POLITICAL PARTIES

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 02649659
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2022
• Document Release Date: August 15, 2017
• Case Number: F-2015-01135

:INA IIO US 5011101IS
JAR. 1017 w" RAT DE usral.
CLASSAW'A"Ak4
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CENTRAL iZrTCE GROUP REPORT NO.
!INFORM REPORT
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COUNTRY Poland
SUBJECT Political Parties
PLACE
ACQUIRED
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DATE DISTR. 24 September 194'
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SUPPLEMENT TO
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THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORmATION APPEETiNG THE
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SOUR
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Polish Workers P!..ESLIME.R1
1. The PPR Politburo's (at' PPR) foreign po/ioy is based on the followir: mincipless
(a) Alliance with the USSR.
(b) Peace and co-operation with other Slav nations.
(c) Cordial relations with the Anglo-Saxons as long as they accept the present
regime.
The BP PPR's ambition is to make Poland, politically and economically, the most
festive and dynamic state in Europe, exclusive or the USSR.
BP PPR's domestio policy aims et consolidation of Poland and assimilation of all
political parties to fora a strong, united Leftist front. Obstacles to the attain-
ment of this program are:
(a)
f
national desire for independence -- the "independence complex";
strength of the Oatholic Church;
antipathy toward. Russians, Poles of Rusaian descent, and Jews;
hostile attitude of the masses toward the PPR;
the uncompromising stand taken against the PPR by such oppositicn, elements as
the AK, PSL, and Underground;
PPR's negligible influence with the youth of Poland.
Factors which the PPR believes will favor its program are:
(a) progressive tendencies of the workers and peasants,'
(b) general lassitude of the people;
(c) national desire for stabilization and internal peace.
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3. The BP PPR expects to stabilize and pacify the nation by destroying all opposi-
tion. AB its initial stap in this program of destruction, the BP invented the
amnesty to reveal and trap the Underground. Its next target was the Pain which
it hopes to destroy through disorganization of its leadership and absorption of
its members by PPR and SL. When all opposition is eradicated and the international �
crisis has passed, the BP PPR will hold elections in accordance aitn "democratic
principles".
The P's inflexible attitude toaard the PSL is illustrated by the recast prosecu-
tion of Baginski & Co. for publication of a PSL bulletin citins the UB's crimes
and its persecirtion of the ?SL. The BP PPR blames this bulletin for anclo-Saxon
attacks upon the PPR. Basinski was condemned to eight years imprisonment; his
companions, to terms varying between throe and six years.
5. The ?.R's economic policy is based on socialistic principles. Central Comoittee
members responsible for this policy believe it is the quickest road to economic
recovery and, as such, must of necessity burden present and future generations.
Some dissenting PPR leaders holO that the policy is leading to financial and
moral exhaustion. and to a regime based on oppression.
6. The PPR profits most from the nation's income. Its members fill key positions
in the Government, the Army, agriculture, industry, security, militia, ec4 private
and provincial administration.
Some members of the KC PPR (Central Committee of the PPR) criticize the
economic plan. They contend that Poland, instead of planning to export
quantities of coal, should conoentrete on expansion of its own coal der'
production. Although the following plans have been made in this direct
are considered inadequate:
70
three-year
=IOUS
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o they
Activation of a coking plant in connection with the Kosciuszko fouriry.
Reconstruction of "Anna".
Construction of one paint and lacquer factory.
Construction of a synthetic gasoline plant in the Oswiecim region.
These same KC members deplore Poland's failure to rehabilitate her gas varks.
There are, for example, four gas works in the "recovered territories" weleh
remain inoperative even though only slightly damaged.
8. The PPR, actuated by public opinion and intra-party pressure, is purging lts
ranks of notorious thieves, embezzlers, prostitutes, and recognized collabora-
tionists. At the same time it is conductins a vigorous recruitment program
with particular stress being placed upon the selection of professionals, hite
collar workers, women, and young persons. The recruiting program has a slogan:
"Vo village, no city, no county no shop without a PPR cell". Recruit, - t has
been most successful in Silesia where PPR membership has risen from 40:sand
to 140 thousand. Of this total, 70(A are workers, indicating that the P-i::1 success
in this area is due to the strong concentration of laborers and their t itionally
weak national consciousness. The PPR's white collar membership in Silesia has
inoreaaed from 5 thousand to 16 thousand, while its enrollment of women has
risen from 3 thousand to 30 thousand. The "Huta Bunko-we" (Dabrowa) and the "Gen.
Zawadski" mine are the feR's strongest points in Silesia. Circulation of the
"Trybuna RoboknIina:1, published by the PnR's Provincial Committee, has increased
from 100 thousand to 360 thousand.
9. Growing dissatisfaction and dissention in the ranks of the PPR is illustrated by
the following opinions expressed at a 6 Apr 47 meeting of county agricultural
inspectors held at the WK PPR (Provincial Committee of PPR):
(a)
Khapik, the delegate from Noisse, in discussing crop planting, stated that
one county received no fertilizer or seed -grain while other countlen received
teeemuch and are selling the surplus at black market prices. This situation
exists because Silesian members of the provincial ZSCH (Peasant Self Help
Union) board discriminate against the repatriates in favor of their awn
people.
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(b) Zdybal, another delegate, spoke of the bitterness created by unfair division
of land. Although acreage is liaited by law, the law is frequently oir-
oumvented in order that a favored member of the "eK FPR may take possession
of more land than is legally permitted.
(o) Kowalczyk, the delegate from Klodzk, complained of excessive charges for
mechanical labor on repatriates' farms, citing charges of as much as three
thousand al. for ploughing one hectare by tractor.
Further evidenee of dissatisfaction in the ranks of ?PR is supplied oe a 12 Apr
47 conference of the UK PPR transportation division at Katowice.
(a)
Comrade Zasoj of the Bytom city committee stated that efforts to Aelp Spain
through contributions have irritated the people and caused ranch ridicule,
especially by miners who have returned from France.
(b) Lubas, delegate from Chorzow, stated that the workers are complaining about
bad food, "rotten" shoes, and poor protective clothing.
C
Lalik, delegate from Sosnowiec, attacked the railroad's personneY, 'otection
policy, its low wages, and its poor administration as evidenced 1 the lack
of materials to repair cars and locomotives.
!Polish Socialist Party (PPS)
10. The CKW tFS (Central Executive Committee of the PPS) takes tee followI political
lines
(a) Co-operation with the 11-R at eresent is a political necessity beceese it will
guarantee the defeat of capitalism and the introduction of "socit lemocracy."
(b) The ePR cannot control the masses completely without help from tY
(c)
The PIS, unaided by the rPR, can create a "iopular Poland" and caery out the
Polish Socialist program.
(d) PPS objectives are a united workers frint, a molted bloc, and a united nation.
(e) The PPS has "hardened its core in its tactics of co-operation wit!, Ghe 1-PR
and is driving at balancing out its position toward that party".
11. Drobner, a member of the C,KW ITS described hi a party's attitude as fc see:
(a)
"We do not tie our lot to any party forever; we are looking for t best way
out of this situation, and we expect the PPR to become ready for promises
benefiting us.
(b) "We cannot become an anti-Government party now, and leave our all the PPR.
(c) "Our attitude is founded on national interest, not partisan egotium.
(d) "PPS will build Poland with all democratic forces, and will come eut against
all who wish to disunite her.
(e) "In the fight against reaction, PPS must have confidence in the PIE as long
as there are any remnants of reaction in Inland.
(f) "No one in Poland wants a dictatorship of the proletariat. The nation does
not want to live under the whip, but in unity under law.
(e) "The rFS did not refuse its services to Poland ana will not do so now. It
will look for a way out of the labyrinth of battling ideologies, r- eign and
domestic�
(h) "If there are people in the PPS who are afraid of the supreeacy of the Jjlie
we can assure them that the PPS is stronger. The nation looks wee the PPR
as a clique."
12. The PPS is growing steadily. Total membership, which stood at approximately 700
thousand in late Apr 1947, is expected to reach ono million by the end of June.
The Provincial Committee of the PPS in Katowice has directed its lower eehelons to
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recruit ,all the members-they can, with a special eye toward teachers and alte
(seller workers for employment in commissioms and National Councils.
13. Growing antagonism between the PPS and the PPR is due, in part, to the ppa
practice of forcing PPS personnel from remunerative positions and replacing
them with PPR members. PPS's consciousneee of its growing strength also has
precipitated disputes with the FPR in Lodi; Poznan, Katowice, and Warsaw. The
PPS warns APR members to "get hold of their ruoksacks and to get earphones so
they can listen to their own trials."
14, Co-operation with the PPR was strongly attacked during a 14 Apr 47 meeting of the
Provincial Committee of the APS at Katowice. The PR was denounced as interpret-
ing co-operation to mean complete absorption of ?A. Opinions expreseed by
individual delegates at this meouine were as follows:
(a) Gornicza, delegate from Dabrawa, condemned the UB for its arbitr:y arrest of
two PPS members who had complained of UB,s mittreatment of PSL members.
(b) The delegate from Klodzk "proved" that the PPR had sent members of the PPS
death warrants signed by the German secret organization, "Acht e Acht."
(o) Hawelko, delegate from Sosnowiec, cited the export of Polish eooeo to MOSOOW
under treaty agreements, and proposed that this exploitation of the people's
work and possessions be published.
(d) The delegate from Bedzin stated that the London Poles were appre ing the
Polish masses with propaganda aieee at the union of their group ths PPR.
154 Members of the PPS in the city and province of Warsaw are condemning'ir leaders.
They accuse Cyrankiewios of being a Communist, claiming that he was a --aitor to
the PPS before 1939 and was ousted from the party.
Polish Peasants Panfly_PI9
16. The PSL is Lecepa;embly divided over the question of co-operation with the PPR.
MikolajcZyk and his right wing are opposed to the Communists; left wire. elements
favor co-operation with the EPR and elimination of the Underground.
17. At a recent meeting of the Chief uouncil, 4cech, ealewski, Domanski, Liecleo, Dec,
Banach, and Kiernik all demanded a change in party policy. Lycech's troup began
publication of a weekly, The ieasants and the State, in which 7liko1ajc9yk was
attacked and co-operation with the workers, parties was advocated. Mieolajozyk
ordered the group to stop its publications, and subsequently suspended sroup
members when they refused. Suspension merely stirred them to further action.
18. On 18 Apr 47 provincial leaders of the PSL left mine conferred at War-emt Meek�
spoke; Wycech made a political report, and Koter an organizational or The
conference declared PS e suspensions invalid, and decided to enlist th, easant
masses by creating provincial end county committees of the PSLeLeft.
19. Although the Zalewski-Szajer-B'each group remained with eikolajczyk's t ght, it is
in contact with the PSL-Left, Still another group, which includes Arelzkiewicz,
Smirski, Boguslawski, and Korbonski� is definitely critical of eikola,:eyk.
Seymanski, Zamieroweel� Bodzenta, and Zurakowski, members of the Beale: ;ok Committee,
dissolved their committee and transferred its offices to the ZSCh (Pestent Self
Help Union). Similar action was taken by County Committees in BI lye and Lamm
and by the Provincial Committee in Lodz.
the Se. Adalbert ceree:nies in
Gniezno will be used to promote a now Popular eatholic Party. The PIS. views this
move as an attempted "marriage of iiikolajczyk and the Dational Democrete".
21. The PPR is capitalizing to the utmost on the politioal division of the peasantry
as exemplified by the PSL split and the internal difficulties of 1ICI (Association.
of Peasant Youth).
Peasames Party (SL)
22. In areas where the ESL has been disbanded bst the UB� peasants are jOitk SL en
masso. In the Jaroslaw district, for example, 43 SL branch offices have been created
with a total membership of over 3,000. SL leaders in Jaroslaw have contacted the
Democratic Committee of the MCI, a possible source for future recruitre,
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23. The Executive Committee of the SL SL) has decided to create a Council for
Unity of the ieasant Movement to co-ordinate policy und study economic und
educational problems. It is further designed as the beginning of a "United
Peasant Movement" (jednoczenie Ruchu Ludowe6o) to include the entire Polish
peasantry.
24. PPR id alarmed by the mass enlistment of peasants in SL. It realizes that
SL is not ocly profitir6 by the disintogratio/k of P6L, but is capable of
matching PPS strength and joining ITS in a coalition against PPR.
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