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This entry gives the age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted.

  • Afghanistan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Albania

    18 years of age; universal

  • Algeria

    18 years of age; universal

  • American Samoa

    18 years of age; universal

  • Andorra

    18 years of age; universal

  • Angola

    18 years of age; universal

  • Anguilla

    18 years of age; universal

  • Antigua and Barbuda

    18 years of age; universal

  • Argentina

    18-70 years of age; universal and compulsory; 16-17 years of age - optional for national elections

  • Armenia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Aruba

    18 years of age; universal

  • Australia

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Austria

    16 years of age; universal

  • Azerbaijan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Bahamas, The

    18 years of age; universal

  • Bahrain

    20 years of age; universal

  • Bangladesh

    18 years of age; universal

  • Barbados

    18 years of age; universal

  • Belarus

    18 years of age; universal

  • Belgium

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Belize

    18 years of age; universal

  • Benin

    18 years of age; universal

  • Bermuda

    18 years of age; universal

  • Bhutan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Bolivia

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina

    18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

  • Botswana

    18 years of age; universal

  • Brazil

    voluntary between 16 to 18 years of age, over 70, and if illiterate; compulsory between 18 to 70 years of age; note - military conscripts by law cannot vote

  • British Virgin Islands

    18 years of age; universal

  • Brunei

    18 years of age for village elections; universal

  • Bulgaria

    18 years of age; universal

  • Burkina Faso

    18 years of age; universal

  • Burma

    18 years of age; universal

  • Burundi

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cabo Verde

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cambodia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cameroon

    20 years of age; universal

  • Canada

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cayman Islands

    18 years of age; universal

  • Central African Republic

    18 years of age; universal

  • Chad

    18 years of age; universal

  • Chile

    18 years of age; universal

  • China

    18 years of age; universal

  • Christmas Island

    18 years of age

  • Cocos (Keeling) Islands

    18 years of age

  • Colombia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Comoros

    18 years of age; universal

  • Congo, Democratic Republic of the

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Congo, Republic of the

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cook Islands

    18 years of age; universal

  • Costa Rica

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Cote d'Ivoire

    18 years of age; universal

  • Croatia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cuba

    16 years of age; universal

  • Curacao

    18 years of age; universal

  • Cyprus

    18 years of age; universal

  • Czechia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Denmark

    18 years of age; universal

  • Djibouti

    18 years of age; universal

  • Dominica

    18 years of age; universal

  • Dominican Republic

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory; married persons regardless of age can vote; note - members of the armed forces and national police by law cannot vote

  • Ecuador

    18-65 years of age; universal and compulsory; 16-18, over 65, and other eligible voters, voluntary

  • Egypt

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • El Salvador

    18 years of age; universal

  • Equatorial Guinea

    18 years of age; universal

  • Eritrea

    18 years of age; universal

  • Estonia

    18 years of age; universal; age 16 for local elections

  • Eswatini

    18 years of age

  • Ethiopia

    18 years of age; universal

  • European Union

    18 years of age (16 years in Austria); universal; voting for the European Parliament is permitted in each member state

  • Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

    18 years of age; universal

  • Faroe Islands

    18 years of age; universal

  • Fiji

    18 years of age; universal

  • Finland

    18 years of age; universal

  • France

    18 years of age; universal

  • French Polynesia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Gabon

    18 years of age; universal

  • Gambia, The

    18 years of age; universal

  • Georgia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Germany

    18 years of age; universal; age 16 for some state and municipal elections

  • Ghana

    18 years of age; universal

  • Gibraltar

    18 years of age; universal; and British citizens with six months residence or more

  • Greece

    17 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Greenland

    18 years of age; universal

  • Grenada

    18 years of age; universal

  • Guam

    18 years of age; universal; note - Guamanians are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

  • Guatemala

    18 years of age; universal; note - active duty members of the armed forces and police by law cannot vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day

  • Guernsey

    16 years of age; universal

  • Guinea

    18 years of age; universal

  • Guinea-Bissau

    18 years of age; universal

  • Guyana

    18 years of age; universal

  • Haiti

    18 years of age; universal

  • Holy See (Vatican City)

    election of the pope is limited to cardinals less than 80 years old

  • Honduras

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Hong Kong

    18 years of age in direct elections for 20 of the 90 Legislative Council seats and all of the seats in 18 district councils; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past 7 years; note - in indirect elections, suffrage is limited to about 220,000 members of functional constituencies for the other 70 legislature seats and a 1,500-member election committee for the chief executive drawn from broad sectoral groupings, central government bodies, municipal organizations, and elected Hong Kong officials

  • Hungary

    18 years of age, 16 if married and marriage is registered in Hungary; universal

  • Iceland

    18 years of age; universal

  • India

    18 years of age; universal

  • Indonesia

    17 years of age; universal; married persons regardless of age

  • Iran

    18 years of age; universal

  • Iraq

    18 years of age; universal

  • Ireland

    18 years of age; universal

  • Isle of Man

    16 years of age; universal

  • Israel

    18 years of age; universal; 17 years of age for municipal elections

  • Italy

    18 years of age; universal except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25

  • Jamaica

    18 years of age; universal

  • Japan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Jersey

    16 years of age; universal

  • Jordan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Kazakhstan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Kenya

    18 years of age; universal

  • Kiribati

    18 years of age; universal

  • Korea, North

    17 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Korea, South

    18 years of age; universal; note - the voting age was lowered from 19 to 18 beginning with the 2020 national election

  • Kosovo

    18 years of age; universal

  • Kuwait

    21 years of age and at least 20-year citizenship

  • Kyrgyzstan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Laos

    18 years of age; universal

  • Latvia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Lebanon

    21 years of age; authorized for all men and women regardless of religion; excludes persons convicted of felonies and other crimes or those imprisoned; excludes all military and security service personnel regardless of rank

  • Lesotho

    18 years of age; universal

  • Liberia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Libya

    18 years of age, universal

  • Liechtenstein

    18 years of age; universal

  • Lithuania

    18 years of age; universal

  • Luxembourg

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Macau

    18 years of age in direct elections for some legislative positions, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past 7 years; note - indirect elections are limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" and an election committee for the chief executive drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, central government bodies, and elected Macau officials

  • Madagascar

    18 years of age; universal

  • Malawi

    18 years of age; universal

  • Malaysia

    18 years of age; universal (2019)

  • Maldives

    18 years of age; universal

  • Mali

    18 years of age; universal

  • Malta

    18 years of age (16 in local council elections); universal

  • Marshall Islands

    18 years of age; universal

  • Mauritania

    18 years of age; universal

  • Mauritius

    18 years of age; universal

  • Mexico

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Micronesia, Federated States of

    18 years of age; universal

  • Moldova

    18 years of age; universal

  • Monaco

    18 years of age; universal

  • Mongolia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Montenegro

    18 years of age; universal

  • Montserrat

    18 years of age; universal

  • Morocco

    18 years of age; universal

  • Mozambique

    18 years of age; universal

  • Namibia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Nauru

    20 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Nepal

    18 years of age; universal

  • Netherlands

    18 years of age; universal

  • New Caledonia

    18 years of age; universal

  • New Zealand

    18 years of age; universal

  • Nicaragua

    16 years of age; universal

  • Niger

    18 years of age; universal

  • Nigeria

    18 years of age; universal

  • Niue

    18 years of age; universal

  • Norfolk Island

    18 years of age; universal

  • North Macedonia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Northern Mariana Islands

    18 years of age; universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

  • Norway

    18 years of age; universal

  • Oman

    21 years of age; universal; note - members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote

  • Pakistan

    18 years of age; universal; note - there are joint electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for women and non-Muslims

  • Palau

    18 years of age; universal

  • Panama

    18 years of age; universal

  • Papua New Guinea

    18 years of age; universal

  • Paraguay

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 75

  • Peru

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70

  • Philippines

    18 years of age; universal

  • Pitcairn Islands

    18 years of age; universal with three years residency

  • Poland

    18 years of age; universal

  • Portugal

    18 years of age; universal

  • Puerto Rico

    18 years of age; universal; note - island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

  • Qatar

    18 years of age; universal

  • Romania

    18 years of age; universal

  • Russia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Rwanda

    18 years of age; universal

  • Saint Barthelemy

    18 years of age, universal

  • Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

    18 years of age

  • Saint Kitts and Nevis

    18 years of age; universal

  • Saint Lucia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Saint Martin

    18 years of age, universal

  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon

    18 years of age; universal

  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

    18 years of age; universal

  • Samoa

    21 years of age; universal

  • San Marino

    18 years of age; universal

  • Sao Tome and Principe

    18 years of age; universal

  • Saudi Arabia

    18 years of age; restricted to males; universal for municipal elections

  • Senegal

    18 years of age; universal

  • Serbia

    18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

  • Seychelles

    18 years of age; universal

  • Sierra Leone

    18 years of age; universal

  • Singapore

    21 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Sint Maarten

    18 years of age; universal

  • Slovakia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Slovenia

    18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

  • Solomon Islands

    21 years of age; universal

  • Somalia

    18 years of age; universal

  • South Africa

    18 years of age; universal

  • South Sudan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Spain

    18 years of age; universal

  • Sri Lanka

    18 years of age; universal

  • Sudan

    17 years of age; universal

  • Suriname

    18 years of age; universal

  • Sweden

    18 years of age; universal

  • Switzerland

    18 years of age; universal

  • Syria

    18 years of age; universal

  • Taiwan

    20 years of age; universal; note - in March 2022, the Legislative Yuan approved lowering the voting age to 18, but the change will require a constitutional amendment that must be submitted to a referendum

  • Tajikistan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Tanzania

    18 years of age; universal

  • Thailand

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Timor-Leste

    17 years of age; universal

  • Togo

    18 years of age; universal

  • Tokelau

    21 years of age; universal

  • Tonga

    21 years of age; universal

  • Trinidad and Tobago

    18 years of age; universal

  • Tunisia

    18 years of age; universal except for active government security forces (including the police and the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal cases only), and people given a suspended sentence of more than six months

  • Turkey (Turkiye)

    18 years of age; universal

  • Turkmenistan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Turks and Caicos Islands

    18 years of age; universal

  • Tuvalu

    18 years of age; universal

  • Uganda

    18 years of age; universal

  • Ukraine

    18 years of age; universal

  • United Arab Emirates

    limited; note - rulers of the seven emirates each select a proportion of voters for the Federal National Council (FNC) that together account for about 12 percent of Emirati citizens

  • United Kingdom

    18 years of age; universal

  • United States

    18 years of age; universal

  • Uruguay

    18 years of age; universal and compulsory

  • Uzbekistan

    18 years of age; universal

  • Vanuatu

    18 years of age; universal

  • Venezuela

    18 years of age; universal

  • Vietnam

    18 years of age; universal

  • Virgin Islands

    18 years of age; universal; note - island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

  • Wallis and Futuna

    18 years of age; universal

  • Yemen

    18 years of age; universal

  • Zambia

    18 years of age; universal

  • Zimbabwe

    18 years of age; universal