THE DIRECTORATE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HISTORICAL SERIES THE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE, 1949-68 VOLUME TWO ANNEXES IV, V VI, AND VII "RESCANNED VERSION WITH THE PAGES IN CORRECT ORDER"

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• Document Creation Date: June 22, 2015
• Document Release Date: September 29, 2008
• Case Number: F-1996-00666
• Publication Date: June 1, 1972

(b)(1)
(b)(3)
APPROVED FOR
FOR
RELEASED DATE:
The Directorate of Science and Technology
Historical Series
The Office of Scientific Intelligenc4 194948
VOLUME Two ANNEXES IV, V, VI, AND VII
June 1972
Copy No. 1 of 2
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of
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THE DD/S&T HISTORICAL SERIES
OSI -1
THE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE, 1949-68
VOLUME Two ANNEXES IV, V, VI, AND VII
by
Karl H. Weber
June 1972
Car E. Duc ett
Director
Science and Technology
HISTORICAL STAFF
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
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Annex IV
The Scientific Intelligence Committee
and
The Scientific?Egtimates Committee
CONTENTS
Page
I. The First Scientific Intelligence
Committee 1
II. The Scientific Estimates Committee 8
III. The Second Scientific Intelligence
Committee
14
Appendix 1. Organization of the Scientific
Intelligence Committee 19
Appendix 2. Chairmen of the Scientific
Intelligence Committee
23
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Annex IV
The Scientific Intelligence Committee
and
The Scientific Estimates Committee
The First Scientific Intelligence Committee
National Security Council Intelligence Directive
Number 3 (NSCID # 3) dated 13 January 1948, dealt
with the production of intelligence and the coordi-
nation of intelligence production activities within
the intelligence community. Scientific intelligence
was of course a part, and an increasingly important
part, of this problem. To deal with the scientific
intelligence field the Intelligence Advisory Committee
(IAC) in October 1949 approved the issuance of
Director of Central Intelligence Directive Number 3/3
1/
(DCID 3/3):- This Directive, dated 28 October 1949,
established the Scientific Intelligence Committee (SIC),
a permanent interdepartmental body to "plan, support
and coordinate the production of scientific intelligence
as it affects the national security."
DCID 3/3 provided that the chairman of the SIC
should be a representative of CIA with members from
the three military departments, the State Department,
and the Atomic Energy Commission. The SIC was "to
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establish its own methods of procedure and meet on
matters pertaining to scientific intelligence" but
the determination of the scope of this field was
left up to the SIC.
DCID 3/3 was drafted in OSI during the summer
of 1949 and, understandably enough, included many of
Machle's* concepts of proper roles for CIA and OSI
in the national intelligence picture. It was a very
sweeping document and put OSI at the hub of U.S.
scientific intelligence activities in the broadest
sense. Its coordination through ICAPS (Interagency
Coordinating and Planning Staff), the staff level of the
IAC, was characterized by bitter debates on the intended
functions of CIA and OSI. The military representatives
were extremely apprehensive of CIA intentions in respect
to military intelligence. (These apprehensions later led
to the establishment of the Becker Committee and the
eventual drastic reduction in the scope of SIC functions.)
The DCID authorized permanent and ad hoc working commit-
tees in specific substantive fields, terms of reference
for which were to be established by the SIC. These working
* Willardllachle, the first AD/SI who led OSI from
January 1949 to February 1950.
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committees of the SIC were given considerable respon-
sibility in formulating national requirements, pre-
paring interdepartmental production plans, allocating
production assignments, and evaluating collection
1/
activities.
In addition to its other responsibilities, the
SIC was given the unique task of establishing liaison
with the Research and Development Board (RDB) in order
to ascertain intelligence requirements of RDB so that
scientific intelligence could be used by the Board in
formulating its plans. This link between scientific
intelligence and military research planning on a
national scale did not hitherto exist. This assignment
to the SIC stemmed from the failure Of the military
intelligence agencies to meet RDB's needs for intelligence
support. With all its organizational and growing pains,
the SIC was unable to concern itself sufficiently with
this responsibility. Undoubtedly, however, the RDB
support responsibility was one of the reasons why the
military departments initially agreed to the estab-
lishment of the SIC.
Very early in its existence the SIC undertook to
define scientific intelligence, delineate areas of
particular interest and establish committees to handle
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these areas.? Priority was accorded to atomic energy,
biological warfare, chemical warfare, electronics in
warfare, guided missiles, aircraft, undersea warfare,
and medicine. Other areas of intelligence concern
were other new weapons, basic physical sciences, new
equipment and material, geophysical sciences, navigation,
and scientific resources. Having delineated the areas
of interest, the SIC established joint committees to
handle certain fields. Thus, atomic energy was covered
by the Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence Committee or
JAEIC, biological warfare by the JBWIC, chemical warfare
by the JCWIC, electronics by the JEIC, guided missiles
by the JGMIC and medicine by the JMSIC.
The establishment of the committees and the delin-
eation of areas of interest were all approved by the
SIC in November 1949 soon after the SIC began to function.
In June of 1950, the establishment of committees on
aircraft (JACIC) and antiaircraft (JAAIC) was agreed.
The fields of undersea warfare and ordnance were also
recognized as important fields at that time but further
investigation was felt to be necessary before the estab-
lishment of committees in these fields. It is interest-
ing to note here that these two fields were almost
exclusively within the realm of responsibility of single
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departments; namely, Navy for undersea warfare and
Army for ordnance. The issue of the "intrusion"
of other agencies, notably CIA, into what was con-
sidered to be the unique concern of a single agency
or department later became one of the key points
of controversy that tumbled the SIC.
Of the various working committees, only those
on atomic energy matters and
Department and Atomic Energy
members of the other working
from CIA (OSI) and the three
medicine had State
representation.
committees were
The
solely
military departments.
It was apparent that these working committees were
handling fields of interest that were for the most
part military in nature.
Trouble was not long in coming. The Army member
of the SIC in February 1951 questioned the activities
of and justification for the working committees. The
first question he raised was whether the working com-
mittees were aiding the military services in scientific
intelligence, since the working committees were devot-
ing their energies to the preparation of SIC studies
in fields of departmental concern and, with the exception
of the NIS program, were not greatly involved in support
of the national estimate program.
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The second question raised by the Army member
was whether the SIC actually had authority to form
working committees which dealt with matters exclu-
sively within the competence of the military agencies.
Such a question, he maintained, could be resolved
only by the IAC and not by the SIC.
As a follow-up to these questions, the Army
member at the March 1951 meeting moved that five of
the working committees be abolished. The Air Force
member moved that the remaining committees be studied
to determine whether or not they also should be abol-
ished. No action was taken at this meeting, but at
the April meeting a vote on the abolishment of the
committees was taken. The three military members voted
for and the three other members opposed the motion.
The Chairman then ruled that, because of the divided
vote, the matter would be referred to the DCI, pursuant
to DCID 3/3.
The subject of working committees came up next in
July 1951. The SIC agreed to abolish the aircraft and
the antiaircraft committees following assurances
from the military services that these fields would
receive full coverage within the Department of Defense.
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In August 1952 the subject of the abolishment
of the working committees was discussed in the IAC
and minutes of that meeting were presented to the
SIC. It was the contention of the DCI, General Smith,
that the SIC could not abolish working committees by
its own action but could recommend such action to the
IAC. By this time the position of the military
services was that the SIC was infringing upon areas
which they felt belonged exclusively within their
purview.
In the January 1952 SIC meeting the Air Force
member reported the formation within the JIC of a
Joint Technical Intelligence Subcommittee (JTIS). At
the next SIC meeting in February 1952 the Army member
announced the formation of working groups within JTIS
in the fields of guided missiles, biological warfare,
chemical warfare, and military electronics. He pre-
sented a statement asserting that unnecessary dupli-
cation existed between these working groups and the SIC
working committees and moved that the SIC recommend
to the IAC that its working committees in those fields
be abolished. There is no record on the action taken
by the SIC on this move. It is apparent, however, that
the Chairman of the SIC, Dr. Chadwell, brought the
matter to the attention of the DCI because the latter
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referred the matter to an "Ad-Hoc Committee to Survey
Existing Arrangements Relating to the Production of
Scientific and Technical Intelligence" headed by
Loftus Becker, then DDI. The last meeting of the SIC
was held in April 1952.
The Becker Committee held a series of meetings
in the summer of 1952. Finally, at the 14 August 1952
meeting of the IAC the recommendations of the Becker
3/
Committee were adopted in the form of DCID 3/4? of
that date. The Scientific Estimates Committee (SEC)
was established in place of the SIC which was abolished
The Scientific Estimates Committee
DCID 3/4 sharply curtailed the functions of
the SEC as compared with the SIC. Further, it attempted
to delineate the interests of the DOD and CIA in the
3/
scientific and technical fields.? In essence, the DOD
was made responsible for intelligence on research and
development in military material and equipment and CIA
was responsible for coverage of fundamental research
in basic sciences, scientific resources, and medicine.
The SEC was designated as the coordinating mechanism
to integrate the material but only when necessary for
national intelligence purposes. It was only inciden-
tally to assist in the coordination of other production
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and was directed to do so by stimulating and guiding
inter-agency liaison and working-level conferences.
DCID 3/4 removed atomic energy matters,which were
previously included in the substantive area of the
former SIC, from the purview of the SEC and placed then
under the newly created Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence
3/
Committee
Membership on the SEC was the same as that of the
former SIC except for the addition of a JCS member.
The Chairman, however, was to be elected by the mem-
bers annually whereas under the SIC he was to be the
CIA member and to be appointed by the DCI.
The primary business of the first Meeting of the
SEC in September 1952 was to elect John B. Routh
of CIA (OSI) as the Chairman. It was at the second
meeting the following month that the fight between
the military and the civilian sectors of the SEC re-
sumed. While it appeared that the military had won
their point in restricting the production of scien-
tific intelligence by the SEC, the Committee's respon-
sibility in stimulating and guiding inter-agency liaison
was subject to widely varying interpretations. More-
over, DCID 3/4 left the SEC with considerable stature
by reason of its responsibility for contributions for
national intelligence purposes. This provision thus
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embraced contributions to NIE's which were becoming
Increasingly important as the final word on intel-
ligence for the policy makers and planners.
Questions soon arose because of the dual respon-
sibilities and overlap of areas of interest in the
fields of medicine which the SEC undertook to delineate.
Solution of the problem was postponed by establishing
an ad hoc medical conference to integrate the medical
intelligence contribution to NIE-65 "Soviet Bloc
Capabilities" which was then being prepared. Later
that year another ad hoc conference was established
to integrate a contribution to NIS-15 "Switzerland".
From then on, the SEC established ad hoc committees
to prepare contributions to NIS's and NIE's when the
need arose. Thenceforth, the SEC's main activity
was almost entirely the production of contributions
to NIE's and NIS's. This pattern was different from
that of the SIC which had devoted a considerable amount
of time to the production of studies in selected
scientific fields.
The SEC did, however, publish annually a catalog
of studies which were planned and produced by the
member agencies in the scientific and technical fields.
In addition, it attempted to guide collection activities
by publishing a list of S&T priority objectives based
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upon the national priorities list. By way of more
specific collection guidance, it undertook to supply
requirements
Since the publication of studies or reports
by the SEC was barred by DCID 3/4, the Committee
resorted to another course of action; namely, to
have such studies become NIE's. The first attempt
was made in a biological warfare study. It was first
published as an SEC Estimate (SEC 2/54) with the hope
that it would then be used as the basis for an NIE.
However, the IAC concluded that the SEC Estimate
fulfilled any requirement for such a study and that
a separate NIE was therefore not needed. In 1956 the
SEC undertook a study on Soviet Science and Technology.
This time the terms of reference were prepared in
conjunction with ONE and no SEC Estimate was planned.
The final result in which JAEIC and others shared
was NIE 11-6-56, "Capabilities and Trends in Soviet
Science and Technology".
The guided missile field became increasingly
important in terms of national security in the mid-
50's. More and more Soviet successes in the field
becamer-levident.
HANDLE VIA
ALENT-KEYHOLE-COMINT [4.0r7
CONTROL ::-.,'N'sTo.1.1s JOINTLY ks u
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The SEC at first endeavored to
handle intelligence coordination in this field
through an ad-hoc guided missile subcommittee. The
limitations in intelligence production activities
placed upon the SEC by DCID 3/4, however, inhibited
effective effort, however, and the desire in the
community to establish a separate USIB guided missile
committee grew. A proposed DCID 3/6 that would
establish such a committee was reviewed by the SEC
in June of 1955. The SEC concluded that it could
itself accomplish the objectives and perform the
functions called for in the draft DCID 3/6. Because
there was dissension within the Committee, however,
recommendations were sent to the IAC. The dissidents
included OSI. The IAC established the Guided Missile
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Intelligence Committee (GMIC) on 31 January 1956.
Of the three scientific committees of USIB
(SEC, JAEIC, and GMIC), the BEC was unique in that
its charter prevented it from producing intelligence
studies. Notwithstanding the charter, the SEC in
its fifth annual report to the IAC listed as an
objective of the coming year the proposed production
of detailed studies to provide papers in support of
national intelligence responsibilities. While there
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,
were no objections to this proposal on the part of
the IAC, the SEC members themselves were unable to
reach any agreement on the means to produce such
studies. This impasse and the lessening of friction
in the S&T intelligence community made it apparent
that a new DCID on scientific and technical intel-
ligence was needed to give the SEC the freedom and
latitude enjoyed by JAEIC and GMIC.
In June 1958 the Chairman submitted to the
Committee a draft DCID 3/2 covering the Production
of Scientific and Technical Intelligence. In July
the draft was approved by the SEC and submitted to
the officials who were coordinating new drafts for
all three S&T committees as part of a general over-
haul of the IAC structure. In February 1959, DCID
3/5 which established the Scientific Intelligence
Committee (SIC) to coordinate scientific and tech-
nical intelligence (except for atomic energy and
4/
guided missiles and astronautics) was approved.
The new SIC was given a charter very similar to that
of the original SIC and the restrictions of DCID 3/4
were lifted.
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III. The Second SIC
The new, or second, SIC was the third inter-
departmental committee in the field of scientific
and technical intelligence. It had the same member-
ship as the previous SEC, except for the addition
of representatives from the Department of Defense
and the National Security Agency. The civilian
membership consisted of representatives from CIA,
State and AEC; the military members were from DOD,
JCS, Army, Navy, Air Force and NSA.
Subsequent to the, issuance of DCID 3/5 in February
of 1959 the same DCID was revised somewhat and re-
7/
issued in July 1963 and in April 1965. Essentially
the only change was the rewriting of the membership
section to permit the military services to continue
as members. This was necessary since DIA had become
the sole military representative on USIB and had
DCID 3/5 remained unchanged in this respect the DIA
would have become the sole military representative on
the SIC. As it now stands each military service has
a member on the SIC, in addition to the DIA, giving
the SIC a greater range and variety of viewpoint on
military matters. How long this will continue remains
questionable since it appears that eventually the DIA
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e
would prefer to be the sole military spokesman on
the SIC.
At its first meeting in March of 1959 the SIC
considered draft terms of reference for Subcommittees
in Electronics, Biological and Chemical Warfare, and
Medicine. Previously USIB, at its 24 February 1959
meeting, had approved the establishment of these three
5/
subcommittees.? These terms were approved by the SIC
6/
in April 1959.
In addition to its contributions to the NIE
program, a continuation of the main activity under
the SEC, the SIC initiated its own interdepartmental
studies in the substantive fields of electronics,
biological warfare and chemical warfare. It also
investigated the feasibility of studying Soviet
activities in anti-submarine warfare and anti-missiles.
In the latter field a joint SIC-GMAIC working group
was established in October 1961 and later expanded
to include representation from JAEIC. Its assignment
was to provide an answer to a USIB request on the
"Intelligence Aspects of the Soviet ABM Program."
The joint SIC-GMAIC anti-missile working group was
not successful, probably because of questions of over-
lapping jurisdiction, and it was discontinued in the
spring of 1962.
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One of the goals for the SIC set by its Chairman
in the early 1960s was to do a better coordination
and planning job on the production of S&T intelligence
in the community. The annual index put out by the
SEC was dropped since it was simply a bibliography and
reflected past action. At various times, such attempts
.have been made to obtain concerted effort in future
project planning but have met with little success,
primarily because of the weakness of the "allocation
by agreement" principle which has to govern such matters.
Nevertheless, the concept of allocating production tasks
among the participating agencies so as to make greatest
use of available assets continued to remain an objective
of the Chairman.
In January 1963 the Chairman cited the need for a
review of the SIC mission. While the members agreed
that there should be greater emphasis on new kinds of
weapons systems, there was less agreement that the SIC
should set up working groups in such areas as --
scientific resources, aircraft performance, ASW, basic
sciences, research methods, ground weapons, industrial
technology, and automation. Again the objection cited
was the organizational problems in DOD, especially the
organizing of the S&T effort in DIA. It was agreed
that further consideration of this matter would be
postponed until DIA was fully established and operating.
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The subject of working groups came up from time
to time during 1963 to 1965. Some progress was made
on less outrightly military subjects such as scien-
tific resources and molecular biology. In military
matters, however, the DOD members showed their his-
torical reluctance to admit civilian participation,
even in the form of working groups. Finally, however,
when the Board of National Estimates criticized the
SIC for failure to coordinate the community estimates
of aircraft performance characteristics, the Air Force
member reversed his previous stand and supported
creation of an aircraft working group under the SIC.
Thus, the Aircraft Working Group was established with
an Air Force representative as its Chairman in 1966
and shortly thereafter a Submarine Working Group, under
Navy chairmanship, was formed.
Thus, by early 1966 the working groups and sub-
committees of the SIC as they now stand had been
chartered. During the 1966 and 1967 period the SIC
met with the Chairman of each group to review its
charter and activities and to determine the suitability
of its activity. Objections of the military members of
the SIC have largely been overcome and all working
groups are supported by all the member agencies.
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The primary substantive effort of the SIC has
been devoted to the production of contributions to
national estimates and the production of two all-
encompassing S&T studies on "Soviet Military Research
and Development" and "Communist Chinese Science and
Technology." Both of these studies have been used
as a basis for NIE contributions on the USSR and
Communist China. Contributions from JAEIC, GMAIC,
and EIC, as well as the SIC sub-groups, were used in
compiling the studies which have become standard
reference works in their fields.
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APPENDIX 1
SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE
Organization as established by DCID 3/3 of October 1949:
Chairman
Shall be a representative of CIA
Members
State
Army
Navy
Air Force
Atomic Energy Commission
Joint Committees
JAEIC (AE)
JBWIC (BW)
JCWIC (CW)
JEIC (Electronics)
JGMIC (Missiles)
JMSIC (Medicine)
*JACIC (Aircraft)
*JAAIC (Anti-aircraft)
* Added in June 1950 and abolished in July 1951.
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APPENDIX 1
SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE
Organization as established by DCID 3/3 of October 1949:
Chairman
Shall be a representative of CIA
Members
State
Army
Navy
Air Force
Atomic Energy Commission
Joint Committees
JAEIC (AE)
JBWIC (BW)
JCWIC (CW)
JEIC (Electronics)
JGMIC (Missiles)
JMSIC (Medicine)
*JACIC (Aircraft)
*JAAIC (Anti-aircraft)
* Added in June 1950 and abolished in July 1951.
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rr,
SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE
Organization as established by DCID 3/5 of February 1959:
Chairman
Designated by DCI
Members (representatives of USIB)
CIA
State
Army
Navy
Air Force
Atomic Energy Commission
National Security Agency
Joint Staff
Office of Secretary of Defense
Subcommittees
Electronics
BW/CW
Medicine
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SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE
Organization as of January 1968 (under DCID 3/5 of
23 April 1965)
Chairman
Designated by DCI
Members
CIA
State
DIA
Army
Navy
Air Force
AEC
NSA
Subcommittees
Electronics
BW/CW
Medicine
Working Groups
Aircraft
Submarine
Scientific Resources
Priorities
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icr
APPENDIX 2
Chairmen of the Scientific Intelligence Committee
OCT 1949 -
MAR 1950 -
AUG 1952 -
JUN 1954 -
FEB 1959 -
MAR 1950
AUG 1952
JUN 1954
FEB 1959
Present
* SEC
Dr. Willard Machle, CIA/OSI
Dr. H. Marshall Chadwell, CIA/OSI
Mr. John B.
Dr. Karl H.
Dr. Karl H.
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5
Routh, CIA/OSI*
Weber, CIA/OSI*
Weber, CIA/OSI
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Annex V
OS I and ELINT
CONTENTS
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Annex V
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OSI and ELINT
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Annex VI
OSI's Role in Medical Intelligence
CONTENTS
Page
I. Early Development - The National Picture
in 1948 1
II. Establishment of Medical Intelligence in
OSI. ??000?0?00 OOOOOOO 0?0? 4
III. Production of Intelligence in the Life
Sciences ? OOOOO ...??? OOO 19
IV. The Medical Intelligence Subcommittee of the
Scientific Intelligence Committee
V. Medical Intelligence Overseas ? ?? ?00 0 ?
Tab A. History of
Tab B. Functions of
SI
SI
O? ?
?0 9?0 0?? 0 0
Tab C. External Research Projects O
References
OO ?
0 0 0 ?00??0 OOOOOO 00?0 ? ?
7:77.)
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42
57
63
67
75
78
Annex VI
OSI's Role in Medical Intelligence
Medical Intelligence is concerned with the effect
of health conditions upon a nation's capability for
international conflict. It includes in addition to
consideration of the character, incidence and distri-
bution of diseases (and their effect on manpower, military
operations, and domestic economic capability), other
aspects of health and medicine as they have a bearing
on the interrelationships of man and his environment.
Specialized concerns of medical intelligence are related
to scientific, technical and economic intelligence.
Included therein is information on aeromedical, bio-
astronautic, biomedical and environmental matters which
may have a significant influence on foreign capability.
I. Early Development - The National Picture in 1948
In 1948 the Armed Forces were sharply reminded of
an existing bleak picture in medical intelligence in
the US through a "Report of the Subcommittee on Medical
Intelligence of the Committee on Medical and Hospital
Services of the Armed Forces". This report, famil-
iarly termed the "Hawley Report", represented a response
u
n77
on 2 June 1948 to the Committee's order for an inquiry
into the status of medical intelligence in the military
services. The report found that the Medical Intelligence
Branch, Office of the Surgeon General of the Army, was
the only "going concern" in 1948 worthy of the title of
"organization". This unit was short in personnel, space
and facilities. Its activities and output therefore
were limited and "failed to meet acceptable requirements
by a great margin". Of three essential elements in
medical intelligence (epidemiological intelligence on
a geographic basis, research and development intelligence,
and field combat intelligence) this Branch was found to
be deficient in the latter two.
The Report flatly insisted that medical intelligence
was essential to the nation, that it must be centralized
in one organization to serve all military departments,
that it should be placed at a high echelon (preferably
within the Office of the Secretary of Defense) and
that it should have close working relations with many
1/
agencies.
At an interview in 1947, CIA representatives advised
the Hawley Committee of the medical intelligence interest
of the
Office of Research and Estimates,
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CIA.
Official uneasiness over intelligence shortcomings
continued after publication of the Hawley Report.
Another Committee, the Committee on the National
Security Organization (known as the "Eberstadt Committee")
was particularly concerned about the Nation's inade-
quacies in the fields of scientific and medical intel-
ligence. It asserted in November 1948 that medical
intelligence in the government was virtually non-existent.
The Committee recommended that the Research and
Development Board and the Central Intelligence Agency,
as a joint undertaking, establish immediately within
one or the other agency, an efficient and capable unit
to collect, collate and evaluate scientific and medical
intelligence in order that existing glaring deficiencies
2/
in this field be promptly eliminated.?
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II. Establishment of Medical Intelligence in OSI
While awareness of the serious deficiency in
national medical intelligence was clearly evidenced
by the Hawley and Eberstadt reports, no definitive
federal action took place except in CIA. Dr. Willard Machle,
who became the first Assistant Director of the Office
of Scientific Intelligence on 1 January 1949 played a
key role in the establishment of an OSI Division for
the production of medical intelligence. In addition
to his role as Director of CIA's scientific intelligence
program, Dr. Machle was a physician with a keen personal
interest in meeting the nation's intelligence require-
ment in his professional field. He first established
a position for a physician in the
of
OBI. Thus, medical intelligence has been a part of the
explicit responsibility of the Office of Scientific
Intelligence since its establishment.
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TOP SECRET
The Task of Coordination
In his response to Dr. Machle's request,
Dr. identified the principal task in medical
intelligence to be the establishment of coordination
of medical intelligence activities of all the federal
agencies concerned. Believing that the National
Security Act of 1947 had failed to give the DCI
sufficient authority to execute his coordination
responsibilities, Dr.
attempted by personal
diplomacy to fulfill CIA's role of coordination despite
the absence of any formal authority over other intel-
ligence agencies. His early consultations with
Service representatives led to the assignment of a
senior naval medical officer to the Office of Naval
Intelligence. In 1949 he established a regular schedule
of visits by this officer to the
the purpose of collaboration and coordination.
In
1949, an Air Force Medical Intelligence Officer, on
duty in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, was
actually working at a desk in the OSI during a
4/
major portion of his duty hours as a collaborator.
In 1949, no Army medical officer was assigned
to the Intelligence Division of the War Department.
The Medical Intelligence unit of the Preventive Medicine
for
-5-
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Division, OSG of the Army was then engaged in the
compilation and production of epidemiological data
which it published in technical bulletins. As
noted above, the Hawley Report criticized the medical
Intelligence value of this organization. Neverthe-
less, since the unit represented Army medical intel-
ligence, regular visits to CIA by its Chief were
also firmly established by the SI. Further-
more, with the creation of the interdepartmental
Joint Medical Sciences Intelligence Committee (JMSIC),
under the Scientific Intelligence Committee in 1949,
a medical officer was assigned to G-2, Army, and this
officer became the regular member of JMSIC for the
5/
Army.
The medical intelligence officer of OSI also
established liaison in 1949 with officers of Camp
(Fort) Detrick to coordinate medical intelligence
interests with the intent of fostering centralization
4/
of medical intelligence in CIA.
Evolution of Organizational Structure of the Medical
Intelligence Division
Initial Structure - On 1 January 1949, the Office
of Scientific Intelligence was established from elements
of the already-existing
6
TOP SECRET
of the Office
(
TOP SECRET
of Reports and Estimates.
Formal Branches - The areas of substantive
responsibility of the
OSI were set
down in October 1950 in a formal statement of the
organization ?and functions of the Office. This state-
ment is a reflection of Dr.
concepts at that
time as supported by Dr. Machle and his successor,
7/ 8/
Dr. Chadwell. For I the areas were:
A. Medicine in its broad sense as it bears
upon attacks on the health and efficiency of man,
including research and development in the fields
of medical science, the distribution and character
of diseases as they may influence planned operation,
domestic affairs; climatological, psychological and
physiological aspects as they bear upon the inter-
relationships between man, his environment, equip-
ment and tasks, and the medical aspects of atomic,
biological and chemical warfare;
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TOP SECRET
B. Manufacture, import and export of
pharmaceutical and biological products,
medical equipment and supplies;
C. Organizations, facilities, personnel
and other resources in these fields.
At this time (1950) the separate
of OSI emphasized developments in biology, with explicit
7/
reference to offensive biological warfare.?
In response to the gaps noted in the Hawley and
Eberhardt reports, medical field and combat intelligence
was an area of emphasis in the Division as were all
aspects of medicine in relation to the armed forces.
Stress was placed on epidemiological intelligence;
i.e., the distribution and character of diseases of
man and animals as these may influence domestic affairs,
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TOP SECRET
planned operations or national security. No change
was made in the area of interest of the
SI, except to re-emphasize that
special interest to it. The
BW was of
study
of R&D in pure and applied biology explicitly excluded
human and veterinary medicine, which was regarded as
the province of the
Re-Assignment of Military Medicine
In 1951, the
was reorganized
The eradication of the
Branch presaged the enactment of DCID 3/4
9/
in 1952 which assigned military medicine to the Services.
The exclusion of military medicine in Division
activities is directly attributable to DCID 3/4
(14 Aug 52) "Production of Scientific and Technical
Intelligence," which lists in Annex A the responsibilities
of the departments of the Department of Defense in
the field of medicine intelligence, as follows:
.k. Military medicine, including:
(1) Medical aspects of civil defense
in the USSR;
(2) Medical vulnerabilities of mem,
and animals to BW agents, and
capabilities for medical defense
of man and animals against BW
agents."
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TOP SECRET
Because of excellent teamwork and cooperation
which existed among members of the medical intelligence
community at the working level, the Division was able
to rely on the military for support in its areas.
Coverage of aviation, field, shipboard and submarine
medicine was handled exclusively by the Army, Navy,
and Air Force for NIS and other production. Responses
to
I requests for contributions of intelligence
pertaining to military medicine were very satisfactory
and
I believed the afore-mentioned allocation of
production responsibility to be entirely suitable.
The Division was relied upon within OSI to contribute
estimates on k(1) and k(2) (see indented quotation
above), even though these were allocated to the
Department of Defense, because the Division had the
7/
analytical competence to do so.
Prior to DCID 3/4, work was also being done by
the in basic research on BW and CW.
Further, the Division covered Soviet offensive and
defensive BW in veterinary medicine. With the
enactment of DCID 3/4, primary responsibility for
BW and CW intelligence was also assigned to the military
Services.
Ultimately (in 1955) the Army Chemical Corps
established the Chemical Corps Intelligence Agency
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'
TOP SECRET
which then developed a staff of rather mediocre caliber
10/
to cover BW-CW intelligence.
National Intelligence Surveys Role
The NIS has been described as a substantially
successful area of Agency activity. This production
Is scheduled by the Office of Geographic and Basic
Intelligence and also by the
11/
of OSI:--
TOP SECRET
TOP SECRET
The fundamental principle of the NIS program,
as laid down in NSCID No. 3, is the allocation of
production and maintenance responsibilities to those
agencies which are best qualified by reason of mission,
production capability, and primary interest. The
have made substantial contributions to the preparation
of Sections 7, 17, 45 and 76 of the National Intelligence
Surveys. In 1967, medical intelligence officers were
contributing primarily to the preparation of Section 7
of the NIS; Sections 17 and 76 were discontinued.
Responsibility for the Section 45 of the NIS
rested originally with the Army and on 29 March 1948
the Surgeon General of the Army was given the task
of its production. On 5 April 1954, the Army requested
that the responsibility ioe reallocated, and it was
assigned to the OSI.
? 12?
TOP SECRET
Li
TOP SECRET
- 13 -
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TOP SECRET
BW-CW De-Emphasized
The production of intelligence on CW-BW was generally
considered to be the responsibility of the military
departments. For this reason, Agency responsibilities
in these fields were primarily directed at the surveil-
lance and coordination of intelligence rather than at
research and production. The latter activities were
to be engaged in only at the request of the IAC
Agencies or to the extent necessary to fill clearly
defined gaps in coverage.
- 14 -
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TOP SECRET
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Bioastronautics
BW-CW Responsibility Assumed
The primary objective of this reorganization
was to reorient and focus
interests and coverage
on those aspects of the life sciences which are of
strategic intelligence significance. Also, by com-
bining the BW and CW efforts, more efficient use of
manpower and more effective support to the Scientific
Inte1lieence Committee on BW/CW matters were expected.
- 17 -
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- 18 -
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1OP SECRET
III. Production of Intelligence in the Life Sciences
A Massing and Analysis of Data
In 1949 in the absence of an acceptable medical
intelligence program outside OSI/CIA, the
initiated its program with a tremendous
effort to establish a data base.
Documents available
from governmental and non-governmental sources which
contained medical information on the USSR or inter-
national health were perused and coded;
brief-
ings and debriefings were conducted, and files were
inaugurated on personnel, facilities and subjects of
priority interest: additional reports were received
in response to these activities.
-19-
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TOP SECRET
- 20 -
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TOP SECRET
Scanning of published reports for the period
of the 1950's demonstrates that the establishment
of the level of Soviet medical science was accomplished.
Production reports emphasized coverage of substantive
areas, e.g., treatment of mass casualties, ionizing
radiation, fermentation, microbiology, hematology,
immunochemistry, immunology, basic aeromedical problems,
toxicology, medical sciences in the various countries
of the Soviet Bloc. Research and development in medicine
and allied sciences -- physiology, biochemistry, medical
microbiology and biophysics -- were carefully analyzed
and reported. Medical intelligence officers fulfilled
the essential task of getting to know the USSR and
- 21 -
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TOP SECRET
reflecting this knowledge in published reports and
oral briefings for policy makers, federal scientists
and law makers, and for the American scientific
community which required information about the USSR.
- 22 -
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Synthesis
As noted above, medical intelligence production
had recorded developments in information in two ?
areas in the 1950's: Soviet efforts in space medicine
and in attempts to control human behavior. While
analysis of subject matter lost none of its essential
_
role, it was now becoming p7s sibl e to synthesize a
picture of Soviet programs.
Cybernetics
Key
papers on Soviet cybernetics were also
characterized by the synthesis approach. In 1957
HANDLE VIA
ALENT-KEYHOLE-COMINI
C ROI. SYSTEMS JOINTLY.
- 23-
? TOP SECRET
was initiated to study research on
human behavior in the USSR. This research identified
the first Soviet attempts at cybernetic conceptu-
alization of mechanisms of behavior.
-24-
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StCRET
- 25 -
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TOP SECRET
- 26 -
liP-SEGRET-
TOP SLCRET
Strategic Intelligence Production
Production in the period from 1964 on reflects
the qualifications of
medical intelligence
officers to participate in long-range, high-level
foreign policy intelligence. They had been able
to discern Soviet programs (e.g. the man in space
program and the cybernetics program) even while
those programs were in the process of forming in
the USSR. A major activity now was monitoring and
reviewing the performance of the USSR and est mating
what it would do and when it would do it
- 27-
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'
Ql7PRET
Foreseeing the growing menace of Communist China,
division officers are placing priority emphasis on
medical intelligence on China. Coverage of Communist
China has included public health, medical practice,
medical training, medical research, and military
medicine as they pertain to China's political, economic,
and military development. Production reports
indicate that the life sciences have continued to
play a major role( in China's-development as the
- 28 -
TOP SECRET
s.311
regime attempts to balance its political strategy
of expanding world influence against its internal
fight to survive infectious diseases and the con-
sequences of its population explosion.
- 29-
. . "
- 30 -
TOP SECREf
? ? . . . . - ? . ? . ? . ? . ? . . ? . . . .
SHREI
- 31 -
TO SECRET
"IET
TU
A &Lp
- 32 -
TOP SECRET .
TOP SECRET
d. Soviet Agricultural Sciences
to assist in the compilation of
research summaries in the USSR on (i) soil sciences,
(ii) cereal grains research and, (iii) new agricul-
tural chemicals. His work (1958 to 1961) contributed
to Division Sifts and a Monograph on Biology.
e. Cybernetics
-33-
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Top tET1ET
- 34 -
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?? :
TOP SENT
..? ? . ? .?
- 35 -
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........ ? ? .? ?? ?". .
TOP SECRET
- 36 -
TOP 4:al
- 37 -
TOP SECRET
TOP SEREI
- 38 -
. nc r n P7P
i U ii) ciLU
ET
- 39 -
TOP SINiET
TOP ';'PRET
- 40 -
TOP SECRET
IV Safi
- 41 -
TOP SLCRET
Sitgi
IV. The Medical Intelligence Subcommittee of the
Scientific Intelligence Committee
Efforts
of OSI, to establish
interagency coordination reached fruition within
the Joint Medical Sciences Intelligence Committee,
a subordinate unit of the Scientific Intelligence
Committee (1949-1952).
The progress of the Interdepartmental Medical
Intelligence Committee, currently (1968) termed the
Biomedical Intelligence Subcommittee of the SIC, is
delineated below and in Figure 1. It must be pointed
out that in the early years of the Joint Medical
Sciences Intelligence Committee the absence of a
major program in medical intelligence in any of the
major member agencies other than CIA placed the burden
of a large part of the work of the Subcommittee upon
CIA. The JMSIC Chairman and Secretary were furnished
by CIA and to the present day OSI furnishes the
Chairman and Secretariat of the Subcommittee. A
Scientific Intelligence Committee (SIC) meeting in
- 42 -
TOP SECRET
1963 revealed the major contribution of OSI's medical
intelligence unit to the Subcommittee: in that year,
fourteen years after the founding of JMSIC, its
Chairman was again forced to point out to the Chairman,
SIC that the Services Members of the SIC Medical
Intelligence Subcommittee did not have adequate resources
available to them and therefore could not carry out their
medical intelligence research responsibilities in the
Subcommittee. The burden of support continued to rest
on SI
The Scientific Intelligence Committee (SIC) was
established 28 October 1949 by DCID 3/3. The SIC in
turn established six subcommittees one of which was
the Joint Medical Sciences Intelligence Committee
(JMSIC). The Chief OSI was appointed
Chairman of JMSIC. The membership of JMSIC was made
up of representatives of Army, Navy, Air Force, State
Department, Atomic Energy Commission and CIA and of
any ad hoc members which JMSIC designated. On 14 August
1952, DCID 3/4 abolished SIC and replaced it with the
Scientific Estimates Committee (SEC). Termination of
SIC automatically discontinued the existence of its
subcommittees, among which was JMSIC.
1
At a special meeting on 1 October 1952, the newly-
created SEC established-a-Medical Intelligence Working
- 43 -
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TOP Skaiii
Conference (MIWC) on an ad hoc basis for a period
of six months. The MIWC membership was the same
as that of the JMSIC. In addition, through the
coordination efforts of the Chief,
OSI, meetings were attended now by representatives
of the Office of the Assistant Secretlry of Defense
(Health and Medical), the Federal Civil Defense
Administration and the Public Health Service. At
the end of the six month period, the MIWC automatically
ceased to exist but the personnel of the committee
still continued regular informal meetings until
December 1955. The Federal Civil Defense Administration's
representative ceased to attend these meetings when its
medical section was moved to Battle Creek, Michigan.
Need for the coordination activity of the Chief,
OSI was emphasized by the Service
representatives on the MIWC. The members of the infor-
mal group constituting the former MIWC called to the
attention of the SEC the fact that, although the group
had no official status, it had continued to function
informally to serve a demonstrated need of its member
agencies. These members expressed their strong con-
viction of the value of the professional intelligence
collaboration provided. On December 1955, the SEC
established the SEC Ad-Hoc-Medical Intelligence Sub-
- 44 -
, 771?, 774 rt,
(
committee (MIS) for a six month period terminating
29 June 1956. The departmental membership remained
the same as that for the former JMSIC and MIWC plus
the addition of a representative of the Joint
Intelligence Committee of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The SEC Ad Hoc MIS was given the specific task of
preparing a report on gaps in intelligence on the
Sino-Soviet Bloc. After this, the MIWC continued
to work as an informal group. On 17 October 1956,
it was activated .as the Ad Hoc SEC Medical Intelligence
Working Group.
DCID 3/4, dated 3 February 1959, established
a Scientific Intelligence Committee (SIC) to coordi-
nate scientific and technical intelligence activities
of the government. On 2 April 1959 the SIC issued
"Terms of Reference for the SIC Subcommittees in
Electronics, Biological and Chemical Warfare, and
Medicine". The Medical Intelligence Subcommittee
(MIS) resumed official status with publication of
these terms. Terms of Reference for the MIS set forth
in 1959 by the SI for the MIS contained these specific
responsibilities.
1. provision of a forum of exchange of S&T
information for intelligence purposes related
to the national-security;
- 45 -
rip ii7-11:117.711:-.'
2. recommendation of S&T intelligence
objectives within the overall national intel-
ligence objectives and indication of their
relative priorities;
3. evaluation of the effectiveness of
collection and production efforts toward meet-
ing national scientific and technical intel-
ligence objectives, identification of deficiencies
and possible remedies for the SIC;
4. participation in the preparation of
contributions to national intelligence estimates
and interdepartmental intelligence reports as
directed by the SIC;
5. direction of attention of the SIC to
outstanding foreign advances of concern to U.S.
Intelligence and the R&D community.
Although a Subcommittee in Biological and Chemical
Warfare was also established by the SIC the MIS was
historically expected to maintain cognizance of the
medical aspects of BW and CW -- and of AW through
Its AEC Member -- (Note: at BMIS-23, SIC relieved
BMIS of responsibility for defensive BW): Membership
of the MIS was the same as that of its precursors.
The 1959 Terms of Reference for MIS have never been
4A6 -
ID?
`4:16t(t
superseded and are in effect at present (1968). In
1964 the MIS was re-titled the Biomedical Intelligence
Subcommittee (BMIS) to reflect more completely the
coverage by the Subcommittee of both the biological
sciences and medical sciences, its surveillance of
R&D admlnces in these fields and world-wide epidemiological
trends. Further, to reflect advances in Soviet and
world cybernetics, a separate SIC Memorandum gave
responsibility for Control Sciences, including
Cybernetics, to the Medical Subcommittee. OSI's
is playing the major national
intelligence and coordinating role in this area, and
is furnishing the chairman of a bio-cybernetics
working group of the Subcommittee.
Figure 1 outlines the development of the Medical
Intelligence Subcommittee from 1949 to 1968.
Committee Name Parent Committee
1949-1952
JMSIC (Joint Medical Sciences
SIC (Scientific
Intelligence Committee)
Intelligence
Committee)
1952-1953
MIWC (Medical Intelligence
SEC (Scientific
Working Conference)
Estimates
Committee)
1953-1955
Ad Hoc MIWC
None
1955-1956
Ad Hoc MIS (Medical Intel-
SEC
ligence Working Group)
-47-
icilP SECRET
Cita
1956-1959
Ad Hoc MIWG (Medical Intel-
ligence Working Group)
SEC
1959-1964
/MIS (Medical Intelligence
SIC (Scientific
Subcommittee)
Intelligence
Committee)
1964-1968
BMIS (Biomedical Intel-
ligence Subcommittee)
SIC
Figure 1. Development of Medical Intelligence
Committees/SIC
While the 1959 Terms of Reference of the Sub-
committee are still in effect, strengthening of these
Terms has been suggested by two Chairmen: (i) in
June 1963, Chairman, MIS, submitted a detailed draft
of MIS responsibilities as recognized by the Chairman
of the MIS Task Force for Study of MIS responsibilities;
(ii) in 1964, Chairman BMIS, submitted strengthened
Terms of Reference with a view to acquiring effective
manpower for the agencies represented in the BMIS.
The SIC indicated thatiit preferred to make no changes
in thell959 Terms but re-affirmed its understanding
that the Subcommittee's established Mission and
Functions give it suf lexibility to fulfill
its responsibilities.
The medical intelligence work of OSI, through
its
has occupied the central stage in the intelligence
community. The
has been the only member of
- 48 -
'Nit' SECRET
TO SECRET
the Subcommittee with a staff to accomplish the work
of support to the Subcommittee. Selected examples
of the accomplishments of the Subcommittee indicate
that
staff work has achieved coordination of
life sciences intelligence and has been, in effect,
the highest level producing entity dealing with
medical intelligence in the intelligence community.
A. Preparation of Contributions to National Intelligence
Estimates
1. This activity, has been accomplished by pre-
liminary preparation of draft estimates with-
in the
and subsequent coordination of the
Individual Committee Members.
in OSI
drafts with
The list of
this work
estimates so coordinated is long:
is described in Minutes of the Meetings.
- 49 -
TO SECRET
SEVET
2. The BMIS through its Chairman (who is the Chief
OSI) has established
permanent Working Groups within the Subcommittee
with SIC approval to achieve coordination of
life sciences intelligence activities in the
community: The Chairman foresaw eventual
preparation of estimates assigned to the Sub-
committee by these Groups. The Groups now
working are:
a. Environmental Sciences Working Group.
(This Group, at first known as the
Bioastronautics Working Group, has
prepared a contribution to NIE 11-1-67
which tras then coordinated in BMIS)
b. Molecular Biology Working Group (This
Group has updated the Estimate of Science
and Technology in Communist China (BMIS-
35,36,37)
c. Global Epidemiology Working Group (This
Group now publishes the Status Report
on the Incidence of Infectious Diseases)
d. Bio-cybernetics-Behavioral Sciences Work-
ing Group is being organized (1967)
B. Exploitation of East-West Exchanges
1. Basic Support
Collection of life sciences intelligence
information has been fostered through Subcommittee
- 50
t 7)17?9'
V 11
support of East-West Exchanges. This support has
included briefings and debriefings, preparation of
requirements, suggestion of names of personnel to
participate on Exchange Teams, identification of
installations and locations to be visited, identifi,
cation of scientists visiting the US or foreign
scientists worth visits in their homelands. The
Subcommittee has conducted a briefing on the Exchange
Program (BMIS-5) for its own Members.
Selected
examples of Exchanges aided by the Subcommittee include
the following:
U. S. Virology Team ( 9 Apr 56)
Radiology Exchange (12 May 58)
Polio Exchange (12 May 58)
Women Physicians (12 May 58)
Biochemistry (22 Jun 59) (MIS-3)
Mental Retardation (30 Apr 62) (MIS-47)
Hospital Systems (MIS-3,4)
Physiological Development (BMIS-3,4)
of the Child
Hyperbaric Systems (3MIS-15,16)
Others are described in Minutes of MIS-70, 71,
77, 78, 79, 80, and 81: Efforts have been initiated
- 51 -
fl ?
..? ...? .
(1967) to program a "Man-in-the-Sea" Exchange Team
for the forthcoming Exchange Protocol.
2. Current Support
A regular item on the Formal Agenda of
MIS Meetings in the East-West Exchange Program. The
SI Member of the Subcommittee prepares and
distributes to its members at each meeting a report
entitled "East-West Exchange Notes" (0U0). These
notes direct attention to current or projected Exchange
visits of Soviets to the US and American Scientists to
the USSR.
C. Exchange of Information on the Incidence of Infectious
Diseases
1. The Subcommittee has regularly published each
month a Status Report on the Incidence of Infectious
Diseases. This report has presented in graphic form
news of diseaseE'outbreaks throughout the world reported
during the time period since the last scheduled meeting
of the BMIS. The Global Epidemiology Working Group of
the BMIS assumed responsibility for its preparation in
1966. Disease outbreaks which are reported through
channels classified higher than OU0 are announced orally
at each Meeting and are recorded in BMIS minutes. The
"Status Report" thus serves as a device to communicate
to all Member Agencies, including HEW and NIH, current
information on diseases occurring throughout the world.
- 52 -
CLIP SECRET
Members have paid tribute (MIS-73) to the amount
and quality of information on epidemics made available
in the "Status Report." The value of the Committee
meeting as a central point for information on infectious
diseases has been noted by the Members (MIS-71, 78,
79).
Individual MIS Members regularly supplement the
formal Status Report with oral reports of information
received in their respective agencies. Anaanalysis
of the El Tor cholera outbreak in the Far East was
presented at an MIS Meeting (MIS-80) by the HEW
representative.
A portfolio of Global Epidemiology Maps has
been assembled for background source material support
in the preparation and utilization of the Status Report
on Infectious Diseases. The portfolios have been
prepared in looseleaf format so that additional maps
can be inserted as needed and maps exchanged as
indicated (HMIS-11).
- 53 -
TOP SECRFT
D. Exchange of Fundamental Science Information
1. Report on Subjects of Substantive Medical
Intelligence Interest.
Coverage of fundamental science areas of intel-
ligence concern has been effected within the Sub-
committee by the use of formal and informal reports
and seminars to the Members. These reports emphasize
pertinent substantive areas, intelligence collection,
and coordination of activities.
- 54-
TOP SECRET
SECRET
2. Inauguration of Intelligence Orientation Seminars.
The Chairman established a program of seminars
on intelligence and intelligence-associated activities
to be conducted within the Formal Agenda of the Meetings.
- 55-
TN SECRET:
E. Identification of Intelligence Objectives and
Priorities
At its first meeting in April 1950, the JMSIC
undertook the coordination of general medical require-
ments (JMSIC). In subsequent meetings it identified
countries of primary importance to medical intelligence
(JMSIC-3, 6 July 50) and listed priorities in general
order of importance (JMSIC-7, 1 Sep 50).
- 56 _
TV SECRET
F.
Publications of BMIS
1. The BMIS has undertaken the publication of
reports under a BMIS cover sheet. These reports
are devoted to topics of interest to a broad circle
of readers in addition to those in the intelligence
community.
- 57 -
I.,
- 58 -
--ferLig41 ET-1.8ti,
TOP SOFT
TO? SENET
- 60 -
tj6u54
- 61 -
Tpi.3 ci7Z;
- 62 -
TAB A
HISTORY OF
SI
31 Dec 1948 Establishment of OSI:
The already existing
of ORE was separated from ORE.
acquired Office status and was given
the name Office of Scientific Intelligence
(OSI).
It
- 63 -
P5P
vu..!
- 64 -
cm. rr
3 al.
tOil
- 65 -
7
1
c'CRET
- 66 -
'SI
-HIP-SECRET-
FUNCTIONS OF
?
The following functions of the
have existed, with some refinements since
TAB B
A. Research and Production
(1) Obtain data
in relation to:
(a) Foreign research, development
and trends which specifically influence
the health and efficiency of man includ-
ing space medicine; nuclear medicine;
the understanding and control of human
behavior; medical aspects of civil defense;
biochemistry, pharmacology, radiobiology,
c
microbiology, pathology, physiology, bio-
physics, and clinical medicine.
(b) International health problems
and practices including organization and
administration, personnel, facilities, training
-67 -
SECRET
incidence, prevention and treatment of
diseases and technical aid, including
bilateral and multilateral activity in
the health field.
(c) Foreign research, technology
and trends in biological sciences includ-
ing molecular biology, microbiology,
genetics, radiation biology, physical,
chemical, and mathematical biology;
marine biology, astrobiology and astrobotany;
and agricultural sciences related to food
potential (Veterinary medical sciences
are -- 1967 -- part of the responsibility
of LSD, while agriculture has been given
a lower priority.)
(d) Theoretical technical and applied
aspects of the control sciences in the
SovBloc including:
1) Scientific efforts to generate
theory concerning the regulatory
mechanisms which control complex bio-
logical , technical and/or social
zsystems or organization, and involve
problem-solving, decision-making and
other-aspects of information processing
in natural processes.
- 68 -
P SECRET
Ter q'r?
(4) t,vR,A., ?
2) Technical and.engineering efforts
to model physically the systems generated
by the control theorists including self-
optimizing behavior, mechanical trans-
lation, information transference, proces-
sing, retrieval and storage, and automatic-
control.
3) The application of control
concepts, schemes and devices to the
regulation of living organisms, tech-
nical complexes and social processes.
Applications may concern brain-program-
ming in the New Soviet Man, the creation
of a self-optimizing, automated, industrial-
economic base and weapon-system control.
(e) In addition, the
provides the chairmanship and
secretariat of the Biomedical Intelligence
Subcommittee of the Scientific Intelligence
Committee and, since 1967, of the BW/CW
Subcommittee.
(2) In accordance with long-range and fiscal
year intelligence research and production programs
and objectives, develop, schedule and conduct all-
- 69-
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SENET
source research in the assigned sciences
and fields, and produce the following
types of intelligence for review by the
Intelligence Board and approval by the AD/SI
where required:
(a) Contributions to National
Intelligence Estimates and National
Intelligence Surveys, and critiques of
contributions by other agencies.
(b) Scientific Intelligence Reports,
Scientific Intelligence Memoranda, Scientific
Intelligence Digest items and Scientific
Intelligence Research Aids.
(c) Special estimates, reports,
briefings and debriefings for internal
OSI use and in response to requests by
other offices and agencies.
(d) Current intelligence items for
OSI publications and for support of the AD/SI.
(3) Coordinate intelligence research and
production with other OSI divisions, other
Offices, agencies and groups, including partic-
ipation in working groups, such as the Biomedical
Intelligence Subcommittee and the BW/CW Sub-
committee of - Scientific Intelligence Com-
mittee , in order to delineate areas of
- 70 -
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responsibility, to fill gaps in intelligence
research and production, to exchange infor-
mation and to provide scientific and tech-
nical intelligence support.
(4) Advise and assist the Production Staff
in developing OSI programs and objectives for
intelligence research and production, and
programs for the coordination of scientific
and technical intelligence research and
production.
(5) Assist the Staff in scheduling and
allocation of intelligence research and
production responsibilities and in the dis-
semination of finished intelligence.
(6) In collaboration with the Staff, advise
OCI in the development of intelligence indicators
and in evaluating current intelligence.
(7) Initiate external projects and proposals
for the use of consultants in support of division
activities relating to intelligence research
and production for approval by AD/SI, assist
the Administration Branch in developing proposals
for external projects and administer and supervise
execution of such approved external projects,
preparing-repOrts to the AD/SI as required.
- 71 -
(8) Compile information in assigned fields
on the scientific and technical intelligence
research and production activities of other
offices and agencies and make recommendations
for improvement as appropriate.
B. Support of Collection:
(1) Assist the Office in establishing
collection priorities and in development of
long-range and fiscal year programs for support
to collectors
(2) Develop proposals relating to new
and improved techniques and systems for col-
lection and collation of scientific and tech-
nical intelligence and information, coordinating
and collaborating with other divisions, Offices
and agencies as required.
(3) Collaborate in the preparation of
recommendations regarding utilization of exist-
ing sources of information
(4) Initiate external projects and pro-
posals for the use of consultants in support
of division activities relating to support of
- 72 -
1
T69 TR[11
1)1 q.;11.0,
collection for approval by the AD/SI assist
Administration Branch in developing proposals
for external projects and administer and
supervise execution of such approved external
projects, preparing reports to the AD/SI as
required.
(5) Develop collection requirements,
target briefs, priorities lists and reading
guides, and conduct necessary liaison with
collectors to expedite fulfillment of require-
ments.
(6) Compile information in assigned fields
on the collection activities of other offices
and agencies and make recommendations for
improvement as appropriate.
- 73-
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- 74 -
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TAB C
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Annex VII
CONTENTS
Page
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Annex VII
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