KAPUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR CHANGES (Sanitized)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78B04560A000100010002-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 31, 2002
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: October 1, 1961
• Content Type: REPORT

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PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
CHANGES
KAPUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA
MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR
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NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
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KAPUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA
MISSILE TEST CENTER, USSR
CHANGES
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PREFACE
NPIC/R-8/61
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This report, prepared at the National Photographic Interpretation
Center in response to CIA requirement OSI/R-76/61, reports on the
hotographic coverage of the Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka Mis-
sile Test Center, and confines itself primarily to new developments
within the center photography
was used to update information derived from photog-
raphy 7' 1 Publications dealing with the overage
are listed in the References at the end of this report.
Although the hotography covers the entire Kapustin Yar
Rangehead, clouds cover up to 95 percent of the rangehead. Some areas
are cloud covered on all missions. The small scale and lack of image
definition inherent in the photography limit detailed analysis. Accordingly,
most of the mensural data included are only approximate. The term
"miles" used throughout this report means nautical miles, and all direc-
tions are referenced from true north.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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INTRODUCTION .......................... ........
LAUNCH COMPLEX C ...............................
1
Launch Areas ...................................
3
Support Facilities ................................
4
Electronics Facilities .............................
6
Bivouac Area ...................................
7
NEW SUPPORT AREA UNDER CONSTRUCTION ..............
7
SAM FACILITIES ...................................
9
OTHER AREAS
....................................
10
Launch Com
plex "A" ...........:...................
10
Launch Com
plex "D" ..............................
11
Launch Com
plex "E" ............ .......... .....
11
Launch Com
plex "G" ..............................
12
Rocket Laun
ch Complex ...........................
13
Former V-2
Launch Site ...........................
13
Test and Sup
port Complex ........ .................
14
Missile Fab
rication Complex ........................
14
Vladimirovk
a Base Support Complex ...................
14
Figure 1. Kapu
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
stin Yar/Vladimirovka Rangehead ......... faces
1
Figure 2. Laun
Unde
ch Complex "C" Showing New Launch Area (4C)
r Construction .........................
5
Figure 3. New
Support Area Under Construction .............
8
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PINWHEEL SITE
SAM LAUNCH COMPLEX/
`~ . INSTRUMENTATION SITE
SAM BASE
SUPPORT`
COMPLEX
TO STALINGRAD
/ ROCKET /
LAUNCH COMPLEX
-I--I--~-+- RAILROAD
PRIMARY ROAD
SECONDARY ROAD
--a--- POWER LINE
A--- INSTRUMENTATION SITE
. ...................... ESCARPMENT
FORMER V-2
LAUNCH SITE
RAIL SERVED
5UPPORT AREA
', i s
5 10
I
NAUTICAL MILES
RAIL SERVED
SUPPORT AREA U/C
UPPORT AREA EE
FIGURE APUSTIN YAR/VLADIMIROVKA RANGEHEAD. Red overprint shows areas which are new since
25X1 D Photography.
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INTRODUCTION
The
the Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka Missile Test Center
shows continuing expansion of the center
NPIC/R-8/61
photography of
(48-34N 45-53E)
(Figure 1). The major expansion observed is at Launch
Complex "C," where a new launch area is under construction. Another
significant addition is a rail- and road-served support area under con-
struction along the road from Kapustin Yar to Launch Complex "A." A
surface-to-air missile (SAM) launch site, new is under
develo ment, and two operational SA-2 SAM sites have been added to this
range These areas are discussed first in this report
and the other areas with fewer changes follow.
Although some changes were noted on coverage, it is
used mainly as a time base reference to report on construction progress.
LAUNCH COMPLEX "C"
The I (missions provided partial covera e of
this complex. The complex was completely cloud covered on the
photography.
The most significant item identified,
area under construction (designated Launch Area 4C).
was a new launch
The rail line under construction from Checkout and
Assembly Area 2C was being extended to Launch Area 1C
missions makes a
Poor weather on the
I I
comparison of individual facilities impossible. Therefore, in most cases
comparisons are made with the status as of the
raphy, on which all facilities in the complex were cloud free.
photog-
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The accompanying table shows the weather conditions of the compa-
25X1 rative coverages on photography at the individual facilities in
the complex. Clouds and cloud shadow prohibit detailed analysis of many
of these facilities.
Table 1. Comparative Coverage of Launch Complex C.
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Launch Areas
1C
2C
Support Facilities
Assembly Area 1C
Assembly & Checkout 2C
Assembly Area 3C
Checkout Area 1C
Checkout Area 3C
Admin & Housing Area
Unidentified Area
Electronics Facilities
Site Cl
Site C2
Site C3
Site C4
Site C5
Hhombics
Interferometer Site
Bivouac Area
No report
No change
I
No change
No change
No change
No change
No change
No change
,No report
No change
No change
Now communications control center
Now interferometer
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Launch Areas
Although there has been no change in Launch Area 1C I __J
the rail line under constructio was being ex-
tended to this launch area. Launch area 1C may serve as a point at which
rail-mobile launch systems will be developed. This system may utilize
developed missiles and only the handling and ground support equipment
may be undergoing research and development. Ground scarring indicates
that the field troop-training sites north of the launch area have been
active, but no sites in addition to the four present F seem
to have been constructed.
Launch Area 2C has not been observed here
is no apparent change in Launch Area 3C
A new launch area (4C) in an early stage of construction was identi-
fied at Launch Complex "C" (Figure 2) on the photography.
Partial cloud cover and cloud shadow preclude a detailed analysis. The
area is 2,100 feet south of Launch Area 3C and in line with the four exist-
ing launch pads at Complex "C." The area is served by an improved road
which branches south from the service road for Launch Area 3C. The
point of intersection is obscured by clouds but when the road is projected
it intersects northwest of Checkout Area 3C. The south terminus of the
road is also obscured by clouds. A road approximately 1,200 feet long
branches off to the east to serve the launch area. Another new road, just
to the west, leads south toward Vladimirovka.
Because of ground scarring, only one fence can definitely be identi-
fied. Two scars perpendicular to this fence line, one to the north and one
to the south, probably indicate the other fence lines. Combined, these
scars enclose an area of approximately 3,800 by 1,000 feet.
This new launch area resembles Launch Area 2C. It appears to be
rectangular in shape, but is more than twice the length and about the same
width as 2C (2C measures 1,700 by 1,200 feet). About 750 feet from the
north fence line is a possible pad under construction. Its ultimate size
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and configuration cannot be determined at present. Two pairs of parallel
objects west of the pad and oriented at right angles to the fence line could
be counterparts of the vehicle stalls abutting the pads at Launch Area 2C.
If another pad were located 750 feet in from the south fence (this
point is obscured by cloud and cloud shadow), the distance between pads
would be 2,300 feet. This is an unusually great distance to separate pads
as evidenced by techniques employed at the Kapustin Yar Missile Test
Center in the past few years. If two other pads were evenly spaced in the
2,300-foot expanse, the four pads would be separated by about 800 feet
on center. The pads at 2C are separated by a distance of 850 feet on
center.
There are 14 buildings, ranging from 60 to 100 feet located west of
the access road approximately 3,000 feet north of the service road to the
launch area. No other buildings can be identified in the immediate area.
Another area of activity is located farther south. The access road
passing Launch Area 4C terminates under the cloud. The only recogniz-
able feature other than an extensive amount of ground scarring is a prob-
able road, oriented approximately north-south and in alignment with the
existing launch pads of this complex.
A straight ground scar, probably a covered ditch, leads south from
the gate of the launch area. It appears to connect near the power line
along the road behind Launch Complex "D." A diamond-shaped ground
scar is located about 500 feet north of the launch area.
No instrumentation ground patterns were identified.
Support Facilities
The only significant addition to the support facilities at Launch Com-
25X1 D plex "C" F lis the extension of the rail line from As-
sembly and Checkout Area 2C (Figure l) the line appeared
25X1 D to terminate at the Complex Control Center. It has since been extended
to Launch Area IC where it terminates.
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ROAD
TRACK ACTIVITY
FENCE
1000
I
FEET
2000 3000
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An area of building activity (Figure 1) located approximately 4,000
feet north/northwest of the Administration and Housing Area now appears
25X1 D to be complete photography indicates that only four buildings
25X1 D have been added This makes a total of 17 buildings
in the area.
No changes were observed at the other support facilities. Table 1
provides a comparative analysis of the individual support facilities.
Electronics Facilities
25X1 None of the instrumentation sites visible on photography
25X1 appear to have changed since I photography
25X1 D Due to the small images of these sites, however, it is probable that only
major expansion could be seen on this later photography.
A new, probable communications control center has been constructed
25X1 D immediately south of the rhombic antenna field identified F
25X1 D1IThis facility appears to be fenced and measures about 1,000 by
200 feet. Only one building can be identified within the fenced area.
An interferometer site (Figure 1), believed to be under construction
25X1 D can now be confirmed. This site, together with the
fenced facilities immediately to the north, has been designated the Range
Instrumentation Site. It is discussed here because of its proximity to
Launch Complex "C," although it probably serves all the launch complexes.
It is east of the main access road and the branch spur rail line, and ap-
proximately 8,000 feet north of the Administration and Housing Area. In
25X1 D it contained not only the interferometer site in the early
stage of construction but also two fenced areas. Combined, these areas
contained approximately 10 buildings, inducing a 20-foot domed silo with
25X1 D a building, 5 vans, and several miscellaneous items such
as buried tans and various types of vehicles. Since this portion of the
25X1 D site is obscured by clouds and haze, no expansionF
can be determined.
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Bivouac Area
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the bivouac area (Figure 1) was divided into seven
distinct areas which were each set off by a plowed strip. These strips
were neither uniform in configuration nor equal in size. At that time a
total of approximately 800 square tent bases could be identified. No per-
manent facilities such as buildings or structures were identified.
Some increase to the overall area and an extensive amount of track
activity have occurred since then. At least eight buildings, approximately
60 feet long, have been constructed adjacent to and east of the bivouac
area. Since the individual tent sites cannot be identified on photography
of this scale, the only indicator to buildup in the area would be the ground
scarring, which indicates an approximate 30 percent increase in area.
There is an almost unlimited area for expansion.
NEW SUPPORT AREA UNDER CONSTRUCTION
a new construction project was observed on the north
side of the road that runs from Kapustin Yar through to Launch Complex
"E" at the junction of the road from Vladimirovka. The project appeared
to be in the very early stages at the time of photography and nothing could
be said about it.
however, the construction project was well underway and
a definite pattern had developed (Figure 3). The rectangular area meas-
ures approximately 2,500 by 1,100 feet. A spur from the rail line that
terminates at Launch Complex "C" branches at the road junction and
serves the new installation. The terminus cannot be seen due to cloud
shadow. A paved road also enters the installation from the intersection.
The installation is in the process of being double-fenced and at least
nine buildings can be identified within the fenced area. Two buildings
which appear to be the most important are offset to the west of the paved
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ROAD
TRAIL
RAILROAD
y FENCE
500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
1 1 1 1 1 1 { E 1
FEET
FIGURE 3. NEW SUPPORT AREA UNDER CONSTRUCTION.
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road. They may be on concrete hardstands and appear to be drive-through
type. No specific function can be assigned to any of the buildings or to
the installation itself.
The installation was completely cloud covered on the ho-
tography.
the entire Surface-to-Air Missile facilities (Figure 1)
were covered with only 5 percent cloud cover. There has been little
change since PIC/JR-14/60.' A new building and area of construction
activity were noted in the northwest and southwest corners respectively
of the Research and Development Launch Area. Instrumentation Control
Site No 8 was improved with a firebreak and a fence added. No other
changes were noted.
The area was partially covered by cloud-free photography
Only the actual launch areas were covered. A new instrumentation
site was constructed 5.5 nm northeast of the SA-3 launch area and con-
nected by road and/or cable to Instrumentation Site No 4 on the SAM Test
Range. No other changes were noted.
Ninety-five percent of the SAM facilities were covered by 90 percent
cloud-free photography F new SAM launch site had been
constructed adjacent to the northwest fence of the Research and Develop-
ment Launch Area. It appeared to be a six-launcher inwheel-type site,
but, although this site was barely visible not enough could
be seen to identify it as such. Other unidentified activity was in progress
just north of and adjacent to the northwest fence line. An operational SA-2
site had been constructed between the Yo-Yo guidance site and the support
area No other activity was noted
within the SAM area.
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Portions of the rangehead which showed less significant or no changes
are grouped in this section. Those areas that showed some change are
discussed separately; the others are merely mentioned. The changes
discussed are illustrated in Figure 1.
25X1 Launch Com lox "B" was completely cloud covered on the
25X1 holography. On the mission, over 60 per-
25X1 D cent cloud cover, together with haze and cloud shadow, make interpretation
impossible.
25X1 The small scale of the
25X1 D
25X1 E
25X1 D
photography makes it impossible
even to identify individual sites at Troop Training Launch Complex "F".
No changes were seen at the Initial SAM Launch Complex on
photography and the complex was cloud covered
The same is true of the Airborne Missile Loading Facility.
The major portion of the Kapustin Yar Base Support Complex was
25X1 D covered by cloud-free photography
but no changes could
25X1 D be identified. The support complex was not covered by
25X1 D raphy. No changes could be seen at the complex
covered by partially hazy photography.
Launch Complex "A"
25X1 D On the
photog-
w en it was
photography, clouds and cloud shadow obscured
50 percent of this complex. The launch areas were not discernible, and
the support area was 40 percent cloud covered. Two of the four tracking
stations of the modified "V" confi uration were visible. There were no
25X1 D apparent changes F
25X1 D Clouds and cloud shadow on the overage also obscured
50 percent of the complex. Both launch points were cloud covered, and
approximately 30 percent of the support area was cloud covered. Only
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one of the four tracking sites of the modified "V" configuration was visi-
ble. There were no observable changes.
The complex was entirely cloud covered on the I photography.
Launch Complex "D"
On the photography, Launch Complex "D" was 85 percent
cloud covered; all four launch points were completely cloud covered. The
Range Control Center and Support Area were 70 percent cloud covered,
with the Radar Facility, Rear "L" Pattern, Linear Pattern, and Assembly
and Checkout Area visible, but no apparent change in any of the areas.
In I Launch Complex "D" was 25 percent cloud covered,
with the remaining 75 percent in cloud haze. Three of the four launch
points were visible through the haze and there appeared to be no change.
The Linear Pattern, Range Control Center, and Logistical and Ad-
ministrative Support Area were visible through haze, with no apparent
change. The Assembly and Checkout Area was cloud free, with no change.
The radar facility was cloud covered.
On photography, Launch Complex "D" was entirely cloud
covered except for the launch areas, which were barely visible through
heavy haze. There appeared to be no change.
Launch Complex "E"
On ILaunch Complex "E" was cloud free, with no change
since the last report (PIC/JR-21/60).'
In Launch Complex "E" was cloud covered. However, a
new housing and support area had been identified on the west side of the
main road from Launch Complex At to Launch Complex "E." It is lo-
cated at the terminus of a branch road, approximately one nm from the
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Launch Complex "A" housing and support area. Although small scale and
cloud shadow inhibit detail, it appears that this support and housing area
for Complex "E" has approximately the same size and configuration as
the one for Complex "A."
25X1 D Launch Complex "E" was 100 percent cloud covered on
photography.
Launch Complex "G"
25X1 Launch Corn lex "G" has undergone relatively few changes
25X1 The most significant item revealed I Iwas
25X1 J the completion of the launch pads at Launch Area 1G. The most significant
25X1 D item noted was the inclusion of an SA-2 SAM site adjacent to
the Motor Pool and Equipment Park. The complex was completely cloud
25X1 D covered on thel photography.
25X1 D No comparison can be made between
covera es, since each of the facilities of the complex was cloud covered on
25X1 these missions. Hence, all comparisons are made with
25X1 D
pho
tography.
A detailed analysis of the complex may be found in CIA/PIC/JR-
1006/61. *
25X1 D Both launch areas were completely cloud covered o photog-
25X1 D raphy photography, however, revealed that the two launch pads
at Launch Area 1G were probably complete. This mission confirmed the
predicted pad configuration illustrated in PIC/JR-1006/61. The short
section of road under construction leading east from the Housing Area
does extend to Launch Area IG as speculated in the same report.
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The small scale of the ]photography precludes interpretation
of details at Launch Area 2G. Individual sites are not evident.
Support Facilities
The Support Facilities consist of the Missile Storage and Handling
Areas, the Motor Pool and Equipment Park, the Transloading Area, and
the Housing Area. There has been no apparent change in these facilities
Rocket Launch Complex
Wi
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rte
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The major portion of the Rocket Launch Complex was cloud free in
and shows expansion I IA new area,
located 0.5 nm northeast of the old positions, contains at least four build-
ings, but small scale precludes any definite interpretation.
Only a portion of the Rocket Launch Complex had cloud-free coverage
F he new portion was not covered and no new areas were
identified. The complex was partially cloud covered INo
changes F were noticed. Small scale precludes further
details.
Former V-2 Launch Site
a
25X1 D
25X1 D
a
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The former V-2 Launch Area was 5 percent cloud covered
A graded road was observed leading from the main service road that
Small scale precludes interpretation.
runs from Kapustin Yar to Launch Complex "A." The road appeared to
serve an existing tracking site that was associated with V-2 launchings.
The complex was cloud free l land the new road appeared to
be paved. Some new activity appeared to be taking place at the terminus of
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this road, at the old V-2 tracking site; however, small scale precludes
interpretation.
The complex was completely cloud covered o hotography.
Test and Support Complex
ZDA I U The Test and Support Complex was cloud free on photog-
raphy and a new rail-and road-served support area was built on the north
side and adjacent to the rail line from Kapus tin Yar to the Test and Support
Complex (Figure 1). The area is enclosed by a fence, which measures
1, 200 by 700 feet. Before the rail line enters the area it bisects and appears
to serve two units within the fenced area. Construction activity extends on
both sides of this new area. The small scale precludes interpretation of
25X1 this new area. The remainder of the complex appears to be the same as
25X1 D viewed on I lphotography
25X1 D I (photography of the complex was clear, but no new activity
25X1 D
was noted. The complex was cloud covered
Missile Fabrication Complex
25X1 D The entire area was covered by cloud-free photography
25X1 D The second large fabrication building, which was under const
appeared to be completed. This new building is similar to the earlier
building with sawtooth roof construction and measures approximately 500
by 220 feet. No other changes were noted.
25X1 D No apparent changes were observed on hazy photography
25X1 D The complex was completely cloud covered
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Vladimirovka Base Support Complex
The Vladimirovka Base Support Complex was covered by cloud-free
photography Changes were limited to a few new buildings
in the housing area.
The entire complex was covered by practically cloud-free photography
New construction was underway north of the road from
Vladimirovka airfield to the old village of Vladimirovka. The rail line
from Kapustin Yar to Vladimirovka divides the area in two. Along the
road from the rail line to the airfield are as many as 15 new buildings.
A new airfield is under construction 2 nm east-northeast of the main
runway. The runway is being surfaced, with 12,000 feet completed, but
its ultimate length cannot be determined. No other changes were noted.
The complex was 100 percent cloud covered
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CIA. PIC/JR-1015/61, Probable Aerodynamic Missile Facilities.
Missile Test Center, USSR Apr 61
CIA. PIC/JR-21/60, Launch Complex "Es Surface-to-Surface Missile Facilities, Kapustin Yar/
Vladimirovka Missile Test Center, USSR, Oct 60 (TS
CIA. PIC/JR-1006/61, Launch Complex G, Kapustin Yar/Viadim' vka Missile Test Center,
USSR, Mar 61 (5
CIA. PIC/JR-14/ 60, Surface-to-Air Missile Facilities, Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka Missile
Test Center, USSR, Jul 60 (TS
CIA. PIC/JB-1016/60, Missile Test Center, Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka, USSR, 1 Dec 60
(SF- I
CIA. PIC/JB-1001/61, Rhombic Antenna Site, Kapustin Yar/Vladimirovka Missile Test Center,
USSR, Jan 61 (S
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