CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1960/05/09

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03148942
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: March 17, 2020
• Document Release Date: March 26, 2020
• Publication Date: May 9, 1960

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9 May 1960
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CENTRAL
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INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
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9 MAY 1960
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Khrushchev visit prior to summit ru-
mored in Prague.
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Turkey--Ruling party reported split over
further "abnormal" measures against op-
position; Menderes may fire interior min-
ister and police chief. 0
South Korea--Arguments continue over
proposed political reforms.
Ethiopia asks USSR to condition UN
membership for Somali union on ar-
antee of Ethiopian borders.
HI. THE WEST
Portuguese official says Portugal would
leave NATO, refuse Azores bases if US
should side with Congo in any dispute
with Lisbon.
0 Betancourt says Venezuela will leave
OAS if US does not take positive stand
against Trujillo.
0 Cuba resumes relations with USSR,
will reportedly also establish relations
with Communist China in due course.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
9 May 1960
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Czechoslovakia: Khrushchev was persuaded by Czecho-
slovak party boss Novotny, during the latter's visit to Moscow
from 2 to 4 May, to put in an appearance at the Prague libera-
tion celebrations which b egan on 7 May, according to rumors
again circulating in Czechoslovakia. The Soviet ambassador. in
Prague told the French ambassador there was a good possibility
that Khrushchev would appear in Prague before the summit meet-
() k ings. The personal attention which Novotny received from the
Soviet leader during his Moscow stay also suggests that reported
differences between the two countries�including Czech opposi-
tion to the policy of detente--have been resolved, and that Khru-
shchev might visit Prague prior to the summit to demonstrate
unanimity of views. (Page 1)
IL ASIA-AFRICA
Turkey: Local security forces reinforced by army units are
maintaining order in Turkish cities, but the political atmosphere
remains tense and new disorders could break out. A majority of
the governing Democratic party's parliamentary deputies is re-
ported opposed to the further use of "abnormal" methods to sup-
press the opposition Republican Peoples party. Premier Menderes,
Dr- is believed to be seeking a meeting with opposition leader Ismet
Inonu in an attempt to reduce tension. ale is also reported consid-
ering the dismissal of the minister of interior and the general di-
rector of the Turkish National Policj (Page 3)
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South Korea: The various elements in the National Assem-
bly, maneuvering for partisan advantage as well as assurance
of assembly control over the proposed new form of government,
are divided over means of satisfying public demands for political
reforms. The assembly is expected to proceed slowly toward es-
tablishing a responsible cabinet system headed by a prime min-
ister. a'here are reports of Communist subversive activities as
well as of a revival of the leftist Progressive party outlawed by
the Rhee government in 1958. A dispute is reported developing
between the army martial law commander, who is intent on sup-
pressing future demonstrations, and the new defense minister,
ves they should not be dealt with harshly]
(Page 5)
Ethiopia-Somalia: In an intercepted message of 4 May, Ethiopia
has asked the USSR, as a permanent member of the UN Security
Council, to obtain guarantees of Ethiopia's borders when neighbor-
ing Somali territories unite and apply for UN membership. British
Somaliland and the Italian trust territory of Somalia are scheduled
to become independent and form a Somali union by 1 July. _ Addis
Ababa, increasingly concerned that its southeastern province,
largely populated by Somalis, will be attracted to a "Greater Soma-
liland," wants UN membership conditioned on formal assurances
that thP Somali union will not seek to expand its borders.
(Page 7)
Portugal:
Portugal will pull out of NATO and cancel the Azores base agree-
ment with the United States if Washington supports the Congolese
In any dispute with Portugal after the Congo becomes independent
on 1 July, or if the US publicly disapproves of repressive Portu-
guese action to halt Congolese infiltration of Angola and Cabinda.
Portugal, expecting trouble with the Congolese, has strengthened
border patrols and given them orders to shoot any natives trying to
cross the border. (Page 8)
III. THE WEST
9 May 60
DAILY BRIEF ii
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Venezuela-Caribbean: [president Betancourt has threat-
ened to withdraw from the Organization of American States (OAS)
if the US does not take a positive stand in the organization against
Dominican dictator Trujillo. Withdrawal could severely damage
the prestige of the OAS, long an object of attack by Cuban Prime
Minister. Castro and by the Communists as an instrument of "US
imperialiSm." Betancourt has become increasingly frustrated with
OAS "ineffectiveness" against his long-standing enemy Trujillo,
but he plans to file a complaint with the OAS charging Trujillo wifh
intervention in connection with the 20-21 April military uprising
in Venezuela. Although Betancourt is completely disenchanted
with Castro, he believes that the nnrnaeh to thP Cuba problem
is through the electoral proces!D (Page 9)
Cuba-USSR: The 7 May announcement of the establishment of
diplomatic relations between the Castro regime and the Soviet
Union formalizes increasingly close economic and political ties
since Mikoyanis visit to Cuba last February, when a five-year
trade pact and a $100,000,000 Soviet credit were announced. ak
staff member of the Cuban Communist party newspaper is re-
ported to have said on 7 May. that Cuba will also establish diplo-
matic relations with Communist China in due cours9j The Soviet
Embassy in Havana will be the fourth' in Latin America for the
USSR, which now has diplomatic missions in Mexico. Urueuay. and
Argentina.
9 May 60
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I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
� Khrushchev Reportedly to Visit Czechoslovakia
Khrushchev was persuaded by Czechoslovak party boss Novotny
during the latter's visit to Moscow from 2-4 May, according to the
latest in a series of rumors circulating in Czechoslovakia, to put in
an appearance at the Prague liberation celebrations which began on
7 May. The plausibility of the rumors was somewhat enhanced by
the Soviet ambassador's statement to the French ambassador that
there is a good possibility Khrushchev will appear in Prague before
the summit meetings, which are scheduled to begin on 16 May. A
major aim of such a visit probably would be to counteract Western
reports of differences between Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union
and give the appearance of a unanimity of views.
The cordial treatment accorded Novotny last week was in sharp
contrast to the snub he received in Moscow during the Warsaw Pact
meetings in February, when for unknown reasons Khrushchev failed
to receive him for a private interview, although he received leaders
of all the other East European delegations. Khrushchev reportedly
also failed to honor an invitation to visit Prague on his return from
Paris in April.
There have been indications that Czechoslovak-Soviet relations
have been troubled by Czech misgivings about the Soviet policy of
East-West detente and by Czech support for certain Chinese Commu-
nist policies distasteful to Khrushchev. Czechoslovakia generally
has taken a negative line toward international detente.
The highest ranking satellite leader to attend the Chinese tenth
anniversary celebrations in September 1959, Novotny praised Chi-
nese progress-- in spite of Khrushchev's reserved comments--and
said that China should serve as an example for underdeveloped na-
tions on the way to Communism.
A long delay in appointing a successor to the former Soviet
ambassador in Prague led to wide speculation that the ambassador
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had been withdrawn at Czech request as a result of differences be-
tween the two countries. Novotny's recent announcement that Czecho-
slovakia was, in effect, just behind the USSR in building Communism,
as well as his reaffirmation of this stand with apparent Soviet approval
during his latest Moscow visit, may indicate a Soviet concession to
the ambitious but harried Czech party boss.
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II. ASIA-AFRICA
Internal Turkish Situation Improves
Istanbul and Ankara, scenes of the most violent demonstra-
tions against the government between 28 April and 5 May, are
quiet, and curfew restrictions have been reduced. Security forces,
backed up by army troops, appear to have the situation well under
control. Many student leaders in the demonstrations remain under
detention; the others appear disorganized. The political situation
in Turkey remains tense, however, and new violence could occur at
any time�possibly in the smaller cities, to which many students
have returned following the closing of the universities in Istanbul
and Ankara.
Recent meetings of the governing Democratic party's parlia-
mentary group have demonstrated the existence of a split in party
ranks between the moderates and those favoring a more extreme
policy toward the opposition Republican People's party (RPP). The
extremists have proposed the lifting of parliamentary immunity and
arrest of RPP leaders for instigating the recent riots, the sup-
pression of that party, and the establishment of "people's courts" to
try RPP leaders. The moderates, reportedly a majority of the
parliamentary group and possibly including Premier Menderes,
have opposed these moves. Several moderates have called for the
abolition of the investigating commission set up by the National
Assembly on 18 April to examine the "illegal and subversive" acts
of the RPP--an act which led directly to the present unstable polit-
ical situation.
Menderes may have author-
ized feelers to RPP leader Ismet Inonu to determine if the latter
will meet with him in an effort to reduce tensions. It appears doubt-
ful that Inonu would meet with Menderes while the parliamentary in-
vestigation�repeatedly denounced by him as illegal�continues.
(Menderes is also reported considering the dismissal of Minister
of Interior Gedik and the removal of Cemal Goktan from his position
--SEGREZ--
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t_gp general director of the National Police. Both men are asso-
ciated in the popular mind with repressive acts and the death
of students in the recent riots. As both are generally considered
close to President Bayar, their removal by Menderes could be
Interpreted as another blow at Bavar in the long-rumored struggle
for power between the two men.]
SEC
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Political Unrest Continues in South Korea
Contending elements in the South Korean National Assembly,
maneuvering for partisan advantage as well as assurance of assem-
bly control over the proposed new form of government, are divided
on measures aimed at satisfying public demands for political re-
forms.
Public representatives who appeared at assembly hearings on
5 May generally approved the establishment of a responsible cab-
inet system headed by a prime minister, supported election by the
assembly of a president with drastically restricted powers, and
agreed that the present assembly need not be dissolved prior to
amendment of the constitution. They objected, however, to the as-
sembly's draft constitutional provisions restricting freedom of speech,
press, assembly,and association, as well as to proposed emergency
powers. The chairman of the assembly committee which drafted the
proposals insisted that such controls are necessary.
A small group of students who demonstrated in Seoul on 7 May
to demand the resignation of school officials connected with Syngman
Rhee's Liberal party clashed with army troops but were quelled by
tear gas and bayonets.
members of the leftist Progressive party, which was banned by the
Rhee government in 1958, have aligned with college professors to in-
stigate student demonstrations in the Pusan area in southeastern Korea./
Acting Head of State Huh Chung stated on 6 May that he had evidence
of increased Communist infiltration from North Korea, but that he was
taking countermeasures that "would handle the situation."
tA dispute is reported developing between Lt. Gen. Song Yo-chan,
army chief of staff and martial law commander, and Lt. Gen. Yi
Chong-chan, the new minister of national defense, over means of
coping with reported_ subversion andwith student disorders. Song re-
portedly is intent on suppressinv all demonstrations by whatever means
necessaryJ He fears a major uprising in the Pu-
san area and has instructed police officials throughout the country to
determine if the recent appearance of "seditious posters has any con-
nection with the enemy fifth column and spies, whose numbers have
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� greatly increased lately." EY.i, on the other hand,
believes that the threats are not serious, is insisting that demonstra- �
tions be permitted, and has ordered troops not to fire on participants.
He has countermanded Sons orders sending marines to Pusan to en-
force martial law and allegedly favors relying on the police and proc-
uratorial authorities to maintain public orderj
Meanwhile, commenting on foreign affairs, Huh Chung announced
on 6 May that his caretaker government would not resume negotia-
tions with Japan unless the latter terminated its program of repa-
triating Korean residents to North Korea, and that South Korea would
continue to enforce the Rhee line.
he might ac-
cept repatriation on an individual, private basis without mass ship
ments aboard specially chartered ships, as is now the case. Vice
Foreign Minister Choe Kyu-ha told the ambassador on 5 May that
the Office of Marine Affairs had been advised to avoid further sei-
zures of Japanese fishing vessels/
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Ethiopia Seeks UN Backing Against Somali Territorial Designs
The Ethiopian Government apparently is seeking United Na-
tions action to forestall any demands for Ethiopian territory by
the Somali union to be created when the Italian trusteeship of
Somalia and the British protectorate of Somaliland become in-
dependent on 1 July. The Ethiopian ambassador in Moscow was
Instructed on 4 May to request the USSR, as a permanent member
of the UN Security Council, to seek guarantees from Somalia be-
fore the union is admitted to UN membership that it has no terri-
torial designs against its neighbors. The Soviet ambassador in
Addis Ababa had also been requested to press the issue,
Similar approaches may also be
made to some other Seturity Council members.
[Addis Ababa has long feared the appeal a Somali union would
hold for the nomadic Somalis of southeastern Ethiopia's Ogaden re
gion. During the past year Ethiopia has substantially increased
its security, forces in the Somali border areas and sought com-
mitments of international support for its opposition to the Greater
Somalia concept advanced by Somali nationalists.]
Gti strongly worded editorial in the controlled Ethiopian press
recently called the Somali union "neo-imperialistic" and designed
only to serve the purposes of the former "colonial masters" of the
area--i. e., Britain and Italy.]
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flL. THE WEST
Portugal Might Break Military Ties With the West
[Alberto Franco Nogueira, director general of political af-
fairs in the Portuguese Foreign Ministry,
his country will withdraw from
NATO and cancel the Azores base agreement if the United States
supports the Congolese�presumably meaning in any dispute with
Portugal�after they achieve independence, or if Washington pub-
licly disapproves of stern action Lisbon is prepared to take to
prevent Congolese infiltration of Angola and adjacent Cabinda. He
justified a possible break of the base agreement on the grounds
that Portugal could not afford to "spend one third of its budget to
support so-called allies when they refused to support Portugal:Li
CNogueira emphasized that Portugal expects trouble from the
Congolese after 1 July, in view of alleged Communist infiltration
of the Congo and border crossings by agents sent to subvert the
natives in Angola and Cabinda. Portuguese troops were being
readied in Lisbon in mid-April to sail to these two areas, and they
will police the borders with orders to shoot any, natives crossing
over. He also said that Portugal is determined not to give up "one
foot" of territory and will "kill 1,000 Congolese," if necessary, to
prove it_.]
LISogueira's threats regarding NATO and the Azores bases are
probably in part a pressure tactic to enlist greater US support for
Portugal's position in Africa. Nevertheless, there is abundant evi-
dence of Lisbon's resolve to hang on to its African provinces at all
costs. Aside from reasons of prestige, the Portuguese are reluc-
tant to give up these provinces because of their important contribu-
tion to the metropole's favorable balance of payments. Lisbon also
fears that concessions in Africa would aaffravate nationalist nressure
on Goa and Timor;
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Venezuelan President Iliges US Stand Against Trujillo
CYenezuelan President Betancourt has threatened to withdraw
from the Organization of American States (OAS) if the United
States does not take a positive stand against Dominican dictator
Trujillo in that organization. Such a withdrawal could severely
damage the prestige of the OAS, long an object of attack by Cuban
Prime Minister Castro and Communists in the hemisphere as an
instrument of "US imperialism." Moscow and Peiping radios have
consistently supported this propaganda themes)
CBetancourt advised Ambassador Sparks that he is under pres-
sure from the military for direct retaliation against the Dominican
Republic, charging that three Dominican planes are standing by for
an air trike against Venezuela. Top Venezuelan government of-
ficials have previously indicated that military action against Tru-
jillo's regime is a strong possibility_.3
(Betancourt, who has become increasingly frustrated with OAS
"ineffectiveness" against his long-standing enemy Trujillo, is
nevertheless planning to file a complaint with the OAS charging
the Dominican dictator with intervention in Venezuelan affairs, in
connection with Dominican involvement in the 20-21 April military
uprising in Venezuela. Betancourt has invited Colombia, which re-
cently broke relations with the Dominican regime, to join him in
this move, and he believes other Latin American countries will son
follow suit. The Peruvian government on 7 May suspended diplomatic
relations with the Dominican Republic, and described this move as
"an act of solidarity with the sister republics of Venezuela and Co-
lombia in defense of representative democracy. "I
Although Betancourt is completely disenchanted with Castro,
he is of the opinion that the approach to the Cuban problem is to
build up pressure on Castro to hold elections. His contention is
that Castro would have to govern democratically after elections
or expose himself as a dictator.7
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CUM WEN 1 IAL
Nee Nov
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
Ar1 11. T It- r' 'r I A 7
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