUTICAL MILES
It I
NPIC M-6470
~~ ra~l~l8?30'
 Approved For Release 2007/02122 : CIA-R DP78T04563A000100010081-3
Approved For Release 2007/02122 : CIA-R DP78T04563A000100010081-3
 Approved For Release 2007/q
TOP SECRET
0010001 to X11/0028/69
I :A
complex support facilities, the rail-to-road transfer point, and three of the SS-7 launch
sites were observed.
In 0 three triangular towers, probably for surveying, were observed in the
area between the N group and the Zeya River. The presence of these towers indicated
the possible preparation for deployment of another launch group in this area. During
the same time frame type IIID silo headworks materials were in evidence at the rail-
head and storage area in excess of what was needed for completing the silos under con-
struction. In these materials were no longer present in the railhead and
storage area and since no further deployment was in evidence at the complex it was ap-
parent the materials were shipped out, possibly to other complexes.
25X1
25X1
Launch Sites
Construction for the SS-7 launch sites probably started in =with three type IIB 25X1
soft launch sites. During =construction began on two type III) soft launch sites, and
the three initial type IIB sites were completed. In =construction started on two addi- 25X1
tional type III) launch sites and the one type IIIA triple-silo launch site, and during the
same year two of the type III) launch sites were completed. The two remaining type III)
sites and the type IIIA site were completed in 25X1
In the last quarter of = construction started on launch group I, which was the
initial deployment of SS-11 silos at this complex (Figure 2). During= construction was 25X1
started on launch groups J, K, and L. In = construction on the last two launch 25X1
groups, M and N, started, and launch groups I, J, K, and L were completed. In the 25X1
last two launch groups, M and N, were completed. There is no evidence as of 25X1
=that any more single-silo launch sites will be deployed at Svobodnyy.
Most of the SS-11 launch sites have inner and outer security fences with a site sup-
port building in between, but the number of fence rows, from one to three, varies at
each site. At most sites helicopter landing areas are under construction near the entrance
gates outside the security fencing.
Complex Support Facilities
The complex support facilities, which include administration and housing areas (Fig-
ure 3) and a railhead and storage area (Figure 4), are divided by a rail spur which
branches off the main Trans-Siberian rail line. The railhead and storage area is located
on the northwest side of the rail spur and the administration and housing areas on the
southeast side. Each is served by rail sidings extending into the areas. In addition, a
main road serves the areas and connects them to a primary road along the Trans-Siber-
ian Railroad. The administration and housing areas contain administration buildings, an
1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967
QUARTER AND YEAR
FIGURE2. CONSTRUCTION TIMING OF LAUNCH GROUPS
TOP SECRET
1968
1969
NPIC- M-~47~
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-R DP78T04563A000100010081-3
 25X1 Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78TO4563A000100010081-3
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3
 d For Rfb1'st2& - 1000100#-01/0028/69
approximately 120-bed hospital, elementary and secondary schools, heat- and powerplants,
a water and sewage system, a motor pool with maintenance garages, warehouses, recrea-
tion and civic facilities, apartment buildings, and barracks.
The railhead and storage area was used principally during construction of the com-
plex for the storage and handling of materials for construction of the launch sites and
associated structures. Many of the prefabricated concrete materials were produced by the
collocated batch and prefabrication plant.
Complex Headquarters Command and Control Facility
The complex headquarters command and control facility (see Figure 3),] serves
as the missile control center and is on the southeast side of the complex support fa-
cilities. It consists of an arch-roofed, earth-covered building with two lattice antenna
towers. A high-frequency communications facility is 2 nm to the north. An alternate
headquarters command and control facility with a high-frequency antenna field is under
construction between launch sites 24K and 25K, approximately 22 nm southwest of the
complex support facilities. This facility was first observed in the third quarter of
and is expected to be completed b
Rail-to-Road Transfer Point
The rail-to-road transfer point, 2 which provides facilities for missile maintenance
and servicing (Figure 6), is at the end of the complex rail spur and northeast of the
complex support facilities. It contains a transloading area for missiles; propellant hand-
ling facilities; a missile receiving, inspection, and maintenance (RIM) facility for SS-7
and SS-11 ICBMs; and a number of warehouses. A type IIID training site, designated
57X, is at the north edge of the transfer point.
TOP SECRET
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3
 Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78TO4563AO00100010081-3
(s) In Document Denied
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563AO00100010081-3
 TOP SECRET
$A=01 / 0028 / 69
MAPS OR CHARTS
SAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0203-311L, 4th ed, Dec 65, scale 1:200,000 (SECRET)
SAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0203-2HL, 2d ed, Sep 65, scale 1:200,000 (SECRET)
SAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0198-2511L, 2d ed, Apr 66, scale 1:200,000 (SECRET)
DOCUMENTS
1. NPIG L_ 7 Soviet ICBM headquarters Command and Control Facilities, Dec 68 (TOP
SECRET
2. NPIG. Analysis of Rail-to-Road Transfer Points Associated With the Soviet SS-11
ICBM, Jun 68 (TOP SECRE"
REQUIREMENT
COMIREX BR-A/002/69
NPIC Project 210168
25X1
25X1
TOP SECRET
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563AO00100010081-3
 Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3
TOP SECRET
TOP SECRET
Approved For Release 2007/02/22 : CIA-RDP78T04563A000100010081-3